CN109286845B - P2P on-demand system and method - Google Patents
P2P on-demand system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109286845B CN109286845B CN201710600410.3A CN201710600410A CN109286845B CN 109286845 B CN109286845 B CN 109286845B CN 201710600410 A CN201710600410 A CN 201710600410A CN 109286845 B CN109286845 B CN 109286845B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/47—End-user applications
- H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
- H04N21/47202—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for requesting content on demand, e.g. video on demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/85—Assembly of content; Generation of multimedia applications
- H04N21/858—Linking data to content, e.g. by linking an URL to a video object, by creating a hotspot
- H04N21/8586—Linking data to content, e.g. by linking an URL to a video object, by creating a hotspot by using a URL
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Abstract
The invention discloses a P2P on-demand system and a method thereof, wherein the system comprises an edge server, a directory server, a push server and a play node; the directory server is used for storing video parameters corresponding to each video, and the video parameters comprise an erasure code threshold value, the number of bytes of a coding segment and url; the push server is used for acquiring video data from the edge server and cutting the video data into a plurality of data blocks, encoding each data block into N encoding segments by adopting [ N, k ] erasure codes, wherein k is an erasure code threshold value, the byte number of each encoding segment is an encoding segment byte number, the play node is used for receiving a request on demand, the request on demand comprises a url of a video, acquiring video parameters corresponding to the video from the directory server by using the url, acquiring the encoding segments from the push server and decoding the encoding segments by using the erasure code threshold value and the byte number of the encoding segments and then playing the encoding segments. The invention has simple realization mode, low cost, less occupied bandwidth resources and improved broadcasting starting speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of video on demand, in particular to a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) on demand system and a method thereof, which are realized based on CDN (content delivery network) infrastructure.
Background
The CDN is called a Content Delivery Network, i.e., a Content Delivery Network. The basic idea is to avoid bottlenecks and links possibly influencing data transmission speed and stability on the Internet as far as possible, so that content transmission is faster and more stable. By placing node servers at various positions of the network to form a layer of intelligent virtual network on the basis of the existing internet, the CDN system can redirect the request of a user to a service node closest to the user in real time according to network flow, connection of each node, load condition, distance to the user, response time and other comprehensive information. The method aims to enable the user to obtain the required content nearby, solve the problem of internet network congestion and improve the response speed of the user for accessing the website.
In the prior art, a number of implementation modes of combining a P2P live broadcast system with CDN infrastructure exist, but the existing P2P on-demand system is complex in implementation mode, the existing CDN infrastructure is not effectively utilized, and therefore the implementation cost is high, and in addition, the existing implementation mode has the problems of more occupied bandwidth resources and low start-up speed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of complex implementation mode, higher implementation cost, more occupied bandwidth resources and slower start-up speed of a P2P on-demand system in the prior art, and provide a P2P on-demand system and a method which are implemented based on the traditional CDN infrastructure and can efficiently utilize unreliable nodes to perform P2P transmission, thereby reducing the implementation cost and saving the bandwidth resources.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a P2P on-demand system, which comprises an edge server and is characterized in that the P2P on-demand system also comprises a directory server, a push server and a play node; the directory server is used for storing video parameters corresponding to each video, and the video parameters comprise erasure code threshold values, the number of bytes of coded segments and url (uniform resource locator); the push server is used for acquiring video data from the edge server, cutting the video data into a plurality of data blocks, and encoding each data block into N encoding segments by adopting [ N, k ] erasure code, wherein k is the erasure code threshold value, and the byte number of each encoding segment is the byte number of the encoding segment; the playing node is used for receiving an on-demand request, the on-demand request comprises a url of a video, and the playing node is further used for acquiring the video parameter corresponding to the video from the directory server by using the url; the playing node is further configured to acquire the encoded segment from the push server and play the encoded segment after decoding the acquired encoded segment by using the erasure code threshold and the number of bytes of the encoded segment.
In the scheme, the video parameters of each video can be stored in the directory server in a group form, and the playing node can acquire the erasure code threshold and the number of bytes of the coded segment of the video to be played in the directory server through the url of the video to be played.
In the scheme, different videos can adopt different code rates to set different video parameters, but the erasure code threshold values and the number of bytes of the coded segments of different blocks of the same video are the same, so that the playing node only needs to obtain the erasure code threshold values and the number of bytes of the coded segments once when starting playing, and the erasure code threshold values and the number of bytes of the coded segments obtained when starting playing can be directly used for decoding the subsequent video playing, thereby effectively saving bandwidth resources.
In the scheme, the traditional CDN infrastructure is utilized, the improvement on the edge server is not needed, and the P2P on-demand can be realized only by introducing the directory server and the push server for storing the video parameters. According to the scheme, the video parameters are stored independently of the coding segments, so that the bandwidth pressure of the push server is favorably relieved. The scheme effectively utilizes the existing CDN infrastructure, and has simple implementation mode and lower implementation cost.
Preferably, the P2P on-demand system further comprises a node list server and a seed node; the seed node is used for caching the coding segments acquired from the push server; the node list server is used for storing a list of the seed nodes corresponding to each video; the playing node is further used for acquiring the list of the seed nodes from the node list server according to the video parameters; and accessing the seed node according to the list to acquire the coding segment.
In this scheme, the P2P on-demand system further includes a seed node, which may be another play node, that is, a peer end in P2P, and caches the played encoded segment, so that the subsequent other play nodes can obtain the required encoded segment when playing.
In this scheme, the P2P video-on-demand system further includes a node list server, where the node list server is configured to store a list of seed nodes corresponding to each video, and the play node can access the corresponding seed nodes according to the list to obtain the required encoded segments. According to the scheme, the access pressure of the pushing server can be relieved through the seed nodes, the on-demand speed is increased, and the user experience is further improved.
Preferably, the video parameters further include a video identifier, and the play node is further configured to obtain the video identifier corresponding to the video from the directory server by using the url, and obtain the list of the seed nodes from the node list server by using the video identifier.
In the scheme, the video identification is used for uniquely identifying the video to be played.
In the scheme, the video parameters of each video also comprise video identifiers, the video identifiers and other video parameters can be stored in the directory server in a group mode, and the playing node can acquire the video identifiers of the videos to be played in the directory server through the url of the videos to be played. The list of the seed node corresponding to each video in the node list server also includes the video identifier, so that the playing node can acquire the list of the seed nodes of the videos to be played from the node list server by using the video identifier acquired from the directory server.
Preferably, the directory server and the node list server are one server.
Preferably, the playing node is further configured to obtain the video data with a plurality of lengths from the edge server for playing before obtaining the video parameters.
In the scheme, after receiving the on-demand request, the playing node acquires the video parameters of the video to be played from the directory server and simultaneously accesses the edge server in parallel to acquire the original video data of the first blocks of the video to be played. And after the playing parameters are acquired, the playing node acquires the coded segments from the push server and the seed node and plays the coded segments after decoding.
The invention also provides a P2P video-on-demand method, which is characterized in that the P2P video-on-demand method is realized based on the P2P video-on-demand system, and comprises the following steps: s1, the playing node receives the request for requesting; s2, the playing node accesses the directory server according to the url in the on-demand request to obtain the video parameter corresponding to the video; s3, the playing node acquires the coding segment from the push server; s4, the playing node uses the erasure code threshold value and the number of bytes of the coding segment in the video parameter to decode the obtained coding segment and then play the coding segment.
Preferably, the P2P on-demand system further includes a node list server and a seed node, where the seed node is configured to cache the encoded segments obtained from the push server, and the node list server is configured to store a list of the seed nodes corresponding to each video; the following steps are also included between step S2 and step S3: t1, the playing node acquires the list of the seed nodes from the node list server according to the video parameters; and T2, the playing node accesses the seed node according to the list to obtain the coding segment.
Preferably, the video parameters further comprise a video identifier; step T1 includes the following steps: t101, the playing node acquires the video identification corresponding to the video from the directory server by using the url; and T102, the playing node acquires the list of the seed nodes from the node list server by using the video identification.
Preferably, the directory server and the node list server are one server.
Preferably, the following steps are further included between steps S1 and S3: s2', the playing node obtains the video data with a plurality of lengths from the edge server for playing before obtaining the video parameters.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: the P2P on-demand system and the method provided by the invention realize the high-efficiency utilization of unreliable nodes in the CDN to carry out P2P transmission based on the traditional CDN infrastructure, save the bandwidth cost and accelerate the video start-up speed; and simultaneously, providing additional video parameters through the directory server to support the playing node to play. By the method, different video parameters can be set for videos with different code rates, and the playing node only needs to acquire the video parameters once when starting playing, and does not need to acquire the video parameters again in the video playing process. The invention has simple implementation mode, reduces the implementation cost, occupies less bandwidth resources and improves the broadcasting starting speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a P2P on-demand system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a P2P on-demand method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the P2P on-demand system of the present invention includes an edge server 1, a directory server 2, a push server 3, a node list server 4, a play node 5, and four seed nodes 6.
The directory server 2 is configured to store video parameters corresponding to each video, where the video parameters include an erasure code threshold, a number of bytes of a coded segment, a video identifier, and a url. The video parameters of each video are stored in a group form, so that the erasure code threshold value and the number of the coded segment bytes corresponding to the video can be searched according to the video identification or url in the video.
The push server 3 is configured to obtain original video data from the edge server 1, divide the original video data into a plurality of data chunks (chunks) with the same size, and encode each chunk into N encoded segments through [ N, k ] erasure coding, where k is an erasure coding threshold and the number of bytes of each encoded segment is the number of bytes of the encoded segment. Generating decoding parameters in the encoding process: the erasure code threshold value k and the number of bytes of the coding segments are adopted, and the corresponding chunk can be obtained by decoding only k coding segments in the N coding segments by adopting the two parameters.
In this embodiment, different videos may use different code rates to set different video parameters, but the erasure code threshold and the number of bytes of the coded segment of different blocks of the same video are the same, so that the playing node 5 can complete the decoding and playing of the whole video by acquiring the erasure code threshold and the number of bytes of the coded segment only once for one video, thereby effectively reducing the network access amount.
The seed node 6 is used for caching the coding segments acquired from the push server 3.
The node list server 4 is used for storing a list of seed nodes 6 corresponding to each video.
The playback node 5 is arranged to receive an on-demand request comprising a url of a video.
The playing node 5 is further configured to obtain the video parameter corresponding to the video to be played from the directory server 2 by using the url.
The play node 5 is further configured to obtain, from the directory server 2, a video identifier corresponding to a video to be played by using the url, and obtain, from the node list server 4, a list of seed nodes by using the video identifier.
The play node 5 is further configured to access the seed node 6 according to the obtained list to obtain the encoded segments, and may also obtain the encoded segments from the push server 3.
The playing node 5 is further configured to decode the acquired encoded segments and play the encoded segments after using the erasure code threshold and the number of bytes of the encoded segments.
The playing node 5 is also used for obtaining the original video data with a plurality of lengths from the edge server 1 for playing before obtaining the video parameters.
In this embodiment, the directory server 2 and the node list server 4 may be combined into one server when used.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides a P2P on-demand method, which is implemented based on the P2P on-demand system shown in fig. 1, and the P2P on-demand method includes the following steps:
s101, a push server 3 acquires original video data from an edge server 1, cuts the original video data into a plurality of data blocks, and encodes each data block into N encoding segments through [ N, k ] erasure codes, wherein k is an erasure code threshold value, and the byte number of each encoding segment is the byte number of the encoding segment;
s102, the playing node 5 receives the request for requesting;
s103, the playing node 5 accesses the directory server 2 according to the url in the on-demand request to acquire the video parameters corresponding to the video to be played, wherein the video parameters comprise an erasure code threshold, the number of bytes of a coded segment, a video identifier and the url, and the video data with a plurality of lengths are acquired from the edge server 1 for playing before the video parameters are acquired;
s104, the playing node 5 uses the video identifier to obtain a list of seed nodes for storing the coded segments of the video to be played from the node list server 4;
s105, the playing node 5 accesses the corresponding seed node 6 according to the list to obtain the coding segment;
s106, the playing node 5 decodes the acquired coded segment by using the erasure code threshold value and the byte number of the coded segment in the acquired video parameters, and then plays the coded segment.
In this embodiment, when there is no coding segment required by the play node 5 in the seed node 6, the play node 5 further obtains the required coding segment from the push server 3.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A P2P on-demand system comprises an edge server, and is characterized in that the P2P on-demand system also comprises a directory server, a push server and a play node;
the directory server is used for storing video parameters corresponding to each video, and the video parameters comprise erasure code threshold values, the number of bytes of coded segments and url;
the push server is used for acquiring video data from the edge server and cutting the video data into a plurality of data blocks, and encoding each data block into N encoding segments by adopting [ N, k ] erasure codes, wherein k is the erasure code threshold, the byte number of each encoding segment is the byte number of the encoding segment, and the erasure code threshold and the byte number of the encoding segment of different blocks of the same video are the same;
the playing node is used for receiving an on-demand request, the on-demand request comprises a url of a video, and the playing node is further used for acquiring the video parameter corresponding to the video from the directory server by using the url; the playing node is further configured to acquire the encoded segment from the push server and play the encoded segment after decoding the acquired encoded segment by using the erasure code threshold and the number of bytes of the encoded segment.
2. The P2P on-demand system of claim 1, wherein the P2P on-demand system further comprises a node list server and a seed node;
the seed node is used for caching the coding segments acquired from the push server;
the node list server is used for storing a list of the seed nodes corresponding to each video;
the playing node is further used for acquiring the list of the seed nodes from the node list server according to the video parameters; and accessing the seed node according to the list to acquire the coding segment.
3. The P2P on-demand system of claim 2, wherein the video parameters further include a video identifier, the play node is further configured to use the url to obtain the video identifier corresponding to the video from the directory server, and use the video identifier to obtain the list of seed nodes from the node list server.
4. The P2P on-demand system of claim 2, wherein the directory server and the node list server are one server.
5. The P2P on-demand system according to any claim 1 to 4, wherein the playback node is further configured to obtain a number of lengths of the video data from the edge server for playback before obtaining the video parameters.
6. A P2P on-demand method, implemented based on the P2P on-demand system of claim 1, wherein the P2P on-demand method comprises the following steps:
s1, the playing node receives the request for requesting;
s2, the playing node accesses the directory server according to the url in the on-demand request to obtain the video parameter corresponding to the video;
s3, the playing node acquires the coding segment from the push server;
s4, the playing node uses the erasure code threshold value and the number of bytes of the coding segment in the video parameter to decode the obtained coding segment and then play the coding segment.
7. The P2P on-demand method according to claim 6, wherein the P2P on-demand system further comprises a node list server and a seed node, the seed node is used for caching the coded segments obtained from the push server, the node list server is used for storing a list of the seed nodes corresponding to each video;
the following steps are also included between step S2 and step S3:
t1, the playing node acquires the list of the seed nodes from the node list server according to the video parameters;
and T2, the playing node accesses the seed node according to the list to obtain the coding segment.
8. The P2P on-demand method of claim 7, wherein the video parameters further include a video identification;
step T1 includes the following steps:
t101, the playing node acquires the video identification corresponding to the video from the directory server by using the url;
and T102, the playing node acquires the list of the seed nodes from the node list server by using the video identification.
9. The P2P on-demand method as set forth in claim 7, wherein the directory server and the node list server are one server.
10. A P2P on-demand method as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9, further comprising the steps between steps S1 and S3 of:
s2', the playing node obtains the video data with a plurality of lengths from the edge server for playing before obtaining the video parameters.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1758646A (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-04-12 | 微软公司 | System and method for receiver-driven streaming in a peer-to-peer network |
| CN101305612A (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2008-11-12 | 诺基亚西门子通信有限责任两合公司 | Multi-source and resilient on-demand video streaming system for peer-to-peer subscriber cells |
| EP2088731A1 (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2009-08-12 | Huawei Technologies Co Ltd | Network communication data processing method, network communication system and client end |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1758646A (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-04-12 | 微软公司 | System and method for receiver-driven streaming in a peer-to-peer network |
| CN101305612A (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2008-11-12 | 诺基亚西门子通信有限责任两合公司 | Multi-source and resilient on-demand video streaming system for peer-to-peer subscriber cells |
| EP2088731A1 (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2009-08-12 | Huawei Technologies Co Ltd | Network communication data processing method, network communication system and client end |
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