CN109202290A - A kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment and method - Google Patents
A kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109202290A CN109202290A CN201811241338.0A CN201811241338A CN109202290A CN 109202290 A CN109202290 A CN 109202290A CN 201811241338 A CN201811241338 A CN 201811241338A CN 109202290 A CN109202290 A CN 109202290A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 title claims description 18
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Numerical Control (AREA)
Abstract
一种增减材复合制造装备及方法，属于先进制造技术领域。该装备包含工业机器人、砂箱模块、增材模块、减材模块和控制系统。所述工业机器人末端设有工具快换装置，用于实现增材模块和减材模块的运动与切换；所述砂箱模块用于控制加工面的升降、粉体材料的添加与铺平；所述增材模块用于产生和发射激光，并控制反射轨迹和聚焦；所述减材模块利用加工主轴和刀具加工零件表面；所述控制系统用于实现I/O控制、运动控制、功率控制和轨迹控制。本发明实现了激光增材制造与数控加工技术的结合，解决了现有选择性激光烧结技术的精度和表面光洁度不理想等问题。
A composite manufacturing equipment and method for adding and subtracting materials belongs to the field of advanced manufacturing technology. The equipment includes industrial robots, sandbox modules, additive modules, subtractive modules and control systems. The end of the industrial robot is provided with a tool quick change device, which is used to realize the movement and switching of the additive module and the subtractive module; the sand box module is used to control the lifting of the processing surface and the addition and leveling of powder materials; The additive module is used to generate and emit laser light, and control the reflection trajectory and focusing; the subtractive module uses the machining spindle and the tool to process the surface of the part; the control system is used to realize I/O control, motion control, power control and track control. The invention realizes the combination of laser additive manufacturing and numerical control processing technology, and solves the problems of unsatisfactory precision and surface finish of the existing selective laser sintering technology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to advanced manufacturing technology fields, are related to a kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment, further relate to a kind of utilization
The method that the equipment is increased and decreased material composite manufacturing.
Background technique
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) raw material based on increasing material manufacturing principle are extensive, process velocity is fast and shape
Precision is high, is the important support of rapid prototyping technology.But due to the scale of powder, laser focused spot size and discrete
Change the influence of demixing technology, geometric accuracy and surface smoothness are not ideal.Traditional Computerized Numerical Control processing technology has
In high precision, the features such as great surface quality, it can make up for it the above problem.Therefore, laser gain material manufacture and Computerized Numerical Control processing technology have
Effect combination will have broad application prospects.
Increase and decrease material composite manufacturing based on " discrete-accumulation-control " principle.Firstly generate the CAD model of part；
Then by model according to thickness hierarchy slicing, level merges Packing parameter and machined parameters generate path code, and system is according to rail
Mark accumulates material and machining control；Ultimately form entity component.The technology has high-precision without being bound by the complexity of part
Degree, the advantages that high efficiency and stock utilization are high.
Summary of the invention
The problems such as geometric accuracy existing for existing SLS technology and undesirable surface smoothness, the present invention provide
A kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment and method.Effective combination that function is manufactured by increase and decrease material improves element precision, processing
Efficiency and stock utilization.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment, including industrial robot 1, sandbox module, increase material module, subtract material module and control
System 2 processed.
The industrial robot 1 is gathered around there are six joint, for drawing above the laser scanning device 7 to sandbox module
Increase material position, be also used for traction described in subtract material module by subtract material machining locus movement.1 end of industrial robot is equipped with tool quick change
Device 3 realizes laser scanning device 7 and subtracts being switched fast for material module.
The sandbox module includes lifting device 4 and powder feeder unit 5.The lifting device 4 is for controlling machined surface
It rises and declines.The powder feeder unit 5 is used to add powder body material on machined surface and pave.Before each increasing material manufacturing starts,
The decline setting of lifting device 4 increases material thickness, and powder feeder unit 5 is completed the addition of powder body material and paved.
The increasing material module includes laser 6 and laser scanning device 7.Needed for the laser 6 is for generating and emitting
Laser, and for adjusting laser power.The laser scanning device 7 is used to control the reflection trace of laser, and realizes that laser is poly-
It is burnt.Laser scanning device 7 is drawn by industrial robot 1 to behind the increasing material position above sandbox module, laser 6 start to generate and
The laser of transmitting setting power, the reflection and focusing of laser are controlled by laser scanning device 7, realizes the increasing material manufacturing of part.
The material module that subtracts includes machining spindle 8 and cutter 9.The machining spindle 8 is used to clamp the cutter 9, and is
The rotary motion of cutter 9 provides power.The cutter 9 is used for the treatment of surfaces of components.It is drawn subtracting material module by industrial robot 1
While movement, machining spindle 8 rotates, and cutter 9 contacts piece surface, and realization subtracts material manufacture.
The control system 2 includes robot controller, sandbox controller and laser controller.The robot controller
The process data generated according to computer is realized to tool fast replacing device 3, subtracts the I/O control of material module, and realizes to industrial machine
The motion control of device people 1.The sandbox controller is realized according to the process data controls the motion control of sandbox module and I/O
System.The laser controller is realized according to the process data to I/O control, power control and the TRAJECTORY CONTROL for increasing material module.
A kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing method is equipped using above-mentioned increase and decrease material composite manufacturing and is carried out, comprising the following steps:
Step (a): obtaining the CAD model of part, and imports in computer 10.It is determined according to part C AD model and increases material system
Increasing material position during making increases material thickness, powdering speed and subtracts subtracting material thickness, subtracting material speed, master in material manufacturing process
The technological parameters such as axis revolving speed complete the data processing of entire manufacturing process.Wherein, subtract material thickness and be not less than an increasing material thickness,
It is determined according to the specific structure of part C AD model, size.
Step (b): robot controller sends control instruction control industrial robot 1 and moves to 11 top of rack, utilizes
Tool fast replacing device 3 is connect with laser scanning device 7, is then controlled the traction laser scanning device 7 of industrial robot 1 and is moved to sand
Increasing material position above tank module.
Step (c): sandbox controller sends control instruction control lifting device 4 and declines an increasing material thickness, then controls
Powder feeder unit 5 adds powder body material on machined surface and paves by powdering speed.
Step (d): laser controller sends control instruction control laser 6 and generates and emit the laser of setting power, and
The track reflection of the completion laser of laser scanning device 7 is controlled according to above-mentioned data and is focused, and laser action is realized on machined surface
Increasing material manufacturing.
Step (e): repeating step (c)~(d), until the dropping distance of lifting device 4 reach setting subtract material thickness.
Step (f): robot controller sends control instruction control industrial robot 1 and moves to 11 top of rack, utilizes
Tool fast replacing device 3 first unclamps connection after laser scanning device 7 and subtracts material module, then controls industrial robot 1 by subtracting material speed
Traction subtracts material module according to above-mentioned data motion, while controlling machining spindle 8 and carrying out surface milling according to speed of mainshaft clamping cutter 9
It cuts realization and subtracts material manufacture.
Step (g): robot controller sends control instruction control industrial robot 1 and moves to 11 top of rack, utilizes
The release of tool fast replacing device 3 subtracts material module.
Step (h): repeating step (b)~(g), until total data is finished, i.e., entire part manufacturing terminates.
A kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment of the invention and method, by utilizing industrial robot and tool fast replacing device
The combination of laser gain material manufacture and Computerized Numerical Control processing technology is realized, there is the complexity without being bound by part, in high precision, efficiently
The advantages that rate and high stock utilization, efficiently solves geometric accuracy existing for existing SLS technology and surface smoothness not
The problems such as ideal.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1 industrial robot；2 control systems；3 tool fast replacing devices；4 lifting devices；5 powder feeder units；6 lasers；
7 laser scanning devices；8 machining spindles；9 cutters；10 computers；11 racks.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and effect clearer, clear and definite, now in conjunction with schematic structural view of the invention and
Flow diagram, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is to explain this hair
It is bright, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipments, and Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.The knot
Structure includes industrial robot 1, sandbox module, increases material module, subtracts material module and control system 2.
Industrial robot 1 is gathered around there are six joint, for drawing the increasing material position above laser scanning device 7 to sandbox module
Set, be also used for traction subtract material module by subtract material machining locus movement.1 end of industrial robot is equipped with tool fast replacing device 3, realizes
Laser scanning device 7 and subtract being switched fast for material module.
Sandbox module includes lifting device 4 and powder feeder unit 5.Lifting device 4 is used to control the rise and fall of machined surface.
Powder feeder unit 5 is used to add powder body material on machined surface and pave.Before each increasing material manufacturing starts, lifting device 4 declines
Setting increases material thickness, and powder feeder unit 5 is completed the addition of powder body material and paved.
Increasing material module includes laser 6 and laser scanning device 7.Laser 6 is used in combination for generating and emitting required laser
In adjusting laser power.Laser scanning device 7 is used to control the reflection trace of laser, and realizes that laser focuses.Laser scanning dress
7 are set by after the traction to the increasing material position above sandbox module of industrial robot 1, laser 6 starts to generate and emit setting power
Laser, by laser scanning device 7 control laser reflection and focusing, realize the increasing material manufacturing of part.
Subtracting material module includes machining spindle 8 and cutter 9.Machining spindle 8 is the rotation of cutter 9 for clamping the cutter 9
Transhipment is dynamic to provide power.Cutter 9 is used for the treatment of surfaces of components.While subtracting material module by 1 pulling motion of industrial robot, add
Work main shaft 8 rotates, and cutter 9 contacts piece surface, and realization subtracts material manufacture.
Control system 2 includes robot controller, sandbox controller and laser controller.Robot controller is according to calculating
The process data that machine generates is realized to tool fast replacing device 3, subtracts the I/O control of material module, and realizes the fortune to industrial robot 1
Dynamic control.Sandbox controller is realized according to the process data and is controlled the motion control of sandbox module and I/O.Laser controller
It is realized according to the process data to I/O control, power control and the TRAJECTORY CONTROL for increasing material module.
Specifically, robot controller sends the company of I/O instruction control electromagnetic valve gas circuit direction implementation tool fast replacing device 3
It connects or unclamps.The on-off that robot controller sends I/O instruction control relay realizes the start and stop of machining spindle 8.Robot control
Device processed sends movement instruction control robot driver and drives robot servo motors rotation, then by inside industrial robot 1
The movement of each axis of transmission mechanism control.
Specifically, sandbox controller sends movement instruction control lift servo driver driving lift servo motor rotation,
Elevating screw rotation is driven to realize the rise and fall of machined surface.Sandbox controller sends movement instruction and controls powder supply servo-drive
Device drives the rotation of powder supply servo motor, drives the addition of the rotation realization powder of powder supply lead screw and paves.
Specifically, the laser head that laser controller sends in I/O instruction control laser 6 generates and transmitting laser, and leads to
It overregulates output voltage and changes laser power.Laser controller sends reflecting optics in movement instruction control laser scanning device 7
Rotation angle, realize the TRAJECTORY CONTROL of laser.
The present invention provides a kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing method, Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention, including
Following steps:
Step S21: obtaining the CAD model of part, and imports in computer 10.It is determined according to part C AD model and increases material system
Increasing material position during making increases material thickness, powdering speed and subtracts subtracting material thickness, subtracting material speed, master in material manufacturing process
The technological parameters such as axis revolving speed complete the data processing of entire manufacturing process.
Step S22: robot controller sends control instruction control industrial robot 1 and moves to 11 top of rack, utilizes
Tool fast replacing device 3 is connect with laser scanning device 7, is then controlled the traction laser scanning device 7 of industrial robot 1 and is moved to sand
Increasing material position above tank module.
Step S23: sandbox controller sends the control instruction control decline of lifting device 4 and increases material thickness, then controls powder supply
Device 5 adds powder body material on machined surface and paves by powdering speed.
Step S24: laser controller sends control instruction control laser 6 and generates and emit the laser of setting power, and
The track reflection of the completion laser of laser scanning device 7 is controlled according to above-mentioned data and is focused, and laser action is realized on machined surface
Increasing material manufacturing.
Step S25: repeating step S23~S24, until the dropping distance of lifting device 4, which reaches, subtracts material thickness.
Step S26: robot controller sends control instruction control industrial robot 1 and moves to 11 top of rack, utilizes
Tool fast replacing device 3 first unclamps connection after laser scanning device 7 and subtracts material module, then controls industrial robot 1 by subtracting material speed
Traction subtracts material module according to above-mentioned data motion, while controlling machining spindle 8 and carrying out surface milling according to speed of mainshaft clamping cutter 9
It cuts realization and subtracts material manufacture.
Step S27: robot controller sends control instruction control industrial robot 1 and moves to 11 top of rack, utilizes
The release of tool fast replacing device 3 subtracts material module.
Step S28: repeating step S22~S27, until total data is finished, i.e., entire part manufacturing terminates.
Above to be taken off, preferred embodiment only provided by the present invention is not intended to limit the invention the range of embodiment,
All relevant arts in the art according to the present invention carried out by equivalent change, should all belong to the range that is covered of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment, which is characterized in that the increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment includes industrial machine
People (1), increases material module, subtracts material module and control system (2) sandbox module；
The industrial robot (1) is gathered around there are six joint, for drawing the increasing material above laser scanning device (7) to sandbox module
Position, be also used for traction described in subtract material module by subtract material machining locus movement；Industrial robot (1) end is equipped with tool
Fast replacing device (3) for realizing laser scanning device (7) and subtracts being switched fast for material module；
The sandbox module includes lifting device (4) and powder feeder unit (5)；The lifting device (4) is for controlling machined surface
Rise and fall；The powder feeder unit (5) is used to add powder body material on machined surface and pave；Start in each increasing material manufacturing
Before, lifting device (4) decline setting increases material thickness, and powder feeder unit (5) is completed the addition of powder body material and paved；
The increasing material module includes laser (6) and laser scanning device (7), and laser scanning device (7) is by industrial robot (1)
Behind traction to the increasing material position above sandbox module, laser (6) starts to generate and emit the laser of setting power, passes through laser
Scanning means (7) controls the reflection and focusing of laser, realizes the increasing material manufacturing of part；
The material module that subtracts includes machining spindle (8) and cutter (9), is subtracting material module by industrial robot (1) pulling motion
Meanwhile machining spindle (8) clamping cutter (9) rotation, cutter (9) contact piece surface, realization subtracts material manufacture；
The control system (2) includes robot controller, sandbox controller and laser controller；The robot controller root
The process data generated according to computer is realized to tool fast replacing device (3), subtracts the I/O control of material module, and realizes to industrial machine
The motion control of device people (1)；The sandbox controller realizes motion control and the I/O to sandbox module according to the process data
Control；The laser controller is realized according to the process data controls the I/O control, power control and the track that increase material module
System.
2. being increased and decreased material composite manufacturing method using increase and decrease material composite manufacturing described in claim 1 equipment, it is characterised in that
Following steps:
Step (a): obtaining the CAD model of part, and imports in computer (10)；Increasing material manufacturing is determined according to part C AD model
Increasing material position in the process increases material thickness, powdering speed and subtracts subtracting material thickness, subtracting material speed, main shaft in material manufacturing process
Revolving speed technological parameter completes the data processing of entire manufacturing process；Wherein, subtract material thickness and be not less than an increasing material thickness, according to
The specific structure of part C AD model, size determine；
Step (b): robot controller sends control instruction control industrial robot (1) and moves to above rack (11), utilizes
Tool fast replacing device (3) is connect with laser scanning device (7), then controls industrial robot (1) traction laser scanning device (7)
Move to the increasing material position above sandbox module；
Step (c): sandbox controller sends control instruction control lifting device (4) and declines an increasing material thickness, and then control supplies
Powder device (5) adds powder body material on machined surface and paves by powdering speed；
Step (d): laser controller sends the laser that control instruction control laser (6) generates and emits setting power, and root
The track reflection of laser is completed according to above-mentioned data control laser scanning device (7) and is focused, and laser action is realized on machined surface
Increasing material manufacturing；
Step (e): repeating step (c)~(d), until the dropping distance of lifting device (4) reach setting subtract material thickness；
Step (f): robot controller sends control instruction control industrial robot (1) and moves to above rack (11), utilizes
Tool fast replacing device (3), which first unclamps laser scanning device (7) and connects afterwards, subtracts material module, then controls industrial robot (1) by subtracting
Material speed drawing subtracts material module according to above-mentioned data motion, while controlling machining spindle (8) and clamping cutter (9) according to the speed of mainshaft
It carries out surface milling realization and subtracts material manufacture；
Step (g): robot controller sends control instruction control industrial robot (1) and moves to above rack (11), utilizes
Tool fast replacing device (3) release subtracts material module；
Step (h): repeating step (b)~(g), until total data is finished, i.e., entire part manufacturing terminates.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811241338.0A CN109202290A (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | A kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment and method |
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| CN201811241338.0A CN109202290A (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | A kind of increase and decrease material composite manufacturing equipment and method |
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| CN110076464A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-02 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | The method of controlled attitude laser milling composite polishing synchronous processing |
| CN110435129A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-12 | 江苏汇博机器人技术股份有限公司 | A kind of the robot vision guidance 3D printing system and its working method of teaching-oriented |
| CN110653822A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-07 | 深圳创源航天科技有限公司 | Industrial robot arc micro-explosion and cutting combined machining equipment and control method thereof |
| CN110976763A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 郑州中兴三维科技有限公司 | Side-arranged arm type 3D sand mold printing equipment |
| CN111940727A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-11-17 | 天津斯沃姆科技发展有限公司 | Four-station near-net forming equipment for increasing and decreasing materials and forming method |
| CN113695570A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-26 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Increase and decrease material combined machining equipment with self-cleaning function |
| CN115106539A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-09-27 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Integrated control method and system for adding and subtracting materials |
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| CN113695570A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-26 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Increase and decrease material combined machining equipment with self-cleaning function |
| CN115106539A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-09-27 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Integrated control method and system for adding and subtracting materials |
| CN115106539B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2023-07-14 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Addition and subtraction integrated control method and system |
| CN115889973A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-04-04 | 广东省科学院智能制造研究所 | Laser material increase and decrease manufacturing method for ceramic mold core |
| CN115889973B (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2024-02-20 | 广东省科学院智能制造研究所 | A method for manufacturing ceramic mold cores by laser addition and subtraction of materials |
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Application publication date: 20190115 |