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CN109211037A - A kind of underwater explosion cutting component and underwater explosion cutting method - Google Patents

A kind of underwater explosion cutting component and underwater explosion cutting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109211037A
CN109211037A CN201811054980.8A CN201811054980A CN109211037A CN 109211037 A CN109211037 A CN 109211037A CN 201811054980 A CN201811054980 A CN 201811054980A CN 109211037 A CN109211037 A CN 109211037A
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China
Prior art keywords
explosive
cutter
underwater
explosion
water
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Granted
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CN201811054980.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109211037B (en
Inventor
罗宁
申涛
曹银梅
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Priority to CN201811054980.8A priority Critical patent/CN109211037B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/22—Elements for controlling or guiding the detonation wave, e.g. tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of underwater explosion cutting components, including multiple explosive cutters and water proof inflating rubber airbag, the explosive cutter to be made of cutter shell, metal energy gathering cap, high explosive.Cutter interior of shell is divided into the powder chamber and plenum chamber of filling high explosive by metal energy gathering cap.Its application method is also disclosed simultaneously.The present invention improves practicability and the flexibility of explosive cutter, can be for by explosion object flexible assembling.Sockets for collecting energy internal water is discharged using water proof inflated rubber bag, the presence in imderwater cutting explosion due to water is solved, leads to the problem that cumulative blasting is ineffective.Have the characteristics that at low cost, high-efficient, reliable and stable, convenient, flexible outstanding, can effectively play the advantage of jet cutter, improve working efficiency, reduce construction cost.

Description

A kind of underwater explosion cutting component and underwater explosion cutting method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underwater multiple shot array cutter and its application methods, belong to engineering explosion, special blasting neck Domain.
Background technique
Mohaupt effect is to make the energy of explosive detonation in hole direction using the hole (being also sockets for collecting energy) of pack one end It puts together to improve the local failure of explosive effect.Detonation product is first assembled to hole axial location after Concentrated charge explosion, One high speed, high pressure, highdensity energy-gathering jetting are formed, for speed up to 1500~3000 m/s, the jet stream of such high speed is dynamic The pressure of amount up to 100,000 or even million atmospheric pressure can generate flash disruption to target target plate.For a long time, beehive-shaped charge is used To manufacture all kinds of bodies with High Fragmentation power.Then Mohaupt effect has also obtained more and more extensive answer in civil engineering With.Such as the lined-cavity charge in petroleum perforation；CUMULATIVE BLASTING in seismic prospecting impulses bullet；For sheet metal cutting with And the Blasting with Linear Cumulative Cutting Charge in Rock etc. of hull is cut when salvaging a sunken ship.
Linear cumulative charge develops in civilian economy construction from initial Military Application, especially builds in large-scale steel structure The advantages of its is high-efficient, operation is fast, depth of cut is big, high safety has been highlighted in the projects of object.Currently, due to civilian quick-fried Broken engineering and military engineering need, and the underwater application of linear cavity effect cutter is more and more extensive, such as underwater drilling platform Dismounting, the salvaging of shipwreck, the dismounting of steel structure bridge submerged structure and underwater demolition cutting cartridge Cut blasting solve the problems, such as bit freezing Deng.However due to the particularity of aqueous medium, the submerged applications of jet cutter are more much more difficult than in air.It is close due to water The parameters such as degree, heat transfer rate and viscosity are more much bigger than air so that jet stream in water high-speed motion when, suffered frictional resistance Bigger, energy also more disperses, and velocity of jet head is lower than in air；Water has obstruction and cooling effect to metal jet, also can The kinetic energy and temperature for reducing jet stream, weaken the Penetration Ability of jet stream.Under water another problem of operation be exactly Concentrated charge such as What is fixed on by explosion object, simultaneously because each engineering specifications differs greatly, it can by the target geometry of explosion object It can be round, rectangular or oval, and same shape may also be not of uniform size.Therefore in construction, traditional cumulative is cut It stitches to re-start design for concrete engineering, these problems also result in underwater demolition cutting operation efficiency, effect reduces, and apply Work increased costs.
In view of problem above, underwater explosion cutter is considered as certain waterproof, pressure-resistant measure so that cutter and water every Absolutely, as the difference of the depth of water will also consider the voltage endurance etc. of cutter, while also to consider various diversity of site operation, Underwater explosion cutter will also have extremely strong applicability, flexibility, just can effectively play the advantage of jet cutter in this way, Working efficiency is improved, construction cost is reduced.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved by the present invention is that overcome defect of the existing technology, proposes a kind of underwater explosion and cut Cutter component can be assembled according to different operating conditions, and reduce underwater demolition cutting operation difficulty, enhance imderwater cutting Can, it removes in operation, can shorten the construction period in large-scale steel construction, reduce workload.It also discloses simultaneously underwater using the present invention The method of blast cutting device assembly progress underwater explosion cutting.
A kind of underwater explosion cutting component of the present invention, including multiple explosive cutters and water proof inflating rubber airbag.Its Be characterized in: the explosive cutter is made of cutter shell, metal energy gathering cap, high explosive.
The cutter shell is door shape cross section profile, and concatenation positioning groove, concatenation positioning are set at two preceding base angles Interior concatenation location hole is set on groove, external concatenation positioning plate at base angle after two concatenates and sets outer concatenation location hole on positioning plate.
The metal energy gathering cap be V or W-shaped cross section profile, it is isometric with cutter shell.Metal energy gathering cap is placed in cutting In device shell, V or W-shaped is inverted at (i.e. the top that V or W-shaped wedge angle are directed toward cutter outer casing door word), and metal energy gathering cap is by cutter Interior of shell is divided into two spaces up and down, and upper space is powder chamber, fills high explosive, and lower space is that plenum chamber is (usual Sockets for collecting energy in meaning).
The cone angle that the top in metal shell door shape cross section is 60~120 °.
The cross section of the metal energy gathering cap is V-shaped, and V-shaped apex angle is 60~120 °, and height h is 10~100 mm, Width w is 6~170 mm, and length l is 50~300 mm.
The metal energy gathering cap material is copper, aluminium, tungsten, tungsten-copper alloy or tungsten nickel.
The high explosive should select explosion velocity height, brisance big, generally selection TNT, and PBX, COMB, RDX, emulsification also may be selected The high-energy densities explosive such as explosive, copper are to should ensure that degree of packing is higher.
The high explosive according to the preparatory compression moulding of shape and size of powder chamber, when molding the top of explosive there are For installing the preformed hole of primacord.
The method that cutting component implements underwater explosion cutting is fried with underwater explosion of the present invention, the steps include: first quick-fried The water proof inflating rubber airbag is wrapped on broken object；Then each explosive cutter is stitched together around by explosion object Body simultaneously penetrates waterproof safety primacord, and the plenum chamber cover of each explosive cutter is buckled on the water proof inflating rubber airbag, every Water inflating rubber airbag is snapped into the plenum chamber of each explosive cutter, and the assembling of underwater explosion cutting component finishes；Passing through Wire rope suspensioning is sunk on underwater explosion cutting component edge at the explosion position of setting by explosion object；Rubber is inflated to water proof The filling to inside by the plenum chamber of explosive cutter of glue air bag inflator is full；Finally carry out detonation operation.
The specific operation process that underwater explosion cutting component of the present invention uses at the scene is as follows:
(1) factory-assembled: according to construction site by explosion body form size, selecting the explosive cutter of suitable size, according to By the diameter of explosion object, determine that explosive cutter is carried out around the number needed by explosion object one week and to explosive cutter Assembling early period in advance will explosion that is, first according to the half quantity around the explosive cutter number needed by explosion object one week Cutter is concatenated into explosive cutter group and (the concatenation positioning plate of an explosive cutter is placed to another explosive cutter In corresponding concatenation positioning groove, the corresponding interior concatenation location hole in position and outer concatenation location hole are concatenated with bolt), convenient for existing It is covered on by explosion object when the construction of field.
(2) in-site installation: around a circle water proof inflating rubber airbag on by explosion object, and gas tube is connected, then will Around being connected in series by explosion object, the plenum chamber mask of each explosive cutter fills two groups of explosive cutter groups in the water proof On gas rubbery air pocket, water proof inflating rubber airbag is snapped into the plenum chamber of explosive cutter.Underwater explosion cutting component group It installs complete, then penetrates waterproof safety primacord, and hang up wirerope.
(3) heavy hydropexis: by wirerope by underwater explosion cutting component along the position for being sunk to setting by explosion object Place, and fix wirerope.
(4) inflation connection: water proof inflating rubber air bag inflator is given by gas tube, is expanded into it by explosive cutter Stop inflating and blocking inflating port after filling is full inside plenum chamber, connects primacord and initiator.
(5) it detonation operation: detonates after confirmation operation field safety.
The advantages of a kind of underwater explosion cutting component of the present invention and underwater explosion cutting method, is: using Combination Design side Method improves practicability and the flexibility of explosive cutter, can be for different shape, various sizes of by flexible group of explosion object Dress.Sockets for collecting energy internal water is discharged using water proof inflated rubber bag, the presence in imderwater cutting explosion due to water is solved, causes The ineffective problem of cumulative blasting.To sum up, the underwater multiple shot array cutter be to traditional jet cutter in structure Improve with the innovation in method, have the characteristics that at low cost, high-efficient, reliable and stable, convenient, flexible outstanding, can effectively send out The advantage of jet cutter is waved, working efficiency is improved, reduces construction cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is explosive cutter main view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is explosive cutter axis surveys view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is water proof inflating rubber airbag schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is blast cutting device assembly assembling figure of the present invention (water proof inflating rubber airbag is not drawn into).
Fig. 5 is application schematic diagram of the underwater multiple shot array cutter of the present invention in steel pipe underwater explosion cutting.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, by a preferred example, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment: underwater explosion cutting component of the present invention and the application in certain steel cylindrical tube underwater explosion cutting.
The present embodiment is in steel cylindrical tube underwater explosion cutting.The multi-purpose drilling platforms under water of steel cylindrical tube, In steel structure bridge etc., since the petroleum time limit reaches design period, removed.12 outer diameter 300 of this example institute pipe cutting Mm, 10 mm of wall thickness, steel pipe are located under water, need to carry out underwater explosion cutting.According to outer diameter of steel pipes, selecting 10 length is 10 The explosive cutter of cm.
Explosive cutter is made of cutter shell 1, metal energy gathering cap 2, high explosive 3.The cutter shell 1 is door Font cross section profile, the cone angle that the top in metal shell door shape cross section is 80 °, two preceding bottoms of metal shell 1 Concatenation positioning groove 5 is set at angle, is concatenated and is set interior concatenation location hole on positioning groove, external concatenation positioning plate 6 at base angle after two, Outer concatenation location hole is set on concatenation positioning plate.
The metal energy gathering cap 2 is V-arrangement cross section profile, metal cumulative cover material isometric (10cm) with cutter shell For copper, with a thickness of 4 mm, it is highly 50 mm that V-shaped apex angle, which is 80 °,.Metal energy gathering cap is placed in cutter shell, and V is inverted (i.e. V-arrangement wedge angle be directed toward cutter outer casing door word top), metal energy gathering cap bottom level extends outwardly 2~5mm, for by its It is fixed on cutter shell 1.
Metal energy gathering cap 2 will be divided into two spaces up and down inside cutter shell 1, upper space is powder chamber, and filling is high Energy explosive, lower space are plenum chamber (sockets for collecting energy on ordinary meaning).The high explosive can select TNT, PBX, COMB, The high-energy densities explosive such as RDX, emulsion.High explosive used in the present embodiment selects density 1.63g/cm3TNT explosive. High explosive according to the preparatory compression moulding of shape and size of powder chamber, when molding the top of explosive there are for install lead it is quick-fried The preformed hole 4 of rope.
The first step assembles 5 explosive cutters according to design parameter, forms two respectively by 5 blast cuttings The explosive cutter group of device composition.That is: the concatenation positioning plate 6 of an explosive cutter is placed to another explosive cutter pair In the concatenation positioning groove 5 answered, the corresponding interior concatenation location hole in position and outer concatenation location hole are concatenated with bolt 10.Second Step, one circle water proof inflated rubber bag 7 of winding, fills connecting in the aeration aperture 8 of water proof inflated rubber bag 7 on by quick-fried steel pipe 12 Tracheae 11, two groups of explosive cutter groups that the first step is combined again connect the two after covering on steel pipe 12, when connection Guarantee that water proof inflated rubber bag 7 is located in plenum chamber (sockets for collecting energy), then connected on explosive cutter group both sides and hang up steel wire, penetrates Waterproof safety primacord 13 completes the assembling of underwater explosion cutting component.Step 3: underwater explosion is cut by steel wire 9 Device assembly sinks to predetermined explosion position, fixed wirerope upper end.4th step gives water proof inflating rubber airbag 7 by gas tube 11 Inflation, after its be expanded by the filling of explosive cutter sockets for collecting energy it is full after stop inflating and block inflating port, connection primacord with rise Quick-fried device.5th step is detonated after confirming operation field safety.After explosion, under the action of energy-gathering jetting steel pipe circumferentially by Cutting disconnects, and has achieved the purpose that cut open from predetermined position by it.
It will be appreciated that the implementation of the example is only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on In the embodiment of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art say the every other of acquisition without making creative work Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种水下爆炸切割器组件，包括多个爆炸切割器和隔水充气橡胶气袋；其特征是：所述爆炸切割器由切割器外壳、金属聚能罩、高能炸药组成；1. an underwater explosion cutter assembly, comprising a plurality of explosion cutters and water-proof inflatable rubber air bags; it is characterized in that: described explosion cutter is made up of cutter shell, metal energy gathering cover, high-energy explosives; 所述切割器外壳，为门字形横断面型材，两个前底角处设串接定位凹槽，串接定位凹槽上设内串接定位孔，两个后底角处外接串接定位板，串接定位板上设外串接定位孔；The casing of the cutter is a door-shaped cross-section profile, with two front bottom corners provided with a series connection positioning groove, an inner series connection positioning hole on the series connection positioning groove, and an external series connection positioning plate at the two rear bottom corners. , the serial connection positioning plate is equipped with external serial connection positioning holes; 所述金属聚能罩为V或W形横断面型材，与切割器外壳等长；金属聚能罩置于切割器外壳内，V或W形倒置，金属聚能罩将切割器外壳内部隔成上下两个空间，上部空间为炸药室，充填高能炸药，下部空间为充气室。The metal energy-gathering cover is a V or W-shaped cross-section profile, which is the same length as the cutter housing; the metal energy-gathering cover is placed in the cutter housing, and the V or W shape is inverted. The metal energy-gathering cover separates the cutter housing into There are two upper and lower spaces, the upper space is an explosive chamber filled with high-energy explosives, and the lower space is an inflatable chamber. 2.根据权利要求1所述的水下爆炸切割器组件，其特征是：所述金属外壳门字形横断面的顶部为60～120°的锥角。2 . The underwater explosive cutter assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the top of the door-shaped cross section of the metal shell is a cone angle of 60° to 120°. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的水下爆炸切割器组件，其特征是：所述金属聚能罩的横断面为V字形，V字形顶角为60～120°，高度h为10～100 mm。3. The underwater explosive cutter assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the cross section of the metal energy collecting cover is V-shaped, the apex angle of the V-shaped is 60～120°, and the height h is 10～120°. 100mm. 4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的水下爆炸切割器组件，其特征是：所述金属聚能罩材质为铜、铝、钨、钨铜合金或钨镍合金。4. The underwater explosive cutter assembly according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the metal energy collecting cover is made of copper, aluminum, tungsten, tungsten-copper alloy or tungsten-nickel alloy. 5.根据权利要求1所述的水下爆炸切割器组件，其特征是：所述高能炸药选用TNT、PBX、COMB、RDX或乳化炸药。5. The underwater explosive cutter assembly according to claim 1, wherein the high-energy explosive is selected from TNT, PBX, COMB, RDX or emulsion explosive. 6.根据权利要求1或5所述的水下爆炸切割器组件，其特征是：所述高能炸药根据炸药室的形状和尺寸预先压制成型，成型时在炸药的顶部留有用于安装导爆索的预留孔。6. The underwater explosive cutter assembly according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the high-energy explosive is pre-pressed and formed according to the shape and size of the explosive chamber, and a detonating cord is left on the top of the explosive when forming. reserved holes. 7.一种用权利要求1-6之一所述的水下爆炸炸切割器组件实施水下爆炸切割的方法，其步骤是：先在被爆破物体上缠上所述隔水充气橡胶气袋；然后将所述各个爆炸切割器拼接起来环绕被爆破物体并穿入防水安全导爆索，各个爆炸切割器的充气室罩扣在所述隔水充气橡胶气袋上，隔水充气橡胶气袋被卡入各个爆炸切割器的充气室，水下爆炸切割器组件组装完毕；在通过钢丝绳悬吊，将水下爆炸切割器组件沿被爆破物体沉入设定的爆破位置处；给隔水充气橡胶气袋充气至将爆炸切割器的充气室内部填充满；最后进行起爆作业。7. A method for implementing underwater explosive cutting with the underwater explosive blasting cutter assembly described in one of claims 1-6, the step of which is: first wrap the water-proof inflatable rubber air bag on the object to be blasted Then splicing the various explosive cutters to surround the object to be blasted and penetrate the waterproof safety detonating cord, the inflatable chamber cover of each explosive cutter is buckled on the water-proof inflatable rubber air bag, and the water-proof inflatable rubber air bag It is stuck into the inflatable chamber of each explosive cutter, and the underwater explosive cutter assembly is assembled; suspended by the wire rope, the underwater explosive cutter assembly is sunk into the set blasting position along the object to be blasted; inflate the water barrier The rubber air bag is inflated until the interior of the inflatable chamber of the explosive cutter is full; finally, the detonation operation is carried out.
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Cited By (10)

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CN109780952A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-05-21 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 Underwater explosion energy-gathering cutting device
CN110004960A (en) * 2019-05-11 2019-07-12 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 Demolition method for detonation energy-gathering penetration cutting of deep-water double-wall steel cofferdam
CN110836621A (en) * 2019-10-21 2020-02-25 四川航天川南火工技术有限公司 A flexible energy-gathering cutting cable
CN111521084A (en) * 2020-06-01 2020-08-11 前进民爆股份有限公司 Shaped energy cutting device for pipe blasting
CN112432567A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-02 浙江科技学院 Energy-gathering electric blasting boulder method
CN113137893A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-07-20 中国人民解放军火箭军工程设计研究院 Energy-containing special shaped charge cover cutter structure
CN113137894A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-07-20 中国人民解放军火箭军工程设计研究院 Energy-containing composite shaped charge liner cutter structure
CN113188393A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-07-30 中国人民解放军火箭军工程设计研究院 Prefabricated cutting body gathers can charge structure
CN113405420A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-09-17 南京君缘科爆工程技术有限公司 Boundary control cutter and blasting device and method for nuclear power foundation pit energy-gathered cutting
CN118857027A (en) * 2024-08-29 2024-10-29 大连理工大学 An underwater explosion high-efficiency energy-gathering cutting device based on combined charge

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Cited By (13)

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CN109780952B (en) * 2019-03-29 2023-09-29 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 Underwater explosion energy-collecting cutting device
CN109780952A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-05-21 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 Underwater explosion energy-gathering cutting device
CN110004960A (en) * 2019-05-11 2019-07-12 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 Demolition method for detonation energy-gathering penetration cutting of deep-water double-wall steel cofferdam
CN110836621A (en) * 2019-10-21 2020-02-25 四川航天川南火工技术有限公司 A flexible energy-gathering cutting cable
CN111521084A (en) * 2020-06-01 2020-08-11 前进民爆股份有限公司 Shaped energy cutting device for pipe blasting
CN112432567B (en) * 2020-11-23 2023-05-05 浙江科技学院 Energy-gathering electric blasting boulder method
CN112432567A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-02 浙江科技学院 Energy-gathering electric blasting boulder method
CN113137894A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-07-20 中国人民解放军火箭军工程设计研究院 Energy-containing composite shaped charge liner cutter structure
CN113188393A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-07-30 中国人民解放军火箭军工程设计研究院 Prefabricated cutting body gathers can charge structure
CN113137893A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-07-20 中国人民解放军火箭军工程设计研究院 Energy-containing special shaped charge cover cutter structure
CN113405420A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-09-17 南京君缘科爆工程技术有限公司 Boundary control cutter and blasting device and method for nuclear power foundation pit energy-gathered cutting
CN113405420B (en) * 2021-06-09 2022-09-27 南京君缘科爆工程技术有限公司 Boundary control cutter and blasting device and method for nuclear power foundation pit energy-gathered cutting
CN118857027A (en) * 2024-08-29 2024-10-29 大连理工大学 An underwater explosion high-efficiency energy-gathering cutting device based on combined charge

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