CN109274605B - A Synchronous Transmission Method Applicable to Packet-Switched Networks - Google Patents
A Synchronous Transmission Method Applicable to Packet-Switched Networks Download PDFInfo
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- CN109274605B CN109274605B CN201710584997.3A CN201710584997A CN109274605B CN 109274605 B CN109274605 B CN 109274605B CN 201710584997 A CN201710584997 A CN 201710584997A CN 109274605 B CN109274605 B CN 109274605B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
- H04L47/56—Queue scheduling implementing delay-aware scheduling
- H04L47/562—Attaching a time tag to queues
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/22—Traffic shaping
- H04L47/225—Determination of shaping rate, e.g. using a moving window
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
- H04L47/2441—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS relying on flow classification, e.g. using integrated services [IntServ]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/90—Buffering arrangements
- H04L49/9057—Arrangements for supporting packet reassembly or resequencing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
- H04J3/0658—Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
- H04L47/72—Admission control; Resource allocation using reservation actions during connection setup
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种适用于分组交换网络的同步传输方法，所述方法基于同步传输域实现，所述同步传输域包含两种交换设备：边缘交换机和中间交换机，所述边缘交换机分为入口交换机和出口交换机；所述方法包括：步骤1)对同步传输域中各交换节点进行时钟同步；步骤2)业务流由所述入口交换机进入同步传输域，所述入口交换机对该业务流进行流分类、流限速、包分片或拼接，然后按同步传输方式将数据包转发出去；步骤3)所述中间交换机收到数据包的传输同步信号包后，按同步传输方式将包转发出去；步骤4)数据包进入所述出口交换机，出口交换机对数据包进行包拼接或分片，恢复成原数据包，并为原数据包添加外网包头，然后通过端口转发出去。
The invention discloses a synchronous transmission method suitable for packet switching networks. The method is implemented based on a synchronous transmission domain. The synchronous transmission domain includes two switching devices: edge switches and intermediate switches. The edge switches are divided into ingress switches. and an egress switch; the method includes: step 1) synchronizing the clocks of each switching node in the synchronous transport domain; step 2) the service flow enters the synchronous transport domain from the ingress switch, and the ingress switch performs flow classification on the service flow , flow rate limiting, packet fragmentation or splicing, and then forward the data packet according to the synchronous transmission mode; step 3) after the intermediate switch receives the transmission synchronization signal packet of the data packet, it forwards the packet according to the synchronous transmission mode; step 4) The data packet enters the egress switch, the egress switch performs packet splicing or fragmentation on the data packet, restores it to the original data packet, adds an external network header to the original data packet, and then forwards it out through the port.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of network communication, in particular to a synchronous transmission method suitable for a packet switching network.
Background
With the rapid development of the Internet, multimedia services are gradually transferred to the Internet, high-definition network set top boxes, live video, and the influx of various real-time service flows, which put higher demands on network service quality.
Packet switching uses statistical multiplexing, i.e. multiple session connections can share a communication channel, which undoubtedly greatly improves transmission efficiency. The packet switching network is mature in technology and complete in regulation, is widely applied to various countries in the world, and is the global Internet.
DTM (dynamic synchronous transfer mode) is a new network transmission technology, and well meets the transmission requirements of multimedia services. DTM is a form of circuit switching over a fiber optic network using TDM (time division multiplexing) to dynamically reallocate available bandwidth to users requiring bandwidth. The method can meet the transmission requirement of multimedia services, and can converge the traditional voice and Internet services to a unified platform through optical fibers. However, synchronous transmission equipment is expensive, complex to deploy, and costly. On the other hand, the DTM adopts circuit switching, which has strong real-time performance and small transmission delay, but the circuit switching channel is monopolized by both communication parties, and even if the communication line is idle, the circuit switching channel cannot be used by other users, so that the channel utilization rate is low and the delay is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of low channel utilization rate and high time delay of the current dynamic synchronous transmission mode and provides a synchronous transmission method suitable for a packet switching network. The method maps bandwidth resources into time slot resources, and then allocates the time slot resources to corresponding service flows, and through the resource allocation mode, the services are ensured not to seize bandwidth and are isolated from each other; in the transmission process, the clocks of all nodes are required to be kept synchronous, all nodes send packets according to periods, each period sends a frame of data, and all nodes keep the same packet sending beat, so that the transmission guarantee of low time delay and low jitter is realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a synchronous transmission method suitable for a packet switching network, where the method is implemented based on a synchronous transmission domain, and the synchronous transmission domain includes two switching devices: the edge switch is divided into an inlet switch and an outlet switch; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1) carrying out clock synchronization on each switching node in a synchronous transmission domain;
step 2) the service flow enters a synchronous transmission domain from the entrance switch, the entrance switch carries out flow classification, flow speed limitation, packet fragmentation or splicing on the service flow, and then the data packet is forwarded out according to a synchronous transmission mode;
step 3) after the intermediate switch receives the transmission synchronous signal packet of the data packet, the packet is forwarded out according to the synchronous transmission mode;
and 4) enabling the data packet to enter the outlet switch, performing packet splicing or fragmentation on the data packet by the outlet switch, recovering the data packet into an original data packet, adding an external network packet header to the original data packet, and then forwarding the data packet through a port.
As an improvement of the above method, the step 2) specifically includes:
step 2-1) marking up-flow labels for different service flows according to flow classification rules;
step 2-2) knowing the reserved bandwidth BW of the flow according to the label, limiting the flow to the bandwidth BW, and losing packets if the flow exceeds the bandwidth BW;
step 2-3) judging the length of the data packet; processing the data packets to make the length of each data packet be X;
if the length of the data packet is smaller than X, splicing the small packets; if the length of the data packet is larger than X, the big packet is sliced;
step 2-4) submitting the data packet to the belonging flow queue according to the flow label;
and 2-5) forwarding the data packet according to a synchronous transmission mode.
As an improvement of the above method, the data of the synchronous transmission mode is defined as: the transmission unit is a frame, one frame of data comprises N packets, and each frame of data comprises a transmission synchronization signal packet; one period T transmits one frame of data, one period is divided into N time slots, the length of each time slot is T, T is T/N, and each time slot transmits one packet; the transmission synchronization signal packet occupies the first time slot in the frame; the process of the synchronous transmission mode comprises the following steps:
a) each time slot corresponds to an output queue;
b) after receiving a data packet, searching a time slot according to a flow label in the data packet, and submitting the packet to an output queue of a corresponding time slot;
c) a first time slot sends a transmission synchronization signal packet;
d) taking out packets from the corresponding time slot queue according to time slots and sending the packets; if the time slot queue has a packet, directly sending the packet, and then waiting for the next time slot to arrive and turning to e); if the time slot queue has no packet, waiting for the next time slot to arrive, and switching to e);
e) if the last time slot is the Nth time slot, the frame data transmission is finished, otherwise, the step d) is carried out.
As an improvement of the above method, the step 3) specifically includes:
step 3-1), the service flow enters an intermediate exchanger and is cached in a flow queue according to a flow label;
step 3-2) after receiving the transmission synchronizing signal of the data packet, taking the packet from the flow queue according to the time slot and sending the packet;
as an improvement of the above method, the step 4) specifically includes:
step 4-1) detecting the data packet;
step 4-2), if the data packet is subjected to splicing operation, executing step 4-3); if the data packet is subjected to the slicing operation, executing the step 4-4); otherwise, turning to the step 4-5);
step 4-3) fragmenting the data packet, recovering the original data packet, and executing step 4-5);
step 4-4) splicing the data packets, recovering the original data packets, and executing step 4-5);
step 4-5), a flow label is knocked off, and step 4-6) is executed;
and 4-6) adding an outer network packet header to the data packet, and forwarding the data packet from the corresponding port.
The invention has the advantages that: the method of the invention realizes synchronous transmission on the packet switching network, thereby realizing transmission quality guarantee with low jitter and low time delay and reducing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating synchronous transmission domains defined in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a transmitted packet structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a transmitted frame structure according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of the synchronous transmission method applicable to the packet switching network according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
First, the concept of the synchronous transmission domain is introduced, the low-delay and low-jitter transmission guarantee realized by the method of the present invention is only in the synchronous transmission domain, the synchronous transmission domain is as shown in the attached figure 1, and the synchronous transmission domain mainly comprises two switching devices: edge Switches (ES) and intermediate switches (CS). The edge switches in the synchronous transmission domain are mainly divided into ingress switches and egress switches, wherein the ingress switches mainly function as follows:
1. and (3) flow classification: and classifying various incoming service flows and marking corresponding flow labels.
2. Flow rate limiting: and knowing the reserved bandwidth BW of the flow according to the label, limiting the reserved speed to the bandwidth BW, and losing the packet if the reserved speed exceeds the bandwidth BW.
3. Wrapping and slicing (splicing): each time slot transmits a packet with a fixed length X, so that a large packet is fragmented and a small packet is spliced.
4. And forwarding according to time slots. One period T contains N time slots, each time slot is allocated to a corresponding service flow, and packets are taken from a flow queue and forwarded according to the time slots.
The egress switch functions mainly as follows:
1. wrapping and slicing (splicing): when the packet leaves the synchronous transmission domain, the packet needs to be recovered and spliced (split) into an original packet structure.
2. The flow label is punched off.
3. Packaging: and encapsulating the outer network protocol header.
The intermediate switch in the synchronous transmission domain mainly has the following functions:
1. and (3) transmission synchronization: after receiving the synchronous signal, the synchronous signal is forwarded according to the time slot.
2. And forwarding according to time slots.
A cycle T of synchronous transmission contains N time slots, each time slot is T, T is T/N, sends out the packet according to the time slot, mainly include the following steps:
a) one output queue for each time slot
b) After receiving the data packet, searching the time slot according to the flow label in the data packet, and submitting the packet to the output queue of the corresponding time slot
c) Transmitting SOF signal packets in a first time slot;
d) then, the packet is taken out from the corresponding time slot queue according to the time slot and sent;
e) if the time slot queue has a packet, the packet is directly sent, and then the next time slot is waited to arrive;
f) if the time slot queue has no packet, waiting for the next time slot to arrive;
in the synchronous transmission domain, a synchronous transmission protocol is adopted for packet exchange. The synchronous transmission protocol requires to mark corresponding flow labels for different service flows, and the node exchange takes the labels as the only routing basis. The synchronous transmission protocol transmission unit is a frame, one period T transmits one frame of data, one period is divided into N slots, each slot transmits one packet, and one frame of data includes N packets.
The structure of the synchronous transmission packet is shown in fig. 2, each time slot requires to transmit a data packet with fixed length X; the synchronous transmission frame structure is shown in fig. 3, and the data frame structure is a logical frame structure. A SOF sync signal packet is started in the logical frame structure, and then a data packet is transmitted every slot, and a packet of one cycle is transmitted to constitute a logical frame data.
Each frame Of data contains a SOF signal packet, SOF (start Of frame) is a transmission synchronization signal packet, and SOF occupies the first time slot in the frame. After receiving the SOF signal, the node in the synchronous transmission domain represents that a frame of data starts to enter, and the node starts to forward according to the time slot.
In summary, as shown in fig. 4, a synchronous transmission method for a packet-switched network includes the following steps:
step 1) carrying out clock synchronization on each switching node in a synchronous transmission domain;
step 2) the service flow enters the synchronous transmission domain from the entrance switch, and the entrance switch processes the service flow, which specifically comprises:
step 2-1) marking up-flow labels for different service flows according to flow classification rules;
step 2-2) according to the label, the reserved bandwidth BW of the flow can be known, the reserved speed is limited to the bandwidth BW, and if the reserved speed exceeds the bandwidth BW, packet loss is carried out;
step 2-3) judging the length of the data packet; processing the data packets to make the length of each data packet be X;
if the length of the data packet is smaller than X, splicing the small packets; if the length of the data packet is larger than X, the big packet is sliced;
step 2-4) submitting the data packet to the belonging flow queue;
step 2-5) sending packets according to a period T, and sending packets according to time slots in each period;
step 3), the intermediate switch receives the SOF, and the intermediate switch processes the service flow, which specifically includes:
step 3-1), the service flow enters an intermediate exchanger and is cached in a flow queue according to a flow label;
step 3-2) after receiving the SOF signal of the data packet, getting the packet from the stream queue according to the time slot and sending the packet;
step 4), the service flow enters an exit switch, and the exit switch processes the service flow, which specifically comprises:
step 4-1) detecting the data packet;
step 4-2) if the data packet is subjected to splicing (slicing) operation, executing step 4-3); if the data packet is not subjected to splicing (slicing) operation, executing the step 4-4);
step 4-3), slicing (splicing) the data packet, recovering the original data packet, and executing the step 4-5);
step 4-4) printing off the flow label, and executing step 4-5);
step 4-5) adding an outer network packet header to the data packet;
and 4-6) forwarding the data from the corresponding port.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
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| CN103685033A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-03-26 | 武汉邮电科学研究院 | General flow table and method for supporting packet switching and circuit switching in SDN framework |
| CN105871745A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-17 | 浪潮集团有限公司 | Mixed-service-based dispatching method in SDN network |
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| EP1387527A1 (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2004-02-04 | Agilent Technologies Inc. | Identifying network routers and paths |
| US7764688B2 (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2010-07-27 | Nortel Networks Limited | Ethernet differentiated services |
| CN1294728C (en) * | 2004-08-05 | 2007-01-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and system for providing QoS assurance in edge router |
| CN101212424B (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2011-03-23 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Ethernet switching method and device incorporating circuit switching and packet switching |
| CN104618265B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2018-03-13 | 华为技术有限公司 | A message forwarding method and device |
| CN106850466B (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2019-12-20 | 电子科技大学 | Method and device for forwarding data packet in time-triggered network |
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| CN105871745A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-17 | 浪潮集团有限公司 | Mixed-service-based dispatching method in SDN network |
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