CN109301232A - A kind of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109301232A CN109301232A CN201811167059.4A CN201811167059A CN109301232A CN 109301232 A CN109301232 A CN 109301232A CN 201811167059 A CN201811167059 A CN 201811167059A CN 109301232 A CN109301232 A CN 109301232A
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- sio
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- based anode
- lithium
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021488 crystalline silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000875 high-speed ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries and preparation methods, belong to technical field of lithium-ion battery.Technical solution is: the disproportionation of SiO being handled, is the allotment for being disproportionated promotor and SiO disproportionation inhibitor by SiO, to control SiO disproportionation degree.The following steps are included: Step 1: the allotment of SiO disproportionation promotor and SiO disproportionation inhibitor, obtains additive A;Step 2: SiO and additive A are uniformly mixed, mixed material B is obtained;Step 3: mixed material B is carried out high-temperature process, roasting material C is obtained;Step 4: roasting material C is classified, obtains silicon based anode material after screening process.The present invention is disproportionated promotor by SiO and SiO is disproportionated the allotment of inhibitor, then uniformly mixes it with SiO, calcination process obtains.Silicon based anode material produced by the present invention compared with the existing technology, has disproportionation degree controllability higher, Applicable temperature range is wider, is easy to mass production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries and preparation methods, belong to lithium ion battery manufacturing technology
Field.
Background technique
The development plan of power battery is specified according to " made in China 2025 ": the year two thousand twenty, battery energy density reach
300Wh/kg;2025, battery energy density reached 400Wh/kg;The year two thousand thirty, battery energy density reach 500Wh/kg.Battery
The promotion of energy density is also along with the requirement promoted to anode material capacity, and current commercialized negative electrode material is still with graphite
Based on material, but due to the restriction of graphite architectural characteristic itself, it is low to be faced with theoretical capacity, and platform is low, high current charge-discharge
It is also easy to produce the problems such as lithium branch is brilliant.However silicon based anode material then possesses apparent advantage on capacity, Si has theoretical capacity
4200mAh/g or so is graphite theoretical capacity more than 10 times, but it still faces many problems as negative electrode material, as Si exists
Bring bulk effect during lithium ion alloying and removal alloying, Si itself low Li ionic diffusion coefficient and electronic conductance
Rate and electrolyte are difficult the problems such as the surface Si forms fine and close SEI film.
SiO negative materials capacity is in 1600mAh/g or so, but due in lithium telescopiny, unformed SiO2[M1] with
Lithium reaction generates lithium metasilicate buffer layer, can effectively inhibit Li-Si alloy bring bulk effect, so that it is preferable to have SiO
Cycle performance.But due to unformed SiO2It is reacted with lithium and consumes more lithium source, SiO head effect is lower.
In order to improve SiO head effect problem, SiO is subjected to high temperature disproportionation, promotes Si and SiO2Crystallization degree, highly crystalline
SiO2It is not easy to react with Li;But SiO2It is insulator, is wrapped in the performance that the surface Si is also unfavorable for Si capacity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries and preparation methods, by deploying SiO discrimination
Change promotor and inhibitor, the disproportionation degree of control SiO itself solves silicon substrate to reach the balance of its capacity and efficiency
The problem of anode material capacity and first effect balance, solve the above problem existing for background technique.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of preparation method of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries, its special feature is that: the disproportionation of SiO is handled, is
Promotor is disproportionated by SiO and SiO is disproportionated the allotment of inhibitor, to control SiO disproportionation degree;Lithium ion battery silicon substrate cathode material
The preparation method of material the following steps are included:
Step 1: being disproportionated the allotment of promotor and SiO disproportionation inhibitor by SiO, additive A is obtained;
Step 2: SiO and additive A are uniformly mixed, mixed material B is obtained;
Step 3: mixed material B is carried out high-temperature process, roasting material C is obtained;
Step 4: roasting material C is classified, obtains Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries after screening process.
SiO used in the step 1 is disproportionated promotor, is Li alkali, Na alkali, Mg alkali, Ca alkali, alkaline-earth metal and its oxygen
One or more of compound, carbonate or hydroxide.
It is siliceous or carbon material that SiO used in the step 1, which is disproportionated inhibitor,.
Described siliceous or carbon material includes silicon powder, siliceous organic matter, organic carbon source.
SiO used in the step 1 is disproportionated promotor and the ratio of inhibitor controls the quality between 0.01-10
Than.
Additive A dosage used in the step 2 is the 0.01%-20% of SiO dosage, mass ratio.
The mode deployed in the step 2 is divided into solid phase mixing or liquid phase mixing;Solid phase mixing using high speed mixer,
VC mixing machine or cone-type mixer one of which equipment, are mixed;Liquid phase, which is mixed into, to be used load weighted SiO and additive
A is added in water or alcoholic solution, is carried out uniform stirring, is then carried out drying and processing.
High-temperature process in the step 3, in N2, in Ar or CO inert atmosphere, be warming up to 0.5-10 DEG C/min
300-1200℃。
High-temperature process in the step 3 is warming up to 700-1100 DEG C, constant temperature 0-10h.
A kind of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries, its special feature is that: Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries uses
Preparation method defined by above-mentioned is prepared.
By the present invention in that the cooperation of promotor and SiO disproportionation inhibitor is disproportionated with SiO, it can be in wide temperature range reality
The control of existing SiO disproportionation degree, to realize the equilibrium of SiO itself capacity and first effect and the Temperature Treatment of additive solubility matter
It is easier to realize, therefore improves the chemical property and practical performance of silicon based anode material.
The positive effect of the present invention: promotor is disproportionated by SiO and SiO is disproportionated the allotment of inhibitor, then by itself and SiO
Uniformly mixing, calcination process obtain.Silicon based anode material produced by the present invention compared with the existing technology, has disproportionation degree controllable
Property is higher, and Applicable temperature range is wider, is easy to mass production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the cyclic curve figure of the embodiment of the present invention 3 and prior art 2.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
The present invention passes through the disproportionation degree of control SiO, to reach the balance of its capacity and efficiency.Lithium ion battery of the invention
Silicon based anode material is disproportionated the allotment of promotor and inhibitor by SiO, then uniformly mixed it with SiO, calcination process obtains
It arrives.Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries produced by the present invention has disproportionation degree controllability higher, suitable relative to prior art
With temperature range it is wider, be easy to the technical effect of mass production.
Embodiment of the invention is as follows:
Embodiment 1
10gNaOH and 10g Si powder grinding 30min is uniformly mixed, is then added in the SiO of 1000g partial size 5um, in indifferent gas
In atmosphere, high speed ball milling is uniformly mixed, and then in Ar atmosphere, is warming up to 700 DEG C with 1 DEG C/min, is kept the temperature 1h, adopt after natural cooling
Depolymerization, which is carried out, with Mechanical Crushing mode obtains silicon based anode material.
Embodiment 2
10g phenolic resin and 5gMg powder are uniformly mixed and are added in 2L ethanol solution, then uniform stirring 0.5h is added
1000g partial size 2umSiO, high-speed stirred 1h, are subsequently transferred to carry out low temperature drying in baking oven.Then in N2In atmosphere, with 2 DEG C/
Min is warming up to 1050 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2h, carries out depolymerization using Mechanical Crushing mode after natural cooling and obtain silicon based anode material.
Embodiment 3
5gMg(OH), 8g silane coupling agent, 10g sucrose are added in 2L aqueous solution, then 1000g is added in uniform stirring 1h
Partial size 5umSiO, high-speed stirred 1h are subsequently transferred to be dried in baking oven.Then in Ar atmosphere, with 3 DEG C/min liter
Temperature keeps the temperature 3h, carries out depolymerization using Mechanical Crushing mode after natural cooling and obtain silicon based anode material to 950 DEG C.
Using embodiment 1-3 preparation lithium ion battery silicon based anode material, binder CMC+SBR(CMC:SBR=
4:6), conductive agent Super P is according to 93:4:3(mass ratio) ratio mixing, then be added deionized water adjust viscosity homogenate,
Then slurry is coated on copper foil, is dried in vacuo, tabletting is assembled into button cell.Button cell test equipment is Wuhan gold
The LAND battery test system of promise Electronics Co., Ltd. carries out charge-discharge test with 0.1C discharge rate, and charging/discharging voltage is
0.005-2V。
Following table 1 is the embodiment of the present invention and prior art electrochemical property test Comparative result table.
As can be seen from Table 1: being used in combination for promotor and inhibitor being disproportionated using SiO, the comprehensive performance of material has larger journey
The improvement of degree, wherein comparing (solid phase mixing comparison) from embodiment 1 and prior art 1, the capacity and efficiency of material have one
Fixed raising.Compare embodiment 3 and prior art 2(liquid phase mixing comparison), although material capacity slightly declines, head effect from
76% is promoted to 83.5%, hence it is evident that is promoted;The cyclic curve of the embodiment of the present invention 3 and prior art 2 is referring to attached drawing 1.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries, it is characterised in that: the disproportionation of SiO is handled, is logical
The allotment of SiO disproportionation promotor and SiO disproportionation inhibitor is crossed, to control SiO disproportionation degree;Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Preparation method the following steps are included:
Step 1: being disproportionated the allotment of promotor and SiO disproportionation inhibitor by SiO, additive A is obtained;
Step 2: SiO and additive A are uniformly mixed, mixed material B is obtained;
Step 3: mixed material B is carried out high-temperature process, roasting material C is obtained;
Step 4: roasting material C is classified, obtains Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries after screening process.
2. the preparation method of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
It is Li alkali, Na alkali, Mg alkali, Ca alkali, alkaline-earth metal and its oxide, carbonate or hydrogen-oxygen that SiO used in one, which is disproportionated promotor,
One or more of compound.
3. lithium ion battery according to claim 1 silicon based anode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: the step
It is siliceous or carbon material that SiO used in one, which is disproportionated inhibitor,.
4. lithium ion battery according to claim 3 silicon based anode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: described siliceous
Or the material of carbon includes silicon powder, siliceous organic matter, organic carbon source.
5. lithium ion battery according to claim 1 silicon based anode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: the step
SiO used in one is disproportionated promotor and the ratio of inhibitor controls the mass ratio between 0.01-10.
6. lithium ion battery according to claim 1 silicon based anode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: the step
Additive A dosage used in two is the 0.01%-20% of SiO dosage, mass ratio.
7. lithium ion battery according to claim 1 silicon based anode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: the step
The mode deployed in two is divided into solid phase mixing or liquid phase mixing;Solid phase mixing is mixed using high speed mixer, VC mixing machine or taper
Conjunction machine one of which equipment, is mixed;Liquid phase is mixed into using load weighted SiO and additive A being added to water or alcohol is molten
In liquid, uniform stirring is carried out, drying and processing is then carried out.
8. lithium ion battery according to claim 1 silicon based anode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: the step
High-temperature process in three, in N2, in Ar or CO inert atmosphere, be warming up to 300-1200 DEG C with 0.5-10 DEG C/min.
9. lithium ion battery according to claim 7 silicon based anode material preparation method, it is characterised in that: the step
High-temperature process in three is warming up to 700-1100 DEG C, constant temperature 0-10h.
10. a kind of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries, it is characterised in that: Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries is wanted using right
Preparation method defined by asking 1 is prepared.
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| CN201811167059.4A CN109301232A (en) | 2018-10-08 | 2018-10-08 | A kind of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries and preparation method |
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| CN201811167059.4A Pending CN109301232A (en) | 2018-10-08 | 2018-10-08 | A kind of Silicon Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries and preparation method |
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| CN110148730A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-20 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | A kind of silicon-based anode material with high first effect and long life and its preparation method and application |
| CN111883764A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-03 | 黄杰 | Preparation method of nano silicon and application of nano silicon prepared by preparation method |
| CN114975903A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2022-08-30 | Sk新能源株式会社 | Negative electrode active material for lithium secondary battery, negative electrode active material slurry containing same, and lithium secondary battery |
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