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CN109009224A - Subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument based on ultrasound - Google Patents

Subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument based on ultrasound Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109009224A
CN109009224A CN201810739763.6A CN201810739763A CN109009224A CN 109009224 A CN109009224 A CN 109009224A CN 201810739763 A CN201810739763 A CN 201810739763A CN 109009224 A CN109009224 A CN 109009224A
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subcutaneous fat
main control
ultrasonic
fat thickness
control module
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郝冬梅
李帅
张超
杨琳
张松
杨益民
李旭雯
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Beijing University of Technology
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/08—Clinical applications
    • A61B8/0858—Clinical applications involving measuring tissue layers, e.g. skin, interfaces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B8/5223—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
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Abstract

基于超声的皮下脂肪厚度测量仪，属于脂肪厚度测量仪器领域。单片机作为主控模块发出脉冲串，输入高压激励电路，高压激励电路输出≥30V时，驱动超声探头发射端发出超声波，同时单片机定时器开始计时；超声波穿过皮肤、皮下脂肪组织，在皮下脂肪层和肌肉层的交界处产生反射回波，被超声探头接收端接收，经放大电路放大后输入至主控模块，触发单片机产生中断并计时；根据发射超声和超声回波的时间间隔及超声在脂肪组织中的传播速度，或者根据时间间隔与皮下脂肪厚度间的拟合方程，计算皮下脂肪厚度；皮下脂肪厚度可以直接在显示模块即显示仪器上显示，也可以通过蓝牙模块上传至手机。可以方便、快捷、无创测量身体任意部位的皮下脂肪厚度。

An ultrasonic-based subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument belongs to the field of fat thickness measuring instruments. The single-chip microcomputer as the main control module sends out pulse trains, and inputs the high-voltage excitation circuit. When the high-voltage excitation circuit outputs ≥ 30V, it drives the transmitter of the ultrasonic probe to emit ultrasonic waves, and the single-chip microcomputer timer starts timing at the same time; the ultrasonic waves pass through the skin and subcutaneous fat tissue. The reflected echo is generated at the junction with the muscle layer, received by the receiving end of the ultrasonic probe, amplified by the amplifier circuit, and then input to the main control module, which triggers the single-chip microcomputer to generate an interruption and timing; The propagation speed in the tissue, or the subcutaneous fat thickness can be calculated according to the fitting equation between the time interval and the subcutaneous fat thickness; the subcutaneous fat thickness can be directly displayed on the display module, that is, the display instrument, or uploaded to the mobile phone through the Bluetooth module. It can conveniently, quickly and non-invasively measure the thickness of subcutaneous fat in any part of the body.

Description

Subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument based on ultrasound
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of instruments using ultrasonic measurement human body subcutaneous fat thickness, belong to fat thickness measurement instrument Device field.
Background technique
With the progress of society and the improvement of people's living standards, fat and its caused disease is increasingly by people's weight It often occurs together a variety of chronic diseases such as diabetes, fatty liver, blood fat disorder, hypertension, coronary heart disease depending on, obesity, is to seriously affect One of health of people and the disease of quality of life, it has also become the serious public health problem that countries in the world face.At home, traditional Dietary structure change, fat or Overweight people ratio constantly rises, and population problem of obesity is got worse.
Subcutaneous fat accounts for the 40-60% of the total fat of body, thus detects subcutaneous fat thickness and can reflect body parts Fat Distribution.Human body measurement technology can be used for measuring weight, constitutional index (BMI), skinfold and girth.Skin wrinkle meter is A method of cheap, noninvasively estimating subcutaneous fat thickness.But it is difficult to determine point of fat and muscle when being measured with Skin wrinkle meter Interface, and have feeling of pain.Bio-electrical impedance measuring method is influenced more apparent by internal water content.Near infrared light mensuration letter It is single, easy to operate, but since near infrared light penetration capacity is limited, for thicker subcutaneous fat, its accuracy of measurement needs to be mentioned It is high.
Clinically, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), Dual energy X ray absorptiometry (DEXA), Ultrasonic imaging technique can more accurately measure adipose tissue thickness, but equipment volume is larger, expensive.Operator needs To pass through professional training.CT and DEXA method is also by the harm of ray.
CN104068896 patent proposes a kind of right triangle three and receives ultrasonic subcutaneous fat measuring device, belongs to multiple spot Receive measurement of the ultrasonic device to human body subcutaneous fat.Based on an arc shell, by issuing one at right angled triangle mass center The ultrasonic wave of a 9.3MHz, three vertex of right angled triangle receive transmitting echo-signal respectively, transfer signals to signal electricity Differentiation processing is carried out on the plate of road, obtains the subcutaneous fat thickness at mass center.
Based on background above technology, the present invention devises the subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument based on A-mode ultrasonic wave, equipment body Product is small, can be portable.Can be convenient, fast, the subcutaneous fat thickness of non-invasive measurement body any part.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of existing fats measurement technology, the present invention provides a kind of using ultrasonic measurement subcutaneous fat thickness Instrument can measure the subcutaneous fat thickness of body any part, may further can describe or record body by designing program Body subcutaneous fat distribution map and trend chart.
A kind of ultrasound subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument, which is characterized in that including host, ultrasonic probe and mobile phone；Host packet Include main control module, high pressure activation circuit, amplifying circuit, display module, bluetooth module, power module and computing unit；Ultrasound is visited Head includes transmitting terminal and receiving end；Main control module respectively with bluetooth module, high pressure activation circuit, amplifying circuit, computing unit, aobvious Show that module connects；High pressure activation circuit connection ultrasonic probe transmitting terminal, amplifying circuit connect ultrasonic probe receiving end；Mobile phone passes through Bluetooth module is connect with main control module；
Single-chip microcontroller issues train of pulse as main control module, high pressure activation circuit is inputted, to the capacitor in high pressure activation circuit It charges, when high pressure activation circuit output >=30V, driving ultrasonic probe transmitting terminal issues ultrasonic wave, while single-chip microcontroller timing Device starts timing；Ultrasonic wave passes through skin, subcutaneus adipose tissue, is reflected back in the generation of the intersection of subcutaneous layer of fat and muscle layer Wave is received by ultrasonic probe receiving end, and main control module is input to after amplifying circuit amplifies, and triggering single-chip microcontroller, which generates, to be interrupted and count When；According to the spread speed of transmitting ultrasound and the time interval and ultrasound of ultrasonic echo in adipose tissue, or according to the time Fit equation between interval and subcutaneous fat thickness calculates subcutaneous fat thickness；Subcutaneous fat thickness can be directly in display mould It is shown on block, that is, display instrument, mobile phone can also be uploaded to by bluetooth module；It can calculate and can remember using application software in mobile phone Record or description display whole body multiple location subcutaneous fat distribution map, while can also show parts of body subcutaneous fat thickness with The variation tendency of time.
Main control module issues N number of train of pulse, impulse-train pause >=1ms, and each train of pulse continues >=1ms.Wherein N >=3. Record the launch time TS of each train of pulse1,TS2,……TSN.；High pressure activation circuit output signal amplitude >=30V；Ultrasound is returned Wave signal output signal amplitude >=3V after amplifying circuit can trigger main control module and generate interruption, and record interrupts generation time TR1,TR2,……TRN；
In computing unit, time interval is calculated, sees formula (1)；
ΔTi=TRi-TSi, i=1,2 ... N (1)
If meeting condition (2)
ΔTmax-ΔTmin<th (2)
Wherein, Δ Tmax,ΔTminRespectively indicate each Δ TiMaximum value and minimum value in (i=1,2 ... N), th Indicate threshold value, th >=0；
Then average time interval is calculated according to formula (3)
Subcutaneous fat thickness is calculated according to formula (4)
Wherein, v indicates spread speed of the ultrasound in fat, and value is between 900-1500m/s.
If being unsatisfactory for condition (2), main control unit re-emits N number of train of pulse, until meeting condition (2).
Or in computing unit, subcutaneous fat thickness can be calculated according to formula (5)
D=a × Δ Tavg+b (5)
Wherein a, b respectively indicate the slope and intercept according to subcutaneous fat thickness D and average time interval institute fitting a straight line； A >=0, b >=0.
The invention has the advantages that can be convenient, fast, the subcutaneous fat thickness of non-invasive measurement body any part, Show measurement result, the distribution of whole body subcutaneous fat and variation tendency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is composition block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is transmitting train of pulse of the invention；
Fig. 3 is invention software flow chart；
Fig. 4 is figure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, and single the present invention is not limited to following implementations
Embodiment 1
A kind of ultrasound subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument, which is characterized in that including host, ultrasonic probe and mobile phone；Host packet Include main control module, high pressure activation circuit, amplifying circuit, display module, bluetooth module, power module and computing unit；Ultrasound is visited Head includes transmitting terminal and receiving end；Main control module respectively with bluetooth module, high pressure activation circuit, amplifying circuit, computing unit, aobvious Show that module connects；High pressure activation circuit connection ultrasonic probe transmitting terminal, amplifying circuit connect ultrasonic probe receiving end；Mobile phone passes through Bluetooth module is connect with main control module；
Single-chip microcontroller issues train of pulse as main control module, high pressure activation circuit is inputted, to the capacitor in high pressure activation circuit It charges, when high pressure activation circuit output >=30V, driving ultrasonic probe transmitting terminal issues ultrasonic wave, while single-chip microcontroller timing Device starts timing；Ultrasonic wave passes through skin, subcutaneus adipose tissue, is reflected back in the generation of the intersection of subcutaneous layer of fat and muscle layer Wave is received by ultrasonic probe receiving end, and main control module is input to after amplifying circuit amplifies, and triggering single-chip microcontroller, which generates, to be interrupted and count When；According to the spread speed of transmitting ultrasound and the time interval and ultrasound of ultrasonic echo in adipose tissue, or according to the time Fit equation between interval and subcutaneous fat thickness calculates subcutaneous fat thickness；Subcutaneous fat thickness can be directly in display mould It is shown on block, that is, display instrument, mobile phone can also be uploaded to by bluetooth module；It can calculate and can remember using application software in mobile phone Record or description display whole body multiple location subcutaneous fat distribution map, while can also show parts of body subcutaneous fat thickness with The variation tendency of time.
Main control module issues N number of train of pulse, impulse-train pause >=1ms, and each train of pulse continues >=1ms.Wherein N >=3. Record the launch time TS of each train of pulse1,TS2,……TSN.；High pressure activation circuit output signal amplitude >=30V；Ultrasound is returned Wave signal output signal amplitude >=3V after amplifying circuit can trigger main control module and generate interruption, and record interrupts generation time TR1,TR2,……TRN；
In computing unit, time interval is calculated, sees formula (1)；
ΔTi=TRi-TSi, i=1,2 ... N (1)
If meeting condition (2)
ΔTmax-ΔTmin<th (2)
Wherein, Δ Tmax,ΔTminRespectively indicate each Δ TiMaximum value and minimum value in (i=1,2 ... N), th Indicate threshold value, th >=0；
Then average time interval is calculated according to formula (3)
Subcutaneous fat thickness is calculated according to formula (4)
Wherein, v indicates spread speed of the ultrasound in fat, and value is between 900-1500m/s.
If being unsatisfactory for condition (2), main control unit re-emits N number of train of pulse, until meeting condition (2).
Or in computing unit, subcutaneous fat thickness can be calculated according to formula (5)
D=a × Δ Tavg+b (5)
Wherein a, b respectively indicate the slope and intercept according to subcutaneous fat thickness D and average time interval institute fitting a straight line； A >=0, b >=0.
Fig. 4 is by the linear graph to vernier caliper measurement thickness and present invention measurement thickness fitting, in vitro fatty group It knits and is measured respectively using vernier caliper and the present invention, referring to a=0.9678 in formula 5, b=1.4624 related coefficient is 0.9926。

Claims (4)

1.一种超声皮下脂肪厚度测量仪，其特征在于，包括主机、超声探头和手机；主机包括主控模块、高压激励电路、放大电路、显示模块、蓝牙模块、电源模块和计算单元；超声探头包括发射端和接收端；主控模块分别与蓝牙模块、高压激励电路、放大电路、计算单元、显示模块连接；高压激励电路连接超声探头发射端，放大电路连接超声探头接收端；手机通过蓝牙模块与主控模块连接；1. An ultrasonic subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument is characterized in that it comprises a host, an ultrasonic probe and a mobile phone; the host includes a main control module, a high-voltage excitation circuit, an amplifying circuit, a display module, a bluetooth module, a power supply module and a computing unit; the ultrasonic probe Including the transmitter and receiver; the main control module is connected to the Bluetooth module, high-voltage excitation circuit, amplifier circuit, computing unit, and display module; the high-voltage excitation circuit is connected to the transmitter of the ultrasonic probe, and the amplifier circuit is connected to the receiver of the ultrasonic probe; Connect with the main control module; 单片机作为主控模块发出脉冲串，输入高压激励电路，对高压激励电路中的电容进行充电，高压激励电路输出≥30V时，驱动超声探头发射端发出超声波，同时单片机定时器开始计时；超声波穿过皮肤、皮下脂肪组织，在皮下脂肪层和肌肉层的交界处产生反射回波，被超声探头接收端接收，经放大电路放大后输入至主控模块，触发单片机产生中断并计时；根据发射超声和超声回波的时间间隔及超声在脂肪组织中的传播速度，或者根据时间间隔与皮下脂肪厚度间的拟合方程，计算皮下脂肪厚度；皮下脂肪厚度可以直接在显示模块即显示仪器上显示，也可以通过蓝牙模块上传至手机。The single-chip microcomputer as the main control module sends out pulse trains, inputs the high-voltage excitation circuit, and charges the capacitor in the high-voltage excitation circuit. When the high-voltage excitation circuit outputs ≥ 30V, it drives the transmitter of the ultrasonic probe to emit ultrasonic waves, and the single-chip timer starts timing at the same time; The skin and subcutaneous fat tissue generate reflected echoes at the junction of the subcutaneous fat layer and the muscle layer, which are received by the receiving end of the ultrasonic probe, amplified by the amplifier circuit, and then input to the main control module, which triggers the microcontroller to generate an interruption and timing; according to the transmitted ultrasound and The time interval of ultrasonic echoes and the propagation speed of ultrasound in fat tissue, or according to the fitting equation between the time interval and the thickness of subcutaneous fat, calculate the thickness of subcutaneous fat; the thickness of subcutaneous fat can be directly displayed on the display module, that is, the display instrument, or It can be uploaded to the mobile phone through the Bluetooth module. 2.按照权利要求1所述的一种超声皮下脂肪厚度测量仪，其特征在于，在手机上采用应用软件可计算可记录或描述显示全身多部位的皮下脂肪分布图，同时也可以显示身体各部位皮下脂肪厚度随时间的变化趋势。2. A kind of ultrasonic subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, the application software can be used on the mobile phone to calculate, record or describe the distribution of subcutaneous fat in multiple parts of the whole body, and can also display the distribution of various parts of the body at the same time. The trend of subcutaneous fat thickness over time. 3.按照权利要求1所述的一种超声皮下脂肪厚度测量仪，其特征在于，主控模块发出N个脉冲串，脉冲串间隔≥1ms，每个脉冲串持续≥1ms；其中N≥3；记录每个脉冲串的发射时间TS1,TS2,……TSN。；高压激励电路输出信号幅值≥30V；超声回波信号经过放大电路后输出信号幅值≥3V，能触发主控模块产生中断，记录中断产生时间TR1,TR2,……TRN；3. The ultrasonic subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the main control module sends N pulse trains, the pulse train interval is ≥ 1 ms, and each pulse train lasts ≥ 1 ms; wherein N ≥ 3; Record the transmission time TS 1 , TS 2 , ... T N of each burst. ;The output signal amplitude of the high-voltage excitation circuit is ≥30V; the output signal amplitude of the ultrasonic echo signal after passing through the amplifier circuit is ≥3V, which can trigger the main control module to generate an interruption, and record the interruption generation time TR 1 , TR 2 ,...TR N ; 在计算单元中，计算时间间隔，见公式(1)；In the calculation unit, calculate the time interval, see formula (1); ΔTi＝TRi-TSi,i＝1,2,…N (1)ΔT i =TR i -TS i , i=1,2,...N (1) 若满足条件(2)If condition (2) is met ΔTmax-ΔTmin<th (2)ΔT max -ΔT min <th (2) 其中，ΔTmax,ΔTmin分别表示每一个ΔTi(i＝1,2,…N)中的最大值和最小值，th表示阈值，th≥0；则根据公式(3)计算平均时间间隔Among them, ΔT max , ΔT min represent the maximum value and minimum value in each ΔT i (i=1,2,...N), respectively, th represents the threshold value, th≥0; the average time interval is calculated according to formula (3) 根据公式(4)计算皮下脂肪厚度Calculate the subcutaneous fat thickness according to formula (4) 其中，v表示超声在脂肪中的传播速度，取值在900-1500m/s之间。Among them, v represents the propagation velocity of ultrasound in fat, and the value is between 900-1500m/s. 若不满足条件(2)，则主控单元重新发射N个脉冲串，直到满足条件(2)；If the condition (2) is not satisfied, the main control unit re-transmits N bursts until the condition (2) is satisfied; 或者在计算单元中，按照公式(5)计算皮下脂肪厚度Or in the calculation unit, calculate the subcutaneous fat thickness according to formula (5) D＝a×ΔTavg+b (5)D＝a×ΔT avg +b (5) 其中a,b分别表示根据皮下脂肪厚度D和平均时间间隔ΔTavg所拟合直线的斜率和截距；Where a and b represent the slope and intercept of the straight line fitted according to the subcutaneous fat thickness D and the average time interval ΔT avg , respectively; a≥0，b≥0。a≥0, b≥0. 4.按照权利要求1所述的一种超声皮下脂肪厚度测量仪，其特征在于，主控模块采用STM32单片机。4. according to a kind of ultrasonic subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, main control module adopts STM32 single-chip microcomputer.
CN201810739763.6A 2018-07-06 2018-07-06 Subcutaneous fat thickness measuring instrument based on ultrasound Pending CN109009224A (en)

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CN112617901A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-09 居天智慧(深圳)有限公司 Fat thickness automatic measuring ultrasonic instrument
CN113865528A (en) * 2021-09-24 2021-12-31 天津理工大学 A portable pork backfat measuring instrument and system

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