CN109136289A - 一种酒精发酵促进剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种酒精发酵促进剂及其制备方法，属于医药技术领域。包含下列重量份的组分：尿素35～90份、磷酸二胺40～85份、山梨醇脂肪酸酯10～20份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯10～20份、聚乙二醇份5～15份、硫酸钾2～8份、硫酸钙2～8份、硫酸锰3～15份、醋酸锌5～15份、醋酸钙5～25份、硫酸镁2～20份。本发明所提供的酒精发酵促进剂的制备方法工艺简单，适用于工厂化的规模生产；尤其是高酒精浓度的浓醪发酵，且添加量少、作用效果良好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及酒精发酵技术领域，尤其涉及一种酒精发酵促进剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
酒精是主要以淀粉和糖类为原料，在无氧条件下，通过微生物(如酒精酵母)发酵方法制备而得。目前，酒精生产企业常用的酒精发酵方法是浓醪发酵，即高浓度发酵，具体表现在生产有高酒份、高渗透压、高酵母数的特点，可以使企业获得最大的酒精产率，提高企业生产能力；同时减少煤、电、工艺用水的消耗，降低生产成本。酒精酵母是酒精发酵生产的主要载体，其生长繁殖不仅直接影响酒精的产量和质量，而且会影响原料的转化利用。
具有“发酵助推器”之称的发酵促进剂能有效促进酵母快速繁殖、代谢，提高酵母活性及环境耐受力，加快酵母耗糖能力；促进发酵进程，缩短发酵周期；降低发酵残糖，提高原料利用率和出酒率；满足酒精企业节粮降耗、降低综合生产成本和运行费用的需求等，是广大酒精生产企业在酒精生产过程中不可缺少的利器。
之前，酒精厂一般采用添加大量尿素、二胺等方法来为酵母添加营养，使其保持旺盛的发酵机能，但该传统方法只能为酵母补充氮源(或氮源和磷源)，而缺少了酵母生长繁殖需要的其他营养元素，发酵速率低。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种酒精发酵促进剂及其制备方法，用以解决上述技术问题。
本发明解决其技术问题所采取的技术方案包括：
一种酒精发酵促进剂，包含下列重量份的组分：尿素35～90份、磷酸二胺40～85份、山梨醇脂肪酸酯10～20份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯10～20份、聚乙二醇份5～15份、硫酸钾2～8份、硫酸钙2～8份、硫酸锰3～15份、醋酸锌5～15份、醋酸钙5～25份、硫酸镁2～20份。
进一步地，包含下列重量份的组分：尿素45～75份、磷酸二胺55～65份、山梨醇脂肪酸酯13～18份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯13～17份、聚乙二醇份8～12份、硫酸钾4～6份，硫酸钙4～6份、硫酸锰5～12份、醋酸锌7～12份、醋酸钙10～20份、硫酸镁5～15份。
进一步地，包含下列重量份的组分：尿素50份、磷酸二胺50份、山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚乙二醇份10份、硫酸钾5份、硫酸钙5份，硫酸锰10份、醋酸锌10份、醋酸钙15份、硫酸镁10份。
上述酒精发酵促进剂的制备方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
(1)表面活性物的选择：选取山梨醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇作为表面活性物；
(2)酵母复合营养物的配制：以重量份数计，分别称取硫酸钾、硫酸钙、硫酸锰、醋酸锌、醋酸钙、硫酸镁，均匀混合后作为酵母复合营养物；
(3)以重量份数计，将尿素、磷酸二胺、表面活性物、酵母复合营养物混配后，即得该酒精发酵促进剂。
进一步地，以重量份数计，所述酵母复合营养物由硫酸钾5份、硫酸钙5份，硫酸锰10份、醋酸锌10份、醋酸钙15份、硫酸镁10份混配而得。
进一步地，以重量份数计，所述表面活性物由山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚乙二醇份10份混合而得。
进一步地，以重量份数计，所述尿素为50份、磷酸二胺为50份。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明酒精发酵促进剂，山梨醇脂肪酸酯是脂肪酸与山离醇在碱催化剂、加热条件的作用下脱水酯化而得，是一种非离子表面活性剂。其状态为油溶性液状或蜡状物，能溶于热油和多种有机溶剂，不溶于水，均具有优良的乳化能力和分散力，适于用作油包水型乳化剂，且易生物降解；而且无毒无臭，可用作安全的食品添加剂。
聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯，又名吐温、聚山梨酯，其分子中有较多的亲水性基团-聚氧乙烯基，故亲水型强，为非离子型表面活性剂，常用作乳化剂和油类物质的增溶剂。
聚乙二醇是由环氧乙烷与水或乙二醇通过逐步加成聚合反应而得，无毒、无刺激性，具有良好的水溶性，并与许多有机物组份有良好的相溶性。还具有优良的润滑性、保湿性、分散性、粘接剂、抗静电剂及柔软剂等，在化妆品、制药、化纤、橡胶、塑料、造纸、油漆、电镀、农药、金属加工及食品加工等行业中均有着极为广泛的应用。
以上表面活性物可以改变细胞膜的渗析性，促进细胞内外物质交换能力，提高酶的水解能力。
2、本发明酒精发酵促进剂，酵母复合营养物可提供酵母在生长代谢过程中所需的矿物质和维生素等副营养物质，解决酒精发酵中的酵母营养缺乏问题。其中K可以促进酵母细胞的增大；Zn可以让酵母生长旺盛；Mg在酒精发酵过程中是多种糖酵解酶必不可少的营养元素，而Ca、Mn具有与Mg相似的作用效果，还可以刺激酵母的活力；生长素如烟酸、肌醇等是酵母增殖所必需的生物活素。
3、本发明所提供的酒精发酵促进剂的制备方法工艺简单，适用于工厂化的规模生产；尤其是高酒精浓度的浓醪发酵，且添加量少、作用效果良好。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例进一步阐述本发明，但并不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
一种酒精发酵促进剂，包含下列重量份的组分：尿素35份、磷酸二胺40份、山梨醇脂肪酸酯10份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯10份、聚乙二醇份5份、硫酸钾2份、硫酸钙2份、硫酸锰3份、醋酸锌5份、醋酸钙份、硫酸镁2份。
上述酒精发酵促进剂的制备方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
(1)表面活性物的选择：以重量份数计，山梨醇脂肪酸酯10份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯10份、聚乙二醇份5份混合作为表面活性物；
(2)酵母复合营养物的配制：以重量份数计，分别称取硫酸钾2份、硫酸钙2份、硫酸锰3份、醋酸锌5份、醋酸钙份、硫酸镁2份，均匀混合后作为酵母复合营养物；
(3)以重量份数计，将尿素35份、磷酸二胺40份、以及上述重量份的表面活性物、酵母复合营养物混配后，即得该酒精发酵促进剂。
实施例2
一种酒精发酵促进剂，包含下列重量份的组分：尿素50份、磷酸二胺50份、山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚乙二醇份10份、硫酸钾5份、硫酸钙5份，硫酸锰10份、醋酸锌10份、醋酸钙15份、硫酸镁10份。
上述酒精发酵促进剂的制备方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
(1)表面活性物的选择：以重量份数计，山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚乙二醇份10份混合作为表面活性物；
(2)酵母复合营养物的配制：以重量份数计，分别称取硫酸钾5份、硫酸钙5份，硫酸锰10份、醋酸锌10份、醋酸钙15份、硫酸镁10份，均匀混合后作为酵母复合营养物；
(3)以重量份数计，将尿素50份、磷酸二胺50份、以及上述重量份的表面活性物、酵母复合营养物混配后，即得该酒精发酵促进剂。
实施例3
一种酒精发酵促进剂，包含下列重量份的组分：尿素90份、磷酸二胺85份、山梨醇脂肪酸酯20份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯20份、聚乙二醇份15份、硫酸钾8份、硫酸钙8份、硫酸锰15份、醋酸锌15份、醋酸钙25份、硫酸镁20份。
上述酒精发酵促进剂的制备方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
(1)表面活性物的选择：以重量份数计，山梨醇脂肪酸酯20份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯20份、聚乙二醇份15份混合作为表面活性物；
(2)酵母复合营养物的配制：以重量份数计，分别称取硫酸钾8份、硫酸钙8份、硫酸锰15份、醋酸锌15份、醋酸钙25份、硫酸镁20份，均匀混合后作为酵母复合营养物；
(3)以重量份数计，将尿素90份、磷酸二胺85份、以及上述重量份的表面活性物、酵母复合营养物混配后，即得该酒精发酵促进剂。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不是本发明的全部实施例，不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
除说明书所述技术特征外，其余技术特征均为本领域技术人员已知技术，为了突出本发明的创新特点，上述技术特征在此不再赘述。
Claims (7)
1.一种酒精发酵促进剂，其特征在于，包含下列重量份的组分：尿素35～90份、磷酸二胺40～85份、山梨醇脂肪酸酯10～20份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯10～20份、聚乙二醇份5～15份、硫酸钾2～8份、硫酸钙2～8份、硫酸锰3～15份、醋酸锌5～15份、醋酸钙5～25份、硫酸镁2～20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的酒精发酵促进剂，其特征在于，包含下列重量份的组分：尿素45～75份、磷酸二胺55～65份、山梨醇脂肪酸酯13～18份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯13～17份、聚乙二醇份8～12份、硫酸钾4～6份，硫酸钙4～6份、硫酸锰5～12份、醋酸锌7～12份、醋酸钙10～20份、硫酸镁5～15份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的酒精发酵促进剂，其特征在于，包含下列重量份的组分：尿素50份、磷酸二胺50份、山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚乙二醇份10份、硫酸钾5份、硫酸钙5份，硫酸锰10份、醋酸锌10份、醋酸钙15份、硫酸镁10份。
4.一种如权利要求1～3任一所述的酒精发酵促进剂的制备方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：
(1)表面活性物的选择：选取山梨醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇作为表面活性物；
(2)酵母复合营养物的配制：以重量份数计，分别称取硫酸钾、硫酸钙、硫酸锰、醋酸锌、醋酸钙、硫酸镁，均匀混合后作为酵母复合营养物；
(3)以重量份数计，将尿素、磷酸二胺、表面活性物、酵母复合营养物混配后，即得该酒精发酵促进剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的酒精发酵促进剂的制备方法，其特征在于，以重量份数计，所述酵母复合营养物由硫酸钾5份、硫酸钙5份，硫酸锰10份、醋酸锌10份、醋酸钙15份、硫酸镁10份混配而得。
6.根据权利要求4所述的酒精发酵促进剂的制备方法，其特征在于，以重量份数计，所述表面活性物由山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯15份、聚乙二醇份10份混合而得。
7.根据权利要求4所述的酒精发酵促进剂的制备方法，其特征在于，以重量份数计，所述尿素为50份、磷酸二胺为50份。
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