CN109206227A - 一种高海拔地区切挖边坡土壤修复专用肥料 - Google Patents
一种高海拔地区切挖边坡土壤修复专用肥料 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
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- GIAFURWZWWWBQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound NCCOCCO GIAFURWZWWWBQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UGWKCNDTYUOTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [Cu].OS(O)(=O)=O UGWKCNDTYUOTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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Abstract
本发明提供一种高海拔地区切挖边坡土壤修复专用肥料，它由原料组分含牦牛粪堆肥、有机多元微肥、化学肥料、凹凸棒粉、海藻酸钠在一定条件下进行有效复混制得。对改善高海拔地区切挖边坡创面人工土壤理化特性、提高肥效、促进植被恢复方面效果明显。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种肥料，特别是指一种高海拔地区切挖边坡土壤修复专用肥料。
背景技术
我国高海拔地区主要发布在西藏、青海、四川、甘肃、新疆的青藏高原地区，海拔一般在3000m以上，气候十分寒冷。高海拔的青藏高原地区位于中国西南部，横断山脉以西，喜马拉雅山以北，昆仑山和阿尔金山、祁连山以南，面积约占全国的25%。随着社会进步和经济快速发展，我国在高海拔地区的公路、铁路、水电等工程建设项目日益增多，而工程建设过程中的岩土工程施工经常要切挖边坡。切挖边坡使原有土壤植被覆盖层遭到剥离，导致了区域生态环境的严重破坏。土壤修复是切挖边坡创面生态治理的重要基础，而肥料又是土壤修复必不可少的重要物资。然而，由于缺乏有针对性的、配比合理的、使用效果良好的专用肥料，在高海拔地区切挖边坡土壤修复过程中仍采用市场上购买的用于农田土壤的普通肥料，因存在用肥不合理、肥料适应性差、肥料利用率低等生产问题，导致高海拔地区切挖边坡创面人工土壤培肥和植被恢复的效果不明显。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高海拔地区切挖边坡土壤修复专用肥料，以克服现有技术存在的不足，具有原料易得、生产成本低、性能稳定、肥效持久、生物学有效性高等特点，对改善高海拔地区切挖边坡创面人工土壤理化特性、提高肥效、促进植被恢复方面效果明显。
本发明的目的是通过如下的技术方案来实现的，一种高海拔地区切挖边坡土壤修复专用肥料的制备方法按照以下步骤进行：
①将牦牛粪、羊粪、酒糟、锯末、几丁寡糖按重量35~70：0~50：5~50：0~25：0~35的比例混合均匀，然后将混合物进行好氧堆肥，为样品1；
②将组分重量百分比为10%~35%的酒石酸、赖氨酸、橡椀栲胶、二甘醇胺中至少一种放入反应釜中，用组分重量百分比为10%~35%的水、双氧水中至少一种溶解，然后将组分重量百分比为10%~40%的硼砂、15%~50%的硫酸锌、10%~40%的硫酸亚铁、5%~35%的硫酸铜、5%~35%的硫酸锰加入反应釜中，在70~130℃下进行0.5~6小时络合反应，冷至室温后加压2~6 kg/cm2处理，放置10~50小时固化干燥，为样品2；
③取组分重量百分比分别为5%~30%的样品1、5%~20%的样品2、55%~85%的化学肥料、0.5%~5%的凹凸棒粉、0.5%~5%的海藻酸钠经过复混制得最终产品。
化学肥料的各种有效元素以纯养分计的重量百分比为：氮5%~25%、五氧化二磷3~21%、氧化钾5~21%。化学肥料中的各种有效元素分别由下述物质提供：氮取自于尿素或/和磷酸铵或/和硫酸铵、磷取自于过磷酸钙或/和磷酸二氢钾或/和磷酸二铵、钾取自于氯化钾或/和硫酸钾或/和磷酸二氢钾。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1：
将牦牛粪、酒糟按重量50：50的比例混合均匀，然后将混合物进行好氧堆肥，制得含牦牛粪堆肥备用。将组分重量百分比为25%的酒石酸放入反应釜中，用组分重量百分比为25%的水溶解，然后将组分重量百分比为15%的硼砂、15%的硫酸锌、10%的硫酸亚铁、5%的硫酸铜、5%的硫酸锰加入反应釜中，在100℃下进行2小时络合反应，冷至室温后加压3kg/cm2处理，放置20小时固化干燥，制得有机多元微肥备用。取组分重量百分比分别为20%的含牦牛粪堆肥、10%的有机多元微肥、25%的硫酸铵、18%的磷酸铵、25%的硫酸钾、1%的凹凸棒粉、1%的海藻酸钠经过复混制得最终产品。
实施例2：
制备时操作程序与实施例1相同。只是在本发明的操作程序所规定的范围内对原材料的种类、数量以及温度、时间、压强有改变，仍同样制备成本发明的一种高海拔地区切挖边坡土壤修复专用肥料。
Claims (3)
1.一种高海拔地区切挖边坡土壤修复专用肥料，其特征在于按照以下步骤进行：
①将牦牛粪、羊粪、酒糟、锯末、几丁寡糖按重量35~70：0~50：5~50：0~25：0~35的比例混合均匀，然后将混合物进行好氧堆肥，为样品1；
②将组分重量百分比为10%~35%的酒石酸、赖氨酸、橡椀栲胶、二甘醇胺中至少一种放入反应釜中，用组分重量百分比为10%~35%的水、双氧水中至少一种溶解，然后将组分重量百分比为10%~40%的硼砂、15%~50%的硫酸锌、10%~40%的硫酸亚铁、5%~35%的硫酸铜、5%~35%的硫酸锰加入反应釜中，在70~130℃下进行0.5~6小时络合反应，冷至室温后加压2~6 kg/cm2处理，放置10~50小时固化干燥，为样品2；
③取组分重量百分比分别为5%~30%的样品1、5%~20%的样品2、55%~85%的化学肥料、0.5%~5%的凹凸棒粉、0.5%~5%的海藻酸钠经过复混制得最终产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种高海拔地区切挖边坡土壤修复专用肥料，其特征在于化学肥料的各种有效元素以纯养分计的重量百分比为：氮5%~25%、五氧化二磷3~21%、氧化钾5~21%。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种高海拔地区切挖边坡土壤修复专用肥料，其特征在于化学肥料中的各种有效元素分别由下述物质提供：氮取自于尿素或/和磷酸铵或/和硫酸铵、磷取自于过磷酸钙或/和磷酸二氢钾或/和磷酸二铵、钾取自于氯化钾或/和硫酸钾或/和磷酸二氢钾。
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