CN109306163A - 耐候聚乳酸及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种耐候聚乳酸及其制备方法，属于复合材料技术领域。解决了现有技术中聚乳酸耐候性差的技术问题。本发明的耐候聚乳酸，由100重量份聚乳酸、4‑8重量份聚醚醚酮、1‑3重量份硬脂酸锌、1‑2重量份柠檬酸三丁酯、1‑2重量份异氰尿酸三缩水甘油脂、2‑4重量份氧化镁陶瓷微粉、4‑5重量份聚乙烯醇、1‑2重量份碳纤维粉、5‑6重量份环氧大豆油、1‑3重量份增韧剂甲基丙烯酸甲酯‑丙烯酸酯共聚物、2‑3.5重量份二氧化硅、2‑3.5重量份硅烷偶联剂、‑21重量份抗氧剂、1‑2重量份紫外线吸收剂和1‑2重量份滑石粉组成。该耐候聚乳酸具有很好的力学性能和耐高低温性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料技术领域，具体涉及一种耐候聚乳酸及其制备方法。
背景技术
单个的乳酸分子中有一个羟基和一个羧基，多个乳酸分子在一起，一个乳酸分子的-OH与另一个乳酸分子的-COOH脱水缩合，形成了聚合物，即为聚乳酸。聚乳酸(化学式H-[OCHCH3CO]n-OH，简称PLA)具备生物降解性好、生物相容性好、光泽度好、透明性好、手感好等优点，用途十分广泛，可用作包装材料、纤维和非织造物等，主要用于服装(内衣、外衣)，产业(建筑、农业、林业、造纸)和医疗卫生等领域，聚乳酸易加工，可用多种方式进行加工，如挤压、纺丝、双轴拉伸、注射吹塑。
然而，作为一种结晶聚合物，聚乳酸的结晶速度非常慢，因此力学强度和刚度不够高，韧性差，在常温下是一种硬而脆的材料，且采用注射成型等普通加工方法制得的制品常呈非晶态，导致制品的耐热性受制于其低的玻璃化转变温度(55-60℃)，其热变形温度通常只有50-55℃左右，耐热性很差。这些都极大地限制了聚乳酸在对力学强度和耐热性要求较高场合的广泛应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决现有技术中聚乳酸的耐热性差的技术问题，提供一种耐候聚乳酸及其制备方法。
本发明解决上述技术问题采取的技术方案如下。
本发明的耐候聚乳酸，组成及重量份为：
优选的是，所述的聚乳酸的分子量为8万-22万。
优选的是，所述的增韧剂为甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物或甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物。
优选的是，所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH550、硅烷偶联剂KH560、硅烷偶联剂KH570或硅烷偶联剂KH792。
优选的是，所述抗氧剂为受阻胺类抗氧剂或受阻酚类抗氧剂；更优选的，所述抗氧剂为四(β-(3,5二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸)季戊四醇酯、(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八酯或β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸环己酯，如抗氧剂1010、1076、168、264、1098或B900。
优选的是，所述紫外线吸收剂为UV-531、UV-1130、UV-9或UV-329。
本发明还提供上述耐候聚乳酸的制备方法，是按组成及配比称取各原料，混合均匀后，加入双螺杆挤出机共混挤出造粒，得到耐候聚乳酸。
优选的是，所述双螺杆挤出机熔融温度为160-180℃。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：
本发明的耐候聚乳酸具有很好的力学性能和耐高低温性，经检测，拉伸强度为75-82MPa，断裂伸长率为126-149％，弯曲强度为65.8-75.6MPa，弯曲模量为2440-2711MPa，耐高温145-172℃，耐低温84-92℃。
本发明的耐候聚乳酸及其制备方法工艺简单，易于操作。
具体实施方式
为了进一步理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明优选实施方案进行描述，但是应当理解，这些描述只是为进一步说明本发明的特征和优点，而不是对本发明权利要求的限制。
实施例1
耐候聚乳酸，由100重量份聚乳酸(12万)、4重量份聚醚醚酮、1重量份硬脂酸锌、1重量份柠檬酸三丁酯、1重量份异氰尿酸三缩水甘油脂、2重量份氧化镁陶瓷微粉、4重量份聚乙烯醇、1重量份碳纤维粉、5重量份环氧大豆油、1重量份增韧剂甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、2重量份二氧化硅、2重量份硅烷偶联剂KH550、1重量份抗氧剂1010、1重量份紫外线吸收剂UV-9和1重量份滑石粉组成。
上述耐候聚乳酸的制备方法，是按组成及配比称取各原料，混合均匀后，加入双螺杆挤出机共混挤出造粒，得到耐候聚乳酸，双螺杆挤出机熔融温度为160-180℃。
实施例2
耐候聚乳酸，由100重量份聚乳酸(16万)、8重量份聚醚醚酮、3重量份硬脂酸锌、2重量份柠檬酸三丁酯、2重量份异氰尿酸三缩水甘油脂、4重量份氧化镁陶瓷微粉、5重量份聚乙烯醇、2重量份碳纤维粉、6重量份环氧大豆油、3重量份增韧剂甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、3.5重量份二氧化硅、3.5重量份硅烷偶联剂KH550、2重量份抗氧剂1010、2重量份紫外线吸收剂UV-9和2重量份滑石粉组成。
上述耐候聚乳酸的制备方法，是按组成及配比称取各原料，混合均匀后，加入双螺杆挤出机共混挤出造粒，得到耐候聚乳酸，双螺杆挤出机熔融温度为160-180℃。
实施例3
耐候聚乳酸，由100重量份聚乳酸(22万)、5重量份聚醚醚酮、2重量份硬脂酸锌、1.5重量份柠檬酸三丁酯、1重量份异氰尿酸三缩水甘油脂、3重量份氧化镁陶瓷微粉、4.5重量份聚乙烯醇、2重量份碳纤维粉、5.5重量份环氧大豆油、2重量份增韧剂甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、3重量份二氧化硅、3重量份硅烷偶联剂KH550、2重量份抗氧剂1010、1重量份紫外线吸收剂UV-9和1.5重量份滑石粉组成。
上述耐候聚乳酸的制备方法，是按组成及配比称取各原料，混合均匀后，加入双螺杆挤出机共混挤出造粒，得到耐候聚乳酸，双螺杆挤出机熔融温度为160-180℃。
对实施例1-3得到的耐候聚乳酸的性能进行检测，检测结果如表1所示。依据GB/T1040.2-2006检测拉伸性能，依据GB/T9304-2008检测弯曲性能，热变形温度的测试方法为ISO 75-2-B，检测结果如表1所示。
表1 实施例1-3的耐候聚乳酸的性能表征
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (9)
1.耐候聚乳酸，其特征在于，组成及重量份为：
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐候聚乳酸，其特征在于，所述的聚乳酸的分子量为8万-22万。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐候聚乳酸，其特征在于，所述的增韧剂为甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物或甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐候聚乳酸，其特征在于，所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH550、硅烷偶联剂KH560、硅烷偶联剂KH570或硅烷偶联剂KH792。
5.根据权利要求1所述的耐候聚乳酸，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂为受阻胺类抗氧剂或受阻酚类抗氧剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的耐候聚乳酸，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂为四(β-(3,5二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸)季戊四醇酯、(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八酯或β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸环己酯。
7.根据权利要求1所述的耐候聚乳酸，其特征在于，所述紫外线吸收剂为UV-531、UV-1130、UV-9或UV-329。
8.权利要求1-7任何一项所述的耐候聚乳酸的制备方法，其特征在于，是按组成及配比称取各原料，混合均匀后，加入双螺杆挤出机共混挤出造粒，得到耐候聚乳酸。
9.根据权利要求8所述的耐候聚乳酸的制备方法，其特征在于，所述双螺杆挤出机熔融温度为160-180℃。
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| CN102558798A (zh) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-11 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | 一种车用聚乳酸复合材料及其制备方法 |
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