CN108976573A - 光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料 - Google Patents
光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种不仅具有耐高温、耐臭氧、耐候和耐紫外线的特性，而且具有阻燃性能好、对环境和人体无危害的光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料，00份乙烯‑醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，添加20‑25份低密度聚乙烯、40‑50份氢氧化铝、11‑12份碳酸钙镁、6‑8份偶联剂与交联剂、15‑18份相容剂、1‑2份抗氧剂、1‑2份润滑剂和2‑3份稳定剂。优点：一是光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料克服了传统PVC护套料对环境和人体的危害，无毒绿色环保；二是耐高温、耐臭氧、耐候和耐紫外线，阻燃性能好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种不仅具有耐高温、耐臭氧、耐候和耐紫外线的特性，而且具有阻燃性能好、对环境和人体无危害的光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料，属无卤护套制造领域。
背景技术
在本申请在先专利申请CN 106496754A、名称“光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料”的基础上，通过对成分配比的进一步优化，使绝缘性、耐候性、耐温性和阻燃性得到了根本性的提高。
发明内容
设计目的：在背景技术的基础上，通过对各组份配比的优化得到一个具有高阻燃性、耐高温、耐臭氧、耐候和紫外线耐受性强的光伏电缆专用的护套料。
设计方案：为了实现上述设计目的。本发明采用乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物和低密度聚乙烯粒料、氢氧化铝阻燃剂以及其他助剂按照一定配比混炼设计的目的在于：1、所制得的光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟绝缘层在经过180℃/168h热老化后断裂伸长率保留率仍可达到80%。温度升高，高分子链的运动加剧，一旦超过化学键的离解能，就会引起高分子链的热降解或基团脱落，为了控制降解速率，本发明增加高效的抗氧剂的量，有效地减缓了聚合物材料在长期老化过程中的热氧化降解，使其稳定剂得到了根本性的提高同时，又改善聚合物材料在高温加工条件下的耐变色性。通过阿累尼乌斯公式推算，该无卤阻燃绝缘料挤出制成的光伏电缆绝缘层在125℃使用寿命可达25年以上。基料通过与高效抗氧剂共同作用对绝缘材料进行有效防护，提高了材料的耐臭氧、耐候和耐直流电压性能。2、在上述的光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟绝缘料中，通过增加硬脂酸铝和微晶石蜡混合物的量，两者配合比例硬脂酸铝：微晶石蜡=1:1两种润滑剂兼具内外润滑作用，少量可以进入高分子化合物的分子链之间，削弱高分子链间的相互作用力，引起滑动和旋转，同时又不过分降低高分子化合物的玻璃化温度，其余则附着在熔体或加工机械、模具的表面，形成润滑界面，降低熔体与加工机械之间的摩擦力。且该微晶石蜡的纯度较高，所以应用到本光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟绝缘料中会使其绝缘性能较好。3、精选了氢氧化铝和碳酸钙镁两种阻燃剂协同阻燃，在燃烧的初期阶段，氢氧化铝吸热并释放气体，燃烧后期，碳酸钙镁通过释放二氧化碳对燃烧火焰起到稀释作用有效降低了传递到聚合物的热量，最后形成有强度的增强型灰烬，使本发明材料具有很高的阻燃效果，材料阻燃等级达到V-0级。4、在上述的光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟绝缘料中，所述的稳定剂由以下成分组成：2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物和2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮，两者配合比例2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物：2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮=1:1。两种稳定剂协同作用时，能强烈地选择性吸收高能量的紫外线，并进行能量转换，以热能形式或无害的低能辐射将能量释放或消耗，从而极大地减缓了材料的光降解作用，而高分子增容剂添加量的设计，是通过无数次的试验得出，它能使两种聚合物间粘接力增大，形成稳定的结构，使分散相和连续相均匀，起到降低界面张力、增加界面层厚度、降低分散粒子尺寸的作用，使体系最终形成具有宏观均匀微观相分离特征的热力学稳定的相态结构。
技术方案：一种光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料，其特征是重量份：100份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，添加20-25份低密度聚乙烯、40-50份氢氧化铝、11-12份碳酸钙镁、6-8份聚醚改性有机硅烷、15-18份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐、1-2份多酚类抗氧剂、1-2份由硬脂酸铝和微晶石蜡的混合物构成润滑剂和2-3份由2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物和2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮复配的稳定剂。
所述的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中的醋酸乙烯含量为45%-50%，最好大于50%；偶联剂和交联剂为聚醚改性有机硅烷；相容剂为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐；抗氧剂为多酚类抗氧剂1010；润滑剂为硬脂酸铝和微晶石蜡的混合物；稳定剂为2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物和2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮的复配物；辐照源为高能电子束，辐照剂量为50-200kGy。
本发明与背景技术相比，一是无毒绿色环保；二是护套料具有耐高温、耐臭氧、耐候和耐紫外线性好的特点，二是所制的护套使用寿命长，比同类产品的寿命延长30%以上，且阻燃性能好。
具体实施方式
实施例1：一种光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料，重量份：100份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，添加20-25份低密度聚乙烯、40-50份氢氧化铝、11-12份碳酸钙镁、6-8份聚醚改性有机硅烷、15-18份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐、1-2份多酚类抗氧剂、1-2份由硬脂酸铝和微晶石蜡的混合物构成润滑剂和2-3份由2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物和2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮复配的稳定剂。
实施例2：在实施例1的基础上，100份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，添加23份低密度聚乙烯、49份氢氧化铝、11.5份碳酸钙镁、7份聚醚改性有机硅烷、17份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐、1.6份多酚类抗氧剂、1.5份由硬脂酸铝和微晶石蜡的混合物构成润滑剂和2.3份由2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物和2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮复配的稳定剂。
实施例3：一种光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料，重量份：100份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，添加22份低密度聚乙烯、43份氢氧化铝、12份碳酸钙镁、8份聚醚改性有机硅烷、18份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐、1份多酚类抗氧剂、2份由硬脂酸铝和微晶石蜡的混合物构成润滑剂和3份由2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物和2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮复配的稳定剂。
实施例4：一种光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料，重量份：100份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，添加25份低密度聚乙烯、50份氢氧化铝、11份碳酸钙镁、6份聚醚改性有机硅烷、15份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐、2份多酚类抗氧剂、1份由硬脂酸铝和微晶石蜡的混合物构成润滑剂和2份由2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物和2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮复配的稳定剂。
实施例5：一种光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料，重量份：100份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，添加20份低密度聚乙烯、40份氢氧化铝、11.5份碳酸钙镁、6.8份聚醚改性有机硅烷、16份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐、1.8份多酚类抗氧剂、1.9份由硬脂酸铝和微晶石蜡的混合物构成润滑剂和2.6份由2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物和2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮复配的稳定剂。
实施例7：在上述实施例的基础上，取乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，低密度聚乙烯，氢氧化铝阻燃剂，碳酸钙镁阻燃剂，偶联剂与交联剂聚醚改性有机硅烷，相容剂乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐，抗氧剂1010，润滑剂硬脂酸铝/微晶石蜡=1/1，稳定剂2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物/2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮=1/1，辐照剂量为150--200kGy，混炼机混炼，混炼时间为15-29分钟，混炼机的加热温度为150-200℃，螺杆转速为50-80rpm；样品压片后再进行高能电子束辐照，辐照剂量为50-200kGy；最终制得本发明所述的光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料，其光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料的拉伸强度大于9.0MPa，断裂伸长率大于175%。
需要理解到的是：上述实施例虽然对本发明的设计思路作了比较详细的文字描述，但是这些文字描述，只是对本发明设计思路的简单文字描述，而不是对本发明设计思路的限制，任何不超出本发明设计思路的组合、增加或修改，均落入本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (2)
1.一种光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料，其特征是重量份：100份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，添加20-25份低密度聚乙烯、40-50份氢氧化铝、11-12份碳酸钙镁、6-8份聚醚改性有机硅烷、15-18份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐、1-2份多酚类抗氧剂、1-2份由硬脂酸铝和微晶石蜡的混合物构成润滑剂和2-3份由2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物和2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮复配的稳定剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光伏电缆用辐照交联无卤低烟护套料，其特征是：100份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物，添加23份低密度聚乙烯、49份氢氧化铝、11.5份碳酸钙镁、7份聚醚改性有机硅烷、17份乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐、1.6份多酚类抗氧剂、1.5份由硬脂酸铝和微晶石蜡的混合物构成润滑剂和2.3份由2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮的衍生物和2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮复配的稳定剂。。
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