CN1091704A

CN1091704A - Bogies for railway vehicles with variable gap between wheels

Info

Publication number: CN1091704A
Application number: CN93114188A
Authority: CN
Inventors: I·N·兰达
Original assignee: Investigacion y Asesoramiento Tecnico SA INVATESA
Current assignee: Investigacion y Asesoramiento Tecnico SA INVATESA
Priority date: 1992-09-30
Filing date: 1993-09-29
Publication date: 1994-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 2013-09-29
Also published as: EP0591088B1; DK0591088T3; ES2078137B1; UA27042C2; PL172477B1; FI934295A0; JPH06115431A; EP0591088A1; CN1052693C; LT3157B; HU9302758D0; RU2123952C1; HUT71016A; RO114581B1; ES2078137A1; GR3025932T3; DE69314746D1; SK105093A3; AU671144B2; FI934295L

Abstract

Bogies for railway vehicles with variable gap between wheels, comprise that a central frame (1), four swing arms are by means of relative joint (2) and central frame (1) combination, the end that is used for the supported box of each tourelle all is arranged on each joint (2), tourelle can transverse displacement, this wheel is positioned on each two position corresponding to two kinds of rail roads, according to this situation, the relative part of each arm is installed on the coil spring (4), the bottom of this spring is arranged on the bottom surface of central frame, and a vertical bumper (5) has been installed in this regional end.

Description

Bogies for railway vehicles with variable gap between wheels

This specification sheets is about a patent of invention, it relates to the bogies for railway vehicles with variable gap between wheels, its tangible purpose provides a variable gap between the bogie truck wheel, this bogie truck is equipped with independently wheel and drg, each tourelle is made of a wheel that is fixed on the independent axes, this independent axes is provided with the supporting that is positioned at two ends, this bogie truck depends on each possible displacement in whole tourelles, and the change that supported box is provided with is only relevant with bogie truck.

The present invention is applied in the rolling stock construction industry, and its general utilization is also in railway industry.

As everyone knows, the problem of existence proposes by hindering passenger and goods transport now in some railway networks, improves this situation realizing some principles and solution, so that eliminate in existing many shortcomings during from passenger and goods transport.

Although be not matched with passenger vehicle or the set universal bogie truck of lorry less than this problem being obtained satisfied fully terms of settlement, particularly relating to before this.

One of present terms of settlement is to replace whole bogie trucks, to this, very need improve passenger car body-give the element that dismounting earlier constitutes drg, and a large amount of line network of automatically controlled usefulness etc., these operations are lost a large amount of time significantly, and extreme is arduous.

In addition, the work that is known that a series of devices makes by moving and may realize the variable gap of wheel on axis body, still, it is a real actual way that this feasible way does not demonstrate, because relevant with it detection and maintenance are very complicated and expensive.

The main difficulty that makes it to obtain the suitable mechanism of this kind pattern is, wheel is fixed tightly on the axis body so that it can provide the assurance of safety, toughness or the like, is assemblied on the axle under pressure according to distinctive program as wheel.

In addition, should change in a short time if desired and automatically form, and have enough big spacing can make the resonable running state of thinking travel and do not need the overhaul between tool car of this equipment, can obtain one in an actual field is very difficult to all transmission devices that require all to prove effective.

Known existing patent of invention is to Spain application, and the patent No. is 332,453, and this patent was that this company also is the applicant of this patent with the name application of TALGO.S.A company at that time.In described patent, imagined the structure of using the single axle truck that between wheel, has variable gap.

Yet, in general range of the present invention, consider a series of device accurately, in essence so that railway components obtains a kind of good operation is not desired.

The bogie truck of the rolling stock with variable gap of advising according to structure of the present invention, it itself is tangible terms of settlement to existing problem, based on reason be to stipulate in the present invention, each tourelle is constituted by being fixed on the wheel that is equipped with on the independent axes of supporting at two ends, the possibility of whole tourelle displacement is depended in this supporting, and the change of supported box position only changes along with the state of bogie truck.

In this way, in a tourelle, express same feature-in fact obtained imagination-these features that change gauge be present in a kind of general-duty tourelle that is used for the bottom gauge.

In a more definite method, bogies for railway vehicles with variable gap between wheels can allow the gap between vehicle have one to change fast when through an anchor fitting, and this anchor fitting is realized required operation to operation through the networking with different gauges.

This novel steering frame of the present invention has following advantage:

-this tourelle and the same type of rolling bearing of in the industry service, using and testing all the year round through patent TALGO company, the said firm also is the applicant of this patent, two kinds of wheels that constituted operate on the European railway network and on Hispanic two kinds of gauges every day.

-process from a gauge to another gauge realizes that at a gauge modifier this modifier is similar to the gauge modifier of TALGO tourelle present use, aforementioned.

The adjusting of-starting and braking is to be matched with two gauges, without any need for the additional operations that is used for adapting to or another gauge.

Usually, mainly constitute, four swing arms are connected on the central frame, be provided with the supported box that is used for each tourelle in the end of each swing arm by corresponding joint by central frame as the bogie truck of theme of the present invention.

Described tourelle can side travel, and these wheels are set on two positions corresponding to two kinds of gauges.

The opposed part of each arm is placed on the coil spring, and the lower end of spring is placed in the bottom of central frame.

The shock absorber of opposing vertical is installed in the end of this part.

In these devices each that is to say, swing arm and joint, and coil spring and shock absorber constitute the suspension of relative tourelle.

Except this first suspension, this bogie truck is provided with the second other suspension.

For improve with the cooperating of each independent wheel on curve track conformability and eliminate the characteristic of dynamic effect, the bogie truck of this type is equipped a kind of guidance system or can be matched with the system of articulated type bogie truck.

Four tourelles of each bogie truck assembling, each tourelle is made of semiaxis, wheel, a brake disc, and all these are assembled together, and in the end of semiaxis supported box are housed.

Top at supported box is provided with cylinderical surface, and on general run location, the opposite end of bogie truck swing arm leans against on the drum surface.

For load is distributed on the areal of support in average mode, can between supported box and shell, insert an elastomeric thin plate, and this piece thin plate must be bonded in securely on this areal of support.

Upright position between supported box and swing arm is determined with this method.

In order to understand this specification sheets better, must consider that longitudinal axis, application force and displacement are designed to be parallel to track, horizontal then perpendicular to track, as parallel plane.

Described cylinderical surface promptly automatically is centered on the theoretical position on the axis of supported box in the vertical.

This vertical smooth surface is assemblied on the vertical relatively smooth surface of insert in ground, back mode previous with one.

Between the shell of supported box and sleeve, insert a resilient bushing, so that supporting can have a little degree of freedom to block any little arrangement error.This freely needs, so that two supportings that the transverse force that causes of being in operation passes to the swing arm of bogie truck and passes each semiaxis.

Lug is positioned on the front and back vertical surface of each supported box, and mounted thereto, forms the crosswise fixed element of supported box.

When between the backstop apparatus of swing arm case and some latches, regulating, stoped any cross travel of supported box.

Two vertical vertical contact surfaces of each described lug are separated to have a segment distance mutually, and it is poor that this distance is similar to half gauge that deducts latch thickness.

And bridge bonded assembly latch is longitudinally regulated between two vertical surface of swing arm case with its outer athwartship plane, and the swing arm case is maintained on the position of correction, because this latch is adjusted between the vertical longitudinal surface with swing arm case bonded assembly insert.

Use the method, this latch only may move in vertical direction, and the displacement on its what its direction in office is blocked by the rigidity backstop apparatus.

In vertical direction, this latch is fixed on by spring on its run location, and the pretension of spring is higher than the additional power of bolt device weight, and this power can stop them to descend.

According to above-mentioned situation, this spring installation is replenished by an additional safe holding device.

The bridge of this bolt device is such design-calculated, promptly belongs to the bottom that the T-shape spare of anchor fitting can insert described bridge, and this T-shape spare makes it vertical displacement to its reinforcing, and latch is descended, and overcomes the opposite force of spring, retainer and friction.

Described bridge is a design-calculated in this way, and promptly its inboard is engaged on the inclined-plane, and this inclined-plane leans against on the guide rail that uncages of anchor fitting, and therefore, these ramp effect are in the center of bridge.

By means of the insert on the vertical surface that is assemblied in swing arm, except the effect of a horizontal backstop apparatus being used for latch, this bridge is provided with vertical athwartship plane, and the surface of supported box is done vertically to regulate on this vertical athwartship plane.

In addition, be provided with a cross slide way, it has the bevelled upper surface, and this upper surface constitutes the sliding surface of supported box when the tourelle cross travel.

The lower surface of lug has same degree of dip, and common in service, and lug leaves and is parallel to it from the upper surface of guide rail.

After bogie truck was draped, this supported box dropped to the lower surface place of the lug that is placed on the track, owing to contact has produced cross travel.

The leaning angle of the sliding surface of guide rail stops when indivisible operation and adheres on it.The described indivisible horizontal displacement that when gauge changes, can hinder wheel.

Be arranged on the hang plate of lug by means of the rub sliding part of the composite material of inserting coefficient and high compression resistance of a kind of low slip, the slip of this tourelle is very easily when change their positions on per two gauges.

By the vertical transverse face of lug, the manipulation of following the car side brake in displacement is very rapidly.

At this, supplemental instruction is understood feature of the present invention better with help according to priority, as the accompanying drawing of an invention part, shows as follows with an embodiment and unconfined mode:

Fig. 1 has represented a lateral plan that is used for the bogie truck of rolling stock, and it has the variable gap between the wheel, object promptly of the present invention.

Fig. 2 has represented the planar view of embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 has represented the transparent view of four tourelles forming in the bogie truck of the present invention.

Fig. 4 represents the lateral plan of drum surface, and on this drum surface, the opposite end of the swing arm of this bogie truck is limited in the run location of a routine.

The planar view of embodiment in Fig. 5 presentation graphs 4.

The part sectional view of embodiment among Fig. 6 presentation graphs 4 and Fig. 5 along the A-B line.

Fig. 7 represents the transparent view of vertical smooth surface, one previous after, they are in the vertical relatively smooth surface adjusted of insert.

The partial view of embodiment in Fig. 8 presentation graphs 7 is corresponding to the location and the locking member of supported box in the hanging frame of swing arm.

In Fig. 9

presentation graphs

7 and 8 along the detail drawing of C-D line.

Figure 10 represents the partial front elevation view by the case shell of tourelle and supporting.

Figure 11 represents the transparent view of dead bolt device.

Figure 12 represents the cutaway view of structure among Figure 11.

Figure 13 represents a planar view that is used to change the fixed equipment of gauge.

Figure 14 be illustrated on the slide rail that operation limits in and carriage.

Can see the structure of the bogies for railway vehicles that between wheel, has variable gap by these figure, it is theme of the present invention, at first it has the profile of a central frame 1, and four swing arms on it are connected on the supported box 9 that covers on each tourelle 3 by the device in relative joint 2 in each end.

These tourelles 3 can cross motion, and this wheel is positioned on two positions corresponding to two gauges.

The arm of both sides is set on the relative coil spring 4 relatively, and the lower end of this spring is arranged on the bottom of central frame 1.

The bumper 5 of opposing vertical has been installed in the end of aforementioned areas.

Each described device promptly has swing arm, coil spring and the bumper in joint, has constituted the suspension of corresponding tourelle.

Although the present invention does not depict the figure of conventional bogie truck, for improve with the cooperating of each independent wheel in, the characteristic of conformability on curve and elimination dynamic effect, this bogie truck will be equipped with a kind of guidance system or a kind of system that is matched with the articulated type bogie truck.

Four tourelles of each bogie truck assembling as shown in Figure 3, each tourelle by a semiaxis 6, wheel 7, brake disc 8 constitutes and be assembled together, and in the end of semiaxis supported box 9 is housed.

Have a cylinderical surface 10 at the top of the supported box shown in Fig. 39, on common run location, the opposed end of bogie truck swing arm leans against on this cylinderical surface, shown in the cutaway view of Fig. 4.

For load is distributed on the area supported more fifty-fifty, can between supported box and outer casing stand, insert an elastic sheet, this piece thin plate must be bonded on this area supported securely.

Upright position between supported box and swing arm is determined with said method fully.

In order to understand this specification sheets better, must consider that longitudinal axis, application force and displacement all are parallel to track, horizontal those elements that then are perpendicular to track are as each parallel plane.

11, one of vertical smooth surfaces previous on the smooth surface of the opposing vertical that afterwards is fixed on

insert

12 and 13.

Between the shell of supported box and sleeve, insert a resilient bushing, so that supporting can have a little degree of freedom, so that offset any little arrangement error, this degree of freedom needs, two supportings that the transverse force that causes of being in operation passes to the swing arm of bogie truck and passes each semiaxis.

Lug 14 is positioned on the front and back vertical surface of each supported box, and mounted thereto, forms the crosswise fixed element of supported box.

The backstop apparatus 15 or 15 of swing arm case ' and latch 16 between when regulating, these latches stop any cross travel of supported boxs.

Two vertical vertical contact surfaces of each described lug 14 are separated to have a segment distance mutually, and it is poor that this distance is similar to half gauge that deducts latch 16 thickness.

And its an outer athwartship plane of bridge 17 bonded assembly latches 16 usefulness is longitudinally regulated between two vertical surface of swing arm, the swing arm case is maintained on the position of correction, because this latch is adjusted between the vertical longitudinal surface with swing arm case bonded

assembly insert

12 and 13.

Use the method, this latch only may move in vertical direction, and the displacement on its what its direction in office is stopped by the rigidity backstop apparatus.

In vertical direction, this latch is fixed on by spring 18 on its run location, and initial tension of spring is higher than the dynamic force that bolt device weight is added, and stops them to descend.

At last, this spring installation 18 is replenished by an additional safe holding device 19.

The bridge 17 of this bolt device is such design-calculated, promptly belongs to the bottom that the T-shape spare of anchor fitting can insert described bridge, and this T-shape spare makes it displacement and latch is descended to its application of force, overcomes the opposite force of the maintenance and the friction of spring.

Described bridge is such design-calculated, and promptly its inboard is engaged on the inclined-plane, and this inclined-plane places on the nothing lock guide rail of anchor fitting, and therefore, this ramp effect is in the center of bridge.

The design of this form has been illustrated in the transparent view and cutaway view of Figure 11 and 12.

By means of the insert on the vertical surface that is assemblied in the

swing arm case

12 and 13, except the effect of a horizontal backstop apparatus being used for latch, this bridge is provided with vertical athwartship plane, and the face 11 of supported box is done vertically to regulate on this vertical athwartship plane.

In addition, insert 13 has a cross slide way 20, it has the bevelled upper surface, and this upper surface constitutes the sliding surface of relative supported box when the tourelle cross travel.

The lower surface 21 of lug 14 has same degree of dip, and common in service, and lug leaves and is parallel to it from the upper surface of guide rail 20.

After bogie truck was draped, this supported box dropped to lower surface 21 places of the lug 14 that is placed on the track, owing to contact has produced cross travel.

The leaning angle of the sliding surface of guide rail 20 stops and adheres to thereon when indivisible in service, and is described indivisible when gauge changes, and can hinder the horizontal displacement of wheel.

The sliding part of making by means of the composite material with a kind of low coefficient of sliding resistance and high compression resistance is arranged on the hang plate 21 of lug, and the slip of this tourelle is very easily when change their positions on per two gauges.

Although do not draw, following the manipulation of the drg of wheel displacement is very rapidly on the vertical transverse face 22 of lug 14.

In order to replenish this explanation, realize being used for being matched with the gap change between the wheel of per two gauges, concisely provide as follows in order to several workses of realizing theme of the present invention:

The change in the gap between wheel generally is to be arranged in the fixed sturcture that changes platform by means of one.

This transformation when bogie truck be that continuous this speed can reach and is 20km/n to the maximum by described anchor fitting on each bogie truck during through a speed that has reduced.

Figure 13 has schematically described to constitute several elements of anchor fitting, is described as follows:

The rail end of this big gauge is a benchmark 23, and the rail end of less gauge is a benchmark 24.

Benchmark 25 is slide rails and to middle guide; Benchmark 26 is to open and dead bolt; Benchmark 27 is guide and the elastic components that are used for mobile tourelle; And rigid element 28.

If a bogie truck is located in anchor fitting and passes bigger gauge, shown in Figure 13 left side, when vehicle movement, the process that is used for changing gauge is as follows:

In order to realize the motor performance of tourelle, this wheel must not support any load, and the supporting that this has just obtained the bogie truck on guide rail that is to say, has obtained the unloading wheel.

The uninstall process of this wheel is realized in the pulsation-free mode, descend at the rail front rail 23 that interrupts, and when dextrad moment, diameter according to wheel, the operation parts of this slip and centering are assemblied in the swing arm of bogie frame, the benchmark 29 among Fig. 2 with 30 will with it corresponding slip with middle orbit is contacted.

In order to obtain the bigger areal of support between sliding and running spare 30 and slip rail 25, particularly when beginning to contact, this operation part 30.B passes through a spherical hinge formula tilt of joint on its supporting 30.A.

The operation part that this is supporting, and the operation part of centering makes by plastic material, and use water lubricating, therefore, when they slide, obtained a very low friction coefficient on slide rail.

Have the very big advantage lubricated with water lubricating, because under any circumstance can not pollute above other kind.

As long as tourelle is unloaded, it just must unclamp tourelle from the double locking of bolt rod, and for this anchor fitting that uncages has four oriention benchmarks 26 that uncage-lock, these benchmark suitably are arranged on the Y of this device.

The section on the top of these guide rails adopts the profile of a T-shape to allow the latch bridge to enter wherein, and because the profile of its vertical section 31, this latch is fallen, and keeps the state that uncages at the core of guide rail, is level fully at its section of this place.

Because the friction member of this latch bridge 32 also is to make with plastic material, for obtain above-mentioned advantage also water realize lubricating.

In the process that this latch uncages, the elastic part of guide rail that is used for mobile tourelle is corresponding to the inside face of gauge 27 contact at wheel.

The pressure that applies thereon helps unclamping latch.

Before described latch unclamped, in case the wheel unloading, this tourelle descended trippingly, and was not bearing in the top 10 of the supported box on the swing case base, and in addition, the dip plane 21 of described lug 14 leans on the dip plane of guide rail 20.

After this, when as the tourelle reach of the bogie truck of theme of the present invention during by anchor fitting, this wheel lose with side on the contacting of elastomeric element of moving track, enter wherein by wheel, subsequently, the rigid element contact of their moving tracks on opposite side that is to say, is provided with less gauge herein.

When wheel contacted with rigid element, this latch unclamped, and this wheel is converted to less gauge.

After this, wheel still contacts with the elastic part of moving track, and the apolipsis guide rail that is to say upwards extruding of latch to pin this latch.

Elastic portion branch applied pressure by moving guide rail pins latch at an easy rate.

In case the moving process of tourelle is finished, this tourelle all is locked on the position corresponding to the track with less gauge.

At last, because tourelle is still in reach, by the moment of determining that exists, this wheel contact is on the track of less gauge track, and aforesaid slip and centering operation part loses and the contacting of the rail that slides, and bogie truck enters on the position of a track that operates in this gauge.

The reverse procedure that passes through on the track from the track of less gauge to big gauge is to realize with same method.

Do not need to consider to make the expert of the industry understand scope of the present invention and by the interests that wherein obtain with more explanation.

The material of its assembly, shape, size and layout are disclosed in the modification, carry these and do not mean that the present invention is done any change in essence.

In the clause of this specification sheets record, can comprise a kind of sufficient and unconfined understanding.

Claims

1. A railway vehicle bogie with variable clearance between wheels is characterized in that it is mainly composed of a central frame (1), and four swing arms are combined with the central frame (1) by means of corresponding joints (2). The end of the support box of each rolling device is arranged on a joint (2), and the rolling device can move laterally. These wheels are arranged at two positions corresponding to the two gauges, and the opposite sides The arm rests on a helical spring (4), the lower end of which is set at the bottom of the central frame, and a vertical shock absorber (5) is placed at the end of this area, each device consists of a articulated swing arm, a helical The spring and shock absorber constitute the suspension of the rolling device. In addition to the first suspension, the bogie is provided with a second suspension. The whole device is equipped with a guide rail system, or a kind of .

2. Railway vehicle bogies with variable clearance between wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that each bogie is equipped with four rolling devices, which are composed of a half shaft (6), a wheel ( 7) The braking device (8), which are assembled with each other, and the opposite support box (9) is installed at the end of the half shaft, the top of the support box (9) has a -cylindrical surface, in In the usual operating position, the end of the oscillating arm of the bogie leans against this cylindrical surface, distributing the load on the bearing surface, and between the bearing box and the housing bracket it is possible to insert - an elastic sheet, which is securely Bond to one of these surfaces.

3. The railway vehicle bogie with variable clearance between wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical position between the support box and the swing arm is determined in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical surface, and The shaft of the bearing box is automatically centered in its theoretical position. The vertical smooth surface (11) has smooth surfaces in tandem. They are adjusted on the vertical smooth surfaces of the inserts (12) and (13). There is an elastic bushing between the support box and the casing of the bushing, which constitutes a certain free angle for the support, so as to block the lateral force caused by the alignment error of the shaft during operation, and the lateral force passes through Two bearing boxes on each half shaft transmit to the swivel arms of the bogie.

4. The railway vehicle bogie with variable clearance between wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that the lugs (14) are located on the front and rear vertical surfaces of each support box and are installed on it to form the support box. Lateral fixing element, the bearing box is fitted on the stop (15) or (15') of the swing arm box and the latches (16) which prevent the lateral displacement of the bearing box, and each of said lugs (14 ) are separated from each other by a distance approximately half the gauge minus the thickness of the bolt (16).

5. Railway wheel bogie with variable clearance between wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that the pin (16) connected to a bridge (17) is connected with its outer transverse face on both sides of the swing arm box. Longitudinally adjusted between two vertical planes, the swing arm box is held in a transverse position when adjusting the vertical longitudinal planes of the inserts (12) and (13), which are connected to the swing arm box, the latch only in the vertical direction Upward movement, while other displacements are blocked by rigid stoppers.

6. Railway vehicle bogie with variable clearance between wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that the springs (18) are held fixedly in their operating position due to their pretensioning force, which Above the dynamic force added to the weight of the latch means, which results in hindering their descent, the spring means (18) is supplemented by an additional safety retaining means (19).

7. Railway vehicle bogie with variable clearance between wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that the bridge (17) of the latch device is constructed in such a way that a "T"-shaped piece can be inserted into the lower part of the bridge , this "T" piece belongs to the fixture which prevents the vertical displacement of the bridge and the lowering of the bolt and overcomes the opposing forces of the retainer of the spring and the friction, the bridge is designed in such a way that its inside face fits in on the ramp, which rests on the non-locking rail of the fixture, so that this ramp acts on the central area of the bridge, when the inserts (12) and (13) fit on the vertical plane of the swing arm box, except for Apart from a transverse stop for the bolt, the face (11) of the support box is adjusted longitudinally in a vertical transverse plane.

8. Railway vehicle bogie with variable clearance between wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that the part (13) is an insert which, in addition to a transverse guide (20), also has an inclined The upper surface, when the rolling device slides laterally, the inclined upper surface constitutes a sliding surface, and the lower surface of the lug (14) has the same slope. The surface is away from and parallel to it.

9. Railway vehicle bogie with variable clearance between wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the bogie is suspended, the bearing box is lowered to the rest position and the lugs (14) on the track (20) ) at the lower surface (21), the displacement due to contact is obtained, and the inclination angle of the sliding surface of the guide rail (20) prevents adhesion on it when running a very small amount when the gauge changes Can hinder the horizontal displacement of the wheel.

10. A railway vehicle bogie with variable clearance between wheels according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the bogie is fitted with slides made of composite metal having a low coefficient of sliding friction and high compression resistance material, it is located on the sloping plate (21) of the lug, and it is easy to make the displacement of the rolling device when the rolling device moves in the position of two gauges, and the brake operation with the displacement of the wheel is on the lug (14 ) is very rapid on the vertical and lateral planes.