Make the method and apparatus of mineral wool
The present invention relates to a kind of molten mineral material be sent into the method for making mineral wool in the turner that a beginning sentence as claimed in claim 1 limited, also relate to a turner that a kind of usefulness beginning sentence as claimed in claim 2 limited with the centrifugal Fibrotic equipment of mineral material that makes in inside.
Can make high-quality mineral fibre by inside is centrifugal, wherein mineral melt liquid is admitted to a turner inside, this turner high speed rotating, and a plurality of apertures are arranged on circumferential wall, fused solution is discharged with the fusion brin with corresponding minor diameter by these apertures.The silk of discharging is subjected to the air blast of an annular burner, thereby is refined into the fiber of required fineness, solidify then and the transfer roller of tired collection below one on, form the mineral fibre pad thus.This technology is called as so-called TEL technology in the art.
This fiberization equipment has been arranged, just can make the mineral material fibrosis of heterogeneity.This mineralogical composition may have high, general or low fluxing point, therefore needs different fiberization temperature.On the other hand, the operation under a specific the best is adjusted of the burner of this fiberization equipment, therefore one should be constant basically specific operating temperature under move, thereby can not break away from burner optimum operation scope.So by the optimum operation adjustment, the temperature of the aeration gas of burner is in 1550-1600 ℃ of scope, this is a suitable temperature for the high fluxing point glass of fibrosis.By the less variation that burner is adjusted, this temperature for example can drop to still 1300-1350 ℃ that regulates near the best combustion device, to adapt to the different temperature needs of eutectic melting point glass.
The heating excessively of eutectic melting point material silk can cause its viscosity degradation to a kind of like this degree, promptly can before solidifying, be left the refinement zone by the fused solution of aeration gas refinement, so that under capillary influence, these fibers that still are in molten state will become undesirable not Fibrotic particle in formed mineral wool pad.
Therefore, just need be low to moderate 1200 ℃ or even lower temperature make other mineral material fibrosis that resembles eutectic melting point glass and so on.By changing the adjustment of burner, the burner outlet temperature dropped to cause not wishing this degree of non-best combustion device operating mode that occurs.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and apparatus, this method and apparatus allows the temperature of the needed aeration gas of eutectic melting point mineral material fibrosis lower than the temperature that burner produced under optimum operating condition basically.
The method that realizes this purpose is that the discharging area of burner is subdivided into a ring-type inner radial thermal region and the relatively low ring-type radially outer cooled region of a temperature.The structure that realizes this purpose is, at the outer circle wall of burner outlet the jet apparatus of air and so on cooling gas is set, injection direction basically in spray regime transverse to the flow direction of burner gas.
Therefore, for the present invention, under the combustiblematerials minimizing that enters burner or cooling air and the premixed situation of burner gas, the temperature of aeration gas can not descend equably.As a result, the inner radial zone is comparative heat still, even may remain on the temperature of the burner gas that is not cooled.This effect needs, because the number row's orifice region in the turner circumferential wall should remain on liquidus line or devitrification of glass or the crystalline temperature some than higher temperature, passes through aperture to allow glass flows.
On the other hand, need at a good pace the fiber of refinement to be cooled down, so that they fully solidify, with avoid the refinement fiber under capillary effect spring-back effect and become particulate state, also should prevent in for example volatilization of sodium of temperature strong effect lower-glass volatile component.This low-quality fiber, material granule or other non-fibers form also cause the non-fibrosis particulate content in the final mineral cotton fabric that forms to increase.The quite rapid cooling effect that is produced by the radially outer cooled region trends towards avoiding this phenomenon that occurs of not wishing.
In addition, the cooling gas that injects of the periphery wall by burner outlet can not increase any a large amount of work of readjusting at burner under the situation that material composition changes.For example,, can block entering of cooling air simply, and under the situation that makes eutectic melting point glass fibreization,, just can supply with the cooling air of any requirement as long as rotate a valve simply if make high fluxing point glass fibreization.Therefore, do not need to do the best adjustment that any very big effort just can obtain to be used for wanting Fibrotic any material composition.
The injection direction of cooling gas extends substantially transversely to this fact of flow direction of burner gas can avoid the momentum of burner gas and any remarkable increase of kinetic energy effect.Therefore, the refining effect that the entering of cooling gas can significantly not change burner gas and produced makes the operational conditions that can not change the relevant this respect of equipment that enters of cooling gas.And the cooling effect of cooling gas can increase the viscosity of mineral material, and this gives balance by the energy of introducing cooling gas and increase total gas stream basically.Therefore, comprise that the equipment operational conditions of refining effect remains unchanged substantially, it with for what of the amount of regulating the cooling gas that the required temperature of glass ingredient fibrosis supplies irrelevant.
From PCT 94/04469, as can be known, a gas blower outside the supplied with cooling air of the position to the outside, footpath of burner outlet additional is arranged.In this case, burner outlet radially is positioned at outer peripheral the inside on the turner.This structure mainly is applicable to high fluxing point and has the fibrosis of low viscous hard glass at fluxing point.In this known embodiment, cooling air intersects near the place of finishing and aeration gas stream in the turner outside in the work that is refined into fiber, so that the viscosity increase that should locate.The gas stream of this gas blower is arranged essentially parallel to aeration gas stream, thereby increases the momentum and the kinetic energy of mixed airflow.But, for the present invention, this cools down the burner outlet expellant gas in specific uneven mode under the situation that does not significantly increase its momentum, make the mineral material fibrosis, compare with this temperature profile, do not have the height of the excessive temperature of refrigerative aeration gas consequently to produce not Fibrotic particle.
Less important claim also comprises the equipment improvement of invention.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the aperture of each through-hole form is preferably in about 2mm between 1 to 3mm.Like this, just can obtain the suitable flow condition that cooling gas infiltrates aeration gas stream.
Be preferably spacing between the two adjacent apertures that are evenly distributed with through-hole form between 2 to 15mm, especially between 5 to 12mm, preferably get higher value for single row configuration, get smaller value in difference row's the spacing that records between aperture that is staggered for many rows structure.Spacing between two rows is generally between 2 to 10mm.
In addition, jet apparatus can comprise that one is the outlet of a successive annulus form of slits at least, and this structure just can be regulated flow characteristics easily as long as regulate the width of slit groove.The width of this slit is generally between 0.3 to 1mm.
Other advantage of the present invention, details and feature will seem clearer by the description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view of present device;
Fig. 1 a is the enlarged view of Fig. 1 details, but it is as another embodiment;
Fig. 1 b is a kind of change of Fig. 1 a view;
Fig. 2 is the temperature distribution history on the burner outlet width under the exit region just in time; And
Fig. 3 is at the radially outward formed temperature distribution history of the turner periphery wall of centrifugal device.
Fiberization equipment as the equipment represented with simplified way in Fig. 1 mainly comprises turner 1, and the periphery wall 2 of this turner has a plurality of discharge apertures.Periphery wall 2 is connected in an edge 3 by a clamping ring 4, and this clamping ring 4 is because its shape is also referred to as " face shield ".As shown in drawings, periphery wall 2, face shield 4 and edge 3 form with single single piece generally.
Edge 3 is installed on the bolster 5, and this axle 5 is hollow in an illustrated embodiment, by the cavity supply molten mineral material of this tubular shaft.
In addition bolster 5 or or even edge 3 supporting one coaxial distribution device 6, so-called one " cup " or " basket ".Have the diapire of the distribution cup 6 of a periphery wall, wherein distribute the periphery wall of cup 6 that quantity aperture few relatively, that diameter is big is relatively arranged as turner.Distribute them by molten mineral material stream being divided into a plurality of fibrils that spread all over the inner peripheral surface of periphery wall 2.
Multiple heating unit is arranged: a ring-type intermediate frequency coil 7 around the turner 1, it mainly is the bottom of heating turner 1, cooling during especially for the underheating that compensates burner and contact environment air, these ambient airs obviously cool down owing to suck a large amount of air during turner 1 rotation; An and water-cooled ring-type external firing device 8.External firing device 8 circumferential wall 9 and 10 end and turner 1 leave some distances a little, for example apart from the 5mm order of magnitude, inwall 10 are flushed substantially with the last outward flange of turner 1.
Annular exterior burner 8 produces basic vertical high temperature and high speed air-flow that point to, that also pass through along periphery wall 2 thus.Air-flow is used for heating or keeping the temperature of periphery wall 2 on the one hand, helps the fusion mineral substance silk of ejection to be refined into fiber on the other hand.
As shown in drawings, be preferably in gas blower circle 11 that bigger spaced radial place is provided with a freezing air around external firing device 8, the main purpose of doing like this is the radial swelling of restriction hot blast, thereby prevents that formed fiber from contacting with annular magnet 7.
The outer well heater of turner 1 replenishes its inside by an interior annular burner 12, and annular burner 12 is positioned at the inside of bolster 5 in this, just and use in order to preheat cup 6 in the starting state process of fiberization equipment.
The general structure of aforesaid fiberization equipment is traditional.According to the present invention, the looped pipeline that contains cooling chamber 14 of periphery wall 9 is separated by a partition wall 15 again, so that the low-pressure cavity 16 (lower plenum chamber) of a cooling air is provided.Low-pressure cavity 16 is communicated with the burner outlet fluid by a series of apertures 17 in periphery wall 9.Cooling air or any other cooling gas enter burner outlet by aperture 17 and mix with burner gas at there.
The flow direction of the burner gas of aperture 17 horizontal expansions in burner outlet.Therefore, the kinetic energy of the aeration gas of being discharged by burner outlet does not have tangible change, makes the refinement condition can whether not be subjected to remarkable influence because of the existence of cooling air.
The form of aperture 17 and arrangement can adapt to the requirement to stable condition.In the example shown in the figure, it is that 2mm, adjacent spacing are the aperture 17 of 10mm that row's diameter is arranged.The diameter of considering turner is 400mm, and equally distributed 120 apertures 17 of a row are set on the whole circumference of looped pipeline 13.
If be fit to, aperture 17 also can be arranged in two or more rows, and Fig. 1 a illustrates the example of a kind of like this embodiment, and in this example, the spacing that different rows' adjacent 2mm aperture is 17 is 5.5mm.Also available slit 18 shown in Fig. 1 b replaces aperture 17, can allow the vertical width of advantageously regulating slit shown in Fig. 1 b double-headed arrow.This aperture 17 or slit 18 interchangeable structures have been arranged, just can under arbitrary given situation, satisfy the various needs of practical use.
In Fig. 2 and 3, show two temperature distribution that practical embodiments is measured.Fig. 2 illustrates the temperature distribution situation at 1mm place below the discharging area of a burner outlet, and Fig. 3 is illustrated in the periphery wall 2 of the turner 1 of 19mm distance below the discharging area of burner outlet the temperature distribution of the height of aperture topmost.The radial distance that provides the X-coordinate of measurement in Fig. 2 and 3 begins to measure from exit wall 9.
In a embodiment as shown in Figure 1a, record temperature distribution history A, and curve B is the temperature distribution history when not having shower cooling gas with two row's apertures 17.
Curve A and B itself just is good at saying something.Fig. 2 shows that cooling gas has reduced the effect of the temperature in the zone that is cooled that marks with C in the left side.As shown in Figure 3, risen near the temperature of turner 1 periphery, and turner 1 radially the temperature of the zone C that is cooled outside several millimeters descend sharp, thereby help the rapid curing of refinement fiber.
Above combination make fiber by eutectic melting point glass and emphasis the effect that the present invention produced described.But apparent, if the temperature of total raising burner then makes it to descend by aperture 17 or slit 18 supplied with cooling air, these effects also can be used for having the fibrosis of high fluxing point mineral material.