CN109006811A - 一种草甘膦和麦草畏组合的油悬浮除草剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种草甘膦和麦草畏组合的油悬浮除草剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种草甘膦和麦草畏组合的油悬浮除草剂及其制备方法。按重量百分比计：含有草甘膦原药1～30%、麦草畏原药0.5%～10%、1%~5%流变剂、表面活性剂1%～30%、油性物质1%～50%。本发明所述的制剂配方中含有润湿、渗透、扩散剂等表面活性剂及植物源油酯，可大幅度提高草甘膦对抗性杂草的防除效果，解决由于长时间大量单一连续使用草甘膦，杂草的抗性突出，对抗性杂草的防效大幅下降的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体涉及解决草甘膦对抗性杂草如通泉草、鸭跖草、黄鹌菜、马齿苋、鼠曲草、铁苋菜、苣荬菜防效差的问题。
背景技术
由于长时间大量单一连续使用草甘膦，杂草的抗性问题已经非常突出。目前世界上公认的草甘膦抗性杂草有长芒苋、具瘤苋、芒稷、两耳草、牛筋草、小飞蓬、野塘蒿、豚草、三裂叶豚草、瑞士黑麦草、多花黑麦草、长叶车前、猩猩草、假高梁、类黍尾稃草。我国草甘膦抗性杂草主要有问荆（节节草）、李氏禾（游草）、田旋花、刺耳菜、小飞蓬、竹叶草、黄鹌菜、通泉草、鸭跖草、马齿苋，等等。不同植物对草甘膦的敏感性不同，一年生杂草如稗、狗尾草、看麦娘、牛筋草、卷耳、马唐、藜、繁缕、猪殃殃等每亩用有效成分40～70克就能有效防除；车前草、小飞蓬、鸭跖草、双穗雀稗等杂草，每亩需用有效成分75～100克；白茅、芦苇、香附子、水蓼、狗牙根、蛇莓、刺儿菜、野葱等，每亩需用有效成分120～200克。百合科、豆科和旋花科植物虽然对草甘膦的耐药性较强，但适当加大剂量也能有效防除。但是有一些杂草对草甘膦的耐药能力强，单一使用草甘膦不能有效防除，这些杂草包括通泉草、鸭跖草、黄鹌菜、马齿苋、鼠曲草、铁苋菜、苣荬菜等等，对这些杂草的防除都是亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决上述技术问题，具体涉及解决草甘膦对抗性杂草如通泉草、鸭跖草、黄鹌菜、马齿苋、鼠曲草、铁苋菜、苣荬菜等防效差的问题。
为此本发采用的技术方案是：一种草甘膦和麦草畏组合的油悬浮除草剂，含有草甘膦原药1%～30%、麦草畏原药0.5%～10%、1%~5%流变剂、表面活性剂1%～30%、油性物质1%～50%。
优选地 ，本发明所述的一种草甘膦和麦草畏组合的油悬浮除草剂，按比例计算，麦草畏原药与草甘膦原药的两者的最佳比例1：3~1：6。
优选地，所述表面活性剂为：磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐（快速渗透剂T），脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AEO）、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、环氧乙烷环氧丙烷嵌段基醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、山梨醇聚氧乙烯醚、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚（BY）中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述的油性物质选自大豆油、菜籽油、棕榈油、甲酯化大豆油、甲酯化菜籽油、油酸甲酯、甲酯化棕榈油、蓖麻油、棉籽油、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、月桂酸异丙酯、松子基植物油中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述的流变剂物质选自无机硅酸镁铝、有机硅酸镁铝，有机膨润土，凹凸棒土，羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、气相法白炭黑，沉降法白炭黑中的一种或几种。
本发明提供一种除草剂草甘膦和麦草畏组分的油悬浮剂剂制备方法，包含以下步骤：
步骤（1），将1%～30%所述的草甘膦原药与0.5%~10%的麦草畏原药、1%~30%的表面活性剂和1%~5%的流变剂溶解分散在1%~50%的油性物质中，经低速搅拌形成粒径分布在100~2000微米左右的悬浊液。
步骤（2），将步骤（1）所得到的悬浊液经过高速剪切，胶体磨粗研磨，得到粒子粒径分布在10~100微米左右的粗分散油悬浮剂液，然后将此粗悬浮液采用卧式湿法砂磨的方式反复砂磨至粒径达到1~3微米为止，得到最终的均匀的粘稠草甘膦.麦草畏油悬浮剂产品。
本发明的有益效果是：草甘膦是目前使用量最大的除草剂之一。由于草甘膦单剂的长期、大量使用，导致杂草的抗药性逐年增强，特别是部分阔叶杂草对草甘膦产生了比较严重的抗性，防治效果在逐年下降；草甘膦在低温15℃以下的使用效果不理想等，导致其市场寿命受到一定的影响。草甘膦与不同作用机理的除草剂复配成为目前草甘膦行业的一大发展方向。麦草畏属于芳香安息酸类除草剂，对阔叶杂草的防治效果比草甘膦好，可以有效的防除马齿苋、鼠曲草、铁苋菜、苣荬菜等对草甘膦产生严重抗性的阔叶杂草，将二者进行复配后，可以大幅度的提高草甘膦对阔叶杂草的防治效果，减少用药量与用药次数，提高防除效果，节省用药成本。
制剂配方中含有的表面活性剂具有很强的润湿渗透性，可以快速的溶解掉杂草叶片的蜡质层，使药物更容易透过叶片表面进而渗透吸收进入杂草体内发挥作用。杂草在低温条件干燥的条件下，出于自身的保护机制，会增加杂草叶片的蜡质层厚度，减少叶片气孔的开合度与数量，减少与外界的水汽交换频率，从而减少自身水分的蒸腾与流失，而这种保护机制也同时阻碍了杂草叶片对除草剂的吸收量，导致在相同剂量的使用量下，北方低温地区效果要远差于南方高温地区。加入润湿渗透剂等表面活性剂后，这些表面活性剂可以快速的溶解掉杂草叶片的疏水性蜡质层，促进杂草叶片气孔的重新部分开放，加快水汽交换的频率，从而可以促进草铵膦和乙羧氟草醚在杂草叶片的渗透和吸收。
制剂的加工剂型为油悬浮剂，采用植物源溶剂油作为稀释剂，与普通的草甘膦水剂或麦草畏水剂或部分以矿物源溶剂油作为稀释剂的剂型相比，油属于非极性溶剂，与杂草表面的亲和度要比极性溶剂的水大得多得多，与普通芳烃矿物源溶剂油成分相比，因植物源溶剂油来源于植物自身，植物源溶剂油与杂草等植物的亲和度比矿物源溶剂油更高，更易被杂草植物吸收，而且植物源溶剂油的沸点比普通芳烃矿物源溶剂油的沸点更高，在空气中的挥发速度比矿物源溶剂油慢，可使杂草表面长时间保持湿润状态，延长杂草对除草剂草甘膦和麦草畏药物的吸收时间，增加吸收量，从而保证杂草能吸收到足够致死量的除草剂有效成分，克服现在市场上普遍因低温湿度低，空气干燥导致药液喷洒到杂草叶片上后快速挥发，原药有效成分很快成固体结晶析出，导致杂草对有效成分的吸收大幅度减少而导致除草效果很差，杂草死后又复活的情况发生。可以使草甘膦和麦草畏有效成分在喷洒到杂草叶面后能较长时间的保持液态，延加杂草吸收除草剂的时间，从而保证杂草能够吸收到足够致死剂量的除草剂，克服现有市场上的产品在低温条件下使用效果很差的行业难题。
具体实施方式
为了加深对本发明的理解，下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详述，这些实施例仅用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1：
步骤(1),将10%所述的草甘膦原药1.0%的麦草畏原药、5%磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐（快速渗透剂T），6%十二烷基苯磺酸钙、12%脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AEO-5）、7%蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚（EL-10）表面活性剂和2%无机硅酸镁铝溶解分散在5%大豆油、菜籽油、8%棕榈油、12%油酸甲酯、甲酯化棕榈油、20%肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、12%松子基植物油中经低度搅拌形成粒径分布在100~2000微米左右的悬浊液。
步骤（2），将步骤（1）所得到的悬浊液经过高速剪切，胶体磨粗研磨，得到粒子粒径分布在10~100微米左右的粗分散油悬浮剂液，然后将此粗悬浮液采用卧式湿法砂磨的方式反复砂磨至粒径达到1~3微米为止，得到最终的均匀的粘稠的 11%草甘膦.麦草畏油悬浮剂产品。
实施例2：
步骤(1),将15%所述的草甘膦原药2.0%的麦草畏原药、5%磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐（快速渗透剂T），7%十二烷基苯磺酸钙、10%脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AEO-5）、8%蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚（EL-10）表面活性剂和1%无机硅酸镁铝、1%气相白炭黑溶解分散在6%菜籽油、8%甲酯化棕榈油、10%油酸甲酯、15%肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、14%松子基植物油中经低度搅拌形成粒径分布在100~2000微米左右的悬浊液。
步骤（2），将步骤（1）所得到的悬浊液经过高速剪切，胶体磨粗研磨，得到粒子粒径分布在10~100微米左右的粗分散油悬浮剂液，然后将此粗悬浮液采用卧式湿法砂磨的方式反复砂磨至粒径达到1~3微米为止，得到最终的均匀的粘稠的 17%草甘膦.麦草畏油悬浮剂产品。
实施例3：
步骤(1),将17%所述的草甘膦原药3.0%的麦草畏原药、5%磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐（快速渗透剂T），8%十二烷基苯磺酸钙、10%脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AEO-5）、7%蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚（EL-10）表面活性剂和1%有机硅酸镁铝、1%水合白炭黑溶解分散在6%大豆油、8%月桂酸异丙酯、10%油酸甲酯、15%肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、9%松子基植物油中经低度搅拌形成粒径分布在100~2000微米左右的悬浊液。
步骤（2），将步骤（1）所得到的悬浊液经过高速剪切，胶体磨粗研磨，得到粒子粒径分布在10~100微米左右的粗分散油悬浮剂液，然后将此粗悬浮液采用卧式湿法砂磨的方式反复砂磨至粒径达到1~3微米为止，得到最终的均匀的粘稠的 20%草甘膦.麦草畏油悬浮剂产品。
实施例4：
步骤(1),将20%所述的草甘膦原药4.0%的麦草畏原药、5%辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚，8%十二烷基苯磺酸钙、10%脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AEO-5）、7%蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚（EL-10）表面活性剂和2.0%凹凸棒土，1.0%羧甲基纤维素溶解分散在6%蓖麻油、8%月桂酸异丙酯、10%油酸甲酯、14%棉籽油、5%松子基植物油中经低度搅拌形成粒径分布在100~2000微米左右的悬浊液。
步骤（2），将步骤（1）所得到的悬浊液经过高速剪切，胶体磨粗研磨，得到粒子粒径分布在10~100微米左右的粗分散油悬浮剂液，然后将此粗悬浮液采用卧式湿法砂磨的方式反复砂磨至粒径达到1~3微米为止，得到最终的均匀的粘稠的 24%草甘膦.麦草畏油悬浮剂产品。
实施例5：
步骤(1),将30%所述的草甘膦原药6.0%的麦草畏原药、5%辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚，8%十二烷基苯磺酸钙、10%脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AEO-5）、7%蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚（EL-10）表面活性剂和1%凹凸棒土、1%羟丙基纤维素，溶解分散在4%蓖麻油、8%月桂酸异丙酯、4%油酸甲酯、6%肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、10%棉籽油中经低度搅拌形成粒径分布在100~2000微米左右的悬浊液。
步骤（2），将步骤（1）所得到的悬浊液经过高速剪切，胶体磨粗研磨，得到粒子粒径分布在10~100微米左右的粗分散油悬浮剂液，然后将此粗悬浮液采用卧式湿法砂磨的方式反复砂磨至粒径达到1~3微米为止，得到最终的均匀的粘稠的 36%草甘膦.麦草畏油悬浮剂产品。
Claims (5)
1.一种草甘膦和麦草畏组合的油悬浮除草剂，其特征在于，按重量百分比计：含有草甘膦原药1～30%、麦草畏原药0.5%～10%、1%~5%流变剂、表面活性剂1%～30%、油性物质1%～50%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的草甘膦和麦草畏组合的油悬浮除草剂，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂为：磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐（快速渗透剂T），脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AEO系类）、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、环氧乙烷环氧丙烷嵌段基醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、山梨醇聚氧乙烯醚、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚（EL系类）中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的草甘膦和麦草畏组合的油悬浮除草剂，其特征在于，所述的油性物质选自大豆油、菜籽油、棕榈油、甲酯化大豆油、甲酯化菜籽油、油酸甲酯、甲酯化棕榈油、蓖麻油、棉籽油、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、月桂酸异丙酯、松子基植物油中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的草甘膦和麦草畏组合的油悬浮除草剂，其特征在于，所述的流变剂物质选自无机硅酸镁铝、有机硅酸镁铝，有机膨润土，凹凸棒土，羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、气相法白炭黑，沉降法白炭黑中的一种或几种。
5.一种草甘膦和麦草畏组合的油悬浮除草剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）1～30%所述的草甘膦原药与0.5%~10的麦草畏原药、1%~30%的表面活性剂和1%~5%的流变剂溶解分散在1%~50%的油性物质中，经低速搅拌形成粒径分布在100~2000微米左右的悬浊液；
（2）将此悬浊液经过高速剪切，胶体磨粗研磨，得到粒子粒径分布在10~100微米左右的粗分散油悬浮剂液，然后将此粗悬浮液采用卧式湿法砂磨的方式反复砂磨至粒径达到1~3微米为止，得到最终的均匀的粘稠草甘膦.麦草畏油悬浮剂产品。
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| US12127556B2 (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2024-10-29 | Crop Enhancement, Inc. | Nontoxic coating concentrates for agricultural uses |
| US12329053B2 (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2025-06-17 | Crop Enhancement, Inc. | Nontoxic coating concentrates for agricultural uses |
| EP4090147A4 (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2024-01-17 | Crop Enhancement, Inc. | NON-TOXIC COATING CONCENTRATES FOR AGRICULTURAL USE |
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