CN1090900C

CN1090900C - Method for breeding new variety of maize

Info

Publication number: CN1090900C
Application number: CN99111739A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴子恺
Original assignee: Guangxi University
Current assignee: Nanning Guifuyuan Agriculture Co ltd
Priority date: 1999-08-18
Filing date: 1999-08-18
Publication date: 2002-09-18
Anticipated expiration: 2019-08-18
Also published as: CN1242142A

Abstract

本发明利用遗传学原理，根据基因的分离和独立分配规律，把两个不同类单隐性基因纯合体玉米杂交，在F1植株所结果穗上选择双隐性基因纯合体籽粒经多代种植直至稳定。再取双隐性基因纯合体或按上法类推获得的多隐性基因纯合体为一亲本与单隐性或多隐性基因纯合体或其它非隐性基因纯合体为另一亲本杂交，即可获得生产用的杂交种。该杂交种果穗上的不同籽粒分别含有不同的基因组合，使多基因所控制的优良性状同时表现，达到改良玉米胚乳品质及农艺性状之目的。The present invention utilizes the principle of genetics and according to the rules of gene separation and independent distribution, hybridizes two different types of single recessive gene homozygous maize, and selects double recessive gene homozygous grains on the fruiting ears of F1 plants, and plants them through multiple generations until Stablize. Then take the double recessive gene homozygote or the multiple recessive gene homozygote obtained by analogy as above as one parent and the single recessive or multiple recessive gene homozygote or other non-recessive gene homozygote as the other parent, that is Hybrids are available for production. Different grains on the ears of the hybrid contain different gene combinations, so that the excellent characters controlled by multiple genes can be expressed at the same time, and the purpose of improving the quality of corn endosperm and agronomic characters can be achieved.

Description

A kind of method of breeding new varieties of corn

One, technical field

The present invention relates to obtain the method for new plant, the method for especially breeding new varieties of corn.

Two, background technology

The gene that influences the corn embryosperm composition has many.For example ae (increase amylose), bt (easily crisp-1), bt ₂(easily crisp-2), du (dark endosperm), fl (opaque-1), sh (shrinkage-1), sh ₂(shrinkage-2), sh ₄(shrinkage-4), su (saccharoid-1), su ₂(saccharoid-2), se (increasing sweet), wx (cured matter), o ₂(dark-coloured endosperm), or the like.Their common feature is, has only when recessive gene isozygotys, and just can show corresponding proterties.

The breeding work person often wishes a plurality of assortments of genes in same kind, so that the good characteristic of comprehensive a plurality of genes.For example su and sh ₂Two assortments of genes in the hope of the advantage of comprehensive general sweet and super-sweet corn, are bred the higher sweet corn kind of sugar content together.And for example su, sh ₂The assortment of genes is in the same place with wx, thereby breeds not only sweet but also glutinous green grass or young crops food corn product.But actual breeding result shows, two or more bottom recessives, its The Characters is not the simple addition of each single gene effect, but have a gene make effect mutually, i.e. result's performance is not inconsistent with the effect that expection reaches.Sh for example ₂Sh ₂The endosperm of wxwx double recessive gene pure body does not just show not only sweet but also glutinous characteristic.The academy of agricultural sciences, Jilin Province utilize single recessive gene homozygote sweet corn and waxy corn hybridize each other acquisition nine sweet sticking morning kind, its F ₁Isolate 9/16 flour corn simultaneously, 3/16 waxy corn, 4/16 sweet corn on (hybridizing for 1 generation, down together) fruit ear.Cause contains 9/16 flour corn, so be not real sweet-waxy maizes nine sweet sticking morning.In addition, many bottom recessives crossbreed that traditional corn hybridization breeding obtains also shows some bad economical characters, as susush ₂Sh ₂The crossbreed seed is shrivelled, the difficulty of after planting emerging.

Three, summary of the invention

The purpose of invention is to utilize genetics principle, separation and independent allocation rule according to gene, a kind of new method of cultivating corn variety is provided, this method can make corn hybrid seed mix several genes type seed on same fruit ear, various favourable proterties are showed simultaneously, produce the multiple gene good characteristic, reach the purpose of improvement endosperm quality and economical character.

The basic skills of content of the present invention is to select for use the corn with bottom recessive to hybridize the preparing hybrid kind, one of them parent has two pairs of homozygous recessive genes at least, another parent has a pair of homozygous recessive gene at least, and described gene is meant the gene of control seed shape.

The method that the present invention breeds new varieties of corn is to be undertaken by following step:

A. two different single recessive gene homozygote hybridization, plantation F ₁Crossbreed is at F ₁The plantation of double recessive gene pure body seed is selected, selfing or isolation open pollination, many inbred line or colony's kinds that obtain stable double recessive gene pure body for the back on the fringe as a result by plant institute.

B. double recessive gene pure body and single recessive gene that contains another inhomogeneity recessive gene or the hybridization of double recessive gene pure body, plantation F ₁Crossbreed is at F ₁Three bottom recessives or four bottom recessive seeds are selected on the fringe as a result by plant institute, plant this seed through inbreeding of more generation or isolation open pollination, obtain inbred line or colony's kind of three stable bottom recessives or four bottom recessives; Can further get three bottom recessives or four bottom recessives and another inhomogeneity single recessive gene homozygote or double recessive gene pure body or three bottom recessives or the hybridization of four bottom recessives of above-mentioned acquisition, plantation F ₁Crossbreed is at F ₁Many bottom recessives more than five or five are selected on the fringe as a result by plant institute, and selfing or isolation open pollination obtain inbred line or colony's kind after many generations.

For selecting that more the more bottom recessive is arranged, can utilize the hybridization between different many bottom recessives to separate how right bottom recessive.

C. getting two or more many bottom recessives is a parent, with another single recessive gene homozygote or many (two or more) bottom recessive or other non-bottom recessive for another parent's hybridization, be mixed with crossbreed.

The F that is obtained ₁Crossbreed is through isolation implant, at F ₁Crossbreed plant institute can obtain the effect that many recessive genes are expressed simultaneously on the fringe as a result, reaches the purpose of improvement quality.

It is a parent that the present invention utilizes two or more corn embryosperm bottom recessives, is another parent's hybridization with another single recessiveness or many bottom recessives or other non-bottom recessive, the preparing hybrid combination.The crossbreed of cultivating can on same fruit ear, mix the polytype seed, reach the purpose that multiple favourable proterties shows simultaneously.Employing the inventive method is bred new varieties of corn, and at first can avoid the unfavorable mutual work between double recessive or many recessive genes, makes desired proterties be able to normal expression; Second can be by selecting dissimilar parents for use, and the preparation economical character is crossbreed preferably; The 3rd, by selecting dissimilar lists or many bottom recessives parent for use, can there be assembly expectedly to go out the ratio of various various trait collocation, thereby can satisfies different consumer demands.

Four, embodiment

Embodiment 1:

Select for use the corn with super sweet bottom recessive and the corn of glutinous bottom recessive to hybridize respectively, obtain 1 generation of hybrid through selfing or after handing over each other, through selecting to separate the parent material that can obtain to have double recessive gene pure body as the parent.Double recessive gene pure body corn is hybridized with the corn with glutinous bottom recessive again, the filial generation that obtains is through isolation implant, can be on same commercial fruit ear obtain corn kernel simultaneously, thereby the blue or green second contact of a total eclipse of this corn is sweet glutinous again with sweet, glutinous two specific characters.

Embodiment 2:

Select for use the corn that has the homozygotic corn of general sweet single recessive gene and have super sweet, glutinous double recessive gene pure body to hybridize respectively as the parent, in 1 generation of hybrid that obtains, is through selfing or after handing over each other, through selecting to separate the parent material that can obtain to have three bottom recessives.The corn of this three bottom recessive is hybridized with the corn with glutinous bottom recessive again, and the filial generation that obtains is through isolation implant, the 4 kinds of seeds that also can on the same fruit ear of F1, coexist, and belong to sweet, glutinous two types, thereby the blue or green second contact of a total eclipse is sweet glutinous again.

Embodiment 3:

Select for use corn with easy crisp bottom recessive and corn to hybridize respectively as the parent with general sweet, super sweet, glutinous three bottom recessives, through select separating 1 generation of obtainable hybrid, obtain to have the parent material of easily crisp, general sweet, super sweet, glutinous four bottom recessives through selfing or after handing over each other.The corn and the waxy corn of this four bottom recessive are hybridized, the filial generation that obtains through isolation implant, can be obtained to have 8 types of homozygote seeds, and simultaneously give birth on the same fruit ear of F1, they also can be divided into sweet, glutinous two big classes, thereby the blue or green second contact of a total eclipse is sweet glutinous again.

Claims

1, a kind of method of breeding new varieties of corn, be to select for use corn parent to hybridize the preparing hybrid kind with bottom recessive, it is characterized in that one of them parent has two pairs of homozygous recessive genes at least, another parent has a pair of homozygous recessive gene at least, and described gene is meant the gene of control grain characters.

2, according to the described method of breeding new varieties of corn of claim 1, it is characterized in that obtaining of homozygous recessive gene hybrid strain is with two different single recessive gene homozygote hybridization more than two pairs or two pairs, on the first filial generation fruit ear, separate obtaining double recessive gene pure body; With double recessive gene pure body and the hybridization of single recessive gene homozygote, separate acquisition three bottom recessives at the first filial generation fruit ear; With single, double, three bottom recessives respectively with inhomogeneous three, two, single recessive gene homozygote hybridization, separating the many bottom recessives that obtain more than four or four on the first filial generation fruit ear.

3,, it is characterized in that the first filial generation seed isolation implant that to be prepared can obtaining commercial fruit ear according to the described method of breeding new varieties of corn of claim 1.