CN109104201B - Frequency correlation IQ mismatch calibration and compensation method based on FFT operation - Google Patents
Frequency correlation IQ mismatch calibration and compensation method based on FFT operation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a frequency correlation IQ mismatch calibration and compensation method based on FFT operation. The method compensates frequency-dependent IQ mismatch in a receiver by adding a digital matched filter to an I path or a Q path of a digital baseband of the receiver in a wireless broadband communication system. The digital matched filter coefficient is obtained through a calibration algorithm, the process is that a positive frequency point composite calibration signal is sent at a transmitter, frequency domain signals of all frequency points are obtained through FFT operation at a receiver digital baseband after the signals pass through a calibration path, deviation values needing to be compensated of all the frequency points are sequentially calculated according to the frequency domain signals of the positive frequency points and the frequency domain signals of mirror image negative frequency points, and the frequency domain deviation values are subjected to IFFT operation to obtain tap coefficients of the digital matched filter. The method is suitable for calibration and compensation of IQ mismatch with frequency dependence in a broadband wireless communication system, has a wide application range, and is particularly suitable for a wireless broadband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a frequency correlation IQ mismatch calibration and compensation method based on FFT operation.
Background
Modern wireless communication technologies mostly adopt high bandwidth and high-order modulation modes to realize high-rate wireless transmission. For example, the latest wlan standard 802.11ac protocol can selectively support 160M bandwidth and 256QAM modulation scheme, and the system design of high bandwidth and high-order modulation provides more stringent standards and requirements for calibration and compensation of the non-ideal characteristics of the rf front end.
Affected by the inconsistency of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of devices such as an IQ two-path filter and an amplifier of the analog baseband part, gain mismatch and phase errors caused by IQ mismatch are inconsistent at different frequency points, namely the IQ mismatch is frequency-dependent. Image signal interference caused by IQ mismatch can reduce signal-to-noise ratio of signals and affect EVM of a transmitter and a receiver. As communication system bandwidth increases, frequency-dependent IQ mismatch becomes more common, and therefore calibration and compensation of frequency-dependent IQ mismatch is key to improving performance of broadband wireless communication systems.
In the prior art, frequency-independent IQ mismatch is usually calibrated and compensated, and therefore, for a broadband wireless communication system, a method capable of effectively eliminating the frequency-dependent IQ mismatch needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an effective calibration and compensation method for receiver frequency correlation IQ mismatch, thereby improving the overall performance of a wireless broadband communication system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a frequency correlation IQ mismatch calibration and compensation method based on FFT operation is used for calibrating and compensating the frequency correlation IQ mismatch of a wireless broadband communication system comprising a transmitter and a receiver, a digital matched filter is added in an I path or a Q path of a digital baseband of the receiver, a tap coefficient of the digital matched filter is obtained through calibration based on FFT operation, and the frequency correlation IQ mismatch in an analog path of the receiver in the wireless broadband communication system is compensated through the digital matched filter.
Preferably, the method for obtaining the tap coefficients of the digital matched filter through calibration based on FFT operation comprises: the method comprises the steps that a positive frequency point composite calibration signal is sent by a transmitter, after the positive frequency point composite calibration signal passes through an analog calibration path of the wireless broadband communication system, frequency domain signals of all positive frequency points and frequency domain signals of negative frequency points of images corresponding to all positive frequency points are obtained in a digital baseband part of a receiver through FFT (fast Fourier transform algorithm), deviation values of all frequency points needing frequency domain compensation are calculated according to the frequency domain signals of all positive frequency points and the frequency domain signals of the negative frequency points of the images, and then the deviation values of all frequency points needing frequency domain compensation are subjected to IFFT (inverse fast Fourier transform) operation to obtain tap coefficients of a digital matched filter.
Preferably, the method of obtaining tap coefficients of the digital matched filter through calibration based on FFT operation includes the steps of:
step (1): switching the wireless broadband communication system to a frequency correlation IQ calibration mode, and establishing an IQ analog calibration path in the wireless broadband communication system;
step (2): generating the positive frequency point composite calibration signal at a digital baseband of the transmitter, wherein the positive frequency point composite calibration signal is output to the digital baseband of the receiver through a transmitting link of the transmitter, the IQ analog calibration path and a receiving link of the receiver;
and (3): a digital baseband of the receiver calls an FFT module to perform FFT operation on received signals to obtain frequency domain signals POS _ FX [ k ] of each frequency point corresponding to the positive frequency point composite calibration signal, and the frequency domain signals POS _ FX [ k ] are stored as FFT results corresponding to the positive frequency point composite calibration signal, the number of the frequency points adopted by the FFT operation is N, k is a frequency point serial number, k is-N/2, …, N/2-1, the frequency point serial number k is 1,2, …, N/2-1 corresponds to a positive frequency point, k is 0 and corresponds to 0, k is-1, -2, …, -N/2 corresponds to a negative frequency point, and the negative frequency point and the positive frequency point which have the same frequency point serial number absolute values are mirror image frequency points;
and (4): according to the frequency point sequence, for positive frequency points with k being 1,2, … and N/2-1, sequentially calculating ADD _ POS [ k ] ═ POS _ FX [ k ] + POS _ FX [ k ] and SUB _ POS [ k ] ═ POS _ FX [ k ] -, wherein POS _ FX [ k ] is a conjugate signal of a frequency domain signal of a negative frequency point mirrored by each positive frequency point;
and (5): sequentially calculating amplitude absolute values ADD _ POS _ ABS [ k ] and SUB _ POS _ ABS [ k ] and phase angles ADD _ POS _ ARG [ k ] and SUB _ POS _ ARG [ k ] of ADD _ POS [ k ] and SUB _ POS [ k ] according to the frequency point sequence;
and (6): sequentially calculating gain compensation basic values F xi _ gain _ POS (k) ═ ADD _ POS _ ABS [ k ]/SUB _ POS _ ABS [ k ] and phase compensation basic values F ξ _ ARG _ POS (k) ═ ADD _ POS _ ARG [ k ] -SUB _ POS _ ARG [ k ];
and (7): calculating the gain compensation value of each frequency point based on the gain compensation basic value of the digital matched filter corresponding to each positive frequency point
Calculating the phase compensation value of each frequency point based on the phase compensation basic value of the digital matched filter corresponding to each positive frequency point
And (8): obtaining deviation values of F xi (k) ═ F xi _ gain (k) ([ cos (F xi _ arg (k)) + j × sin (F xi _ arg (k)) ], k ═ N/2, … and N/2-1, wherein each frequency point needs to be subjected to frequency domain compensation;
and (9): and performing N-point IFFT operation on the deviation value of each frequency point which needs to be subjected to frequency domain compensation to obtain N tap coefficients of the digital matched filter.
Preferably, in the step (1), the IQ analog calibration path is established by directly inputting a signal output from a mixer in a transmission link of the transmitter to a mixer in a reception link of the receiver.
Preferably, in the step (2), the positive frequency point composite calibration signal is a random number with a positive part and a negative part of 1 and an imaginary part of 0 for each positive frequency point, and the real part and the imaginary part of each negative frequency point and the real part and the imaginary part of 0 frequency point are both 0.
Preferably, in the step (9), the first T effective tap coefficients are selected as T-order tap coefficients of the digital matched filter.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the invention can calibrate and compensate the frequency correlation IQ mismatch of the wireless broadband communication system, can effectively improve the accuracy of IQ signal calibration, improves the overall performance of broadband wireless communication, has wide application range, and is particularly suitable for the wireless broadband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system.
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Fig. 1 is a system diagram of receiver frequency-dependent IQ mismatch calibration and compensation.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples of embodiments shown in the drawings to which the invention is attached.
The first embodiment is as follows: the wireless broadband communication system comprises two parts of a transmitter and a receiver which are independent, wherein a transmitting link (an analog path of the transmitter) is formed in the transmitter, a receiving link (an analog path of the receiver) is formed in the receiver, and a frequency-dependent IQ mismatch analog calibration path of the receiver is required to connect the analog links of the transmitter and the receiver for communication.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for calibrating and compensating for frequency-dependent IQ mismatch of a receiver in the above 802.11ac wireless broadband communication system is implemented by adding a digital matched filter to the I path or Q path of the digital baseband of the receiver to compensate for frequency-dependent IQ mismatch caused by an analog filter, a radio frequency device, and the like in the analog receiving path. In this embodiment, the digital matched filter is added to the Q path of the digital baseband. Wherein the tap coefficients of the digital matched filter are obtained by calibration based on FFT operation. The specific calibration process comprises the steps of sending a positive frequency point composite calibration signal at a transmitter, obtaining the size of frequency domain signals of all positive frequency points and the size of frequency domain signals of mirrored negative frequency points at a receiver digital baseband through FFT (fast Fourier transform) operation after the positive frequency point composite calibration signal passes through an analog calibration channel of a wireless broadband communication system, calculating deviation values of all frequency points needing frequency domain compensation according to the frequency domain signals of all the positive frequency points of the frequency domains and the frequency domain signals of the mirrored negative frequency points of the frequency domains, and obtaining tap coefficients of Q-path digital matched filters by carrying out IFFT operation on the deviation values of all the frequency points needing frequency domain compensation.
In an embodiment, assuming that an 802.11ac system needs to calibrate a frequency-dependent IQ mismatch condition in a frequency band range of baseband analog filters-40M to 40M, the digital baseband signal sampling rate of the transmitter and receiver is 80M. The calibration and compensation method comprises the following steps:
step (1), switching an analog radio frequency path of a wireless broadband communication system into a frequency correlation IQ calibration mode, and establishing an IQ analog calibration path in the wireless broadband communication system, specifically, directly inputting a signal output by a mixer in a transmitting link of a transmitter into a mixer in a receiving link of a receiver to form a closed loop IQ analog calibration path.
And (2) generating a positive frequency point composite calibration signal by a digital baseband of the transmitter, wherein the positive frequency point composite calibration signal passes through a transmitting link, an IQ analog calibration path and a receiving link, and then is output to the digital baseband of the receiver after being sampled by an ADC. The frequency point interval of the calibration signal is equal to 312.5KHz of the subcarrier interval of the actual data of the system, 256-point FFT calculation is adopted, the total number of the frequency points is N-256, the sequence number of each sampling frequency point in the frequency domain ranges from k-N/2, …, N/2-1, namely k-128, -127, …, -1,0,1, …,126,127, the sequence number of the frequency point k is 1,2, …, N/2-1, namely k is 1,2, …,127 corresponds to a positive frequency point, k is 0 corresponds to 0, k is-1, -2, …, -N/2, namely k-1, -2, …, -127 corresponds to a negative frequency point, and the negative frequency point and the positive frequency point which have the same absolute value of the frequency point are mirror images of each other. The positive frequency point composite calibration signal is a signal for each effective frequency point, namely, the positive frequency point value of k is 1,2, … and 127 is a real part positive and negative 1 random number, the imaginary part is 0, and for the rest frequency points, namely, the negative frequency point and the 0 frequency point, the real part and the imaginary part are all 0, the frequency domain data is subjected to IFFT operation to obtain a time domain calibration signal, and the time domain calibration signal is output to a calibration path through a DAC.
And (3) sampling the positive frequency point composite calibration signal by the receiver through an ADC, calling an FFT module by the digital baseband to perform FFT operation on the received signal, respectively obtaining frequency domain signals (256 frequency points) POS _ FX [ k ], k being-128, … and 127 of each frequency point corresponding to the positive frequency point composite calibration signal, taking the frequency domain signals POS _ FX [ k ] of each frequency point as FFT results corresponding to the positive frequency point composite calibration signal, containing the frequency domain signals of each positive frequency point and the frequency domain signals of negative frequency points of each positive frequency point mirror image, and storing the FFT results.
And (4) sequentially calculating positive frequency points of k-1, 2, … and N/2-1, namely k-1, 2, … and 127 of the signals according to the frequency point sequence
ADD_POS[k]＝POS_FX[k]+POS_FX*[-k]
And
SUB_POS[k]＝POS_FX[k]-POS_FX*[-k]，
and POS _ FX [ -k ] is a conjugate signal of the frequency domain signal of the negative frequency point of each positive frequency point mirror image.
And (5) sequentially calculating the amplitude absolute values ADD _ POS _ ABS [ k ] and SUB _ POS _ ABS [ k ] and the phase angles ADD _ POS _ ARG [ k ] and SUB _ POS _ ARG [ k ] of the 2 parameters ADD _ POS [ k ] and SUB _ POS [ k ] in the step (4) according to the frequency point sequence.
And (6) sequentially calculating the positive frequency point k of the effective signal to be 1,2, … and N/2-1 according to the frequency point sequence, namely k to be 1,2, … and 127 corresponding to the gain compensation basic value of the Q-path digital matched filter
Fξ_gain_pos(k)＝ADD_POS_ABS[k]/SUB_POS_ABS[k]
And phase compensation base value
Fξ_arg_pos(k)＝ADD_POS_ARG[k]-SUB_POS_ARG[k]。
Step (7), because the compensation values of the positive and negative frequency points satisfy the conjugate relation, the gain compensation value of each frequency point in the frequency domain can be calculated based on the gain compensation basic value Fξ _ gain _ pos (k) of each positive frequency point and the gain compensation value of each frequency point defining the frequency point without the mirror image frequency point as 0
Based on the phase compensation basic value Fξ _ arg _ pos (k) of the digital matched filter corresponding to each positive frequency point and the phase compensation value of each frequency point defining the frequency point without the image frequency point as 0, the phase compensation value of each frequency point can be calculated
Step (8) obtaining deviation values of 256 frequency points according to the frequency point sequence and needing frequency domain compensation
F ξ (k) ═ F ξ _ gain (k) ([ cos (F ξ _ arg (k)) + j × sin (F ξ _ arg (k)) ], k ═ N/2, …, N/2-1, i.e., k ═ 128, …, -1,1, …, 127.
And (9) carrying out N-point (256-point) IFFT operation on the deviation value of each frequency point which needs to be subjected to frequency domain compensation, and obtaining 256 tap coefficients of the Q-path digital matched filter corresponding to the 80M data sampling rate. The first T, for example 12, effective tap coefficients are retained, i.e. a T-order, i.e. 12-order time-domain matched compensation filter, which finally corresponds to the 80M data sampling rate is obtained.
The calibration and compensation method for the frequency-dependent IQ signal of the receiver provided by the embodiment can effectively eliminate the problem of frequency-dependent IQ mismatch generated by devices such as a simulated baseband filter of the receiver, and can effectively improve the demodulation and decoding performance of the receiver of the 802.11ac system.
The invention provides a receiver frequency correlation IQ mismatch calibration and compensation method based on FFT operation. The method compensates for frequency-dependent IQ mismatch in the RF path due to analog filters and RF devices by adding a digital matched filter to the I-path or Q-path of the digital baseband of the receiver. The calculation of the coefficient of the digital matched filter is obtained through a calibration algorithm, the calibration process is that a transmitter sends a positive frequency point composite calibration signal, the signal passes through a calibration path and then is subjected to FFT operation at a receiver to obtain the magnitude of each positive frequency point signal and the magnitude of the mirror image negative frequency point signal of the frequency domain, deviation values of each frequency point, which need to be subjected to frequency domain compensation, are calculated in sequence according to the magnitude of the two signals, and the frequency domain compensation deviation values of the frequency points are subjected to IFFT operation to obtain the tap coefficients of the I-path or Q-path digital matched filter. The method can effectively eliminate the problem of frequency domain related IQ mismatch generated by devices such as a receiver analog baseband filter and the like, can effectively improve the accuracy of IQ signal calibration, and improves the overall performance of broadband wireless communication.
Those skilled in the art can implement or use the invention in accordance with the disclosed embodiments. The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A frequency correlation IQ mismatch calibration and compensation method based on FFT operation, used for calibrating and compensating the frequency correlation IQ mismatch of wireless broadband communication system including transmitter and receiver, characterized in that: adding a digital matched filter to an I path or a Q path of a digital baseband of the receiver, wherein a tap coefficient of the digital matched filter is obtained through calibration based on FFT operation, and frequency dependence IQ mismatch in an analog path of the receiver in the wireless broadband communication system is compensated through the digital matched filter;
the method for obtaining the tap coefficient of the digital matched filter through calibration based on FFT operation comprises the following steps: sending a positive frequency point composite calibration signal at the transmitter, obtaining a frequency domain signal of each positive frequency point and a frequency domain signal of a negative frequency point of a corresponding mirror image of each positive frequency point at a digital baseband part in the receiver through FFT (fast Fourier transform) operation after the positive frequency point composite calibration signal passes through an analog calibration channel of the wireless broadband communication system, calculating a deviation value of each frequency point, which needs to be subjected to frequency domain compensation, according to the frequency domain signal of each positive frequency point and the frequency domain signal of the negative frequency point of the corresponding mirror image of each positive frequency point, and then carrying out IFFT (inverse fast Fourier transform algorithm) operation on the deviation value of each frequency point, which needs to be subjected;
the method for obtaining tap coefficients of the digital matched filter through calibration based on FFT operation comprises the following steps:
step (1): switching the wireless broadband communication system to a frequency correlation IQ calibration mode, and establishing an IQ analog calibration path in the wireless broadband communication system;
step (2): generating the positive frequency point composite calibration signal at a digital baseband of the transmitter, wherein the positive frequency point composite calibration signal is output to the digital baseband of the receiver through a transmitting link of the transmitter, the IQ analog calibration path and a receiving link of the receiver;
and (3): a digital baseband of the receiver calls an FFT module to perform FFT operation on received signals to obtain frequency domain signals POS _ FX [ k ] of each frequency point corresponding to the positive frequency point composite calibration signal, and the frequency domain signals POS _ FX [ k ] are stored as FFT results corresponding to the positive frequency point composite calibration signal, the number of the frequency points adopted by the FFT operation is N, k is a frequency point serial number, k is-N/2, …, N/2-1, the frequency point serial number k is 1,2, …, N/2-1 corresponds to a positive frequency point, k is 0 and corresponds to 0, k is-1, -2, …, -N/2 corresponds to a negative frequency point, and the negative frequency point and the positive frequency point which have the same frequency point serial number absolute values are mirror image frequency points;
and (4): according to the frequency point sequence, for positive frequency points with k being 1,2, … and N/2-1, sequentially calculating ADD _ POS [ k ] ═ POS _ FX [ k ] + POS _ FX [ k ] and SUB _ POS [ k ] ═ POS _ FX [ k ] -, wherein POS _ FX [ k ] is a conjugate signal of a frequency domain signal of a negative frequency point mirrored by each positive frequency point;
and (5): sequentially calculating amplitude absolute values ADD _ POS _ ABS [ k ] and SUB _ POS _ ABS [ k ] and phase angles ADD _ POS _ ARG [ k ] and SUB _ POS _ ARG [ k ] of ADD _ POS [ k ] and SUB _ POS [ k ] according to the frequency point sequence;
and (6): sequentially calculating gain compensation basic values F xi _ gain _ POS (k) ═ ADD _ POS _ ABS [ k ]/SUB _ POS _ ABS [ k ] and phase compensation basic values F ξ _ ARG _ POS (k) ═ ADD _ POS _ ARG [ k ] -SUB _ POS _ ARG [ k ];
and (7): calculating the gain compensation value of each frequency point based on the gain compensation basic value of the digital matched filter corresponding to each positive frequency point:
calculating the phase compensation value of each frequency point based on the phase compensation basic value of the digital matched filter corresponding to each positive frequency point:
and (8): obtaining deviation values of F xi (k) ═ F xi _ gain (k) ([ cos (F xi _ arg (k)) + j × sin (F xi _ arg (k)) ], k ═ N/2, … and N/2-1, wherein each frequency point needs to be subjected to frequency domain compensation;
and (9): and performing N-point IFFT operation on the deviation value of each frequency point which needs to be subjected to frequency domain compensation to obtain N tap coefficients of the digital matched filter.
2. The FFT operation-based frequency-dependent IQ mismatch calibration and compensation method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the IQ analog calibration path is established by directly inputting a signal output from a mixer in a transmission link of the transmitter to a mixer in a reception link of the receiver.
3. The FFT operation-based frequency-dependent IQ mismatch calibration and compensation method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the positive frequency point composite calibration signal is a random number with a positive part and a negative part of 1 for each positive frequency point, and an imaginary part of 0, and is a signal with a real part and an imaginary part of 0 for each negative frequency point and 0 frequency point.
4. The FFT operation-based frequency-dependent IQ mismatch calibration and compensation method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (9), the first T effective tap coefficients are selected as T-order tap coefficients of the digital matched filter.
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| CN109861706B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-09-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Quadrature mismatch compensation device and method for broadband zero intermediate frequency receiver |
| CN110677201B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2022-03-01 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Frequency domain compensation and calibration method |
| CN112051555B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2023-07-25 | 上海理工大学 | Digital IQ calibration method based on complex signal spectrum operation |
| CN112888025B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-11-11 | 深圳市极致汇仪科技有限公司 | Method and system for processing received WIFI data based on extended bandwidth |
| CN115706590A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-02-17 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | Control method and control circuit for channel mismatching compensation |
| CN114900200B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-02-03 | 青岛柯锐思德电子科技有限公司 | UWB receiver front-end data processing method based on digital mixing |
| CN115225168B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2025-03-18 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | IQ imbalance calibration method, electronic device and storage medium |
| CN115276944B (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2024-07-16 | 深圳市极致汇仪科技有限公司 | Method and system for compensating signal IQ path clock deviation by comprehensive tester |
| CN116192570A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-05-30 | 中电科思仪科技股份有限公司 | A Calibration Method for Broadband Amplitude-Phase-Frequency Response Compensation Based on Multi-tone Signals |
| CN116707666B (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2024-04-05 | 南京朗立微集成电路有限公司 | Method and equipment for correcting IQ imbalance of WiFi transmitter |
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