CN109006226A - With the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for using C4 plants to cope with global climate change, including (1) dividing C4 plant planting areas according to annual precipitation, annual evaporation, annual dryness, annual growth accumulated temperature, annual average temperature, and annual sunshine; 2) Screen C4 plants with strong stress resistance and large biomass; (3) Prepare C4 plant cultivation substrate; (4) Plant C4 plants scientifically and cut them in time to increase biomass and carbon sequestration; Sequestration of C4 plants, controlled carbon release. By planting C4 plants in deserts, arid and semi-arid areas, saline-alkali lands, karst areas, coasts, wastelands and other areas, increase the total biomass of the earth and the population of organisms, and curb desertification, rocky desertification, desertification, coastal erosion, soil erosion, etc. natural disaster. Through the planting, cutting and storage of C4 plants, the concentration of atmospheric CO ₂ can be reduced, the greenhouse effect and global climate change can be adjusted, and the survival time of human beings on the earth can be extended.

Description

With the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of methods with C4 plant reply Global climate change, belong to environment protection field.

Background technique

Since industrialization, the mankind use fossil fuel, and a large amount of CO is released into atmosphere₂、NO_xIsothermal chamber gas and SO₂、H₂The pollutants such as S and PM_2.5Dust significantly increases atmospheric warming effect, global warming.Cause ecology broken Bad, environmental pollution, natural calamity take place frequently, resource consumption and resource compensation are unbalance, broken on the earth " carbon, heat, oxygen " amount and The weather equilibrium state that " water, gas, ice " coexists, threatens the continuity of life.

Desertification, stony desertification, desertification, Coastal erosion, soil erosion etc. cause the kind of tellurian matter total amount and biology Group's quantity is reduced, and vegetation coverage reduces, environmental degradation etc..In order to control Desert Expansion, people have paid huge effort, But it produces little effect.With the increase of the size of population, the raising of living standards of the people, to the need of the resources such as grain, fuel, biomass The amount of asking is increasing, excessively firewood adopt, overgraze, unreasonable farming, cause stony desertification to be expanded.Since vegetation deterioration, flowing water are invaded Erosion, soil salinization etc. spread desertification of land.Artificially barrage build dam, Tidal Flat Reclamation, sand exploitation, denudation mangrove and Unsuitable coastal engineering etc. makes Coastal erosion that waterfront structure be caused to destroy, bathing beach is degenerated, seabeach ecological environment is disliked Change, bay siltation.The denudation, unreasonable farming cause soil erosion, seriously affect the peace of industrial and agricultural production and downstream river course Entirely.

With industrialization, the quickening of urbanization process, economic development is put undue emphasis on, predatory cultivation is carried out to soil, suddenly Depending on the grass of adaptation to local conditions, woods, herd, secondary, fishery comprehensive development.It is becoming tight in face of resource constraint, environmental pollution is serious, ecosystem The severe situation that system is degenerated, cultivation C4 plant in treating pollution repair ecological and reply Global climate change and have become the whole mankind and save Rescue the urgent task of terrestrial ecosystem.

Summary of the invention

In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of side with C4 plant reply Global climate change Method, comprising the following steps:

(1) accumulated temperature, year-round average temperature, year sunshine amount are grown according to annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity, year aridity, year, divides C4 and plants Object planting area；

(2) the C4 plant that resistance is strong, biomass is big is screened；

(3) C4 plant cultivation media is prepared；

(4) C4 plant is scientifically planted, is cradled in due course, biomass and carbon capacity are increased；

(5) by sealing up for safekeeping to C4 plant, carbon emissions are controlled.

Inorganic matter is converted organic matter by the photosynthesis of plant, and the luminous energy of the fixed sun, is most importantization on the earth Learn reaction；It is the important source of plant carbon accumulation, growth and development and biomass accumulation.Higher plant photosynthetic carbon assimilatory pathway has C3 Approach, C4 approach and crassulacean acid metabolism (Crassulacean acid metabolism, CAM) approach, according to CO₂It is fixed most Head product is different, is referred to as C3, C4 and CAM plants, most plants are C3 plant.C4 and CAM plants be by C3 plant into Change.The terrestrial plant group of about half will receive drought impact during the growth process on the earth, and C4 plant is planted relative to C3 It more adapts to grow in high temperature, Qiang Guang, arid area for object.With being continuously increased for world population quantity, shortage of water resources is done Nonirrigated farmland area increases, global warming, sea level rise, natural calamity takes place frequently etc., threaten the existence of the mankind with it is sustainable Development.The present invention proposes that, with C4 plant raising photosynthetic efficiency, pollution administration repairs ecology and reply Global climate change.

The mesophyll cell of C3 plant is more dispersed, does not have chloroplaset in vascular bundle sheath cell, to CO₂Utilization rate it is lower, Generally live in Temperate Region in China.The initial photosynthate of C3 plant photosynthetic carbon assimilation process is the 3-phoshoglyceric acid of 3 carbon (C) (Phosphoglyceric acid, PGA) initially fixes CO₂It is in mesophyll cell by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, 5- diphosphonic acid carboxylic Change enzyme/oxygenase (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, RuBisCO) effect to realize 's.

The mesophyll cell arrangement of C4 plant is regular, forms two circles " garland ", photosynthesis with vascular bundle sheath cell There are C3 circulation and C4 circulation, to CO₂Utilization rate it is higher, generally live in tropical and subtropical region.C4 plant fixes CO₂Most Head product is the 4C dicarboxylic acids such as malic acid (Malate) or aspartic acid (Aspartic acid), initially fixes CO₂It is in mesophyll It is urged in cell cytoplasm through phosphoric acid enol pyruvic acid carboxylase (Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, PEPCK) Change and forms oxaloacetic acid (Oxalacetic with receptor phosphoenolpyruvate (Phosphoenolpyruvate, PEP) Acid), the decarboxylation into vascular bundle sheath cell for 4C acid transporter, the CO released are restored₂(i.e. C3 approach) is recycled through Calvin It fixes again, remaining 3C product, which is transported back, regenerates PEP in mesophyll cell, to complete C4 approach circulation.

The every CO for fixing a molecule of C3 plant₂, to consume the water of 833 molecules；And C4 plant only consumes the water of 277 molecules, It is more suitable for growing in hot arid area.But C4 plant one molecule glucose of every synthesis will consume the ATP of 30 molecules, and C3 plant Only need to consume 18 molecule ATP.ATP is transformed by luminous energy, is readily available ATP in sunny area C4 plant, institute With carbon assimilation is high-efficient.

There are about 7600 kinds of C4 plants in the whole world, are distributed in 18 sections 487 category, wherein monocotyledon accounts for about 79%(wherein grass family About 4600 kinds, about 1330 kinds of Cyperaceae), dicotyledon accounts for about 21%(wherein Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthaceae, composite family, polygonaceae, Acanthaceae, horse Bitterroot section, Caryophyllaceae, zygophyllaceae are at 50 kinds or more).China C4 plant is distributed mainly on 24 sections 160 category, and having grass family, (96 belong to 324 kinds, 32 mutation and 2 subspecies), Cyperaceae (14 belong to 108 kinds), Chenopodiaceae (13 belong to 37 kinds, 7 mutation and 1 subspecies) and Amaranthaceae (3 categories 16 kind of 1 subspecies).

Plant habit table

C4 plant growth region, by annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity and aridity be divided into pole arid biogeographic zone, arid biogeographic zone, semiarid region, Subhumid, humid region grow accumulated temperature, year-round average temperature and year sunshine amount per year and are divided into subfrigid zone, middle temperate zone, warm temperate zone, Asia The torrid zone, the torrid zone.

By annual precipitation and aridity region division table

Table is divided by temperature region

1, tropical climate includes tropical rainy climate, savanna climate, tropical desert climate, tropical monsson climate.

Tropical rainy climate is located at equator two sides, south, 5 °~10 ° or so of north latitude.It is controlled by equatorial depression, rising gas prevailing Stream, annual high temperature and rainy (thunder shower), no seasonal variations, for annual precipitation in 2000 mm or more, monthly mean temperature is 25~28 DEG C, annual temperature range is less than 3 DEG C.

The two sides in savanna climate distribution rainy climate area under the line, south, 10 ° of north latitude~15 ° or so (some extends to 25 °), influenced by zone of equatorial low and trade wind tape alternation, annual high temperature, rainy season is rainy, have apparent two season of dry and wet, year precipitation Amount is generally in 700~1000 mm.

Tropical desert climate is distributed in other than climatic province of tropical dry and wet season, between south, 15 °~30 ° of north latitude, is in pair throughout the year Under the control of tropical high and trade wind, hot, dry, annual rainfall is less than 200 mm.

Tropical monsson climate is distributed in the Eastern China continental bank between 10 °~25 ° of north latitude.Annual high temperature, summer is rainy, there is non-irrigated rain Two seasons.Average temperature of the whole year is at 20 DEG C or more, and the most cold moon is generally at 18 DEG C or more.Annual precipitation generally 1500~2000 mm with On.

2, subtropical climate includes Etesian climate, subtropical monsoon climate, subtropical zone moist climate, subtropical zone desert gas It waits.

Etesian climate is located at the continent west bank of subtropics latitude, semiarid in the torrid zone between south, 30 °~40 ° of north latitude Zone of transition between weather and temperate oceanity weather.Replaced control with subtropical high by westerlies, summer sweltering heat is dry Dry, winter is mildly rainy, and annual precipitation is between 300~1000 mm.

Subtropical monsoon climate is located at 25 °~35 ° south, north latitude subtropical zone Eastern China continental banks, is in maritime tropical air and pole Ground continental air mass alternately controls area.Summer high temperature is rainy, and winter is mildly short of rain, and seasonal variations are significant, makes a clear distinction between the four seasons.Winter is most Cold monthly mean temperature is at 0 DEG C or more, and summer most hot monthly mean temperature is greater than 22 DEG C, and annual precipitation is generally in 1000~1500 mm.

Subtropical zone moist climate is distributed in the southeast of North America southeast, the eastern region of South America and Australia. Summer in winter dry and wet difference is little, and 1 monthly mean temperature is at 0 DEG C or more, and 7 monthly mean temperatures are at 25 DEG C or so.Summer in winter wind direction has obvious change Change, annual precipitation is generally in 1000 mm or more, the more precipitation of spring and summer, and autumn and winter Seasonal rainfall is relatively fewer.

Subtropical zone desert climate is located at south, 25 °~35 ° of north latitude of West Chian and hinterland, is believed by secondary height with dry Wind effect, annual drought, summer high temperature are hot.

3, temperate climate includes temperate oceanity weather, monsoon climate of medium latitudes, continental moist climate, the continental gas in temperate zone It waits.

Temperate oceanity weather is located at continent west bank, 40 °~60 ° south, north latitude areas.It is controlled by middle latitude west wind, it is annual wet Profit, summer is nice and cool, winter is mild.Most cold monthly mean temperature is at 0 DEG C or more, and the most hot moon is at 22 DEG C hereinafter, annual temperature range, temperature Daily difference is all small.Annual precipitation is in 1000 mm or more.

Temperate zone monsoon weather is located at the Eastern China continental bank of north latitude 35-degree~55 °, and winter is by the shadow from high latitude inland northerly It rings, continental polar air prevailing, cold is dry；Summer is influenced by polar maritime air or denaturation maritime tropical air, east prevailing Wind and south wind, high temperature and rainy.About 1000 mm of annual precipitation.

Continental moist climate is located to the east of 100 ° of North American continent west longitude and the east of Eurasia temperate oceanity climatic province Side.Summer hot more convective rain, winter cold are short of rain.

Temperate continental climate is located at the Asia of north latitude 35-degree~50 ° and the central part of North American continent.Cold summer heat, gas Temperature poor year, daily temperature range are all big, and precipitation is few.Arid area annual precipitation is in 250 mm hereinafter, plant is seldom, in arid Area periphery, annual precipitation is between 250~500 mm.

4, subfrigid zone continental climate is subfrigid zone Main Climatic type, also known as subfrigid zone coniferous forest weather.Positioned at north latitude Between 50 °~65 °, it is in zonal distribution, traverses North America and the Eurasia.Winter is very long and severe cold, there is 5~7 monthly average every year 0 DEG C of temperature is hereinafter, simultaneously often there is -50 DEG C of severe cold weather；Summer is of short duration and warm, and monthly mean temperature is high at 10 DEG C or more For person up to 18~20 DEG C, annual temperature range is especially big；Annual precipitation is generally between 300~600 mm, based on summer rain.Evaporation Faint, relative humidity is high.

5, climate of frigid zone includes polar ice sheet weather, polar region tundra climate, plateau mountain climate.

Polar ice sheet weather is distributed in polar region and its in the neighbourhood, and entire winter is in long night state, though half a year summer is Daytime forever, but sunlight slants, and gained heat is faint, thus weather whole year severe cold, and each moon temperature is all at 0 DEG C or less；Antarctica Average temperature of the whole year is -25 DEG C, is continent most cold in the world.Mostly by huge thick snow and ice cover, plant is difficult to grow on ground.

Polar region tundra climate is located at the Eurasia and North American continent Arctic Ocean bank, is all polar climate with frost climate. It is influenced because often being rolled into a ball by ice foreign flavour with continental polar air, throughout the year severe cold.It is 1 DEG C~5 °C of monthly mean temperature most hot, little precipitation, evaporation Weak, cloud amount is higher, and natural vegetation is mainly tundra (moss, lichens).

Plateau mountain climate is located at the highlands of mid latitudes, since height above sea level is higher, low temperature throughout the year.

C4 planting of the present invention region includes desert, Arid&semi-arid area, salt-soda soil, Karst region, sea Bank, wasteland etc..

Desert refers to that the soil of sandy desertification, whole world desert area account for about the 30.3% of the earth gross area, integrated distribution In 13 areas.Divide tropical desert, subtropical zone desert, temperate zone desert three types again by locating latitude is different.Because of climatic factor And the desert integrated distribution formed is between 15 °~35 ° of north and south latitude；The desert for being influenced and being formed by orographic factor is distributed in more Between north latitude 35-degree~50 °, middle part and US West of the integrated distribution in Asia.Deserts in China is predominantly located at north latitude 35-degree~50 °, The desert gross area about 7.0 × 10⁵ km².Desert, gobi and the desertification land gross area a total of about 1.31 × 10⁶ km², account for territory The 13.5% of the gross area.

The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in desert areas, comprising the following steps:

1,100~500 mm of annual precipitation, year is selected to grow 3000~4500 DEG C of accumulated temperature, 8~13 DEG C, year sunshine of year-round average temperature Measure the desert areas of 2200~2600 h.

2, the drought-resistant C4 plants such as sand-binding grass, Sha Peng, puncture vine, husky honey raisin tree, haloxylon persicum are selected.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent by volume 3~5:8~ 10:1~3:0.1~0.2 is mixed, and is added water and stirred, is prepared into C4 plant cultivation media, shape under conditions of humidity 40%~60% Including spherical shape, triangle, cylinder, rectangular, polygon etc..It is preferred that the cylinder of 10~20 cm of diameter, high 20~30 cm.Its The stalk of the C4 plants such as the preferred corn of middle stalk, sorghum, grain, millet.

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 planting hole is at least reserved in matrix；It sows hole area and is greater than 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm。

4, when earth's surface mean temperature reaches 5 DEG C or more, to sand-binding grass, Sha Peng, puncture vine, husky honey raisin tree, H. persicum seeds into Row processing, filters out healthy and strong seed；After selecting two or more seed any combination, 1:2~3 are mixed by volume with planting soil, Water is added to be tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2, makes have 4~8 C4 vegetable seeds in each planting hole.

Kind of a plant hole is excavated by 1~2 m × 1 of seeding row spacing~2 m in sand ground, injects water in kind of plant hole, then by cultivation base Matter planting hole is embedded in sand ground upward, covers the fine sand of 1~2 cm above.

After emergence 2~3 weeks, to reseeding for C4 plant is not grown, until emergence rate reaches 80% or more.

5, after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, C4 herbaceous plant aerial part is embedded in sand ground, it is organic to increase soil Matter and carbon remittance amount.

Arid&semi-arid area accounts for about the 40% of Global land surface area, the influence of climate variation and mankind's activity, the whole world Arid&semi-arid area area is in expansion trend.China is one of 13 water shortage states of the world, and drought and water-scarce area area accounts for about me The 52% of state's territory total area, North China, northwest overwhelming majority area belong to Arid&semi-arid area.

The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in arid and semi-arid region, comprising the following steps:

1,100~500 mm of annual precipitation, year is selected to grow 1500~3500 DEG C of accumulated temperature, 2~8 DEG C, year sunshine of year-round average temperature Measure the arid and semi-arid region of 2200~3400 h.

2, three-awn, hat Chinese silvergrass, herba eragrostidis pilosae, lice grass, prickle grass, Chloris virgata, Artemisia scoparia, salsola collina, Herba Salsolae Ruthenicae, mist are selected The cold resistants such as ice Chenopodiaceae, drought-enduring C4 plant.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent by volume 3~5:6~ 8:2~3:0.1~0.2 is mixed, and is added water and stirred, is prepared into C4 plant cultivation media, shape under conditions of humidity 40%~60% Including spherical shape, triangle, cylinder, rectangular, polygon etc..It is preferred that 10~20 cm × 10~20 cm are rectangular, thickness 5~15 cm.The wherein stalk of the C4 plant such as the preferred corn of stalk, sorghum, grain, millet.

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 planting hole is at least reserved in matrix；It sows hole area and is greater than 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm。

4, when earth's surface mean temperature reaches 2 DEG C or more, to three-awn, hat Chinese silvergrass, herba eragrostidis pilosae, lice grass, prickle grass, brave tail Grass, Artemisia scoparia, salsola collina, Herba Salsolae Ruthenicae, mist ice Chenopodiaceae seed are handled, and healthy and strong seed is filtered out；Two or more seeds are selected to appoint After meaning combination, 1:2~3 are mixed by volume with planting soil, and water is added to be tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2 Slurry, makes have 4~6 C4 vegetable seeds in each planting hole.

Kind of a plant hole is excavated by 0.5~1 m × 0.5 of seeding row spacing~1 m in wasteland, water is injected in kind of plant hole, then will plant Training matrix planting hole is buried in the earth upward, covers the fine earth of 1~2 cm above.

After emergence 1~2 week, to reseeding for C4 plant is not grown, until emergence rate reaches 90% or more.

5, after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, withered and yellow aerial part is cradled；It ditches along contour by C4 herbaceous plant Aerial part is buried in the earth, and increases the soil organism and carbon remittance amount.

Salt-soda soil is the saline land general name with alkali ground.UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's statistics, whole world salt-soda soil The gross area be 9.5438 × 10⁸ hm², wherein China is 9.913 × 10⁷ hm².Xinjiang of China, song-Nen plain saline-alkaline compare Seriously, plant can hardly survive.

The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in salt-soda soil region, comprising the following steps:

1,400~800 mm of annual precipitation, year aridity 1~1.5, year is selected to grow 1500~3500 DEG C of accumulated temperature, annual mean temperature Spend the salt-soda soil region of 2~8 DEG C, year sunshine amount, 2200~3400 h.

2, the cold resistants, drought-enduring C4 plant such as selection saline land hieracioides, alkali wormwood artemisia, alkali is fluffy, mist ice Chenopodiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, roe hair.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, humic acid by weight 10~20:10 ~30:20~30:0.1~0.2 is mixed into C4 plant cultivation media.The wherein C4 plant such as the preferred corn of stalk, sorghum, grain, millet Stalk.

4, soil is ploughed deeply, is dug trenches to drain the water away, soil capillary is cut off.

When earth's surface mean temperature reaches 5 DEG C or more, to saline land hieracioides, alkali wormwood artemisia, alkali is fluffy, mist ice Chenopodiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, roe hair seed It is handled, filters out healthy and strong seed, select two or more seed any combination.

It after cultivation matrix is mixed with C4 vegetable seeds, is sown on saline-alkali soil, plant growth substrate dosage is 2~5 per acre T, sowing quantity is 1~1.5 kg per acre.

The seedling thinning when seedling grows 4~6 true leaves, seeding row spacing are 5~10 cm.

5, it after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, cradles withered and yellow aerial part and is buried in the earth, it is gentle to improve soil cell size Ability is rushed, the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil is controlled, increases the soil organism and carbon remittance amount.

Karst ecosystem is the special and fragile terrestrial ecosystems of epigeosphere, accounts for about the land gross area 15%.China's karst area accounts for the 1/3 of territory total area, wherein the southern karst gross area about 5.4 × 10⁵ km², it is the world Area is maximum, develops strongest area.

The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in karst (or stony desertification) region, comprising the following steps:

1,800 mm or more of annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity is selected to be less than 800mm, year aridity 1~1.5, grow accumulated temperature 4000 in year ~8000 DEG C, the Karst Regional of 13~20 DEG C, year sunshine amount of year-round average temperature, 2200~2600 h.

2, drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant the C4 plants such as common evolvulus herb, prickle grass, ditch millet, herba eleusines indicae, herba eragrostidis pilosae are selected.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, it is mixed by weight 1~3:1~3:2~3 with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer Synthesize cultivation matrix.It adds water and stirs, C4 plant cultivation media is prepared under conditions of humidity 40%~60%, shape includes triangle Shape, circle, rectangular, polygon etc..It is preferred that 30~50 cm × 30~50 cm are rectangular, 5~10 cm of thickness.Wherein stalk is preferred The stalk of the C4 plant such as corn, sorghum, grain, millet.

When cultivation matrix forms, planting hole is reserved in stromal surface by 5~10 cm × 5~10 cm；It is big to sow hole area In 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm.

4, the scrappy stone in slope is piled up in the lower section of slope surface, hillside fields is changed to terraced fields；Water storage is built according to landform Pond is reduced rainwater and is washed away to surface soil.

When earth's surface mean temperature reaches 5 DEG C or more, to common evolvulus herb, prickle grass, ditch millet, herba eleusines indicae, thrush grass seed into Row processing, filters out healthy and strong seed；After selecting two or more seed any combination, 1:2~3 are mixed by volume with planting soil, Water is added to be tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2, makes have 4~6 C4 vegetable seeds in each planting hole.

Upward, cultivation base mass is lain in the soil put in order for planting hole；When moistening cultivation matrix with water-wet, water is prevented It measures excessive, the seed in planting hole is washed away.

5, it after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, cradles withered and yellow aerial part and is processed into various carbon products and seal up for safekeeping, control Carbon emissions.

Seashore is the area that ocean and land contact with each other and interacts, wave, tide, the ocean current the effects of under by sinking Product object is accumulated and is formed.World coastline is about 4.4 × 10⁵Km, Chinese coastline wire length about 1.8 × 10⁴Km, island shores are about 1.4×10⁴ km。

The method that coastal region copes with Global climate change with C4 plant, comprising the following steps:

1,800 mm or more of annual precipitation, 8000 DEG C of accumulated temperature of year growth or more, year evaporation capacity is selected to be less than 800mm, year aridity Less than the coastal region of 1, year-round average temperature, 20 DEG C, year sunshine amount, 1100~2100 h or more.

2, the high temperature resistants such as selective radiation conferted sawgrass herb, beach Sha, the beach root of Beijing euphorbia, big luxuriant garden heliotrope, impoverishment tolerant C4 plant.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, it is mixed by weight 3~5:3~5:1~3 with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer Synthesize cultivation matrix.It adds water and stirs, C4 plant cultivation media is prepared under conditions of humidity 40%~60%, shape includes cylinder Shape, rectangular, polygon etc..It is preferred that the cylinder of 5~15 cm of diameter, high 10~15 cm.Wherein the preferred corn of stalk, sorghum, The stalk of the C4 plant such as grain, millet.

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 planting hole is reserved in stromal surface；It sows hole area and is greater than 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm.

4, when earth's surface mean temperature reaches 10 DEG C or more, to radiation conferted sawgrass herb, beach Sha, the beach root of Beijing euphorbia, big luxuriant day mustard Colza is handled, and healthy and strong seed is filtered out；After selecting two or more seed any combination, with planting soil 1:2 by volume ~3 mixing, add water to be tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2, makes have 4~6 C4 to plant in each planting hole Species.

Planting hole upward, by 50~150 cm × 50 of seeding row spacing~150 cm transplants cultivation base mass to seashore sand ground On.

5, it after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, cradles withered and yellow aerial part and is processed into various carbon products and seal up for safekeeping, control Carbon emissions.

Wasteland refers to the soil not yet developed and used for development and utilization, including suitable agriculture, suitable for afforestation and preferably herd wasteland.China Arable badlands about 35 × 10⁶ hm², it is mainly distributed on northeast, the Northwest and southern hills mountainous region.

Opening refers to that trees canopy density are greater than or equal to 10% and the forest land less than 20%.China's opening gross area is about 1.26×10⁷ hm², the 5.5% of the forest land gross area is accounted for, southwest and ALFISOL IN CENTRAL are mainly distributed on.

The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in wasteland (including deserted mountain, opening), comprising the following steps:

1, select 800 mm or more of annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity be less than 800mm, year aridity less than 1, year growth accumulated temperature 4000~ 8000 DEG C, 13~20 DEG C of year-round average temperature or more, the hilly and mountainous land of 1100~2100 h of year sunshine amount.

2, the high temperature resistants, drought-resistant C4 plant such as sweet tea napier grass, hybrid giant napier, Jujun grasses are selected.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, pulverized limestone by weight 20~30:30 ~50:5~10:0.5~1 is mixed into cultivation matrix.It adds water and stirs, the cultivation of C4 plant is prepared under conditions of humidity 40%~60% Matrix is trained, shape includes cylindrical, rectangular, polygon etc..It is preferred that the cylinder of 10~15 cm of diameter, high 10~15 cm.Its The stalk of the C4 plants such as the preferred corn of middle stalk, sorghum, grain, millet.

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 3~5 cm of diameter, the planting hole of deep 5~10 cm are reserved in column top.

4, the sundries on hilly and mountainous land is removed, is leveled land, is built gutter, reservoir according to topography, establish growing area.

When spring temperature reaches 10 DEG C or more, it is full that bud eye is chosen from 6 more than monthly age sweet tea napier grasses, hybrid giant napier, Jujun grasses Full, healthy, no disease and pests harm stalk is kind of a section, and segment is cut into before sowing, and every section retains 1 section, and the stem of 1~2 cm long is stayed on section Stalk stays the stalk of 3~5 cm long under section, guarantees that notch is neat, each section has 1 or more axillary bud.

Kind of a section axillary bud is inserted into upward in the planting hole of cultivation matrix, is filled out between kind section and cultivation matrix with thin planting soil It is full, a little higher than cultivation matrix in axillary bud position.

After cultivating 20~30 d under warm, wet condition, then seedling connected into cultivation matrix, by 50~150 cm of seeding row spacing × 50~150 cm are transplanted to growing area.

5, according to needs are sealed up for safekeeping, C4 herbaceous plant is cradled in due course, various carbon products is processed into and seals up for safekeeping, control carbon emissions.

C4 plant of the present invention is sealed up for safekeeping, and carbon emissions, including " application envelope carbon ", " using envelope carbon ", " molding envelope carbon " are controlled " landfill envelope carbon ".

" application envelope carbon " refers to CO in atmospheric thermodynamics₂And its equivalent be 275~350 ppm when, with biomass production food, The economic total volume of carbon cycle can be improved in feed, organic fertilizer, paper products, biomass energy, chemical products etc.；Meanwhile it increasing " temporary quiet carbon " amount, can extend carbon cycle process and adjust the Atmospheric CO in the unit time₂Concentration and temperature are a kind of inhibit greatly CO in air ring₂Concentration and the raised method of temperature.

" using envelope carbon " refers to CO in atmospheric thermodynamics₂And its equivalent be 350~400 ppm when, with a large amount of biomass produce The economic total volume of carbon cycle can be improved in construction material, furniture, farm implements, apparatus, industrial goods etc.；Meanwhile increasing " temporary quiet carbon " Amount or " long-term quiet carbon " amount, can extend carbon cycle process and adjust the Atmospheric CO in the unit time₂Concentration and temperature are a kind of controls CO in atmospheric thermodynamics processed₂Concentration and the raised method of temperature.

" molding envelope carbon " refers to CO in atmospheric thermodynamics₂And its equivalent be 400~450 ppm when, replaced using biomass energy Under the premise of for fossil fuel, biomass processing is sealed up for safekeeping at the carbon products of certain shapes and density, is increased " temporarily quiet Carbon " amount or " long-term quiet carbon " amount.Work as Atmospheric CO₂After concentration and temperature are stablized, deep processing and comprehensive benefit are carried out to storage carbon products With (such as production food, feed, organic fertilizer, paper products, biomass energy, chemical products, construction material, furniture, farm implements, use Tool, industrial goods etc.), it allows it sufficiently to discharge value, is CO in a kind of limitation atmospheric thermodynamics₂Concentration and the raised method of temperature.

" landfill envelope carbon " refers to CO in atmospheric thermodynamics₂And its equivalent has reached 450 ppm or more, the natural calamity caused by heating up When evil is extremely serious, under the premise of using biomass energy substitute fossil fuels, biomass is filled, is increased " long-term Quiet carbon " amount or " permanent quiet carbon " amount.Work as Atmospheric CO₂After concentration and temperature are stablized, biomass fertilizers, fuel are used as, or will Biomass fills seal up for safekeeping for a long time, is allowed to be converted to hydrocarbon compound (coal, oil and natural gas etc.) under a subterranean formation, is that one kind is held back CO in atmospheric thermodynamics processed₂Concentration and the raised method of temperature.

From the foregoing, it will be observed that with C4 plant reply Global climate change method, be included in desert, Arid&semi-arid area, The ecological region plantings C4 plant such as salt-soda soil, Karst region, seashore, wasteland increases the population number of tellurian matter total amount and biology Amount, controls the natural calamities such as desertification, stony desertification, desertification, Coastal erosion, soil erosion.By plantation to C4 plant, cut It cuts and seals up for safekeeping, reduce Atmospheric CO₂Concentration adjusts greenhouse effects and Global climate change, when extending the existence of the mankind on earth Between.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment of the present invention is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the present invention In embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art's every other implementation obtained under that premise of not paying creative labor Example, belongs to the scope of the present invention.

The method that embodiment 1 copes with Global climate change with C4 plant, comprising the following steps:

(1) accumulated temperature, year-round average temperature, year sunshine amount are grown according to annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity, year aridity, year, divides C4 and plants Object planting area；

(2) the C4 plant that resistance is strong, biomass is big is screened；

(3) C4 plant cultivation media is prepared；

(4) C4 plant is scientifically planted, is cradled in due course, biomass and carbon capacity are increased；

(5) by sealing up for safekeeping to C4 plant, carbon emissions are controlled.

The C4 foliage filter screening method of the reply Global climate change of embodiment 2, comprising the following steps:

(1) the region implants aerial part average biomass is measured；

Draft with choosing 5~10 representative samples, is gathered in aerial part, weighed up by the m of the 1 m × 1 or m of 0.5 m × 0.5 Fresh weight；By aerial part, drying to constant weight at 80 DEG C or 105 DEG C, weighs up dry weight；Calculate the region herbaceous plant overground part Divide average biomass；

Arbor, shrub with choosing 5~10 representative samples, are counted and are planted in the sample prescription by the m of the 10 m × 10 or m of 5 m × 5 Density, cover degree, the height of object calculate the region arbor, shrub aerial part average biomass；

(2) according to plant growth characteristics, the C4 plant for being suitble to the region growing is selected；

(3) according to Aboveground Biomass of Young, the high C4 plant of biomass is selected from the C4 plant in step (2)；

Selected C4 draft Aboveground Biomass of Young should be greater than the 20% of the region herbaceous plant aerial part average biomass；

Selected C4 arbor, shrub Aboveground Biomass of Young should be greater than the region arbor, shrub aerial part average biomass 10%；

(4) according to resistance, the strong C4 plant of resistance is selected from the C4 plant in step (3), as reply global climate The C4 plant of variation.

The C4 plant of the reply Global climate change of embodiment 3

Cope with the C4 plant of Global climate change: husky honey raisin tree, white bulging nail, punarnava, Sha Peng, shortleaf amabasis, alkali is fluffy, Chenopodiaceae, shore Chenopodiaceae, sacsaoul, Xinjiang Chenopodiaceae, camphor tree taste Chenopodiaceae, pubescence salt are fluffy, Russian pigweed, mist ice Chenopodiaceae, singly pierce fluffy, salt sward, Tibet salt sward, kochia scoparia, conjunction It is head grass, the fluffy, summer cypress of pearl silk, salsola collina, puncture vine, camel hoof valve, thick stem overlord, gobi overlord, fast-growing overlord, amaranth, white amaranth, beautiful Amaranth, globe amaranth, Radix Polygalae, purslane, line whin, lanceolata thermopsis fabaceae, Sagina subulata, Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae, pencil tree, hairy euphorbia, beach are big Halberd, the short root of Beijing euphorbia, Orostachys fimbriatus, Kirilow Groundsel Herb, alkali wormwood artemisia, tarragon, hair lotus wormwood artemisia, Filifolium sibiricum, smallflower beggarticks herb, climbing groundsel, meadow hieracioides, to Day certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, saline land hieracioides, golden chrysanthemum, guayule rubber, edelweiss, embrace the small gutweed of stem, Chinese artichoke, Cauliflower, eye at plumage split Serratula centauroides The flat Sha of dish, Herba Bulbostylis barbata, racemosus, magnificent Herba Lipocarphae mincrocephalae, rotation squama nutgrass flatsedge, sword bud scirpus triqueter, dichotomous fimbristylis herb, needle spikesedge herb, Herba Cyperi Glomerati, head fringe Sha Grass, beach Sha, disconnected section Sha, magnificent Herba Lipocarphae mincrocephalae, radiation conferted sawgrass herb, dense cluster conferted sawgrass herb, kyllinga brevifolia, common evolvulus herb, Semen Cuscutae, big bud Garden heliotrope, Mang ox seedling, safflower sanicle, folding branch lucid asparagus, siphonstegia chinensis, extra large silkweed, black algae, hair stalk Gagea lufen (L.) ker- Gawl, is dredged grass of meadow rue Raw fragrant-flowered garlic, sand fritillaria, Longstamen Onion Bulb, roe hair, three-awn, hispid arthraxon, Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) Tanaka, yellow bluestem, Chloris virgata, grow thickly hidden sub- grass, pricklegrass, puncture vine Grass, herba digitariae, barnyard grass, herba eleusines indicae, Hemarthria compressa, hat Chinese silvergrass, sugarcane, green bristlegrass bamboo, corn, sorghum, grain, wild broomcorn millet, big broomcorn millet, Chinese pennisetum, dog tail Grass, sweet tea napier grass, hybrid giant napier, Jujun grasses, pricklegrass, Mao Xiang, Herba Themedae japonicae, herba eragrostidis pilosae, sand-binding grass, Bermuda grass, prickle grass, awns, point It is bran grass, husky raw Ravenna grass, common apluda leaf, Mao Yingcao, carpetweed, tall grama, Ba Lacao, ring grass, buffalograss, kachi grass, Wei thatch, double Bran grass, curved fringe grass, oily awns, francolin grass, involucre grass, Jin Mao, nine top grass, true fringe grass, ear bran grass, light bran vanilla, cogongrass, rat-tail Grain, Value of Spartina Anglica, big clever grass, tail bran grass, Herba Stenotaphri helferi, careless clam worm, vetiver, Korea lawn grass, muhly, false Herba Herminii Lancei, Herba Herminii Lancei, sparrow Barnyard grass, lalang grass rhizome, rough melic herb, globose phaenosperma herb, molasses grass, Rottboellia exaltata L. F, pseudo- Stipa capillata, capsule grain husk grass, tiltedly palpus Schizachyrium scoparium, reed, ditch clever grass, millet, the heart of a lotus seed Job's tears etc..

The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in 4 desert areas of embodiment, comprising the following steps:

1,100~500 mm of annual precipitation, year is selected to grow 3000~4500 DEG C of accumulated temperature, 8~13 DEG C, year sunshine of year-round average temperature Measure the desert areas of 2200~2600 h.

2, the drought-resistant C4 plants such as sand-binding grass, Sha Peng, puncture vine, husky honey raisin tree, haloxylon persicum are selected.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent by volume 3~5:8~ 10:1~3:0.1~0.2 is mixed, and is added water and stirred, is prepared into C4 plant cultivation media, shape under conditions of humidity 40%~60% Including spherical shape, triangle, cylinder, rectangular, polygon etc..It is preferred that the cylinder of 10~20 cm of diameter, high 20~30 cm.Its The stalk of the C4 plants such as the preferred corn of middle stalk, sorghum, grain, millet.

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 planting hole is at least reserved in matrix；It sows hole area and is greater than 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm。

4, when earth's surface mean temperature reaches 5 DEG C or more, to sand-binding grass, Sha Peng, puncture vine, husky honey raisin tree, H. persicum seeds into Row processing, filters out healthy and strong seed；After selecting two or more seed any combination, 1:2~3 are mixed by volume with planting soil, Water is added to be tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2, makes have 4~8 C4 vegetable seeds in each planting hole.

Kind of a plant hole is excavated by 1~2 m × 1 of seeding row spacing~2 m in sand ground, injects water in kind of plant hole, then by cultivation base Matter planting hole is embedded in sand ground upward, covers the fine sand of 1~2 cm above.

After emergence 2~3 weeks, to reseeding for C4 plant is not grown, until emergence rate reaches 80% or more.

5, after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, C4 herbaceous plant aerial part is embedded in sand ground and is sealed up for safekeeping, control carbon is released It puts.

The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in 5 arid and semi-arid region of embodiment, comprising the following steps:

1,100~500 mm of annual precipitation, year is selected to grow 1500~3500 DEG C of accumulated temperature, 2~8 DEG C, year sunshine of year-round average temperature Measure the arid and semi-arid region of 2200~3400 h.

2, three-awn, hat Chinese silvergrass, herba eragrostidis pilosae, lice grass, prickle grass, Chloris virgata, Artemisia scoparia, salsola collina, Herba Salsolae Ruthenicae, mist are selected The cold resistants such as ice Chenopodiaceae, drought-enduring C4 plant.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent by volume 3~5:6~ 8:2~3:0.1~0.2 is mixed, and is added water and stirred, is prepared into C4 plant cultivation media, shape under conditions of humidity 40%~60% Including spherical shape, triangle, cylinder, rectangular, polygon etc..It is preferred that 10~20 cm × 10~20 cm are rectangular, it is high by 5~15 cm.The wherein stalk of the C4 plant such as the preferred corn of stalk, sorghum, grain, millet.

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 planting hole is at least reserved in matrix；It sows hole area and is greater than 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm。

4, when earth's surface mean temperature reaches 2 DEG C or more, to three-awn, hat Chinese silvergrass, herba eragrostidis pilosae, lice grass, prickle grass, brave tail Grass, Artemisia scoparia, salsola collina, Herba Salsolae Ruthenicae, mist ice Chenopodiaceae seed are handled, and healthy and strong seed is filtered out；Two or more seeds are selected to appoint After meaning combination, 1:2~3 are mixed by volume with planting soil, and water is added to be tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2 Slurry, makes have 4~6 C4 vegetable seeds in each planting hole.

Kind of a plant hole is excavated by 0.5~1 m × 0.5 of seeding row spacing~1 m in wasteland, water is injected in kind of plant hole, then will plant Training matrix planting hole is buried in the earth upward, covers the fine earth of 1~2 cm above.

After emergence 1~2 week, to reseeding for C4 plant is not grown, until emergence rate reaches 90% or more.

5, after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, withered and yellow aerial part is cradled；It ditches along contour by C4 herbaceous plant Aerial part, which is buried in the earth, to be sealed up for safekeeping, and carbon emissions are controlled.

The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in 6 salt-soda soil region of embodiment, comprising the following steps:

1,400~800 mm of annual precipitation, year is selected to grow 1500~3500 DEG C, year aridity 1~1.5 of accumulated temperature, annual mean temperature Spend the salt-soda soil region of 2~8 DEG C, year sunshine amount, 2200~3400 h.

2, the cold resistants, drought-enduring C4 plant such as selection saline land hieracioides, alkali wormwood artemisia, alkali is fluffy, mist ice Chenopodiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, roe hair.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, humic acid by weight 10~20:10 ~30:20~30:0.1~0.2 is mixed into C4 plant cultivation media.The wherein C4 plant such as the preferred corn of stalk, sorghum, grain, millet Stalk.

4, soil is ploughed deeply, is dug trenches to drain the water away, soil capillary is cut off.

When earth's surface mean temperature reaches 5 DEG C or more, to saline land hieracioides, alkali wormwood artemisia, alkali is fluffy, mist ice Chenopodiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, roe hair seed It is handled, filters out healthy and strong seed, select two or more seed any combination.

After cultivation matrix is mixed with C4 vegetable seeds, it is sown on salt-soda soil；Cultivation matrix dosage is 2~5 t per acre, Sowing quantity is 1~1.5 kg per acre.

The seedling thinning when seedling grows 4~6 true leaves, seeding row spacing are 5~10 cm.

5, it after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, cradles withered and yellow aerial part and is buried in the earth and seal up for safekeeping, control carbon emissions.

The method that 7 Karst Regional of embodiment copes with Global climate change with C4 plant, comprising the following steps:

1,800 mm or more of annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity is selected to be less than 800mm, year aridity 1~1.5, grow accumulated temperature 4000 in year ~8000 DEG C, the Karst Regional of 13~20 DEG C, year sunshine amount of year-round average temperature, 1200~2200 h.

2, drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant the C4 plants such as common evolvulus herb, prickle grass, ditch millet, herba eleusines indicae, herba eragrostidis pilosae are selected.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, it is mixed by weight 1~3:1~3:2~3 with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer Synthesize cultivation matrix.It adds water and stirs, C4 plant cultivation media is prepared under conditions of humidity 40%~60%, shape includes triangle Shape, circle, rectangular, polygon etc..It is preferred that 30~50 cm × 30~50 cm are rectangular, 5~10 cm of thickness.Wherein stalk is preferred The stalk of the C4 plant such as corn, sorghum, grain, millet.

When cultivation matrix forms, planting hole is reserved in stromal surface by 5~10 cm × 5~10 cm；It is big to sow hole area In 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm.

4, the scrappy stone in slope is piled up in the lower section of slope surface, hillside fields is changed to terraced fields；Water storage is built according to landform Pond is reduced rainwater and is washed away to surface soil.

When earth's surface mean temperature reaches 5 DEG C or more, to common evolvulus herb, prickle grass, ditch millet, herba eleusines indicae, thrush grass seed into Row processing, filters out healthy and strong seed；After selecting two or more seed any combination, 1:2~3 are mixed by volume with planting soil, Water is added to be tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2, makes have 4~6 C4 vegetable seeds in each planting hole.

Upward, cultivation base mass is lain in the soil put in order for planting hole；When moistening cultivation matrix with water-wet, water is prevented It measures excessive, the seed in planting hole is washed away.

5, it after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, cradles withered and yellow aerial part and is processed into various carbon products and seal up for safekeeping, control Carbon emissions.

The method that 8 coastal region of embodiment copes with Global climate change with C4 plant, comprising the following steps:

1, it selects 800 mm or more of annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity to be less than 800mm, year aridity and grows 8000 DEG C of accumulated temperature less than 1, year Above, 20 DEG C of year-round average temperature or more, the coastal region of 1100~2100 h of year sunshine amount.

2, the high temperature resistants such as selective radiation conferted sawgrass herb, beach Sha, the beach root of Beijing euphorbia, big luxuriant garden heliotrope, impoverishment tolerant C4 plant.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, it is mixed by weight 3~5:3~5:1~3 with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer Synthesize cultivation matrix.It adds water and stirs, C4 plant cultivation media is prepared under conditions of humidity 40%~60%, shape includes cylinder Shape, rectangular, polygon etc..It is preferred that the cylinder of 5~15 cm of diameter, high 10~15 cm.Wherein the preferred corn of stalk, sorghum, The stalk of the C4 plant such as grain, millet.

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 planting hole is reserved in stromal surface；It sows hole area and is greater than 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm.

4, when earth's surface mean temperature reaches 10 DEG C or more, to radiation conferted sawgrass herb, beach Sha, the beach root of Beijing euphorbia, big luxuriant day mustard Colza is handled, and healthy and strong seed is filtered out；After selecting two or more seed any combination, with planting soil 1:2 by volume ~3 mixing, add water to be tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2, makes have 4~6 C4 to plant in each planting hole Species.

Planting hole upward, by 50~150 cm × 50 of seeding row spacing~150 cm transplants cultivation base mass to seashore sand ground On.

5, after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, withered and yellow aerial part is cradled, various carbon products is processed into and seals up for safekeeping, is controlled Carbon emissions.

The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in 9 wasteland of embodiment, comprising the following steps:

1, select 800 mm or more of annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity be less than 800mm, year aridity less than 1, year growth accumulated temperature 4000~ 8000 DEG C, 13~20 DEG C of year-round average temperature or more, the hilly and mountainous land of 1200~2200 h of year sunshine amount.

2, the high temperature resistants, drought-resistant C4 plant such as sweet tea napier grass, hybrid giant napier, Jujun grasses are selected.

3, stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, pulverized limestone by weight 20~30:30 ~50:5~10:0.5~1 is mixed into cultivation matrix.It adds water and stirs, the cultivation of C4 plant is prepared under conditions of humidity 40%~60% Matrix is trained, shape includes cylindrical, rectangular, polygon etc..It is preferred that the cylinder of 10~15 cm of diameter, high 10~15 cm.Its The stalk of the C4 plants such as the preferred corn of middle stalk, sorghum, grain, millet.

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 3~5 cm of diameter, the planting hole of deep 5~10 cm are reserved in column top.

4, the sundries on hilly and mountainous land is removed, is leveled land, is built gutter, reservoir according to topography, establish growing area.

When spring temperature reaches 10 DEG C or more, it is full that bud eye is chosen from 6 more than monthly age sweet tea napier grasses, hybrid giant napier, Jujun grasses Full, healthy, no disease and pests harm stalk is kind of a section, and segment is cut into before sowing, and every section retains 1 section, and the stem of 1~2 cm long is stayed on section Stalk stays the stalk of 3~5 cm long under section, guarantees that notch is neat, each section has 1 or more axillary bud.

Kind of a section axillary bud is inserted into upward in the planting hole of cultivation matrix, is filled out between kind section and cultivation matrix with thin planting soil It is full, a little higher than cultivation matrix in axillary bud position.

After cultivating 20~30 d under warm, wet condition, then by seedling together with cultivation matrix, by seeding row spacing 50~150 Cm × 50~150 cm are transplanted to growing area.

5, according to needs are sealed up for safekeeping, C4 herbaceous plant is cradled in due course, various carbon products is processed into and seals up for safekeeping, control carbon emissions.

Claims (11)

1. with the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change, characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:

(1) accumulated temperature, year-round average temperature, year sunshine amount are grown according to annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity, year aridity, year, divides C4 and plants Object planting area；

(2) the C4 plant that resistance is strong, biomass is big is screened；

(3) C4 plant cultivation media is prepared；

(4) C4 plant is scientifically planted, is cradled in due course, biomass and carbon capacity are increased；

(5) by sealing up for safekeeping to C4 plant, carbon emissions are controlled.

2. according to claim 1 with the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change, characterized in that the C4 plant species Growing area domain includes desert, Arid&semi-arid area, salt-soda soil, Karst region, seashore, wasteland.

3. according to claim 1 with the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change, characterized in that the C4 plant sieve Choosing method the following steps are included:

(1) the region implants aerial part average biomass is measured；

Draft with choosing 5~10 representative samples, is gathered in aerial part, weighs up fresh weight by the m of 1 m × 1；By overground part Point drying to constant weight at 105 DEG C, weighs up dry weight；Calculate the region herbaceous plant aerial part average biomass；

Arbor, shrub by the m of 10 m × 10 with choosing 5~10 representative samples, count the density of plant in the sample prescription, Cover degree, height calculate the region arbor, shrub aerial part average biomass；

(2) according to plant growth characteristics, the C4 plant for being suitble to the region growing is selected；

(3) according to Aboveground Biomass of Young, the high C4 plant of biomass is selected from the C4 plant in step (2)；

Selected C4 draft Aboveground Biomass of Young should be greater than the 20% of the region herbaceous plant aerial part average biomass；

Selected C4 arbor, shrub Aboveground Biomass of Young should be greater than the region arbor, shrub aerial part average biomass 10%；

(4) according to resistance, the strong C4 plant of resistance is selected from the C4 plant in step (3), as reply global climate The C4 plant of variation.

4. according to claim 1 with the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change, characterized in that the reply whole world The C4 plant of climate change include: fluffy husky honey raisin tree, white bulging nail, punarnava, Sha Peng, shortleaf amabasis, alkali, Chenopodiaceae, saltbush, sacsaoul, Xinjiang Chenopodiaceae, camphor tree taste Chenopodiaceae, pubescence salt are fluffy, Russian pigweed, mist ice Chenopodiaceae, singly pierce fluffy, salt sward, Tibet salt sward, kochia scoparia, Sympegma regelii, pearl Silk fluffy, summer cypress, salsola collina, puncture vine, camel hoof valve, thick stem overlord, gobi overlord, fast-growing overlord, amaranth, white amaranth, beautiful amaranth, thousand days It is red, Radix Polygalae, purslane, line whin, lanceolata thermopsis fabaceae, Sagina subulata, Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae, pencil tree, hairy euphorbia, the beach root of Beijing euphorbia, short big Halberd, Orostachys fimbriatus, Kirilow Groundsel Herb, alkali wormwood artemisia, tarragon, hair lotus wormwood artemisia, Filifolium sibiricum, smallflower beggarticks herb, climbing groundsel, meadow hieracioides, sunflower, salt Ground hieracioides, golden chrysanthemum, guayule rubber, edelweiss, embrace the small gutweed of stem, Chinese artichoke, Cauliflower, bog pondweed, goalpost at plumage split Serratula centauroides Grass, the flat Sha of racemosus, magnificent Herba Lipocarphae mincrocephalae, rotation squama nutgrass flatsedge, sword bud scirpus triqueter, dichotomous fimbristylis herb, needle spikesedge herb, Herba Cyperi Glomerati, head fringe nutgrass flatsedge, beach Sha, disconnected section Sha, magnificent Herba Lipocarphae mincrocephalae, radiation conferted sawgrass herb, dense cluster conferted sawgrass herb, kyllinga brevifolia, common evolvulus herb, Semen Cuscutae, big luxuriant garden heliotrope, Grass of meadow rue, Mang ox seedling, safflower sanicle, folding branch lucid asparagus, siphonstegia chinensis, extra large silkweed, black algae, hair obstruct Gagea lufen (L.) ker- Gawl, sparsely grow fragrant-flowered garlic, sand Fritillaria, Longstamen Onion Bulb, roe hair, three-awn, hispid arthraxon, Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) Tanaka, yellow bluestem, Chloris virgata, grow thickly hidden sub- grass, pricklegrass, sandbur, horse Tang, barnyard grass, herba eleusines indicae, Hemarthria compressa, hat Chinese silvergrass, sugarcane, green bristlegrass bamboo, corn, sorghum, grain, wild broomcorn millet, big broomcorn millet, Chinese pennisetum, herba setariae viridis, sweet tea Napier grass, hybrid giant napier, Jujun grasses, pricklegrass, Mao Xiang, Herba Themedae japonicae, herba eragrostidis pilosae, sand-binding grass, Bermuda grass, prickle grass, awns, sharp bran grass, The raw Ravenna grass of sand, common apluda leaf, Mao Yingcao, carpetweed, tall grama, Ba Lacao, ring grass, buffalograss, kachi grass, Wei thatch, double brans be careless, Curved fringe grass, oily awns, francolin grass, involucre grass, Jin Mao, nine top grass, true fringe grass, ear bran grass, light bran vanilla, cogongrass, purple Indian dropseed herb, rice Careless, big clever grass, tail bran grass, Herba Stenotaphri helferi, careless clam worm, vetiver, Korea lawn grass, muhly, false Herba Herminii Lancei, Herba Herminii Lancei, ditch millet, thatch Root, rough melic herb, globose phaenosperma herb, molasses grass, Rottboellia exaltata L. F, pseudo- Stipa capillata, capsule grain husk grass, tiltedly palpus Schizachyrium scoparium, reed, ditch clever grass, millet, coix lacryma-jobi.

5. according to claim 1 with the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change, characterized in that the plant is sealed up for safekeeping Control carbon emissions, including " application envelope carbon ", " using envelope carbon ", " molding envelope carbon ", " landfill envelope carbon ".

6. according to claim 1 with the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change, this method is included in desert areas With the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change, characterized in that method includes the following steps:

(1) 100~500 mm of annual precipitation, year is selected to grow 3000~4500 DEG C of accumulated temperature, 8~13 DEG C of year-round average temperature, Nian According to the desert areas of 2200~2600 h of amount；

(2) the C4 plant for selecting sand-binding grass, Sha Peng, puncture vine, husky honey raisin tree, haloxylon persicum to cultivate as desert areas；

(3) stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent 3~5:8~10:1 by volume ~3:0.1~0.2 is mixed, and adds water and stirs, C4 plant cultivation media is prepared under conditions of humidity 40%~60%, shape is straight The cylinder of 10~20 cm of diameter, high 20~30 cm；

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 planting hole is at least reserved in matrix；It sows hole area and is greater than 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm；

(4) when daily mean temperature reaches 5 DEG C or more, at sand-binding grass, Sha Peng, puncture vine, husky honey raisin tree, H. persicum seeds Reason filters out healthy and strong seed；After selecting two or more seed any combination, 1:2~3 are mixed by volume with planting soil, add water It is tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2, makes have 4~8 C4 vegetable seeds in each planting hole；

Kind of a plant hole is excavated by 1~2 m × 1 of seeding row spacing~2 m in sand ground, water is injected in kind of plant hole, then cultivation matrix is broadcast Kind hole is embedded in sand ground upward, covers the fine sand of 1~2 cm above；

After emergence 2~3 weeks, to reseeding for C4 plant is not grown, until emergence rate reaches 80% or more；

(5) after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, C4 herbaceous plant aerial part is embedded in sand ground and is sealed up for safekeeping, control carbon emissions.

7. it is half-dried that this method is included in arid according to claim 1 with the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in drought-hit area domain, characterized in that method includes the following steps:

(1) 100~500 mm of annual precipitation, year is selected to grow 1500~3500 DEG C of accumulated temperature, 2~8 DEG C, year sunshine of year-round average temperature Measure the arid and semi-arid region of 2200~3400 h；

(2) three-awn, hat Chinese silvergrass, herba eragrostidis pilosae, lice grass, prickle grass, Chloris virgata, Artemisia scoparia, salsola collina, Herba Salsolae Ruthenicae, mist ice are selected C4 plant of the Chenopodiaceae as arid and semi-arid Regional cultivation；

(3) stalk is ground into 1~5cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent by volume 3~5:6~8:2~ 3:0.1~0.2 is mixed, and is added water and stirred, and is prepared into C4 plant cultivation media under conditions of humidity 40%~60%, and shape is 10~ 20 cm × 10~20 cm are rectangular, 5~15 cm of thickness；

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 planting hole is at least reserved in matrix；It sows hole area and is greater than 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm；

(4) when earth's surface mean temperature reaches 2 DEG C or more, to three-awn, hat Chinese silvergrass, herba eragrostidis pilosae, lice grass, prickle grass, Chloris virgata, Artemisia scoparia, salsola collina, Herba Salsolae Ruthenicae, mist ice Chenopodiaceae seed are handled, and healthy and strong seed is filtered out；Select any group of two or more seeds After conjunction, 1:2~3 are mixed by volume with planting soil, and water is added to be tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2, makes There are 4~6 C4 vegetable seeds in each planting hole；

Kind of a plant hole is excavated by 0.5~1 × 0.5~1 m of seeding row spacing in wasteland, injects water in kind of plant hole, then by cultivation matrix Planting hole is buried in the earth upward, covers the fine earth of 1~2 cm above；

After emergence 1~2 week, to reseeding for C4 plant is not grown, until emergence rate reaches 90% or more；

(5) after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, withered and yellow aerial part is cradled；It ditches C4 herbaceous plant on the ground along contour It is partly embedded into soil and seals up for safekeeping, control carbon emissions.

8. according to claim 1 with the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change, this method is included in varieties in saline-alkali areas The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in domain, characterized in that method includes the following steps:

(1) 400~800 mm of annual precipitation, year is selected to grow 1500~3500 DEG C, year aridity 1~1.5 of accumulated temperature, annual mean temperature Spend the salt-soda soil region of 2~8 DEG C, year sunshine amount, 2200~3400 h；

(2) the C4 plant that hieracioides, alkali wormwood artemisia, alkali are fluffy, mist ice Chenopodiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, roe hair are as salt-soda soil Regional cultivation is selected saline land；

(3) stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, humic acid by weight 10~20:10~ 30:20~30:0.1~0.2 is mixed into C4 plant cultivation media；

(4) soil is ploughed deeply, is dug trenches to drain the water away, soil capillary is cut off；

When earth's surface mean temperature reaches 5 DEG C or more, to saline land hieracioides, alkali wormwood artemisia, alkali is fluffy, mist ice Chenopodiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, roe hair seed carry out Processing filters out healthy and strong seed, selects two or more seed any combination；

It after cultivation matrix is mixed with C4 vegetable seeds, is sown on salt-soda soil, cultivation matrix dosage is 2~5 t per acre, per acre Sowing quantity is 1~1.5 kg；

The seedling thinning when seedling grows 4~6 true leaves, seeding row spacing are 5~10 cm；

(5) it after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, cradles withered and yellow aerial part and is buried in the earth and seal up for safekeeping, control carbon emissions.

9. according to claim 1 with the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change, this method is included in Karst Area The method that Global climate change is coped with C4 plant in domain, characterized in that method includes the following steps:

(1) 800 mm or more of annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity is selected to be less than 800mm, year aridity 1~1.5, grow accumulated temperature 4000 in year ~8000 DEG C, the Karst Regional of 13~20 DEG C, year sunshine amount of year-round average temperature, 1200~2200 h；

(2) the C4 plant for selecting common evolvulus herb, prickle grass, ditch millet, herba eleusines indicae, herba eragrostidis pilosae to cultivate as Karst Regional；

(3) stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, is mixed with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer by weight 1~3:1~3:2~3 At cultivation matrix；It adds water and stirs, C4 plant cultivation media is prepared under conditions of humidity 40%~60%, shape is 30~50 Cm × 30~50 cm are rectangular, 5~10 cm of thickness；

When cultivation matrix forms, planting hole is reserved in stromal surface by 5~10 cm × 5~10 cm；It sows hole area and is greater than 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm；

(4) the scrappy stone in slope is piled up in the lower section of slope surface, hillside fields is changed to terraced fields；Reservoir is built according to landform, Rainwater is reduced to wash away surface soil；

When earth's surface mean temperature reaches 5 DEG C or more, at common evolvulus herb, prickle grass, ditch millet, herba eleusines indicae, thrush grass seed Reason filters out healthy and strong seed；After selecting two or more seed any combination, 1:2~3 are mixed by volume with planting soil, add water It is tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2, makes have 4~6 C4 vegetable seeds in each planting hole；

Upward, cultivation base mass is lain in the soil put in order for planting hole；When moistening cultivation matrix with water-wet, water mistake is prevented Greatly, the seed in planting hole is washed away；

(5) it after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, cradles withered and yellow aerial part and is processed into various carbon products and seal up for safekeeping, control carbon is released It puts.

10. according to claim 1 with the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change, this method is included in coastal region With the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change, characterized in that method includes the following steps:

(1) it selects 800 mm or more of annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity to be less than 800mm, year aridity and grows accumulated temperature 8000 less than 1, year DEG C or more, 20 DEG C of year-round average temperature or more, the coastal region of 1100~2100 h of year sunshine amount；

(2) the C4 plant that selective radiation conferted sawgrass herb, beach Sha, the beach root of Beijing euphorbia, big luxuriant garden heliotrope are cultivated as coastal region；

(3) stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, is mixed with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer by weight 3~5:3~5:1~3 At cultivation matrix；Add water and stir, be prepared into C4 plant cultivation media under conditions of humidity 40%~60%, shape be diameter 5~ The cylinder of 15 cm, high 10~15 cm；

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 planting hole is reserved in stromal surface；It sows hole area and is greater than 4 cm², deep 1~2 cm；

(4) when earth's surface mean temperature reaches 10 DEG C or more, to radiation conferted sawgrass herb, beach Sha, the beach root of Beijing euphorbia, big luxuriant garden heliotrope kind Son is handled, and healthy and strong seed is filtered out；After selecting two or more seed any combination, 1:2~3 are mixed by volume with planting soil It closes, water is added to be tuned into mud；Then mud is dripped at each planting hole midpoint 1~2, makes have 4~6 C4 plant species in each planting hole Son；

Planting hole upward, by 50~150 cm × 50 of seeding row spacing~150 cm transplants cultivation base mass to the sand ground of seashore；

(5) after autumn C4, herbaceous plant was withered and yellow, withered and yellow aerial part is cradled, various carbon products is processed into and seals up for safekeeping, controls carbon Release.

11. this method is included in wasteland utilization according to claim 1 with the method for C4 plant reply Global climate change The method of C4 plant reply Global climate change, characterized in that method includes the following steps:

(1) it selects 800 mm or more of annual precipitation, year evaporation capacity to be less than 800mm, year aridity and grows accumulated temperature 4000 less than 1, year ~8000 DEG C, 13~20 DEG C of year-round average temperature or more, the hilly and mountainous land of 1200~2200 h of year sunshine amount；

(2) the C4 plant for selecting sweet tea napier grass, hybrid giant napier, Jujun grasses to cultivate as wasteland；

(3) stalk is ground into 1~5 cm long, with planting soil, decomposed organic fertilizer, pulverized limestone by weight 20~30:30~ 50:5~10:0.5~1 is mixed into cultivation matrix；It adds water and stirs, is prepared into C4 plant culture under conditions of humidity 40%~60% Matrix, shape are the cylinder of 10~15 cm of diameter, high 10~15 cm；

When cultivation matrix forms, 1 3~5 cm of diameter, the planting hole of deep 5~10 cm are reserved in column top；

(4) sundries on hilly and mountainous land is removed, is leveled land, is built gutter, reservoir according to topography, establish growing area；

When spring temperature reaches 10 DEG C or more, it is full, strong that bud eye is chosen from 6 more than monthly age sweet tea napier grasses, hybrid giant napier, Jujun grasses Health, the stalk of no disease and pests harm are kind of a section, and segment is cut into before sowing, and every section retains 1 section, and the stalk of 1~2 cm long, section are stayed on section Under stay the stalk of 3~5 cm long, guarantee that notch is neat, each section has 1 or more axillary bud；

Kind of a section axillary bud is inserted into upward in the planting hole of cultivation matrix, is filled up between kind section and cultivation matrix with thin planting soil, armpit The a little higher than cultivation matrix in bud position；

After cultivating 20~30 d under warm, wet condition, then by seedling together with cultivation matrix, by 50~150 cm of seeding row spacing × 50~150 cm are transplanted to growing area；

(5) according to needs are sealed up for safekeeping, C4 herbaceous plant is cradled in due course, various carbon products is processed into and seals up for safekeeping, control carbon emissions.