CN109020406A - A kind of plastic concrete and preparation method thereof of anti-inorganic salts - Google Patents
A kind of plastic concrete and preparation method thereof of anti-inorganic salts Download PDFInfo
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- CN109020406A CN109020406A CN201811145259.XA CN201811145259A CN109020406A CN 109020406 A CN109020406 A CN 109020406A CN 201811145259 A CN201811145259 A CN 201811145259A CN 109020406 A CN109020406 A CN 109020406A
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- bentonite
- surfactant
- plastic concrete
- inorganic salts
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 241000353135 Psenopsis anomala Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 and early intensity Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 19
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical group CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- GPQHSGSUIJVIEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-propoxypropane Chemical compound C(F)C(OCCC)C GPQHSGSUIJVIEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PRPAGESBURMWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[F] Chemical compound [C].[F] PRPAGESBURMWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical group O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JSDQSWFFDIFSPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoyl fluoride Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(F)=O JSDQSWFFDIFSPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000047703 Nonion Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000000466 oxiranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- TXTCTCUXLQYGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C TXTCTCUXLQYGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BNBRQOLNMPCXKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound [Ca].OC(=O)C=C BNBRQOLNMPCXKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of plastic concretes and preparation method thereof of anti-inorganic salts.A kind of plastic concrete of anti-inorganic salts, it is mainly mixed by following component: by weight, cement: 150~210 parts, bentonite: 40~80 parts, clay: 75~105 parts, coarse sand: 398~513 parts, rice sand: 398~513 parts, melon seeds piece: 398~513 parts, polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant: 0.6~1 part, fluorocarbon surfactant: 0.1~2 part, polyether nonionic surfactant: 0.5~1.5 part, non-ionic polyacrylamide: 0.0002~0.02 part, water: 300~380 parts.Plastic concrete of the present invention compared to existing moulding concrete have it is higher resist inorganic salt, and early intensity, water permeability resistance, in terms of be able to maintain level identical with existing moulding concrete, even better than existing moulding concrete.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seepage control project technical fields, plastic concrete and its preparation more particularly, to a kind of anti-inorganic salts
Method.
Background technique
In the prior art, patent application CN102617073A discloses a kind of Plastic concrete for cutoff wall, including glue
Gel material, aggregate, water-reducing agent and water, it is mixed in plasticity that partial size, sand coarse aggregate ratio and water-cement ratio etc. by adjusting aggregate realize flyash
High additive in solidifying soil utilizes.CN105236901A discloses a kind of plastic concrete and preparation method thereof for antiseep,
Including cement, bentonite, flyash, gypsum, clay, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, redispersable latex powder, sodium carbonate, acrylic acid
Calcium, neopelex, sodium metasilicate and water, by using the combination of ordinary portland cement and portland slag cement,
It improves the early strength of plastic concrete and anti-permeability performance, redispersable latex powder is added improves plastic concrete workability and strong
The impermeability that calcium acrylate further increases concrete is added in degree.
But the plastic concrete in the above technology meets the inorganic salts in sea water intrusion, especially seawater, will affect swelling
Native effect reduces plastic concrete intensity and barrier performance.
In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of plastic concrete of anti-inorganic salts, and the plastic concrete is compared to existing
Moulding concrete have it is higher resist inorganic salt, and early intensity, water permeability resistance, in terms of be able to maintain with it is existing
There are the identical level of moulding concrete, even better than existing moulding concrete.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the plastic concrete of above-mentioned anti-inorganic salts, the preparation method
The anti-inorganic salts energy of the uniformity of plastic concrete material and the cohesiveness of material content and surface, and process can be improved
Simply, operation difficulty is low.
In order to achieve the goal above, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of plastic concrete of anti-inorganic salts, is mainly mixed by following component: by weight,
Cement: 150~210 parts,
Bentonite: 40~80 parts,
Clay: 75~105 parts,
Coarse sand: 398~513 parts,
Rice sand: 398~513 parts,
Melon seeds piece: 398~513 parts,
Polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant: 0.6~1 part,
Fluorocarbon surfactant: 0.1~2 part,
Polyether nonionic surfactant: 0.5~1.5 part,
Non-ionic polyacrylamide: 0.0002~0.02 part,
Water: 300~380 parts.
Compared with prior art, the present invention mainly by change aggregate composition and addition compound surfactant come
The anti-inorganic salts permeability of plastic concrete is improved, and is made using the collaboration between aggregate, cementitious material and surfactant
With the comprehensive performance of improvement plastic concrete, it is made to meet the performance requirement of impervious purposes.
Wherein, the coarse sand of gradient partial size, rice sand, melon seeds piece and clay, bentonite, cement, improve plastic concrete
Uniformity is conducive to improve plastic concrete early strength.
Polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant can effectively improve plastic concrete to the resistivity of inorganic salts,
Ensure intensity and infiltration coefficient.
Polyether nonionic surfactant improves plastic concrete to the resistance of chemical reagent, enhances stabilization
Property.
Polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant is added in the present invention, is formed and is protected on plastic concrete surface layer
Layer, reduces plastic concrete to ionic adsorption, further improves the resistivity to inorganic salts.
Non-ionic polyacrylamide is added in the present invention, reduces influence of the underground water to plastic concrete, reinforce it is each at
Cohesiveness between point is conducive to improve plastic concrete early strength.
Although the above polymer plays respective leading role, it has been investigated that, if the one kind being only added thereto,
Two or three, without whole additions, or using other proportions, ideal anti-inorganic salts performance can not be obtained.
In addition, above-mentioned plastic concrete can also be further improved, it is specific as follows.
Preferably, by weight,
Cement: 160~210 parts, preferably 160~200 parts, preferably 180~200 parts,
Bentonite: 50~80 parts, preferably 50~70 parts, preferably 60~80 parts,
Clay: 80~105 parts, preferably 80~100 parts, preferably 90~105 parts,
Coarse sand: 450~513 parts, preferably 450~490 parts, preferably 450~480 parts,
Rice sand: 450~513 parts, preferably 450~490 parts, preferably 450~480 parts,
Melon seeds piece: 450~513 parts, preferably 450~490 parts, preferably 450~480 parts,
Polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant: 0.7~1 part, preferably 0.8~1 part,
Fluorocarbon surfactant: 0.3~2 part, preferably 0.5~2 part, preferably 0.5~1.5 part,
Polyether nonionic surfactant: 0.8~1.5 part, preferably 1~1.5 part,
Non-ionic polyacrylamide: 0.0005~0.02 part, preferably 0.005~0.02 part, preferably 0.005~0.01
Part,
Water: 300~380 parts.
Preferably, the cement is 42.5 strength grade ordinary portland cement of label.
Preferably, the bentonite is sodium bentonite, and granularity meets 400 mesh screen residues below 10%.
Preferably, the clay selects silty clay, and moisture content is 8% hereinafter, granularity meets 100 mesh screen residues 10%
Below.
Preferably, the coarse sand selects river sand, 0.5~3mm of partial size.
Preferably, the rice sand forms for mountain cobble is broken, 3~5mm of partial size.
Preferably, the melon seeds piece forms for mountain cobble is broken, 5~10mm of partial size.
Preferably, coarse sand: rice sand: the mass ratio of melon seeds piece is 1:1:1.
Preferably, the polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant is ether alcohol sulfate, preferred fat alcohol polyoxy second
Alkene ether sulphate, preferably C12~C14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.
Preferably, the fluorocarbon surfactant selects polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol in the polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant is
0.4k~2k.
Preferably, the fluorine carbon in the polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant is perfluor (2- methyl -3-
Oxa- hexyl) fluoride or perfluor -2,5- dimethyl -3,6- dioxy nonanoyl fluorine.
Preferably, the polyether nonionic surfactant is the addition product of the ethylene oxide of polypropylene glycol, middle ring
Oxirane group number is preferably 40~50.
The preparation method that any conventional can be used in plastic concrete provided by the present invention is made, such as simple mixing,
However it has been investigated that, addition opportunity of mixed sequence and water and surfactant, extruding soil adding manner etc. to modeling
The performance of property concrete has a significant impact, for this purpose, the present invention provides following preferably preparation methods:
Preferably, including the following steps:
Step A: polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant and part water, part bentonite are mixed, are then allowed to stand
Bentonite slurry is made in extruding；
Step B: by non-ionic polyacrylamide and remaining water, polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluoro-carbon surface active
Agent, polyether nonionic surfactant mix, and adjusting liquid is made；
Step C: remaining raw material and the bentonite slurry, the adjusting liquid are mixed.
In method made above, by the preparatory extruding of part bentonite at mud, and polyoxyethylated ionic is added
Surfactant can form the anti-inorganic salts mudcake of water proof on plastic concrete surface, be conducive to improve plastic concrete early stage
Intensity and to inorganic salts resistance.
Non-ionic polyacrylamide, fluorocarbon surfactant, polyether nonionic surfactant are mixed into adjusting
Liquid, then mixed with aggregate, improve cohesiveness and the resistance to inorganic salts inside plastic concrete.
Preferably, in the step A, water used is the 90% of total Water, water used and swelling used
Native mass ratio is 100:10~15.
Preferably, the step C is further are as follows: presses cement, clay, coarse sand, rice sand, melon seeds piece and remaining bentonite
According to the sequence of partial size from large to small, addition mixing, is made siccative, then by itself and the bentonite slurry, the adjusting liquid one by one
It mixes.
Preferably, the step B is further are as follows:
Non-ionic polyacrylamide is mixed in a heated condition with remaining water, polyethylene glycol is then added after the cooling period
Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant and polyether nonionic surfactant mix, adjusting liquid are made.
Preferably, the time of the extruding be for 24 hours more than.
To sum up, compared with prior art, invention achieves following technical effects:
(1) anti-inorganic salts performance is strong；
(2) water resistant permeability is strong；
(3) early strength is big；
(4) workability is strong；
(5) preparation method process is simple.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but ability
Field technique personnel will be understood that following described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments,
It is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
Art personnel every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Agents useful for same or instrument
Production firm person is not specified, is the conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
The embodiment of the present invention is matched based on following basic, i.e., a kind of plastic concrete of anti-inorganic salts, mainly by following
Ingredient mixes: by weight,
Cement: 150~210 parts,
Bentonite: 40~80 parts,
Clay: 75~105 parts,
Coarse sand: 398~513 parts,
Rice sand: 398~513 parts,
Melon seeds piece: 398~513 parts,
Polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant: 0.6~1 part,
Fluorocarbon surfactant: 0.1~2 part,
Polyether nonionic surfactant: 0.5~1.5 part,
Non-ionic polyacrylamide: 0.0002~0.02 part,
Water: 300~380 parts.
The plastic concrete improves plasticity coagulation by changing composition and the addition compound surfactant of aggregate
The anti-inorganic salts permeability of soil, and it is mixed using the synergistic effect improvement plasticity between aggregate, cementitious material and surfactant
Coagulate soil comprehensive performance, so that it is met the performance requirement of impervious purposes, early intensity, water permeability resistance, in terms of at least
Keep level identical with existing moulding concrete, even better than existing moulding concrete.
The above plastic concrete can also be further improved in proportion.
By weight, cement can use the value in following any range, such as 160~210 parts, preferably 160~200 parts, excellent
180~200 parts are selected, specifically, can use 160 parts, 170 parts, 180 parts, 190 parts, 200 parts, 210 parts etc..
By weight, bentonite can use the value in following any range, such as: 50~80 parts, preferably 50~70 parts, preferably
50~60 parts, specifically, it can use 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts, 70 parts, 75 parts etc..
By weight, clay can use the value in following any range, such as: 80~105 parts, preferably 80~100 parts, preferably
80~90 parts, specifically, it can use 80 parts, 85 parts, 90 parts, 95 parts, 100 parts, 105 parts etc..
By weight, coarse sand can use the value in following any range, such as: 450~513 parts, preferably 450~490 parts, excellent
450~480 parts are selected, specifically, can use 450 parts, 470 parts, 490 parts, 500 parts, 510 parts etc..
By weight, rice sand can use the value in following any range, such as: 450~513 parts, preferably 450~490 parts, excellent
450~480 parts are selected, specifically, can use 450 parts, 470 parts, 490 parts, 500 parts, 510 parts etc..
By weight, melon seeds piece can use the value in following any range, such as: 450~513 parts, preferably 450~490 parts,
It is preferred that 450~480 parts, specifically, it can use 450 parts, 470 parts, 490 parts, 500 parts, 510 parts etc..
By weight, polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant can use the value in following any range, such as: 0.7
~1 part, preferably 0.8~1 part specifically can use 0.7 part, 0.8 part, 0.9 part, 1 part etc..
By weight, fluorocarbon surfactant can use the value in following any range, such as: 0.3~2 part, preferably 0.5~
2 parts, preferably 0.5~1.5 part specifically can use 0.3 part, 0.5 part, 0.7 part, 0.9 part, 1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.7 parts
Deng.
By weight, polyether nonionic surfactant can use the value in following any range, such as: 0.8~1.5
Part, preferably 1~1.5 part, specifically, it can use 0.1 part, 0.3 part, 0.5 part, 0.7 part, 0.9 part, 1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.5 parts etc..
By weight, non-ionic polyacrylamide can use the value in following any range, such as: 0.0005~0.02
Part, preferably 0.005~0.02 part, preferably 0.005~0.01 part, specifically, can use 0.0007 part, 0.001 part, 0.003 part,
0.005 part, 0.01 part, 0.015 part, 0.02 part etc..
By weight, water can use the value in following any range, such as: 300~380 parts, specifically, 300 parts desirable,
310 parts, 320 parts, 330 parts, 340 parts, 350 parts, 360 parts, 370 parts etc..
Described cement selection portland cement etc., preferably 42.5 strength grade ordinary portland cement of label.
The bentonite is sodium bentonite, and granularity meets 400 mesh screen residues below 10%.
Preferably, the clay selects silty clay, and moisture content is 8% hereinafter, granularity meets 100 mesh screen residues 10%
Below.
Preferably, the coarse sand selects river sand, 0.5~3mm of partial size；
Preferably, the rice sand forms for mountain cobble is broken, 3~5mm of partial size.
Preferably, the melon seeds piece forms for mountain cobble is broken, 5~10mm of partial size.
Preferably, coarse sand: rice sand: the mass ratio of melon seeds piece is 1:1:1.
Preferably, the polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant is ether alcohol sulfate, preferred fat alcohol polyoxy second
Alkene ether sulphate, preferably C12~C14 fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, such as C12 alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, C13 alcohol
Polyoxyethylene ether sulfate or C14 alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.
Preferably, the fluorocarbon surfactant selects polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol in the polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant is
0.4k~2k.
Preferably, the fluorine carbon in the polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant is perfluor (2- methyl -3-
Oxa- hexyl) fluoride or perfluor -2,5- dimethyl -3,6- dioxy nonanoyl fluorine.
Preferably, the polyether nonionic surfactant is the addition product of the ethylene oxide of polypropylene glycol, middle ring
Oxirane group number is preferably 40~50, such as 42,44,45,47,49,50 etc..
When preparing the above plastic concrete, hybrid mode is arbitrary, and in order to briefly explain, following embodiment is adopted
With preferred preparation method, it may be assumed that
Step A: polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant and part water, part bentonite are mixed, are then allowed to stand
Bentonite slurry is made in extruding；
Step B: by non-ionic polyacrylamide and remaining water, polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluoro-carbon surface active
Agent, polyether nonionic surfactant mix, and adjusting liquid is made；
Step C: remaining raw material and the bentonite slurry, the adjusting liquid are mixed.
Wherein, water used in two step of the step A and step B can adjust according to actual needs；Preferably, step A institute
Water is the 90% of total Water, and water used and bentonite mass ratio used are 100:10~15, such as 100:11,
100:12,100:13,100:14,100:15 etc..
The step C is further are as follows: by cement, clay, coarse sand, rice sand, melon seeds piece and remaining bentonite according to partial size
Sequence from large to small, addition mixing, is made siccative one by one, then mixes it with the bentonite slurry, the adjusting liquid；Its
It is descending according to partial size, siccative is pre-mixed, the uniformity of material is improved, it is strong to be conducive to raising plastic concrete early stage
Degree.
Preferably, the step B is further are as follows:
Non-ionic polyacrylamide is mixed in a heated condition with remaining water, polyethylene glycol is then added after the cooling period
Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant and polyether nonionic surfactant mix, adjusting liquid are made；First by polypropylene
Amide is dissolved in the water, and can excite the formation of Mesh nodes in gel, is conducive to the molecule cohesiveness for improving plastic concrete.
Wherein, the temperature of heating is preferably 60~80 DEG C.
Preferably, the time of the extruding be for 24 hours more than.
In three steps, the mixing of every step needs to cooperate stirring.For example, can be in 3000r/min revolving speed in step A
Under, it is stirred 15min.
In step B 10min can be stirred under 200r/min revolving speed.
In step C, first siccative is mixed, mixed mode: gradually being added by partial size is descending, by melon seeds piece, rice sand,
Coarse sand, clay, cement, bentonite are admixed together, every to add a kind of 5~10min of material stirring, and mixed dry material is made.
In step A in the ionic surfactant of mixed polyoxyethylene and part water, part bentonite, Ke Yixian
Polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant is mixed with water, usually (20~40 DEG C) is mixed at normal temperature, then adds
Bentonite, in high-speed stirred.
Embodiment 1
In terms of every cube of plastic concrete, by 150kg cement (42.5 ordinary portland cement), 40kg sodium bentonite
(granularity meets 400 meshes below 10%), (moisture content is 8% hereinafter, granularity meets 100 mesh screen residues 10% for 75kg clay
Below), 513kg coarse sand (0.5~3mm), 513kg meter sand (3~5mm), 513kg melon seeds piece (5~10mm), 0.6kg alcohol ether sulphur
Hydrochlorate (sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol), 0.1kg polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant (wherein poly- second
Glycol molecular weight 1.8k, fluorine carbon are perfluor (2- methyl -3- oxa- hexyl) fluoride), the ethylene oxide of 0.5kg polypropylene glycol
Addition product (wherein Oxyranyle number is 45), 0.0002kg non-ionic polyacrylamide, 300kg water.According to the present invention
Plastic concrete is made in the preparation method.
Embodiment 2
In terms of every cube of plastic concrete, by 160kg cement (42.5 ordinary portland cement), 50kg sodium base bentonite
(model is with embodiment 1), 80kg clay (model is with embodiment 1), 487kg coarse sand (model is with embodiment 1), 487kg meters of sand (types
Number with embodiment 1), 487kg melon seeds piece (model is with embodiment 1), 0.7kg ether alcohol sulfate (model is with embodiment 1), 0.4kg
Polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant (model is with embodiment 1), the ethylene oxide of 0.7kg polypropylene glycol add
At object (model is with embodiment 1), 0.005kg non-ionic polyacrylamide, 320kg water.According to preparation method of the present invention
Plastic concrete is made.
Embodiment 3
In terms of every cube of plastic concrete, by 180kg cement (42.5 ordinary portland cement), 60kg sodium base bentonite
(model is with embodiment 1), 90kg clay (model is with embodiment 1), 465kg coarse sand (model is with embodiment 1), 465kg meters of sand (types
Number with embodiment 1), 465kg melon seeds piece (model is with embodiment 1), 0.8kg ether alcohol sulfate (model is with embodiment 1), 1kg is poly-
Ethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant (model is with embodiment 1), the addition product of the ethylene oxide of 1kg polypropylene glycol
(model is with embodiment 1), 0.01kg non-ionic polyacrylamide, 330kg water.Modeling is made according to preparation method of the present invention
Property concrete.
Embodiment 4
In terms of every cube of plastic concrete, by 200kg cement (42.5 ordinary portland cement), 72kg sodium base bentonite
(model is with embodiment 1), 100kg clay (model is with embodiment 1), 424kg coarse sand (model is with embodiment 1), 424kg meters of sand
(model is with embodiment 1), 424kg melon seeds piece (model is with embodiment 1), 0.9kg ether alcohol sulfate (model is with embodiment 1),
1.8kg polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant (model is with embodiment 1), the epoxy second of 1.3kg polypropylene glycol
The addition product (model is with embodiment 1) of alkane, 0.015kg non-ionic polyacrylamide, 360kg water.According to system of the present invention
Plastic concrete is made in Preparation Method.
Embodiment 5
In terms of every cube of plastic concrete, by 210kg cement (42.5 ordinary portland cement), 80kg sodium base bentonite
(model is with embodiment 1), 105kg clay (model is with embodiment 1), 398kg coarse sand (model is with embodiment 1), 398kg meters of sand
(model is with embodiment 1), 398kg melon seeds piece (model is with embodiment 1), 1kg ether alcohol sulfate (model is with embodiment 1), 2kg are poly-
Ethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant (model is with embodiment 1), the addition of the ethylene oxide of 1.5kg polypropylene glycol
Object (model is with embodiment 1), 0.02kg non-ionic polyacrylamide, 380kg water.It is made according to preparation method of the present invention
Plastic concrete.
The preparation method of the plastic concrete of all of above embodiment is equal are as follows:
(1) ether alcohol sulfate is uniformly mixed at 20~40 DEG C with the water of 90% weight, then the sodium base with water weight 11%
Bentonite is stirred 15min under 3000r/min revolving speed, is then allowed to stand extruding for 24 hours, bentonite slurry is made.
(2) non-ionic polyacrylamide is uniformly mixed at 60~80 DEG C with the water of 10% weight, is cooled to 20~40
DEG C, then successively mixed with the addition product of polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant, the ethylene oxide of polypropylene glycol,
Under 200r/min revolving speed, it is stirred 10min, adjusting liquid is made.
(3) it is gradually added by partial size is descending, melon seeds piece, rice sand, coarse sand, clay, cement, bentonite is mixed into one
It rises, it is every to add a kind of 5~10min of material stirring, mixed dry material is made.
(4) mixed dry material is first uniformly mixed with adjusting liquid, then be uniformly mixed with bentonite slurry to get the anti-of anti-inorganic salts
Infiltration plastic concrete.
Comparative example 1
Blank example
Every cube of plastic concrete meter, 180kg cement (42.5 ordinary portland cement), 60kg sodium base bentonite (model
With embodiment 1), 90kg clay (model is with embodiment 1), 465kg coarse sand (model is with embodiment 1), (model is same for 465kg meters of sand
Embodiment 1), 465kg melon seeds piece, 330kg water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: water is added into bentonite, static extruding for 24 hours, by clay, coarse sand, rice sand, melon seeds piece and cement
By partial size it is descending sequence mixing, then by its with after extruding bentonite and water, other raw materials mix, in 3000r/
Under min revolving speed, it is stirred 15min.
The performance of gained plastic concrete is as shown in table 1 below above.
Table 1
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of plastic concrete of anti-inorganic salts, which is characterized in that mainly mixed by following component: by weight,
Cement: 150~210 parts,
Bentonite: 40~80 parts,
Clay: 75~105 parts,
Coarse sand: 398~513 parts,
Rice sand: 398~513 parts,
Melon seeds piece: 398~513 parts,
Polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant: 0.6~1 part,
Fluorocarbon surfactant: 0.1~2 part,
Polyether nonionic surfactant: 0.5~1.5 part,
Non-ionic polyacrylamide: 0.0002~0.02 part,
Water: 300~380 parts.
2. the plastic concrete of anti-inorganic salts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by weight,
Cement: 160~210 parts, preferably 160~200 parts, preferably 180~200 parts,
Bentonite: 50~80 parts, preferably 50~70 parts, preferably 60~80 parts,
Clay: 80~105 parts, preferably 80~100 parts, preferably 90~105 parts,
Coarse sand: 450~513 parts, preferably 450~490 parts, preferably 450~480 parts,
Rice sand: 450~513 parts, preferably 450~490 parts, preferably 450~480 parts,
Melon seeds piece: 450~513 parts, preferably 450~490 parts, preferably 450~480 parts,
Polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant: 0.7~1 part, preferably 0.8~1 part,
Fluorocarbon surfactant: 0.3~2 part, preferably 0.5~2 part, preferably 0.5~1.5 part,
Polyether nonionic surfactant: 0.8~1.5 part, preferably 1~1.5 part,
Non-ionic polyacrylamide: 0.0005~0.02 part, preferably 0.005~0.02 part, preferably 0.005~0.01 part,
Water: 300~380 parts.
3. the plastic concrete of anti-inorganic salts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cement is label the last 42.5
Spend grade ordinary portland cement；
Preferably, the bentonite is sodium bentonite, and granularity meets 400 mesh screen residues below 10%；
Preferably, the clay selects silty clay, moisture content 8% hereinafter, granularity meet 100 mesh screen residues 10% with
Under；
Preferably, the coarse sand selects river sand, 0.5~3mm of partial size；
Preferably, the rice sand forms for mountain cobble is broken, 3~5mm of partial size；
Preferably, the melon seeds piece 5~10mm of partial size, preferably mountain cobble are broken to be formed.
4. the plastic concrete of anti-inorganic salts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that coarse sand: rice sand: the matter of melon seeds piece
Amount is than being 1:1:1.
5. the plastic concrete of anti-inorganic salts according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the polyoxyethylene
The ionic surfactant of change is ether alcohol sulfate, preferred fat alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, preferably C12~C14 fat
Alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate.
6. the plastic concrete of anti-inorganic salts according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the fluorocarbon surface
Activating agent selects polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant；
Preferably, the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol in the polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant be 0.4k~
2k；
Preferably, the fluorine carbon in the polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant is perfluor (2- methyl -3- oxa-
Hexyl) fluoride or perfluor -2,5- dimethyl -3,6- dioxy nonanoyl fluorine.
7. the plastic concrete of anti-inorganic salts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the polyether-type nonionic surface
Activating agent is the addition product of the ethylene oxide of polypropylene glycol, and wherein Oxyranyle number is preferably 40~50.
8. the preparation method of the plastic concrete of the described in any item anti-inorganic salts of claim 1-7, which is characterized in that including under
Column step:
Step A: polyoxyethylated ionic surfactant and part water, part bentonite being mixed, extruding is then allowed to stand,
Bentonite slurry is made；
Step B: by non-ionic polyacrylamide and remaining water, polyethylene glycol Hydrophilic nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant, gather
Ether type nonionic surfactant mixes, and adjusting liquid is made；
Step C: remaining raw material and the bentonite slurry, the adjusting liquid are mixed.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the step A, water used is total Water
90%, water used and bentonite mass ratio used are 100:10~15.
10. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the step C is further are as follows: by cement, clay,
The sequence of coarse sand, rice sand, melon seeds piece and remaining bentonite according to partial size from large to small, addition mixing, is made siccative, so one by one
It is mixed with the bentonite slurry, the adjusting liquid afterwards；
Preferably, the step B is further are as follows:
Non-ionic polyacrylamide is mixed in a heated condition with remaining water, it is hydrophilic that polyethylene glycol is then added after the cooling period
Property non-ion fluorin carbon surface active agent and polyether nonionic surfactant, mix, adjusting liquid be made；
Preferably, the time of the extruding be for 24 hours more than.
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