CN109038303A - A kind of composite ventilated cooling system of main transformer room - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite ventilation and cooling system for a main transformer room, comprising a main transformer room, an integrated oil-immersed transformer located in the center of the main transformer room, an air intake system located below the integrated oil-immersed transformer and close to the bottom of the main transformer room, It has an exhaust system on the top of the main transformer room and a control system for intelligent control. The integrated oil-immersed transformer includes a transformer body and radiators on both sides of the transformer body. The bottom of one side wall of the main transformer room An air inlet is provided, and an air outlet is provided on the top of the main transformer room. The invention makes full use of the external environmental conditions to strengthen the ventilation effect, and dynamically adjusts the ventilation mode according to the operation conditions of the transformer and the indoor ventilation conditions, so that the indoor airflow can flow in an orderly manner from bottom to top, the utilization efficiency of cooling air is improved, and the use time of mechanical fans is reduced , while improving the ventilation and heat exchange effect of the transformer room, it also plays a role in reducing ventilation energy consumption.

Description

A Composite Ventilation and Cooling System for Main Transformer Room

technical field

The invention relates to a ventilation system for a main transformer room, in particular to a composite ventilation cooling system for a main transformer room.

Background technique

Because urban substations are located in urban areas, the land area is limited, and the impact of noise generated by operation on the surrounding environment must be considered, so electrical equipment such as main transformers are usually arranged indoors. For substations arranged indoors, oil-immersed transformers are often used, and the heat generated by the main transformer and radiator is a potential threat to its safe operation. In order to maintain the oil temperature of the transformer within a reasonable range and ensure smooth operation during the peak period of power consumption, it is very important to solve the ventilation and heat dissipation problems of indoor equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to discharge the heat dissipation during the operation of the equipment to the outside in time through a reasonable ventilation and cooling system.

At present, the traditional ventilation scheme of the main transformer room generally adopts natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation, but both ventilation schemes have their own advantages and disadvantages. During the high temperature period in summer, the completely natural ventilation method cannot quickly discharge the heat generated by the equipment outside, which may easily lead to excessive temperature of transformer oil. In order to ensure the safety of electricity consumption, sometimes the main transformer is forced to use the reduced load operation mode. Although mechanical ventilation can speed up the indoor air flow and take away more heat generated by equipment, it is accompanied by disadvantages such as high fan failure rate, high operating energy consumption, and low cooling air utilization efficiency. In addition, most of the traditional ventilation schemes are static, lacking a control mode to dynamically adjust the ventilation mode according to the actual operation of the main transformer and the real-time indoor heat dissipation.

In addition, for the main transformer room where the main transformer and radiator are integrated, the ventilation and heat dissipation pressure is even greater. Especially in the area between the main transformer and the radiator, due to the narrow space and the dense distribution of circulating oil pipes and cooling fins, the air flow is relatively difficult, and the oil flow temperature at the transformer outlet is high, which is prone to local heat accumulation problems.

In addition, due to the high height of the main transformer room, the problem of insufficient exhaust power is likely to occur in the upper and middle spaces of the room, and the air flow in some areas is slow and prone to disorderly flow, and the hot air carrying heat gathers in the room and cannot be discharged in time . However, in the existing partial ventilation system, natural air intake louvers and natural exhaust louvers are designed on the same side wall, which is prone to adverse results of airflow short circuit.

Therefore, urgently need to solve the above-mentioned problem.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite ventilation and cooling system for the main transformer room to solve the problem of heat dissipation and cooling in the main transformer room, and to achieve the goals of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the substation and saving energy and reducing consumption.

Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention discloses a composite ventilation and cooling system for a main transformer room, which includes a main transformer room, an integrated oil-immersed transformer located in the center of the main transformer room, and an integrated oil-immersed transformer located below the integrated oil-immersed transformer near the main transformer room The air intake system at the bottom of the transformer room, the exhaust system at the top of the main transformer room and the control system for intelligent control, the integrated oil-immersed transformer includes a transformer body and radiators on both sides of the transformer body, the An air inlet is opened at the bottom of one side wall of the main transformer room, and an air outlet is opened at the top of the main transformer room.

Wherein, the air intake system includes a natural air intake device communicated with the air inlet and a mechanical air intake device correspondingly arranged under the radiators on both sides, wherein the natural air intake device includes louvers arranged in the air inlet, and The air inlet guide pipe communicates with the air inlet and extends to the bottom of the radiator near the air inlet; the mechanical air inlet device includes a frequency conversion fan connected in sequence, a filter screen, a flexible connector and a drainage duct, and the drainage duct It includes the main air duct and several air outlet ducts connected to the main air duct in turn. The air outlet duct is a Y-shaped air duct with two air outlets, one of which is located under the radiator, and the other is located at the bottom of the radiator. The narrow area between the transformer body and the heat sink.

Preferably, the air supply flow rate of the mechanical air supply device on the side away from the air inlet is greater than the air supply flow rate of the mechanical air supply device on the side close to the air inlet.

Preferably, the exhaust system includes a solar ventilation hood located at the top of the main transformer room and communicated with the air outlet, a natural ventilator located at the top of the solar ventilation hood with a function of keeping out rain, and a natural ventilator located at the top of the main transformer room and surrounding Axial exhaust fans around the solar ventilation hood.

Furthermore, the solar ventilation hood includes northward solar chimneys and southward solar chimneys arranged symmetrically and obliquely, and supports for supporting and fixing. The air exhaust port communicates with the inside of the main transformer chamber.

Further, the north-facing solar chimney or the south-facing solar chimney includes a chimney pipe body with an air flow channel surrounded by glass plates facing outward on three sides and a steel plate connected to a bracket. Insulation panels and serpentine coils with solid-liquid phase change thermal storage materials.

Preferably, the control system includes a temperature sensor and a wind speed sensor respectively arranged at the air outlet, an oil temperature sensor located in the transformer body and a control box located in the main transformer room, and the temperature sensor, the wind speed sensor and the oil temperature sensor are respectively connected with the The control box is electrically connected, and the control box includes a wireless signal receiving module, a single-chip microcomputer, an action module for controlling the air intake of the air intake system and the exhaust air volume of the exhaust system, a power supply module for providing system power, a communication module and a display module .

Beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

(1) The present invention makes full use of the external environmental conditions to strengthen the ventilation effect, and dynamically adjusts the ventilation mode according to the operation of the transformer and the indoor ventilation. It can reduce the ventilation energy consumption while improving the ventilation and heat exchange effect of the transformer room;

(2) The air inlet of the present invention is located at the bottom of the transformer room, and the air outlet is located at the top of the transformer room, which avoids the airflow short circuit phenomenon that may occur when the natural air inlet and the air outlet are located on the same side wall, and improves the efficiency of the air intake and cooling airflow. usage efficiency;

(3) The present invention makes the air intake flow orderly by arranging the air intake guide pipe inside the louvers; The area is ventilated at fixed points, and the bottom of the radiator is blown upwards to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the radiator; and the design flow rate of the mechanical air supply device on the side away from the air inlet of the louver is larger than that of the air supply device on the side close to the louver , so as to compensate for the reduction of the cooling air flow caused by the radiator on the side away from the air inlet of the louver due to the lack of a natural air inlet;

(4) the present invention is in summer and transitional season, and the top solar ventilation hood can make full use of the solar radiation that sees through the glass plate to strengthen ventilation, increases exhaust velocity and exhaust air flow rate, thereby reduces the use number of axial flow exhaust fan and The opening frequency can achieve the purpose of energy saving, emission reduction and energy consumption reduction while enhancing the operation stability of the ventilation system;

(5) In the present invention, the double-sided inclined solar ventilation hood can utilize solar radiation from different directions, and the solid-liquid phase change thermal storage material is contained in the inclined serpentine coil, which can avoid leakage of the thermal storage material and occur simultaneously. The liquid heat storage material after the phase change can flow in the serpentine coil, and conduct convective heat exchange with the air side outside the tube to strengthen the air flow in the ventilation chimney;

(6) The transformer of the present invention is provided with an oil temperature sensor inside, and the roof air outlet side wall is provided with a temperature sensor and a wind speed sensor, each sensor is connected with the control system, and the ventilation mode is dynamically adjusted according to the transformer operating oil temperature and actual ventilation conditions, which can be Realize the intelligence of the control method.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of mechanical air supply device among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar ventilation hood in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional schematic diagram of solar energy ventilating hood among the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of support among the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of single tripod bracket among the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a serpentine coil in the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the control system in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a composite ventilation and cooling system for a main transformer room of the present invention includes a main transformer room 1, an integrated oil-immersed transformer located in the center of the main transformer room 1, located below the integrated oil-immersed transformer, and close to the main transformer room 1 air intake system at the bottom, with an exhaust system at the top of the main transformer room 1 and a control system for intelligent control. The integrated oil-immersed transformer of the present invention includes a transformer body 2 and radiators 3 located on both sides of the transformer body 2 , and an oil delivery pipe is connected between the radiator 3 and the transformer body 2 . The main transformer room 1 is provided with a ventilation grid 16 for separating the integrated oil-immersed transformer and the air intake system. An air inlet 4 is opened at the bottom of one side wall of the main transformer room 1 of the present invention, and an air outlet 5 is opened at the top of the main transformer room 1 . In the present invention, the air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the transformer room, and the air outlet is located at the top of the transformer room, which avoids the air short circuit phenomenon that may occur when the natural air inlet and the air outlet are located on the same side wall, and improves the utilization efficiency of the air inlet and cooling air.

The air intake system of the present invention includes a natural air intake device communicated with the air inlet 4 and a mechanical air intake device 6 correspondingly arranged under the radiators 3 on both sides. Wherein the natural air intake device comprises shutter 7 and air inlet duct 8, and shutter 7 is arranged in air inlet 4, and filter screen is attached to the inside of shutter 7, and air inlet duct 8 is fixed on the peripheral wall of shutter by hinge. The air inlet duct 8 is welded by galvanized sheet, the cross section is rectangular, and the air inlet area is larger than the air outlet area, which can play a certain role in converging and guiding the natural air inlet, and its end extends toward the air inlet 4- Side radiator 3 below. The outdoor air passes through the louvers 7, the filter screen and the air inlet duct 8 in turn to ventilate and cool down the radiator 3 on one side.

As shown in Figure 2, the mechanical air inlet device 6 of the present invention includes a frequency conversion fan 601, a filter screen 602, a flexible connector 603, and a drainage duct 604 connected in sequence. The flexible connecting piece 603 is connected with the air drainage pipe 604 to prevent the variable frequency fan 601 from resonating with the air drainage pipe 604 . The frequency conversion fan 601 can adjust the air supply speed and air volume according to the indoor and outdoor temperature of the main transformer, and the outlet of the frequency conversion fan 601 is equipped with a filter 602 to make the air supply cleaner, and the use of flexible connectors 603 can reduce the noise during the operation of the frequency conversion fan and vibration. The drainage air duct 604 includes a main air duct and three outlet ducts connected to the main air duct in turn. The end of the main air duct is closed, and the air outlet duct is a Y-shaped air duct with two air outlets, one of which is Located under the radiator 3 , the other air outlet is located in the long and narrow area between the transformer body 2 and the radiator 3 . The invention can sweep the cooling fins and the wall surface of the transformer from bottom to top, respectively cool the bottom of the radiator and the long and narrow area between the transformer and the radiator, and reduce the occurrence of ventilation dead angles.

In the present invention, the air inlet airflow is arranged in an orderly manner by setting the air inlet duct on the inside of the louvers; the mechanical air supply device adopts a two-way air supply mode, and the narrow and long area between the transformer and the radiator that is prone to local flow dead zones is fixed. Ventilation, blowing air to the bottom of the radiator from bottom to top, improving the heat exchange efficiency of the radiator; and the design flow rate of the mechanical air supply device on the side away from the air inlet of the louver is larger than that of the air supply device on the side close to the louver, thus compensating The radiator on the side away from the louver air inlet reduces the cooling air flow due to the lack of natural air inlet.

The exhaust system of the present invention includes a solar ventilation hood 9 , a natural ventilator 10 and an axial exhaust fan 11 . As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the solar ventilation hood 9 of the present invention is located at the top of the main transformer room 1 and communicates with the air outlet 5, and the solar ventilation hood 9 includes a north-facing solar chimney and a south-facing solar chimney symmetrically inclined. , and the bracket 901 for supporting and fixing, the north-facing solar chimney and the south-facing solar chimney communicate with the inside of the main transformer chamber 1 through the air outlet 5 provided on the top of the main transformer chamber respectively. The north-facing solar chimney or the south-facing solar chimney includes a chimney pipe body with an air flow channel surrounded by a glass plate 902 with high transmittance on three sides and a steel plate 903 connected to a bracket 901 on one side. The spaces are connected by side slots and sealed with sealing strips. The glass plate 902 can make full use of the solar radiation in all directions to heat the air in the air passage, the air density becomes smaller after being heated, and flows out through the natural ventilator 10 under the action of heat and pressure. Compared with traditional ventilation methods, setting up a solar ventilation chimney on the roof can not only greatly increase the power of the upward flow of indoor hot air, increase the exhaust air rate and exhaust air flow rate, and reduce the number of axial flow fans and the frequency of use; Prevent the airflow short circuit phenomenon of natural air intake.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the bracket 901 of the present invention includes three triangular brackets 906 arranged at intervals, an insert block 907 welded to the side of each triangular bracket, and a connecting steel plate 908 for connecting and fixing the three triangular brackets 906 . Triangular bracket 906 is made by welding angle steel, preferably isosceles triangular shape, connecting steel plate 908 is welded respectively on the left and right sides of the base two ends of triangular bracket 906 and top angle, plays connection and fixation to three triangular brackets 906 , Bolt holes are provided on the connecting steel plate 908 at the bottom. The bracket 901 is connected with the back slot 909 arranged on the back of the chimney body through the plug 907, and the bracket 901 is connected with the base 17 by bolts, thereby supporting and strengthening the solar ventilation chimney.

A heat insulating plate 904 and a serpentine coil 905 are arranged on the side of the chimney close to the steel plate 903 . The top of the main transformer room 1 is provided with a base 17 for connecting the solar ventilation hood 9, wherein the bottom of the north-facing solar chimney or the south-facing solar chimney is connected with the base through a rectangular frame, which is welded by angle steel and bolted fixed on the base 17. The base 17 is made of bricks into a cuboid with openings at both ends, which communicates with the solar ventilation hood 9 and the main transformer room 1 respectively.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the two ends of the serpentine coil 905 of the present invention are respectively provided with an inlet valve and an outlet valve, and the serpentine coil 905 is equipped with a solid-liquid phase change heat storage material. When the solar radiation is strong, a part of the radiant heat passing through the glass plate heats the air, and the other part is absorbed by the solid-liquid phase change heat storage material in the serpentine coil and undergoes a phase change from solid to liquid, accumulating heat. When the solar radiation disappears, the temperature in the air channel of the chimney body is lower than the temperature at which the phase transition occurs, and the solid-liquid phase change heat storage material undergoes a phase transition from liquid to solid, and the released heat continues to heat the air, which can prolong the solar energy. Working hours of ventilation chimneys. In the present invention, placing the solid-liquid phase change heat storage material in the serpentine coil can not only prevent the leakage of the solid-liquid phase change heat storage material, but also when the liquid heat storage material after the phase change flows in the serpentine coil, The convective heat exchange with the air side outside the tube can strengthen the air flow in the air channel; moreover, the replacement of the solid-liquid phase change heat storage material is more convenient by setting the inlet valve and the outlet valve.

The natural ventilator 10 of the present invention is located at the top of the solar ventilation hood 9, communicates with the solar ventilation hood 9, and has the function of keeping out rain. Four axial flow exhaust fans 11 are arranged on the top of the main transformer room 1 and are evenly distributed around the solar ventilation hood 9. The axial flow exhaust fans 11 are electrically connected to the control box, and the control system determines whether to Turn on the axial flow exhaust fan 11 and the number of openings of the axial flow exhaust fan 11. When simply using the solar ventilation chimney cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements of the transformer room, turn on the axial flow exhaust fan 11 to assist the exhaust.

As shown in Figure 8, the control system of the present invention comprises the temperature sensor 12 and the wind speed sensor 13 that are respectively arranged at the exhaust outlet 5, the oil temperature sensor 14 that is positioned at the transformer body and the control box 15 that is positioned at the main transformer room, the control Box 15 includes a wireless signal receiving module, a single-chip microcomputer, an action module for controlling the air intake volume of the air intake system and the exhaust air volume of the exhaust system, a power supply module providing system power, a communication module and a display module; wherein the communication module can be used to realize Remote workers monitor the transformer and indoor environment in real time, and the display module can display the real-time monitoring data of each sensor, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to observe the operation of the system.

The temperature sensor 12 can sense the exhaust air temperature at the exhaust outlet 5 and send a wireless signal, which can be received by the wireless signal receiving module in the control box; a temperature sensor is calculated in advance according to the heat dissipation of the transformer and the design parameters of the ventilation system. Exhaust air temperature threshold value, if the exhaust air temperature value measured by the temperature sensor 12 is higher than the exhaust air temperature threshold value, the action module of the control system will issue a work command to turn on the axial flow exhaust fan 11 to increase the exhaust air volume and exhaust heat. The combined exhaust mode of the chimney exhaust and the mechanical exhaust; if the feedback value of the temperature sensor 12 is lower than the exhaust temperature threshold, the axial flow exhaust fan 11 does not need to be turned on, and it is the solar chimney exhaust mode at this time.

Oil temperature sensor 14 can monitor the change of oil temperature and send wireless signal, and the wireless signal that it sends can also be received by the wireless signal receiving module in the control box; When the oil temperature exceeds the oil temperature threshold, the action module of the control system issues a work command, and the frequency conversion fan 601 starts to run to enhance the heat dissipation capacity of the transformer and radiator. At this time, it is a composite ventilation mode with the combined action of natural air intake and mechanical air intake.

The wind speed sensor 13 can perceive the exhaust wind speed at the air outlet 5 and send out a wireless signal, which can be received by the wireless signal receiving module in the control box; an exhaust wind speed threshold is preset according to the design parameters of the air inlet system , if the exhaust wind speed measured by the wind speed sensor 13 is lower than the exhaust wind speed threshold, the action module of the control system will issue a work command to turn on the axial flow exhaust fan 11. At this time, it is a composite exhaust air combined with solar chimney exhaust and mechanical exhaust. model.

The foregoing embodiments are only preferred implementations of the present invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and equivalent replacements without departing from the principle of the present invention. Technical solutions requiring improvement and equivalent replacement all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A composite ventilation and cooling system for a main transformer room, characterized in that: it comprises a main transformer room (1), an integrated oil-immersed transformer located in the center of the main transformer room (1), located below the integrated oil-immersed transformer, and close to the main transformer room. An air intake system at the bottom of the transformer room (1), an exhaust system at the top of the main transformer room (1) and a control system for intelligent control, the integrated oil-immersed transformer includes a transformer body (2) and a The radiator (3) on both sides of the body (2), the bottom of the side wall of the main transformer room (1) is provided with an air inlet (4), and the top of the main transformer room (1) is provided with an air outlet (5 ). 2. A composite ventilation and cooling system for the main transformer room according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air intake system includes a natural air intake device connected to the air inlet (4) and corresponding radiators arranged on both sides (3) The mechanical air intake device (6) below, wherein the natural air intake device includes louvers (7) arranged in the air inlet, and a radiator ( 3) The air inlet duct (8) below; the mechanical air inlet device (6) includes a frequency conversion fan (601), a filter (602), a flexible connector (603) and a drainage duct (604) connected in sequence ), the drainage air duct (604) includes a main air duct and several air outlet ducts connected with the main air duct in turn, the air outlet duct is a Y-shaped air duct with 2 air outlets, wherein one air outlet It is located under the radiator (3), and the other air outlet is located in the long and narrow area between the transformer body (2) and the radiator (3). 3. A composite ventilation and cooling system for the main transformer room according to claim 2, characterized in that: the air flow rate of the mechanical air supply device on the side away from the air inlet is greater than that of the mechanical air supply device on the side close to the air inlet air flow rate. 4. A composite ventilation and cooling system for the main transformer room according to claim 1, characterized in that: the exhaust system includes a solar ventilation system located at the top of the main transformer room (1) and connected to the exhaust port (5). A smoke hood (9), a natural ventilator (10) with a rain-shielding function at the top of the solar ventilation hood (9) and an axial flow around the top of the main transformer room (1) and around the solar ventilation hood (9) Exhaust fan (11). 5. A kind of composite ventilation and cooling system for the main transformer room according to claim 4, characterized in that: the solar ventilation hood (9) includes a symmetrically inclined north-facing solar chimney and a south-facing solar chimney, and supports and fixes Functional support (901), the north-facing solar chimney and the south-facing solar chimney communicate with the inside of the main transformer chamber (1) through the air outlet (5) provided on the top of the main transformer chamber respectively. 6. A composite ventilation and cooling system for a main transformer room according to claim 5, characterized in that: the north-facing solar chimney or the south-facing solar chimney comprises a glass plate (902) with three sides facing outwards and one side connected to the support ( 901) connected steel plates (903) enclose a chimney body with an air flow channel, and the side of the chimney body close to the steel plate (903) is provided with a heat insulating plate (904) and a snake equipped with a solid-liquid phase change heat storage material. shaped coil (905). 7. A composite ventilation and cooling system for the main transformer room according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control system includes a temperature sensor (12) and a wind speed sensor (13) respectively arranged at the air outlet (5) , the oil temperature sensor (14) located in the transformer body and the control box (15) located in the main transformer room, the temperature sensor (12), the wind speed sensor (13) and the oil temperature sensor (14) are respectively connected with the control box (15) Electrically connected, the control box (15) includes a wireless signal receiving module, a single-chip microcomputer, an action module for controlling the air intake of the air intake system and the exhaust air volume of the exhaust system, a power supply module providing system power, a communication module and a display module .