CN109223256B

CN109223256B - Pad test mold for knee unicondylar replacement surgery and how to use it

Info

Publication number: CN109223256B
Application number: CN201811337175.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张长成; 刘瑜; 孙子路; 刘舒; 王峰
Original assignee: Nanyang City Center Hospital
Current assignee: Nanyang City Center Hospital
Priority date: 2018-11-02
Filing date: 2018-11-02
Publication date: 2024-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-02
Also published as: CN109223256A

Abstract

The invention provides a pad test mold for knee joint unicondylar replacement operation and a matched using method, which are used for solving the problem that the pad test mold in the prior art is easy to damage peripheral ligaments and fascia. In the invention, the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected with the handle and the test die unit, the test die unit comprises an elastic sheet which automatically adjusts the thickness and gives an alarm, and the test die unit is in threaded connection with the handle; the surface of the test die unit comprises a hard chassis surface and a prismatic surface made of flexible materials, the edge of the prismatic is provided with a support, the elastic sheet is positioned in the prismatic internal cavity, and positioning clamping grooves are formed in two sides of the elastic sheet. The advantages are that: the potential safety hazard possibly caused when the pad test mould forgets to pull out is avoided, the material is light, the use is convenient, and the medical staff can observe and obtain the result conveniently.

Description

Pad test mold for knee joint unicondylar replacement operation and matched using method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical operation equipment, in particular to a pad test mold for knee joint unicondylar replacement operation and a matched using method.

Background

The knee joint is divided into three compartments, namely a medial compartment, a lateral compartment and a patellofemoral compartment. Knee degenerative arthritis can affect either compartment, with 1/3 of the knee arthritic patients' early lesions limited to only one compartment. The current surgical methods for treating unicompartmental arthritis include unicondylar joint replacement, tibial plateau osteotomy and total knee replacement. The high-level tibia osteotomy is mainly used as a transitional treatment formula for replacing the knee joint, has the defects of incomplete symptom relief and short curative effect maintenance, and is less used in older people. Single condyle arthroplasty has been receiving increasing attention due to prosthetic designs, case selection, and surgical improvements.

Researchers find that in the current technology, because of more operation steps, the medical staff consumes much energy, passive damage to patients occurs in the operation process, specifically, the measurement of the interval between the femur and the tibia is not completed once, most of the time is two or more, in the process, the reciprocating in-out of the test mould and the damage to related ligaments are easily caused, especially, the process of debugging is often accompanied by the taking out of the test mould, and when the medical staff forgets to take out the steps, the damage is irreversible.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves a plurality of inconveniences in the current stage, and provides the pad test die which has high automation degree and prevents the ligament from being damaged in the operation.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

the pad test die for knee joint unicondylar replacement surgery is designed, two ends of a connecting rod are respectively connected with a handle and a test die unit, the test die unit comprises an elastic sheet which automatically adjusts the thickness and gives an alarm, and the test die unit is in threaded connection with the handles; the surface of the test die unit comprises a hard chassis surface and a prismatic surface made of flexible materials, the edge of the prismatic is provided with a support, the elastic sheet is positioned in the prismatic internal cavity, and positioning clamping grooves are formed in two sides of the elastic sheet.

Preferably, the width of the elastic sheet corresponds to the width of the inner cavity so as to divide the inner cavity and the outer cavity, and a one-way valve is arranged between the inner cavity and the outer cavity to prevent the backflow of the outer cavity.

Or still include liquid formula survey bypass, liquid formula survey bypass includes sealed liquid storage pot, liquid storage pot connects feed liquor pipeline and drain pipe way, the other end of feed liquor pipeline with inside liquid chamber is linked together, the other end of drain pipe way with outside liquid chamber is linked together still be equipped with flow measurement component on the drain pipe and calculate elastic sheet deformation displacement back the liquid formula survey bypass is equipped with the valve in order to control the opening and close of feed liquor pipeline and drain pipe way.

Preferably, the edge of the elastic sheet is provided with a triggering type alarm element, and the triggering type alarm element is in communication connection with an alarm circuit.

Preferably, the one-way valve comprises a through hole arranged on the elastic sheet and a valve sheet closely arranged above the through hole, and one end of the one-way valve is fixed on the elastic sheet.

Preferably, an electronic distance sensing element is also provided.

Preferably, the liquid outlets are arranged on the inner liquid cavity and the outer liquid cavity, rubber plugs are arranged on the liquid outlets in a sealing mode, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the liquid type measuring bypass are provided with needles.

Preferably, the electronic distance sensing element comprises an infrared distance sensor arranged at the lower part of the side surface of the test unit, and the electronic distance sensing element is in communication connection with a remote terminal.

The application method of the pad test mold uses the pad test mold for the knee joint unicondylar replacement operation, and comprises the following steps:

(1) And (3) assembling: selecting a proper test die unit, installing the test die unit on a handle for fastening, and detecting the pressure deformation capability and rebound capability;

(2) And (5) testing a mold: the pad test die is held by hand, the pad test die is inserted between the femur and the tibia until the upper surface of the test die unit contacts with the lower surface of the femur in a state that the included angle between the femur and the tibia is 90 degrees, and a real-time femur-tibia gap value A is recorded;

(3) And (3) testing and adjusting and measuring: slowly lifting the tibia, reducing the included angle between the femur and the tibia, in the process, changing the elastic sheet, recording the deformed gap value when the included angle is the maximum, or resetting the tibia when an alarm occurs, replacing the relatively small-size liner mold again, and starting from the step (1) again until the deformed gap value B is recorded;

(4) Bone spacing adjustment: obtaining C by utilizing the difference value of A and B, and further adjusting the grinding tibia, wherein the grinding thickness is C;

(5) Final measurement: the test unit is replaced by a conventional liner for measurement, and the measurement is completed after the next operation condition is met.

The measurement of the gap value is replaced by a liquid-type measurement bypass, by measuring the change in volume space on both sides of the elastic sheet.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The potential safety hazard possibly caused when the pad test mould forgets to pull out is avoided, the material is light, the use is convenient, and the medical staff can observe and obtain the result conveniently;

(2) The automatic detection device can automatically detect the thickness of the tibia to be ground in the next step, and meanwhile, the surrounding ligaments are not damaged;

(3) The elastic sheet is selected, so that the deformation and measurement in the using process are facilitated, on the one hand, the device is protected by the design of slow rebound, and the contact is line contact or point contact, so that the abrasion to a bone structure can be minimized;

(4) The design of the one-way valve provides the equipment with an instantaneous memory function, so that the state of the equipment is convenient to maintain, and the subsequent measurement is ensured;

(5) The whole equipment has strong interchangeability, can be combined with traditional equipment for clinical treatment, and is used as an alternative scheme in the operation process;

(6) Can combine multiple measurement methods, further reduce medical personnel's intensity of labour.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention in use;

FIG. 3 is a second cross-sectional view of the present invention in use;

FIG. 4 is a three-sectional view of the present invention in use;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the fluidic assay bypass and test module unit of the present invention;

1. a handle; 2. a connecting rod; 3. a test module unit; 4. threaded connection; 5. tibia; 6. femur; 7. an elastic sheet; 8. an external liquid chamber; 9. a prismatic surface; 10. positioning clamping grooves; 11. an internal liquid chamber; 12. a one-way valve; 13. an outlet of the external liquid chamber; 14. an outlet of the internal liquid chamber; 15. a flow rate measuring element; 16. a liquid storage tank; 17. a pipeline.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the embodiment 1, a pad test mold for knee joint unicondylar replacement surgery is designed, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, two ends of a connecting rod 2 are respectively connected with a handle 1 and a test mold unit 3, the test mold unit 3 comprises an elastic sheet 7 which automatically adjusts the thickness and gives an alarm, and the test mold unit 3 is in threaded connection 4 with the handle 1; the surface of the test die unit 3 comprises a hard chassis surface and a prismatic surface 9 made of flexible materials, the edge of the prismatic is provided with a support, the elastic sheet 7 is positioned in the prismatic internal cavity, and the two sides of the elastic sheet 7 are provided with positioning clamping grooves 10.

The width of the elastic sheet 7 corresponds to the width of the inner cavity to divide the inner liquid cavity 11 and the outer liquid cavity 8, and a one-way valve 12 is arranged between the inner liquid cavity 11 and the outer liquid cavity 8 to prevent the backflow of the outer liquid cavity 8. When measuring the distance, insert slowly, the test module unit warp, and the survey distance gives medical personnel simultaneously.

The edge of the elastic sheet 7 is provided with a triggering type alarm element which is in communication connection with an alarm circuit. Can alarm in time, avoid the occurrence of the compression injury.

The one-way valve 12 comprises a through hole arranged on the elastic sheet 7 and a valve sheet closely arranged above the through hole, and one end of the one-way valve is fixed on the elastic sheet 7. The design provides the device with a certain memory.

In this embodiment, an electronic distance sensing element is also provided to measure in real time the distance between the top and bottom surfaces of the prismatic surface 9, further assessing the distance between the femur 6 and tibia 5.

The liquid outlet is arranged on the inner liquid cavity 11 and the outer liquid cavity 8, a rubber plug is arranged on the liquid outlet in a sealing way, and needles are arranged at the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the liquid type measuring bypass. This design facilitates ingress and egress and sealing of the needle.

The electronic distance sensing element comprises an infrared distance sensor arranged at the lower part of the side face of the test die unit 3, and the electronic distance sensing element is in communication connection with a remote terminal.

(1) And (3) assembling: selecting a proper test die unit 3, installing the test die unit on the handle 1 for fastening, and detecting the pressure deformation capability and rebound capability;

(2) And (5) testing a mold: the hand-held gasket test die is inserted between the femur 6 and the tibia 5 until the upper surface of the test die unit 3 contacts with the lower surface of the femur 6 in a state that the included angle between the femur 6 and the tibia 5 is 90 degrees, and a real-time gap value A between the femur 6 and the tibia 5 is recorded;

(3) And (3) testing and adjusting and measuring: slowly lifting the tibia 5, reducing the included angle between the femur 6 and the tibia 5, changing the elastic sheet 7 in the process, recording the deformed gap value when the included angle is maximum, or resetting the tibia 5 when an alarm occurs, replacing the relatively small-size pad test mould again, and starting from the step (1) again until the deformed gap value B is recorded;

(4) Bone spacing adjustment: obtaining C by utilizing the difference value of A and B, and further adjusting the grinding tibia 5, wherein the grinding thickness is C;

(5) Final measurement: the test unit 3 is replaced by a conventional pad for measurement, and after the next operation condition is met, the measurement is completed.

Embodiment 2, see fig. 5, is different from embodiment 1 in that the embodiment further comprises a liquid type measuring bypass, the liquid type measuring bypass comprises a sealed liquid storage tank 16, the liquid storage tank 16 is connected with a liquid inlet pipeline and a liquid outlet pipeline, the other end of the liquid inlet pipeline is communicated with an internal liquid cavity 11, the other end of the liquid outlet pipeline is communicated with an external liquid cavity 8, a flow measuring element 15 is further arranged on the liquid outlet pipeline to calculate deformation displacement of the elastic sheet 7, and a valve is further arranged on the liquid type measuring bypass to control opening and closing of the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline. The measurement of the gap value is replaced by a liquid-type measurement bypass, and the change in the volume space on both sides of the elastic sheet 7 is measured.

The design further improves the automation degree of the equipment and further reduces the volume of the equipment.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A pad test mold for knee joint unicondylar replacement surgery, characterized in that: the two ends of the connecting rod (2) are respectively connected to the handle (1) and the test mold unit (3), and the mold test unit (3) includes An elastic piece (7) that automatically adjusts the thickness and issues an alarm, the mold trial unit (3) and the handle (1) are threadedly connected (4); the surface of the mold trial unit (3) includes a hard chassis surface and a prismatic surface (9) made of flexible material, the prismatic edges are provided with supports, the elastic piece (7) is located in the prismatic internal cavity, and the elastic piece (7) Positioning slots (10) are provided on both sides, and the width of the elastic piece (7) corresponds to the width of the internal cavity to divide it into an internal liquid cavity (11) and an external liquid cavity (8). A one-way valve (12) is provided between the inner liquid chamber (11) and the outer liquid chamber (8) to prevent the outer liquid chamber (8) from flowing back; an electronic distance sensing element is also provided, and the electronic distance sensing element It includes an infrared distance sensor arranged on the lower side of the mold trial unit (3), and the electronic distance sensing element is communicatively connected to a remote terminal.

2. The pad test mold for unicondylar knee replacement surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a liquid measurement bypass, and the liquid measurement bypass includes a sealed liquid storage tank (16), The liquid storage tank (16) is connected to a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe. The other end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the internal liquid chamber (11), and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the external liquid chamber. The cavity (8) is connected, and a flow measuring element (15) is also provided on the liquid outlet pipe to calculate back the deformation displacement of the elastic piece (7). A valve is also provided on the liquid measuring bypass to control the Opening and closing of liquid inlet and outlet pipes.

3. The pad test mold for unicondylar knee replacement surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the edge of the elastic piece (7) is provided with a trigger alarm element, and the trigger alarm element is connected to the alarm through communication circuit.

4. The pad test mold for knee joint unicondylar replacement surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the one-way valve (12) includes a through hole provided on the elastic piece (7) and is closely installed on the elastic piece (7). There is a valve plate above the through hole, and one end of the valve plate is fixed on the elastic piece (7).

5. The pad test mold for unicondylar knee replacement surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: the internal liquid chamber (11) and the external liquid chamber (8) are provided with liquid outlets, and the outlets are A rubber plug is installed to seal the liquid port, and needles are installed at the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the liquid measurement bypass.