CN109023008A - A kind of formula and its preparation process of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature - Google Patents
A kind of formula and its preparation process of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN109023008A CN109023008A CN201811177079.XA CN201811177079A CN109023008A CN 109023008 A CN109023008 A CN 109023008A CN 201811177079 A CN201811177079 A CN 201811177079A CN 109023008 A CN109023008 A CN 109023008A
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxolanthaniooxy)lanthanum Chemical compound O=[La]O[La]=O KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 rare earth oxygen Compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003026 anti-oxygenic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015136 FeMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016583 MnAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the formulas and its preparation process of a kind of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature, comprising the following steps: ingredient；Melting；Forging；Gren rod；Heat treatment；Soda boiling, pickling；Drawing；Coating；The electrothermal alloy is made；Whether instrument needed for wherein ingredient needs to check is intact, is prepared work；And raw material preparation is carried out by the above component proportion, and the rare earth metal prepared, oxide nano rare earth is individually placed；It needs the raw material in addition to rare earth metal, oxide nano rare earth being put into melting in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove in fusion process, is evacuated to 1 × 10‑4Pa.The present invention provides the formulas and its preparation process of a kind of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature, by controlling forging temperature, control raw material proportioning rationally to carry out the preparation of electrothermal alloy, effectively increase the heat-resisting ability and oxidation resistance of electrothermal alloy, service life increases, practical function is more preferable, has extremely wide prospect of production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrothermal alloy technical field, the formula and its preparation work of specifically a kind of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature
Skill.
Background technique
Electrothermal alloy, high-temperature electric heat metal alloy compositions are generally used for the alloy material of manufacture heating element.When electric current is logical
When crossing alloying element, Joule effect is generated, converts electric energy into thermal energy, electrothermal alloy product is made generally in thin heating wire, circle
Wire rod, sheet metal band (resistance band), may be made as tubing and casting under particular/special requirement, big, heat-resistant anti-fatigue, anti-corruption with resistivity
The features such as erosion and high temperature form stability are good, is widely used among our life.
It is widely used with advances in technology with development, various industrial furnaces, society is anxious to the demand of electrothermal alloy
Increase severely big, although the nichrome Cr20Ni80 being widely used at present has, fusing point is high, thermal expansion coefficient is small, antioxygenic property
Good advantage, but still have the shortcomings that elevated temperature strength is poor, service life is short, therefore when electrothermal alloy is in hot environment
Under, its inoxidizability and service life will be greatly reduced, this significantly increases our economic cost, also to electrothermal alloy
Application cause great puzzlement.
For above situation, we devise the formula and its preparation process of a kind of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature, pass through conjunction
The proportion and technique of reason, not only need to improve the high temperature resistance of electrothermal alloy, while also needing to improve inoxidizability, increase
Service life, this is our problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
It is existing to solve the purpose of the present invention is to provide the formula and its preparation process of a kind of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature
The problems in technology.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of formula of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature, the electrothermal alloy material are count by weight percentage, including following
Ingredient: C:0.01-0.06%, Si:1-1.5%, Mg:1.5%-2.5%, Mn:0.5-1%, Al:15-25%, Cr:30-
40%, Ni:25-28%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.01%, Ti:1.5-3%, V:1-2%, Nb:2-5%, Zr:4-6%, group of the lanthanides
Rare earth: 3-5%, oxide nano rare earth: 2-5%, surplus are iron.
More optimally, the electrothermal alloy material count by weight percentage, including following component: C:0.01-
0.03%, Si:1.2-1.5%, Mg:1.5%-2.5%, Mn:0.5-1%, Al:15-25%, Cr:30-40%, Ni:26-
28%, it P≤0.02%, S≤0.01%, Ti:2-3%, V:1-2%, Nb:2-5%, Zr:4-6%, lanthanide rare: 3-5%, receives
Rice rare earth oxide: 2-5%, iron P≤0.5%.
More optimally, the lanthanide rare count by weight percentage, including following component: lanthanum: 22-26%, cerium:
20-25%, neodymium: 18-20%, praseodymium: 12-16%, dysprosium: 8-10%, remaining lanthanide series: 3-20%, the sum of the above components are
100%.
More optimally, purity >=99.00% of the oxide nano rare earth, granularity≤30 nanometer.
More optimally, the oxide nano rare earth is Y2O3、La2O3、CeO2、Nd2O3One kind or several mixed
Close object.
More optimally, a kind of preparation process of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature, comprising the following steps:
1) ingredient；
2) melting；
3) it forges；
4) gren rod；
5) it is heat-treated；
6) soda boiling, pickling；
7) drawing；
8) coating；
9) electrothermal alloy is made.
More optimally, comprising the following steps:
1) ingredient:
Whether instrument needed for a) checking is intact, is prepared work；
B) raw material preparation is carried out by the above component proportion, and the rare earth metal prepared, oxide nano rare earth is individually put
It sets；
2) melting:
A) raw material in addition to rare earth metal, oxide nano rare earth is put into melting in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove, taken out
Vacuum is to 1 × 10-4Pa, smelting temperature remain 1700-1800 DEG C；
B) oxide nano rare earth is added after melting, and carries out oxygen decarburization, rear to carry out high vacuum boiling, boiling time is
35-60min；
C) smelted, while rare earth metal prepared in step 1) be divided into three parts, respectively total amount 1/5, it is total
Amount 2/5, total amount 2/5, that 1/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added to intermediate frequency under protection of argon gas is true when smelting last ten minutes
In empty induction furnace；2/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added to intermediate frequency vacuum induction under protection of argon gas when smelting last five minutes
In furnace；Remaining rare earth metal is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when smelting last three minutes；
D) it taps, control tapping temperature is 1500-1650 DEG C；
E) cooling, ingot casting is made；
3) it forges:
A) above-mentioned ingot casting is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace and is heated, temperature is 300 DEG C, 1350 DEG C is warming up in 2h, heat preservation
Forging in four-column hydraulic press is put into after 25min；
B) oil quenching is carried out after forging；
4) gren rod: the sample after forging is subjected to gren rod, hot-rolled temperature is 1150 DEG C -1300 DEG C, open rolling temperature
Degree: 1250 DEG C, finishing temperature: 1200 DEG C；
5) it is heat-treated:
A) use Three-section type heating, first segment heating temperature be 500-650 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 10-15min, second segment
Heating temperature is 850-950 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 35-40min, third section heating temperature is 1000-1150 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature
15-25min；
B) water quenching cooling, water-quenched slag are 650-800 DEG C；
6) soda boiling, pickling:
A) wire rod after heat treatment in step 5) is put into mixed ammonium/alkali solutions and carries out soda boiling, at once by the wire rod after soda boiling
It is quick-fried that water is carried out into the water, removes the surface film oxide of wire rod；
B) then wire rod is put into mixed acid solution and carries out pickling, the oxidation film on wire rod surface all removed clean；
7) drawing: multi pass drawing is carried out after rinsing, obtains finished product；
8) coating: to gained finished surface coating, coating high-temperaure coating, placement first applies again after adsorbing completely to coating
Cover corrosion-resistant coating；
9) electrothermal alloy is made.
More optimally, in the step 3), total deformation is 50%-70% when forging, and starting forging temperature is 1250 DEG C, eventually
Forging temperature is 800-900 DEG C.
More optimally, in the step 6), mixed ammonium/alkali solutions are the mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate, control alkali
Boiling temperature is 450-500 DEG C, and the control soda boiling time is 35-50min.
More optimally, in the step 6), mixed acid solution is the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride, controls pickling temperature
Degree is 45-65 DEG C, and control pickling time is 30-40min.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
It selects intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove to carry out smelting operation in the present invention, provides effective control to chemical component,
And contact between solution and carbon, hydrogen, oxygen is prevented, by the good tapping temperature of strict control, reaction of the furnace charge in furnace is abundant,
Smelting Effect is good, and the electrothermal alloy ingot quality of preparation is good.
The content for increasing Cr in the present invention in reaction raw materials proportion, forms fine and close oxidation film in alloy surface enough
Cr2O3, oxidation film Cr2O3There is very strong adhesive force between parent metal, oxygen can be hindered to spread into metallic matrix, it can be with
Guarantee electrothermal alloy service life in a high temperauture environment, improves the fire-resistant oxidation resistant performance of electrothermal alloy；Raw material simultaneously
In Si can produce SiO under high temperature environment2, SiO2Cr can be supplemented2O3The defect of generation improves Cr2O3The cause of oxidation film
Close property, anti-oxidant high temperature resistance obtain further perfect.
It is added to Mg in raw material of the present invention, in the preparation process of electrothermal alloy, Mg and Si will do it reaction production
Mg2The intensity of alloy can be improved in Si, increases the mechanical property of electrothermal alloy, while Mg:Si < 1.75, Si's contains after reaction
Amount there are also remaining, can same Fe, Mn etc. generate compound, increase strengthening effect.
The content of Al is increased in the present invention, and the meltage of oxygen in alloy, while preparation process not only can be effectively reduced
The Al of middle production2O3Oxidation film also reduces the meltage of oxygen in alloy, improves the antioxygenic property of electrothermal alloy, while Al element
It can also interact with Cr, reduce Al2O3Oxidation film and Cr2O3Required the critical of Al, Cr contains when oxidation film generation
Amount promotes Al2O3Oxidation film and Cr2O3The formation of oxidation film.
Alloy is added to a small amount of Mn in the present invention, and the corrosion resistance of electrothermal alloy not only can be improved, can be improved simultaneously
The intensity of alloy, while Mn can react the intermetallic compound MnAl to form disperse with Al6, thus play hinder crystal grain grow up,
The effect of crystal grain is refined, but when manganese content is greater than 1.6%, due to forming a large amount of brittleness MnAl6, cause alloy plasticity aobvious
Writing reduces, pressure machining characteristics decline, so the content for controlling manganese in the present invention is 0.5-1%.
The content that iron is controlled in the present invention is 0.5% hereinafter, when containing a small amount of iron in electrothermal alloy, can effectively be softened
Alloy structure, but when iron content is excessively high, solubility of the Mn in Al can be reduced, (FeMn) Al is generated6, which results in electrothermal alloys
Moulding substantially reduce, therefore the content of control iron is 0.5% or less when we design.
The content of Ti is less in the present invention, it can form TiO in alloy surface2Oxidation film improves the antioxygen of electrothermal alloy
Change ability, but will appear a large amount of dissolution phenomenas of oxygen in Ti lattice, this will lead to the crisp generation of oxygen, in response to this, we
Nb element is increased, it can reduce TiO2The adhesiveness of oxidation film reduces the growth stress of oxide to improve alloy
Oxidation resistance；Nb element can also reduce the activity of Ti element simultaneously, increase the activity of Al in alloy, reduce Al2O3Oxidation film
Al limting concentration so that Al2O3Oxidation film can be generated in the case where Al concentration is very low, and electric heating conjunction can be effectively ensured
The antioxygenic property of gold.
It is added to oxide nano rare earth in the present invention, when electrothermal alloy is under high-temperature water vapor environment, can be formed
It rich in Cr and a small amount of oxide nano rare earth surface, improves service life, increases inoxidizability.
It is added to several rare earth metals in the present invention, since the atomic radius and ionic radius of rare earth element are larger, and has
There is surface-active, be usually enriched in the forward position of crystal defect and grain growth, effectively hinders crystal grain and grow up, and surface-active
The selective absorption rare earth element of substance generally all has surface-active, can the certain nonmetal inclusions of selective absorption, into molten
Slag is excluded, therefore rare earth element plays the role of refining molten metal；Rare earth oxide also improves the cause of Cr and Al oxide
Close property improves the binding strength of protection oxidation film and metallic matrix, enhances the high-temperature oxidation resistance of material.
The elements such as Cr, the Mn added in the present invention can also generate Al in the alloy3The dispersions such as Zr can inhibit to tie again
Brilliant progress reduces recrystallization degree, the intensity of alloy not only can be improved, while can also improve the corrosion resistance of alloy
Energy.
During the preparation process, we design for rare earth metal to be divided into and put into induction furnace three times, can not only make rare earth golden
Belong to prepare between raw material prepare it is more uniform merge, while also can be improved the suction-operated of rare earth metal, be effectively reduced
The preparation difficulty of electrothermal alloy, while the antioxygenic property of the electrothermal alloy made is more outstanding.
It is heat-treated in the present invention using three-stage, electrothermal alloy can be improved by increasing the grain boundary defects of electrothermal alloy
Resistivity, the case where in order to control the surface of forging and the temperature difference of center portion, avoid the occurrence of forging cracking, the present invention is carried out
It heats for the first time and heat preservation operation, temperature is 500-650 DEG C；Then it carries out heating for second after keeping the temperature, temperature 850-950
DEG C, and kept the temperature again, design in this way can reduce the temperature difference of workpiece surface and center portion, on the one hand weaken thermal stress and avoid
On the other hand the appearance of micro-crack improves heating efficiency；Third time heating is finally carried out, temperature is 1000-1150 DEG C, in steel
Carbide Phases can sufficiently dissolve, and obtain the solid solution of degree of supersaturation, achieve the purpose that reinforcing；Why temperature is set as
1000-1150 DEG C, because the austenitizing holding temperature higher than 1080 DEG C will lead to crystal grain and grow up, and heating rate when heating
Less than 150 DEG C/h, crystal grain can be effectively prevent to grow up in this way；
The elements such as more rare earth element and Mg, Cr, Ti, while the raw material of alloy are added in element proportion in the present invention
Proportion and previous preparation proportion, which have, more significantly to be changed, therefore temperature design when heating for the first time, second of heating
It is higher, and soaking time is longer, design in this way can guarantee that raw material can be merged preferably, ensure that forging after heat treatment
Intensity, improve the yield strength and tensile strength of forging, while grain size is guaranteed.
Water quenching cooling has been used simultaneously, and design in this way can increase the internal flaw of metal, and the temperature control of water quenching exists
650-800 DEG C, the vacancy concentration of metal inside can be improved in such high temperature, and water quenching can have the vacancy of metal inside
Effect is freezed, and achievees the effect that improve resistivity.
The present invention is by improving heat treatment procedure, carrying out heating for multiple times and keeping the temperature, and the time kept the temperature and temperature parameter are done
Specific design, and quenching technical and technological parameter are optimized, it the yield strength of alloy is not only increased, also improves simultaneously
The impact flexibility of forging, to improve the comprehensive performance of forging.
The present invention provides the formulas and its preparation process of a kind of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature, by controlling forging temperature
Degree controls raw material proportioning rationally to carry out the preparation of electrothermal alloy, effectively increases the heat-resisting ability and antioxygen of electrothermal alloy
Change ability, service life increase, and practical function is more preferable, have extremely wide prospect of production.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
Embodiment 1:
Electrothermal alloy material count by weight percentage, including following component: C:0.01%, Si:1.5%, Mg:2%,
Mn:1%, Al:25%, Cr:30%, Ni:26%, P:0.02%, S:0.01%, Ti:2%, V:1%, Nb:2%, Zr:4%,
Lanthanide rare: 3%, oxide nano rare earth: 2%, surplus is iron；
Wherein lanthanide rare count by weight percentage, including following component: lanthanum: 22%, cerium: 20%, neodymium: 18%, praseodymium:
12%, dysprosium: 8%, remaining lanthanide series: 20%；
Oxide nano rare earth selects Y in embodiment 12O3、La2O3Mixture；
It whether intact first checks for required instrument, is prepared work；Raw material preparation is carried out by required component proportion, and will
Rare earth metal, the oxide nano rare earth prepared is individually placed；Raw material in addition to rare earth metal, oxide nano rare earth is put
Enter the melting into intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove, is evacuated to 1 × 10-4Pa, smelting temperature remain 1700 DEG C；Nanometer is added after fusing
Rare earth oxide, and oxygen decarburization is carried out, it is rear to carry out high vacuum boiling, boiling time 35min；
Then smelted, while prepared rare earth metal be divided into three parts, respectively total amount 1/5, total amount 2/
5,1/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added to intermediate frequency vacuum induction under protection of argon gas when smelting last ten minutes by the 2/5 of total amount
In furnace；2/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when smelting last five minutes；Smelting
Remaining rare earth metal is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when refining last three minutes；Tapping, controls out
Steel temperature is 1500 DEG C；It is cooling, ingot casting is made；It being heated with above-mentioned ingot casting is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace, temperature is 300 DEG C,
It is warming up to 1350 DEG C in 2h, keeps the temperature and be put into forging in four-column hydraulic press after 25min, total deformation is 50% when forging, opens forging
Temperature is 1250 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 800 DEG C；Oil quenching is carried out after forging；The sample after forging is subjected to gren rod, hot rolling again
Temperature is 1150 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is 1250 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 1200 DEG C；
Then be heat-treated, using Three-section type heating, first segment heating temperature is 500 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 10min,
Second segment heating temperature is 850 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 35min, third section heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 15min；
And water quenching cooling, water-quenched slag are 650 DEG C；Wire rod after middle heat treatment is put into the mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate again
Middle carry out soda boiling, control soda boiling temperature are 450 DEG C, and the control soda boiling time is 35min, at once into the water by the wire rod after soda boiling
It is quick-fried to carry out water, removes the surface film oxide of wire rod；Then wire rod is put into the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride and carries out pickling,
Controlling pickling temperature is 45 DEG C, and control pickling time is 30min, the oxidation film on wire rod surface is all removed clean；Finally will
Multi pass drawing is carried out after rinsing, obtains finished product；And to gained finished surface coating, first coating high-temperaure coating, place extremely
Coating is coated with corrosion-resistant coating after adsorbing completely；The electrothermal alloy is made.
Embodiment 2:
Electrothermal alloy material count by weight percentage, including following component: C:0.01%, Si:1.5%, Mg:2%,
Mn:1%, Al:25%, Cr:30%, Ni:26%, P:0.02%, S:0.01%, Ti:2%, V:1%, Nb:2%, Zr:4%,
Lanthanide rare: 3%, oxide nano rare earth: 2%, surplus is iron；
Wherein lanthanide rare count by weight percentage, including following component: lanthanum: 22%, cerium: 20%, neodymium: 18%, praseodymium:
12%, dysprosium: 8%, remaining lanthanide series: 20%；
Oxide nano rare earth selects Y in embodiment 22O3、La2O3Mixture；
It whether intact first checks for required instrument, is prepared work；Raw material preparation is carried out by required component proportion, and will
Rare earth metal, the oxide nano rare earth prepared is individually placed；Raw material in addition to rare earth metal, oxide nano rare earth is put
Enter the melting into intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove, is evacuated to 1 × 10-4Pa, smelting temperature remain 1700 DEG C；Nanometer is added after fusing
Rare earth oxide, and oxygen decarburization is carried out, it is rear to carry out high vacuum boiling, boiling time 35min；
Then smelted, while prepared rare earth metal be divided into three parts, respectively total amount 1/5, total amount 2/
5,1/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added to intermediate frequency vacuum induction under protection of argon gas when smelting last ten minutes by the 2/5 of total amount
In furnace；2/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when smelting last five minutes；Smelting
Remaining rare earth metal is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when refining last three minutes；Tapping, controls out
Steel temperature is 1500 DEG C；It is cooling, ingot casting is made；It being heated with above-mentioned ingot casting is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace, temperature is 300 DEG C,
It is warming up to 1350 DEG C in 2h, keeps the temperature and be put into forging in four-column hydraulic press after 25min, total deformation is 50% when forging, opens forging
Temperature is 1250 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 800 DEG C；Oil quenching is carried out after forging；The sample after forging is subjected to gren rod, hot rolling again
Temperature is 1150 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is 1250 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 1200 DEG C；
Then be heat-treated, using Three-section type heating, first segment heating temperature is 400 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 5min, the
Two sections of heating temperatures are 600 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 15min, third section heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 15min；And
Water quenching cooling, water-quenched slag are 650 DEG C；The wire rod after middle heat treatment is put into again in the mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate
Carry out soda boiling, control soda boiling temperature be 450 DEG C, the control soda boiling time be 35min, by the wire rod after soda boiling at once into the water into
Row water is quick-fried, removes the surface film oxide of wire rod；Then wire rod is put into the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride and carries out pickling, controlled
Pickling temperature processed is 45 DEG C, and control pickling time is 30min, the oxidation film on wire rod surface is all removed clean；It finally will drift
Multi pass drawing is carried out after washing, and obtains finished product；And to gained finished surface coating, first coating high-temperaure coating, place to painting
Corrosion-resistant coating is coated with after layer absorption completely；The electrothermal alloy is made.
Embodiment 3:
Electrothermal alloy material count by weight percentage, including following component: C:0.01%, Si:1.5%, Mg:2%,
Mn:1%, Al:25%, Cr:30%, Ni:26%, P:0.02%, S:0.01%, Ti:2%, V:1%, Nb:2%, Zr:4%,
Lanthanide rare: 3%, oxide nano rare earth: 2%, surplus is iron；
Wherein lanthanide rare count by weight percentage, including following component: lanthanum: 22%, cerium: 20%, neodymium: 18%, praseodymium:
12%, dysprosium: 8%, remaining lanthanide series: 20%；
Oxide nano rare earth selects Y in embodiment 32O3、La2O3Mixture；
It whether intact first checks for required instrument, is prepared work；Raw material preparation is carried out by required component proportion, and will
Rare earth metal, the oxide nano rare earth prepared is individually placed；Raw material in addition to rare earth metal, oxide nano rare earth is put
Enter the melting into intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove, is evacuated to 1 × 10-4Pa, smelting temperature remain 1700 DEG C；Nanometer is added after fusing
Rare earth oxide, and oxygen decarburization is carried out, it is rear to carry out high vacuum boiling, boiling time 35min；
Then smelted, while prepared rare earth metal be divided into three parts, respectively total amount 1/5, total amount 2/
5,1/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added to intermediate frequency vacuum induction under protection of argon gas when smelting last ten minutes by the 2/5 of total amount
In furnace；2/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when smelting last five minutes；Smelting
Remaining rare earth metal is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when refining last three minutes；Tapping, controls out
Steel temperature is 1500 DEG C；It is cooling, ingot casting is made；It being heated with above-mentioned ingot casting is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace, temperature is 300 DEG C,
It is warming up to 1350 DEG C in 2h, keeps the temperature and be put into forging in four-column hydraulic press after 25min, total deformation is 50% when forging, opens forging
Temperature is 1250 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 800 DEG C；Oil quenching is carried out after forging；The sample after forging is subjected to gren rod, hot rolling again
Temperature is 1150 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is 1250 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 1200 DEG C；
Then be heat-treated, be heated to heating temperature be 400 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 5min, water quenching cooling, water-quenched slag
It is 650 DEG C；The wire rod after middle heat treatment is put into again in the mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate and carries out soda boiling, controls soda boiling
Temperature is 450 DEG C, and the control soda boiling time is 35min, and by the wire rod after soda boiling, progress water is quick-fried into the water at once, removes wire rod
Surface film oxide；Then wire rod being put into the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride and carries out pickling, control pickling temperature is 45 DEG C,
Control pickling time is 30min, the oxidation film on wire rod surface is all removed clean；Finally multi-pass drawing will be carried out after rinsing
It pulls out, obtains finished product；And to gained finished surface coating, coating high-temperaure coating, placement first applies again after adsorbing completely to coating
Cover corrosion-resistant coating；The electrothermal alloy is made.
Experiment detection 1:
In embodiment 2, the preparation process of alloy is same as Example 1, only changes the heat treatment in two embodiments
Parameter is adjusted the temperature and soaking time of first time heating and second of heating, after being heat-treated in embodiment 2
Forging testing result is compared with the testing result in embodiment 1；
In embodiment 3, the preparation process of alloy is identical as the step in embodiment 1, embodiment 2, only changes heat treatment
Mode, by embodiment 3 be heat-treated after forging testing result and embodiment 1 in testing result, the detection in embodiment 2
As a result it compares；
Obtain following data:
Such as draw a conclusion by the way that above data is available:
Embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 are three groups of comparative tests, are carried out by embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3
The detection data of obtained forging is heat-treated it is found that the forging only obtained by the heat treatment mode of primary heating in embodiment 3
Yield strength, tensile strength be far smaller than embodiment 1, the forging in embodiment 2；It changes in embodiment 1 and to heat three times
Parameter and heat preservation duration, therefore the yield strength of obtained forging, tensile strength are far longer than embodiment 2, the forging in embodiment 1
Part.
Embodiment 4:
Electrothermal alloy material count by weight percentage, including following component: C:0.02%, Si:1.4%, Mg:2.5%,
Mn:1%, Al:15%, Cr:25%, Ni:27%, P:0.01%, S:0.01%, Ti:2.5%, V:2%, Nb:2.5%, Zr:
4%, lanthanide rare: 5%, oxide nano rare earth: 3%, surplus is iron；
Wherein lanthanide rare count by weight percentage, including following component: lanthanum: 25%, cerium: 24%, neodymium: 19%, praseodymium:
14%, dysprosium: 9%, remaining lanthanide series: 9%；
Oxide nano rare earth selects La in embodiment 42O3、CeO2Mixture；
It whether intact first checks for required instrument, is prepared work；Raw material preparation is carried out by required component proportion, and will
Rare earth metal, the oxide nano rare earth prepared is individually placed；Raw material in addition to rare earth metal, oxide nano rare earth is put
Enter the melting into intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove, is evacuated to 1 × 10-4Pa, smelting temperature remain 1750 DEG C；Nanometer is added after fusing
Rare earth oxide, and oxygen decarburization is carried out, it is rear to carry out high vacuum boiling, boiling time 50min；
Then smelted, while prepared rare earth metal be divided into three parts, respectively total amount 1/5, total amount 2/
5,1/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added to intermediate frequency vacuum induction under protection of argon gas when smelting last ten minutes by the 2/5 of total amount
In furnace；2/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when smelting last five minutes；Smelting
Remaining rare earth metal is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when refining last three minutes；Tapping, controls out
Steel temperature is 1600 DEG C；It is cooling, ingot casting is made；It being heated with above-mentioned ingot casting is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace, temperature is 300 DEG C,
It is warming up to 1350 DEG C in 2h, keeps the temperature and be put into forging in four-column hydraulic press after 25min, total deformation is 60% when forging, opens forging
Temperature is 1250 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 850 DEG C；Oil quenching is carried out after forging；The sample after forging is subjected to gren rod, hot rolling again
Temperature is 1250 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is 1250 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 1200 DEG C；
Then be heat-treated, using Three-section type heating, first segment heating temperature is 800 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 12min,
Second segment heating temperature is 900 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 38min, third section heating temperature is 1100 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 20min；
And water quenching cooling, water-quenched slag are 700 DEG C；Wire rod after middle heat treatment is put into the mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate again
Middle carry out soda boiling, control soda boiling temperature are 475 DEG C, and the control soda boiling time is 45min, at once into the water by the wire rod after soda boiling
It is quick-fried to carry out water, removes the surface film oxide of wire rod；Then wire rod is put into the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride and carries out pickling,
Controlling pickling temperature is 50 DEG C, and control pickling time is 35min, the oxidation film on wire rod surface is all removed clean；Finally will
Multi pass drawing is carried out after rinsing, obtains finished product；And to gained finished surface coating, first coating high-temperaure coating, place extremely
Coating is coated with corrosion-resistant coating after adsorbing completely；The electrothermal alloy is made.
Embodiment 5:
Electrothermal alloy material count by weight percentage, including following component: C:0.03%, Si:1.5%, Mg:2.5%,
Mn:0.8%, Al:20%, Cr:30%, Ni:26%, P:0.01%, S:0.005%, Ti:3%, V:2%, Nb:5%, Zr:
5%, lanthanide rare: 3%, oxide nano rare earth: 2%, surplus is iron；
Wherein lanthanide rare count by weight percentage, including following component: lanthanum: 26%, cerium: 25%, neodymium: 20%, praseodymium:
16%, dysprosium: 10%, remaining lanthanide series: 3%；
Oxide nano rare earth selects CeO in embodiment 52、Nd2O3Mixture；
It whether intact first checks for required instrument, is prepared work；Raw material preparation is carried out by required component proportion, and will
Rare earth metal, the oxide nano rare earth prepared is individually placed；Raw material in addition to rare earth metal, oxide nano rare earth is put
Enter the melting into intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove, is evacuated to 1 × 10-4Pa, smelting temperature remain 1800 DEG C；Nanometer is added after fusing
Rare earth oxide, and oxygen decarburization is carried out, it is rear to carry out high vacuum boiling, boiling time 60min；
Then smelted, while prepared rare earth metal be divided into three parts, respectively total amount 1/5, total amount 2/
5,1/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added to intermediate frequency vacuum induction under protection of argon gas when smelting last ten minutes by the 2/5 of total amount
In furnace；2/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when smelting last five minutes；Smelting
Remaining rare earth metal is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when refining last three minutes；Tapping, controls out
Steel temperature is 1650 DEG C；It is cooling, ingot casting is made；It being heated with above-mentioned ingot casting is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace, temperature is 300 DEG C,
It is warming up to 1350 DEG C in 2h, keeps the temperature and be put into forging in four-column hydraulic press after 25min, total deformation is 70% when forging, opens forging
Temperature is 1250 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 900 DEG C；Oil quenching is carried out after forging；The sample after forging is subjected to gren rod, hot rolling again
Temperature is 1300 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is 1250 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 1200 DEG C；
Then be heat-treated, using Three-section type heating, first segment heating temperature is 850 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 15min,
Second segment heating temperature is 950 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 40min, third section heating temperature is 1150 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 15min；
And water quenching cooling, water-quenched slag are 800 DEG C；Wire rod after middle heat treatment is put into the mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate again
Middle carry out soda boiling, control soda boiling temperature are 500 DEG C, and the control soda boiling time is 50min, at once into the water by the wire rod after soda boiling
It is quick-fried to carry out water, removes the surface film oxide of wire rod；Then wire rod is put into the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride and carries out pickling,
Controlling pickling temperature is 65 DEG C, and control pickling time is 40min, the oxidation film on wire rod surface is all removed clean；Finally will
Multi pass drawing is carried out after rinsing, obtains finished product；And to gained finished surface coating, first coating high-temperaure coating, place extremely
Coating is coated with corrosion-resistant coating after adsorbing completely；The electrothermal alloy is made.
Embodiment 6:
Electrothermal alloy material count by weight percentage, including following component: C:0.01%, Si:1.5%, Mg:1.5%,
Mn:0.7%, Al:20%, Cr:32%, Ni:28%, P:0.02%, S:0.01%, Ti:2.6%, V:1.5%, Nb:2.8%,
Zr:3.2%, lanthanide rare: 4%, oxide nano rare earth: 2.8%, surplus is iron；
Wherein lanthanide rare count by weight percentage, including following component: lanthanum: 25%, cerium: 23%, neodymium: 18%, praseodymium:
15%, dysprosium: 8.5%, remaining lanthanide series: 10.5%；
Oxide nano rare earth selects La in embodiment 62O3、Nd2O3Mixture；
It whether intact first checks for required instrument, is prepared work；Raw material preparation is carried out by required component proportion, and will
Rare earth metal, the oxide nano rare earth prepared is individually placed；Raw material in addition to rare earth metal, oxide nano rare earth is put
Enter the melting into intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove, is evacuated to 1 × 10-4Pa, smelting temperature remain 1760 DEG C；Nanometer is added after fusing
Rare earth oxide, and oxygen decarburization is carried out, it is rear to carry out high vacuum boiling, boiling time 45min；
Then smelted, while prepared rare earth metal be divided into three parts, respectively total amount 1/5, total amount 2/
5,1/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added to intermediate frequency vacuum induction under protection of argon gas when smelting last ten minutes by the 2/5 of total amount
In furnace；2/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when smelting last five minutes；Smelting
Remaining rare earth metal is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when refining last three minutes；Tapping, controls out
Steel temperature is 1580 DEG C；It is cooling, ingot casting is made；It being heated with above-mentioned ingot casting is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace, temperature is 300 DEG C,
It is warming up to 1350 DEG C in 2h, keeps the temperature and be put into forging in four-column hydraulic press after 25min, total deformation is 55% when forging, opens forging
Temperature is 1250 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 850 DEG C；Oil quenching is carried out after forging；The sample after forging is subjected to gren rod, hot rolling again
Temperature is 1200 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is 1250 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 1200 DEG C；
Then be heat-treated, using Three-section type heating, first segment heating temperature is 700 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 15min,
Second segment heating temperature is 950 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 40min, third section heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 15min；
And water quenching cooling, water-quenched slag are 800 DEG C；Wire rod after middle heat treatment is put into the mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate again
Middle carry out soda boiling, control soda boiling temperature are 450 DEG C, and the control soda boiling time is 50min, at once into the water by the wire rod after soda boiling
It is quick-fried to carry out water, removes the surface film oxide of wire rod；Then wire rod is put into the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride and carries out pickling,
Controlling pickling temperature is 46 DEG C, and control pickling time is 40min, the oxidation film on wire rod surface is all removed clean；Finally will
Multi pass drawing is carried out after rinsing, obtains finished product；And to gained finished surface coating, first coating high-temperaure coating, place extremely
Coating is coated with corrosion-resistant coating after adsorbing completely；The electrothermal alloy is made.
Experiment detection 2:
Every detection, testing number are carried out to embodiment 1, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, the preparation gained electrothermal alloy of embodiment 6
According to as shown in the table,
Such as draw a conclusion by the way that above data is available:
Pass through the inoxidizability and extension of the electrothermal alloy that embodiment 1, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6 are prepared
Rate is all fine, and wherein embodiment 1, embodiment 2, the resistivity in embodiment 4 have reached 1.5 or more, and resistivity is high, through quick
Life test, according to the result in the quick service life of different temperatures it can be concluded that, the electrothermal alloy being prepared in four embodiments
Good high temperature resistance is all had, service life is at 1300 DEG C substantially all in 85h or more, 1400 DEG C substantially all in 75h
More than, for more present electrothermal alloy, the service life is longer, and high-temperature resistant result is more preferable, qualification rate also reached 97% with
On, technology stability is good, has wide prospect of production.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of formula of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature, it is characterised in that: the electrothermal alloy material count by weight percentage,
Including following component: C:0.01-0.06%, Si:1-1.5%, Mg:1.5%-2.5%, Mn:0.5-1%, Al:15-25%,
Cr:30-40%, Ni:25-28%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.01%, Ti:1.5-3%, V:1-2%, Nb:2-5%, Zr:4-
6%, lanthanide rare: 3-5%, oxide nano rare earth: 2-5%, surplus are iron.
2. a kind of formula of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electrothermal alloy material
Expect count by weight percentage, including following component: C:0.01-0.03%, Si:1.2-1.5%, Mg:1.5%-2.5%, Mn:
0.5-1%, Al:15-25%, Cr:30-40%, Ni:26-28%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.01%, Ti:2-3%, V:1-
2%, Nb:2-5%, Zr:4-6%, lanthanide rare: 3-5%, oxide nano rare earth: 2-5%, iron P≤0.5%.
3. a kind of formula of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the lanthanide rare is pressed
Weight percent calculates, including following component: lanthanum: 22-26%, cerium: 20-25%, neodymium: 18-20%, praseodymium: 12-16%, dysprosium: 8-
10%, remaining lanthanide series: 3-20%, the sum of the above components are 100%.
4. a kind of formula of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the nano rare earth oxygen
Purity >=99.00% of compound, granularity≤30 nanometer.
5. a kind of formula of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the nano rare earth oxygen
Compound is Y2O3、La2O3、CeO2、Nd2O3One kind or several mixture.
6. a kind of preparation process of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
1) ingredient；
2) melting；
3) it forges；
4) gren rod；
5) it is heat-treated；
6) soda boiling, pickling；
7) drawing；
8) coating；
9) electrothermal alloy is made.
7. a kind of preparation process of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: including following step
It is rapid:
1) ingredient:
Whether instrument needed for a) checking is intact, is prepared work；
B) raw material preparation is carried out by the above component proportion, and the rare earth metal prepared, oxide nano rare earth is individually placed；
2) melting:
A) raw material in addition to rare earth metal, oxide nano rare earth is put into melting in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove, vacuumized
To 1 × 10-4Pa, smelting temperature remain 1700-1800 DEG C；
B) oxide nano rare earth is added after melting, and carries out oxygen decarburization, it is rear to carry out high vacuum boiling, boiling time 35-
60min；
C) smelted, while rare earth metal prepared in step 1) be divided into three parts, respectively total amount 1/5, total amount
2/5,1/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added to intermediate frequency vacuum sense under protection of argon gas when smelting last ten minutes by the 2/5 of total amount
It answers in furnace；2/5 rare earth metal of total amount is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when smelting last five minutes；
Remaining rare earth metal is added in intermediate frequency vaccum sensitive stove under protection of argon gas when smelting last three minutes；
D) it taps, control tapping temperature is 1500-1650 DEG C；
E) cooling, ingot casting is made；
3) it forges:
A) above-mentioned ingot casting is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace and is heated, temperature is 300 DEG C, and 1350 DEG C are warming up in 2h, keeps the temperature 25min
After be put into forging in four-column hydraulic press；
B) oil quenching is carried out after forging；
4) gren rod: the sample after forging is subjected to gren rod, hot-rolled temperature is 1150 DEG C -1300 DEG C, start rolling temperature:
1250 DEG C, finishing temperature: 1200 DEG C；
5) it is heat-treated:
A) use Three-section type heating, first segment heating temperature is 500-650 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 10-15min, second segment heating
Temperature is 850-950 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 35-40min, third section heating temperature is 1000-1150 DEG C, to temperature after keep the temperature 15-
25min；
B) water quenching cooling, water-quenched slag are 650-800 DEG C；
6) soda boiling, pickling:
A) wire rod after heat treatment in step 5) is put into mixed ammonium/alkali solutions and carries out soda boiling, the wire rod after soda boiling is put at once
It is quick-fried that water is carried out in water, removes the surface film oxide of wire rod；
B) then wire rod is put into mixed acid solution and carries out pickling, the oxidation film on wire rod surface all removed clean；
7) drawing: multi pass drawing is carried out after rinsing, obtains finished product；
8) coating: to gained finished surface coating, first coating high-temperaure coating, placement is coated with anti-after adsorbing completely to coating
Corrosion resistant coating；
9) electrothermal alloy is made.
8. a kind of preparation process of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the step 3)
In, total deformation is 50%-70% when forging, and starting forging temperature is 1250 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 800-900 DEG C.
9. a kind of preparation process of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the step 6)
In, mixed ammonium/alkali solutions are the mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate, and control soda boiling temperature is 450-500 DEG C, when controlling soda boiling
Between be 35-50min.
10. a kind of preparation process of electrothermal alloy resistant to high temperature according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the step
6) in, mixed acid solution is the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium chloride, and control pickling temperature is 45-65 DEG C, and control pickling time is
30-40min。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112064043A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-11 | 北京首钢吉泰安新材料有限公司 | Method for removing oxide film on surface of iron-chromium-aluminum wire rod and heating container |
| CN115161502A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-11 | 江苏以豪合金有限公司 | Preparation process of nickel-based high-resistance electric heating alloy wire for electric heating element |
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