CN109203295B - Waste plastic recycling method - Google Patents
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- CN109203295B CN109203295B CN201810971186.3A CN201810971186A CN109203295B CN 109203295 B CN109203295 B CN 109203295B CN 201810971186 A CN201810971186 A CN 201810971186A CN 109203295 B CN109203295 B CN 109203295B
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000013072 incoming material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002894 chemical waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B2017/0089—Recycling systems, wherein the flow of products between producers, sellers and consumers includes at least a recycling step, e.g. the products being fed back to the sellers or to the producers for recycling purposes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste plastic recycling method, which comprises the following steps: (1) sorting the raw incoming material according to the source of the waste plastics; (2) taking one type of original incoming materials as a unit, putting the original incoming materials into a crushing, cleaning and dehydrating module for crushing, cleaning and dehydrating to obtain clean waste plastic fragments; storing the clean waste plastic fragments in a sheet stock container, and sampling and detecting the clean waste plastic fragments in each sheet stock container; (3) manufacturing a feeding scheme during material mixing according to the performance requirement of a target product; according to the feeding scheme, feeding clean waste plastic fragments in a corresponding sheet stock storage container into a sheet stock mixing device for uniform mixing; (4) transferring the mixed clean waste plastic fragments to a modification granulation device for modification granulation processing treatment to produce waste plastic particles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for producing waste plastics, in particular to a method for recycling and treating waste plastics.
Background
The recycling of waste plastics can save resources, improve the utilization rate of materials, protect the environment and reduce the occupied area, so the development prospect is wide. The existing waste plastic treatment comprises the processes of crushing, cleaning, dehydrating, modifying, granulating, packaging and the like. In the existing waste plastic recycling application field, the following defects exist:
1. the production of different process stages is completed by different manufacturers, for example, the manufacturer A is only responsible for crushing and cleaning waste plastics, the manufacturer B is responsible for heating the crushed and cleaned waste plastics to form particles, and the manufacturer C is responsible for performance testing, blending modification (possibly reheating to form modified particles) and packaging of the particle regenerated waste plastics, so that a complete and efficient waste plastic production line cannot be formed, and the production efficiency is low and the transportation cost is high.
2. In the process of recycling and treating waste plastics, because the sources of the waste plastics before processing are wide, the components and properties of the recycled same kind of waste plastics have diversity. The waste plastics produced by the above process have properties tested and blended until particles are formed, and thus the modified waste plastics particles produced by the above process have non-uniform properties and poor stability.
3. Because the properties of waste plastic raw materials of different batches are different, the materials are usually mixed randomly according to a formula in the existing production method, and when the regenerated waste plastic finally produced and processed is unqualified, the source of the used raw materials is difficult to trace, so that the reason of product unqualified is difficult to investigate.
4. Downstream customers of waste plastic particles are large groups of waste plastic product manufacturers (e.g., municipal sewer pipes, waste plastic turnaround boxes, waste plastic pallet manufacturing plants) because of the large amount of waste plastic particles consumed per piece of waste plastic product. The stability of the waste plastic particles is particularly important for downstream manufacturers, and the quality of the waste plastic particles with the same physical and chemical properties is greatly better than that of the waste plastic particles with the same physical and chemical properties. The waste plastic particles with non-uniform properties greatly increase the rejection rate of downstream manufacturers, have poor economic benefits and cause waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a waste plastic recycling method, which can obviously improve the uniformity of processed waste plastic particles, has high efficiency and low cost, and can produce waste plastic products with traceable raw material sources.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a waste plastic recycling method comprises the following steps:
(1) classifying the original incoming materials according to the source of the waste plastics, and recording the exclusive information of each class;
(2) taking one type of original incoming materials as a unit, putting the original incoming materials into a crushing, cleaning and dehydrating module for crushing, cleaning and dehydrating to obtain clean waste plastic fragments; storing the clean waste plastic fragments into a sheet stock container, sampling and detecting the clean waste plastic fragments in each sheet stock container, and recording the detected physical and chemical properties and the corresponding original incoming material category;
(3) designing a set of raw material combination scheme according to the performance requirement of a target product, wherein the raw material combination scheme is specifically represented by selecting materials of a sheet material storage container and the weight of the selected materials, and manufacturing a feeding scheme during material mixing; according to the feeding scheme, feeding clean waste plastic fragments in a corresponding sheet stock storage container into a sheet stock mixing device for uniform mixing;
(4) transferring the mixed clean waste plastic fragments into a modification granulation device for modification granulation processing treatment to produce waste plastic particles;
(5) and transferring the waste plastic particles to a packaging machine for packaging operation, and recording the original incoming material category and the feeding scheme of each package of waste plastic particles.
Preferably, step (4) further comprises a task of mixing the waste plastic particles, specifically comprising:
(a) storing the waste plastic particles processed by the modified granulating device into a particle storage container; sampling and detecting the waste plastic particles in each particle storage container, and recording the detected physical and chemical properties and the corresponding original incoming material types;
(b) designing a set of raw material combination scheme according to the performance requirement of a target product, wherein the raw material combination scheme is specifically represented by selecting the materials of a particle storage container and the amount of the selected materials, and manufacturing a feeding scheme during material mixing;
(c) according to the feeding scheme, feeding clean waste plastic chips in a corresponding particle storage container into a particle mixing device for uniform mixing;
the purpose of this is to: the waste plastic particles are mixed before packaging, so that the uniformity of the mixed waste plastic particles is better when the mixed waste plastic particles are packaged as a unit, and therefore, when each package of waste plastic particles is used as a raw material to carry out melt reprocessing of products, the waste plastic particles with high performance indexes and the waste plastic particles with low performance indexes can be mutually complemented, and the stability of the products is improved.
Preferably, in the step (4), the total amount of the target product is divided into a trial production part and a mass production part for production; the method comprises the following steps that a trial production part of the total amount of a target product is subjected to multi-batch granulation, waste plastic particles are stored in a plurality of particle material storage containers, each particle material storage container is used as a sampling detection unit, waste plastic particles are detected one by a sampling detection method to determine the physical and chemical properties of materials in each storage container, and the detection result is recorded; comparing the data detected by the trial production part of the total amount of the target product with the target performance corresponding to the feeding scheme of the primary mixing device, and if the performance of the waste plastic particles is inconsistent with the target performance corresponding to the feeding scheme, adjusting the mass production part of the total amount of the target product into a new feeding scheme, and processing the mass production part of the total amount; after processing, the mass production part and the trial production part are mixed in a secondary mixing device, and then the packaging is carried out in the step (5). If the performances are consistent, the production of the mass production part is continued according to the original scheme.
Preferably, the step (5) is followed by a step (6) of sampling the packaged waste plastic pellets in a package unit to determine respective performance indexes of the waste plastic pellets, and recording the results of the detection;
preferably, step (6) is followed by step (7) of searching the unqualified cause of the problematic waste plastic particles in the spot inspection, which comprises the following steps:
(a) tracing the feeding combination scheme of the problematic waste plastics;
(b) determining various performance indexes of the materials according to the feeding combination scheme and tracing the source of the waste plastics;
(c) the analysis determines the reason for the failure of the waste plastic particles to reach the standard, and the improved scheme is re-established.
Preferably, when the cause of the failure of the waste plastic particles to reach the standard is analyzed, the remaining sample of the broken waste plastic in the sheet material storage container corresponding to the found waste plastic source is detected and analyzed to judge the cause of the abnormality of the performance index. For example, the impurity content is too high.
Preferably, the granulation modification step (4) is preceded by the addition of a chemical waste plastic modifier (small molecule inorganic or organic, polymeric, etc.).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the waste plastic recycling method can process waste plastic particles with uniform performance and strong stability, thereby greatly improving the quality of products.
2. The raw materials generated by the crushing, cleaning and dehydrating module are subpackaged by adopting the sheet material storage containers, and the raw materials of each sheet material storage container are subjected to sampling inspection and recording, so that the fragmented materials obtained by each batch of incoming materials can be clearly distinguished and recorded; when the materials are fed according to the subsequently designed raw material combination scheme, the raw material sources of the materials from which the sheet material storage containers are fed are also known clearly, so that the raw material sources of the waste plastic particle finished products produced by the subsequent modified granulation module can be known clearly, and the raw material traceability is realized. According to the traceability, great help can be brought to production, for example, when finding that the final product is unqualified, the source of the original material of the product can be rapidly known, and the raw material is subjected to targeted detection and analysis according to the sample reserved in sampling detection, so that the reason why the product is unqualified can be rapidly found.
3. The system equipment carries out detailed data acquisition on the raw materials at each stage of production in the process of producing the raw materials, and the data volume is far larger than that of the existing production flow of the industry. The data can be used for production database construction, big data analysis and the like, and is helpful for feeding back important operation indexes such as production efficiency, input-output rate, raw material performance conditions and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a waste plastic recycling process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an apparatus for working by applying a waste plastic recycling process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 2, the waste plastic recycling method of the present invention is applied to a waste plastic recycling system, which is provided with a crushing, cleaning and dehydrating module 1, a modified granulation module 2 and a packing module 3, wherein the crushing, cleaning and dehydrating module 1 is respectively provided with a crushing device, a cleaning device and a dehydrating device, the modified granulation module is provided with a modified granulation device, a primary material mixing device is arranged between the crushing, cleaning and dehydrating module 1 and the modified granulation module 2, and the primary material mixing device comprises a sheet material mixing box or a sheet material mixing hopper 4 and a sheet material mixing and stirring device arranged in the sheet material mixing box or the sheet material mixing hopper 4; a plurality of sheet material storage containers 5 for storing the fragment materials generated by the crushing, cleaning and dehydrating module 1 are arranged between the crushing, cleaning and dehydrating module 1 and the first-stage material mixing device, and each sheet material storage container 5 forms a first detection unit; a second-stage mixing device is arranged between the modified granulation module 2 and the packaging module 3, and comprises a particle mixing box or a particle mixing hopper 6 and a particle mixing and stirring mechanism arranged in the particle mixing box or the particle mixing hopper 6; be equipped with a plurality of granule storage containers 7 that are used for saving the granule material that modified granulation module 2 produced between modified granulation module 2 and the second grade compounding device, every granule storage container 7 constitutes the second detecting element, still is equipped with bulk cargo module 10 and defeated material module 11 before broken washing dehydration module 1, modified granulation module 2 and packaging module 3, in addition, still is equipped with sewage treatment plant 8 and exhaust treatment device 9 among the waste plastics recovery system.
Referring to fig. 1, a waste plastic recycling method includes the steps of:
(1) classifying the original incoming materials according to the source of the waste plastics, and recording the exclusive information of each class;
(2) taking one type of original incoming materials as a unit, putting the original incoming materials into a crushing, cleaning and dehydrating module for crushing, cleaning and dehydrating to obtain clean waste plastic fragments; storing the clean waste plastic fragments into a sheet stock container, sampling and detecting the clean waste plastic fragments in each sheet stock container, and recording the detected physical and chemical properties and the corresponding original incoming material category;
(3) designing a set of raw material combination scheme according to the performance requirement of a target product, wherein the raw material combination scheme is specifically represented by selecting materials of a sheet material storage container and the amount of the selected materials, and manufacturing a feeding scheme during material mixing; according to the feeding scheme, feeding clean waste plastic fragments in a corresponding sheet stock storage container into a sheet stock mixing device for uniform mixing;
(4) transferring the mixed clean waste plastic fragments into a modification granulation device for modification granulation processing treatment to produce waste plastic particles;
(5) and transferring the waste plastic particles to a packaging machine for packaging operation, and recording the original incoming material category and the feeding scheme of each package of waste plastic particles.
Wherein, step (4) also includes the compounding task to the waste plastics granule, specifically includes:
(a) storing the waste plastic particles processed by the modified granulating device into a particle storage container; sampling and detecting the waste plastic particles in each particle storage container, and recording the detected physical and chemical properties and the corresponding original incoming material types;
(b) designing a set of raw material combination scheme according to the performance requirement of a target product, wherein the raw material combination scheme is specifically represented by selecting the materials of a particle storage container and the amount of the selected materials, and manufacturing a feeding scheme during material mixing;
(c) according to the feeding scheme, feeding clean waste plastic chips in a corresponding particle storage container into a particle mixing device for uniform mixing;
the purpose of this is to: the waste plastic particles are mixed before packaging, so that the uniformity of the mixed waste plastic particles is better when the mixed waste plastic particles are packaged as a unit, and therefore, when each package of waste plastic particles is used as a raw material to carry out melt reprocessing of products, the waste plastic particles with high performance indexes and the waste plastic particles with low performance indexes can be mutually complemented, and the stability of the products is improved.
In the step (4), the total amount of the target product is divided into a trial production part and a mass production part for production; the method comprises the following steps that a trial production part of the total amount of a target product is subjected to multi-batch granulation, waste plastic particles are stored in a plurality of particle material storage containers, each particle material storage container is used as a sampling detection unit, waste plastic particles are detected one by a sampling detection method to determine the physical and chemical properties of materials in each storage container, and the detection result is recorded; comparing the data detected by the trial production part of the total amount of the target product with the target performance corresponding to the feeding scheme of the primary mixing device, and if the performance of the waste plastic particles is inconsistent with the target performance corresponding to the feeding scheme, adjusting the mass production part of the total amount of the target product into a new feeding scheme, and processing the mass production part of the total amount; after processing, the mass production part and the trial production part are mixed in a secondary mixing device, and then the packaging is carried out in the step (5). If the performances are consistent, the production of the mass production part is continued according to the original scheme.
Wherein, the step (5) is followed by a step (6) of sampling and detecting the packaged waste plastic particles in a bag unit to determine each performance index of the waste plastic particles, and recording the detection result;
wherein, step (7) is further included after step (6) to search the unqualified reason for the problem waste plastic particles in the spot inspection, and the method specifically comprises the following operations:
(a) tracing the feeding combination scheme of the problematic waste plastics;
(b) determining various performance indexes of the materials according to the feeding combination scheme and tracing the source of the waste plastics;
(c) the analysis determines the reason for the failure of the waste plastic particles to reach the standard, and the improved scheme is re-established.
Wherein, when the reason that the waste plastic particles do not reach the standard is analyzed, the sample of the broken waste plastic in the sheet material storage container corresponding to the found waste plastic source is detected and analyzed, and the reason of the abnormal performance index is judged. For example, the impurity content is too high.
Wherein, chemical waste plastic modifier (small molecule inorganic matter or organic matter, high molecular matter, etc.) is added before the granulation modification step (4).
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A waste plastic recycling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) classifying the original incoming materials according to the source of the waste plastics, and recording the exclusive information of each class;
(2) taking one type of original incoming materials as a unit, putting the original incoming materials into a crushing, cleaning and dehydrating module for crushing, cleaning and dehydrating to obtain clean waste plastic fragments; storing the clean waste plastic fragments into a sheet stock container, sampling and detecting the clean waste plastic fragments in each sheet stock container, and recording the detected physical and chemical properties and the corresponding original incoming material category;
(3) designing a set of raw material combination scheme according to the performance requirement of a target product, wherein the raw material combination scheme is specifically represented by selecting materials of a sheet material storage container and the amount of the selected materials, and manufacturing a feeding scheme during material mixing; according to the feeding scheme, feeding clean waste plastic fragments in a corresponding sheet stock storage container into a sheet stock mixing device for uniform mixing;
(4) transferring the mixed clean waste plastic fragments into a modification granulation device for modification granulation processing treatment to produce waste plastic particles;
(5) transporting the waste plastic particles to a packaging machine for packaging operation, and recording the original incoming material category and feeding scheme of each package of waste plastic particles;
wherein, step (4) also includes the compounding task to the waste plastics granule, specifically includes:
(a) storing the waste plastic particles processed by the modified granulating device into a particle storage container; sampling and detecting the waste plastic particles in each particle storage container, and recording the detected physical and chemical properties and the corresponding original incoming material types;
(b) designing a set of raw material combination scheme according to the performance requirement of a target product, wherein the raw material combination scheme is specifically represented by selecting the materials of a particle storage container and the weight of the selected materials, and manufacturing a feeding scheme during material mixing;
(c) according to the feeding scheme, feeding clean waste plastic chips in a corresponding particle storage container into a particle mixing device for uniform mixing;
in the step (4), the total amount of the target product is divided into a trial production part and a mass production part for production; the method comprises the following steps that a trial production part of the total amount of a target product is subjected to multi-batch granulation, waste plastic particles are stored in a plurality of particle material storage containers, each particle material storage container is used as a sampling detection unit, waste plastic particles are detected one by a sampling detection method to determine the physical and chemical properties of materials in each storage container, and the detection result is recorded; comparing the data detected by the trial production part of the total amount of the target product with the target performance corresponding to the feeding scheme of the primary mixing device, and if the performance of the waste plastic particles is inconsistent with the target performance corresponding to the feeding scheme, adjusting the mass production part of the total amount of the target product into a new feeding scheme, and processing the mass production part of the total amount; after processing, mixing the mass production part and the trial production part in a secondary mixing device, and then packaging in the step (5); if the performances are consistent, the production of the mass production part is continued according to the original scheme.
2. The waste plastic recycling process of claim 1, further comprising step (6) after step (5), of sampling the packaged waste plastic pellets on a bale-by-bale basis to determine respective performance indices of the waste plastic pellets, and recording the results of the detection.
3. The waste plastic recycling process of claim 2, further comprising step (7) after step (6) of finding the cause of failure in the sampling of problematic waste plastic particles, specifically comprising the following operations:
(a) tracing the feeding combination scheme of the problematic waste plastics;
(b) determining various performance indexes of the materials according to the feeding combination scheme and tracing the source of the waste plastics;
(c) the analysis determines the reason for the failure of the waste plastic particles to reach the standard, and the improved scheme is re-established.
4. The waste plastic recycling method of claim 3, wherein when the cause of failure of the waste plastic pellet is analyzed, the remaining sample of scrap waste plastic in the sheet material storage container corresponding to the ascertained waste plastic source is detected and analyzed to determine the cause of abnormality in the performance index.
5. The waste plastic recycling method of claim 4, further comprising adding a waste plastic modifier before the granulation modification step 4.
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| CN201810971186.3A CN109203295B (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | Waste plastic recycling method |
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| CN201810971186.3A CN109203295B (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | Waste plastic recycling method |
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| CN104816402A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-05 | 冯愚斌 | Automatic packaging device and method of pelleting production of regenerative modification of recycled plastics |
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| CN104816402A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-05 | 冯愚斌 | Automatic packaging device and method of pelleting production of regenerative modification of recycled plastics |
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