CN109211837A - A kind of complex refractivity index measurement method of liquid absorption medium - Google Patents
A kind of complex refractivity index measurement method of liquid absorption medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种液体吸收介质的复折射率测量方法，首先提供一劈形吸收液体介质样品；接着让光源在介质界面选择合适的入射点入射，使得折射光最后到达设定点，同时记录该合适的入射点位置；最后根据时间最小原理，以及建立的劈形吸收液体介质的实折射角与吸收液体介质的复折射率实部和虚部的关系，计算出待测液体吸收介质的复折射率。本发明测量简单，需要的元器件很少，光路简单，做成仪器成本低廉。
The invention relates to a method for measuring the complex refractive index of a liquid absorbing medium. First, a wedge-shaped absorbing liquid medium sample is provided; then a light source is incident at a suitable incident point at the medium interface, so that the refracted light finally reaches the set point, and the Appropriate location of the incident point; finally, according to the principle of minimum time and the established relationship between the real refraction angle of the wedge-shaped absorbing liquid medium and the real and imaginary parts of the complex refractive index of the absorbing liquid medium, calculate the complex refraction of the liquid absorbing medium to be measured. Rate. The invention has simple measurement, few components required, simple optical path, and low cost of making the instrument.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to complex refractivity index fields of measurement, the complex refractivity index measurement method of especially a kind of liquid absorption medium.
Background technique
For the refractive index of absorbing medium, value is characterized with complex refractivity index.This formal variation makes the property of wave
Also changed, especially imaginary index, be not only the root of Absorption of Medium characteristic, have an effect on reflected light, transmitted light
Polarization state.The research of complex refractivity index not only has theory significance, while also having practical application value, chemical industry, medicine, food
The industrial departments such as product, petroleum and college teaching and experiment in, it is often necessary to measure the refractive index of some liquid, in many cases it
Be not transparent medium.Therefore, the refractive index of absorbability liquid medium can be accurately measured, there is highly important reality meaning
Justice.
The measurement method of existing complex refractivity index is mainly polarization technology, and incident linearly polarized light is reflected through absorbing medium
After will become elliptically polarized light, by measure reflected light position phase and amplitude come measure complex refractivity index real and imaginary parts obtain,
Principle is more complicated, completes measurement and needs more component, optical path is more complicated, and existing instrument price is more expensive.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of complex refractivity index measurement method of liquid absorption medium, measurement letter
Single, the component needed is seldom, and optical path is simple, and it is cheap to be made into instrument cost.
The present invention is realized using following scheme: a kind of complex refractivity index measurement method of liquid absorption medium, including following step
It is rapid:
Step S1: it provides one and splits shape absorption liquid medium samples；
Step S2: allowing light source to select suitable incidence point incident in medium interface, so that refraction light finally reaches set point,
The suitable incidence point position is recorded simultaneously；
Step S3: according to time minimum principle, and real refraction angle and the absorbing liquid splitting shape and absorb liquid medium established
The relationship of the complex refractivity index real and imaginary parts of body medium, calculates the complex refractivity index of testing liquid absorbing medium.
Further, in step S1, the shape absorption liquid medium samples of splitting is placed in a cuboid transparent vessel,
Described in cuboid transparent vessel be internally provided with an angle with horizontal plane be α inclined-plane, the four peripheral wall groups on inclined-plane and container
Chamber is described to hold splitting for liquid medium samples of absorption, so that the upper surface for absorbing liquid is the right-angle side for splitting shape.
Further, step S2 specifically: select laser as light source, laser vertical incidence is split into shape and absorbs liquid medium
The right-angle side of sample, moves left and right light source, suitable incidence point O point is selected at testing liquid absorbing medium interface, so that refraction
Light finally reaches set point B point by the C point in chamber wall, measure incidence point O point to the one of wall of container distance L,
The distance of the wall to B point is H, and the distance of the wall to another wall in parallel is m, distance of the container bottom to incidence point plane
For S.
Further, the step S3 specifically:
Step S31: establishing real refraction angle and absorbs the relationship of liquid medium complex refractivity index:
In formula, n indicates that the real part of the complex refractivity index to be measured for absorbing liquid medium, κ indicate to be measured and absorb answering for liquid medium
The imaginary part of refractive index, niIndicate the refractive index of container,Indicate the real refraction angle for being refracted to air；
Step S32: according to least time principle, the calculation formula to be measured for absorbing liquid medium refraction index real part is established:
Step S33: in conjunction with the relationship at real refraction angle and absorption liquid medium complex refractivity index, absorption liquid medium to be measured is obtained
Complex refractivity index imaginary part it is as follows:
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: method of the invention only needs to make light incident from known point,
Select suitable incidence point in medium interface so that refraction light finally reaches set it is better, as long as measuring the position of people's exit point,
Simultaneously according to light by splitting the real refraction angle of shape liquid absorption medium and the complex refractivity index real and imaginary parts for absorbing liquid medium
Relationship can calculate the refractive index of medium, and measurement is simple, and the component needed is seldom, and optical path is simple, and it is low to be made into instrument cost
It is honest and clean.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the liquid absorption medium complex refractivity index optical path figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the light path schematic diagram that the light of the embodiment of the present invention passes through absorbing medium.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
Present embodiments provide a kind of complex refractivity index measurement method of liquid absorption medium, comprising the following steps:
Step S1: it provides one and splits shape absorption liquid medium samples；
Step S2: allowing light source to select suitable incidence point incident in medium interface, so that refraction light finally reaches set point,
The suitable incidence point position is recorded simultaneously；
Step S3: according to time minimum principle, and real refraction angle and the absorbing liquid splitting shape and absorb liquid medium established
The relationship of the complex refractivity index real and imaginary parts of body medium, calculates the complex refractivity index of testing liquid absorbing medium.
In the present embodiment, in step S1, the shape absorption liquid medium samples of splitting is placed in a cuboid transparent vessel
In, wherein the cuboid transparent vessel is internally provided with the inclined-plane that an angle with horizontal plane is α, the surrounding on inclined-plane and container
Wall composition describes chamber to hold splitting for liquid medium samples of absorption, so that the upper surface for absorbing liquid is the right-angle side for splitting shape.
In the present embodiment, step S2 specifically: select laser as light source, laser vertical incidence is split into shape and absorbs liquid
The right-angle side of medium samples, moves left and right light source, selects suitable incidence point O point at testing liquid absorbing medium interface, so that
Refraction light finally reaches set point B point by the C point in chamber wall, measure incidence point O point to the one of wall of container away from
From L, the distance of the wall to B point is H, and the distance of the wall to another wall in parallel is m, container bottom to incidence point plane
Distance is S.
In the present embodiment, the step S3 specifically:
Step S31: establishing real refraction angle and absorbs the relationship of liquid medium complex refractivity index:
In formula, n indicates that the real part of the complex refractivity index to be measured for absorbing liquid medium, κ indicate to be measured and absorb answering for liquid medium
The imaginary part of refractive index, niIndicate the refractive index of container,Indicate the real refraction angle for being refracted to air；
Step S32: according to least time principle, the calculation formula to be measured for absorbing liquid medium refraction index real part is established:
Step S33: in conjunction with the relationship at real refraction angle and absorption liquid medium complex refractivity index, absorption liquid medium to be measured is obtained
Complex refractivity index imaginary part it is as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, laser vertical incidence is split the right-angle side that shape absorbs liquid medium samples by the present embodiment, move left and right
Light source selects suitable incidence point O at testing liquid absorbing medium interface, reaches refraction light finally by C point and set
The B point set, measure incidence point O point to chamber wall distance L.A, positional relationship between them of O, C, B as shown in Figure 1,
QW distance in known vessel bottom is m, and the distance QU of liquid level to container bottom is equal to S, and QB is equal to H, has an angle inside container
For the inclined-plane of α.According to least time principle, and the real refraction angle for splitting shape liquid absorption medium established and absorption liquid medium
Complex refractivity index real and imaginary parts relationship, the complex refractivity index of testing liquid absorbing medium can be calculated.
In the present embodiment, the relationship of real refraction angle and absorbing medium complex refractivity index is obtained with specific reference to the following contents:
Light wave E (r, t)=E (r) e-iωt, H (r, t)=H (r) e-iωtFor people's Maxwell equation, available light wave
Meet following equation in absorbing medium:
In formula,For equivalent complex dielectric permittivity, ε is dielectric constant, and μ is magnetic conductivity, and σ is conductivity,For the complex refractivity index of absorbing medium, n, κ are respectively the real part of absorbing medium, void
Portion, k0For the wave vector in vacuum,For the complex wave arrow in absorbing medium, the Unit Vector of equal-amplitude surface and equiphase surface
Amount is respectively q and s, and the angle between two unit vectors is ξ=cos-1(q.s), ksAnd kqRespectively phase constant (the reflection of wave
The propagation condition of wave) and attenuation constant (amplitude variations of reflection wave).
Relationship between the real part of phase constant, attenuation constant in absorbing medium and complex refractivity index, imaginary part is as follows:
Since n, κ are not zero, from above formula it is found that ξ ≠ pi/2, i.e. two unit vectors vertically will not be computed and can obtain:
Parameter Ns, NqRegard the effective refractive index that light is propagated and decayed in absorbing medium as, their size not only and
Complex refractivity index is in relation to also related with the angle of equiphase surface and equal-amplitude surface.
When light is by the right-angle side for the wedge shape absorbing medium that air vertical incidence apex angle is α, as shown in Fig. 2, at interface 1
Middle place, due to light vertical incidence, according to boundary condition it is found that into the light wave after absorbing medium:
It is refracted in vessel media at interface 2 by absorbing medium, enabling container refractive index is ni, it is refracted to the real folding of air
Firing angle isAccording to boundary condition it is found that phase wave vector and decaying wave vector due to absorbing medium medium wave have on interface
Tangential component, so the phase constant k ' of refracted waves, attenuation constant k 'qBetween relationship it is as follows:
Meanwhile it can be obtained according to boundary condition:
Real refraction angle can be obtained by four formulas above and absorb the relationship of the complex refractivity index real and imaginary parts of liquid medium
It is as follows:
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the calculated relationship for establishing testing medium refractive index according to least time principle is specific
It is as follows:
Light is from O point to B point, and by the available light of relationship given in Fig. 1, from O to B, the time required for point is:
The distance for enabling DC is x, from the geometric relations:
Shi Ke get before the formula is substituted into:
According to least time principle, if the used time is minimum, meet:
Preceding formula is substituted into the Shi Ke get:
In conjunction with Fig. 2, light will need to pass through C point from O point to B point, it is known that:
X=Lsin α tan α；
It is as follows that the formula is substituted into the real part expression formula that preceding formula can obtain complex refractivity index；
Simultaneously according to the real refraction angle of geometrical relationship are as follows:
The imaginary part that testing medium complex refractivity index can finally be obtained is as follows:
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification, is all covered by the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of complex refractivity index measurement method of liquid absorption medium, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step S1: it provides one and splits shape absorption liquid medium samples；
Step S2: allowing light source to select suitable incidence point incident in medium interface, so that refraction light finally reaches set point, simultaneously
Record the suitable incidence point position；
Step S3: according to time minimum principle, and the shape of splitting established absorbs the real refraction angle of liquid medium and absorbs liquid Jie
The relationship of the complex refractivity index real and imaginary parts of matter, calculates the complex refractivity index of testing liquid absorbing medium.
2. a kind of complex refractivity index measurement method of liquid absorption medium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step S1
In, the shape absorption liquid medium samples of splitting is placed in a cuboid transparent vessel, wherein in the cuboid transparent vessel
Portion is provided with an angle with horizontal plane as the inclined-plane of α, and four peripheral walls of inclined-plane and container are formed to hold absorption liquid medium
Chamber is described in splitting for sample, so that the upper surface for absorbing liquid is the right-angle side for splitting shape.
3. a kind of complex refractivity index measurement method of liquid absorption medium according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step S2
Specifically: it selects laser as light source, laser vertical incidence is split into the right-angle side that shape absorbs liquid medium samples, moves left and right light
Source selects suitable incidence point O point at testing liquid absorbing medium interface, so that refraction light is last by the C point in chamber wall
Set point B point is reached, measures incidence point O point to the distance L of the one of wall of container, the distance of the wall to B point is H, the wall
Distance to another wall in parallel is m, and the distance of container bottom to incidence point plane is S.
4. a kind of complex refractivity index measurement method of liquid absorption medium according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the step
Rapid S3 specifically:
Step S31: establishing real refraction angle and absorbs the relationship of liquid medium complex refractivity index:
In formula, n indicates that the real part of the complex refractivity index to be measured for absorbing liquid medium, κ indicate the birefringence to be measured for absorbing liquid medium
The imaginary part of rate, niIndicate the refractive index of container,Indicate the real refraction angle for being refracted to air；
Step S32: according to least time principle, the calculation formula to be measured for absorbing liquid medium refraction index real part is established:
Step S33: in conjunction with the relationship at real refraction angle and absorption liquid medium complex refractivity index, answering for absorption liquid medium to be measured is obtained
The imaginary part of refractive index is as follows:
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