CN108900169A - A kind of Hall amplifier - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种霍尔放大器，包括与电源连接的霍尔板，第一放大器，第二放大器，第三放大器，反馈模块，本发明将霍尔板输出的霍尔电压信号经第一放大器及第三放大器放大后生成的输出信号，经反馈模块反馈至第二放大器，以保证第二放大器的输出信号与第一放大器的输出信号大小相等、极性相反，并将第二放大器产生的输出信号和第一放大器产生的输出信号进行求和，求和后的两路输出信号再经第三放大器放大后输出，从而实现对霍尔电压信号的精准放大，操作简便。
The invention discloses a Hall amplifier, which includes a Hall plate connected to a power supply, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier, and a feedback module. In the present invention, the Hall voltage signal output by the Hall plate is passed through the first amplifier. And the output signal generated by the third amplifier is fed back to the second amplifier through the feedback module to ensure that the output signal of the second amplifier is equal in magnitude and opposite in polarity to the output signal of the first amplifier, and the output signal generated by the second amplifier The signal and the output signal generated by the first amplifier are summed, and the summed two-way output signal is then amplified by the third amplifier and output, so as to realize the accurate amplification of the Hall voltage signal, and the operation is simple.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及放大器领域，特别是涉及一种霍尔放大器。The invention relates to the field of amplifiers, in particular to a Hall amplifier.
背景技术Background technique
在霍尔电压信号的放大环境中，由于霍尔电压信号非常弱小、同时又伴随着许多噪声，如何能有效地检测、并放大出霍尔电压信号尤为关键，这对放大器结构要求很高。In the amplifying environment of the Hall voltage signal, since the Hall voltage signal is very weak and accompanied by a lot of noise, how to effectively detect and amplify the Hall voltage signal is particularly critical, which requires a high level of amplifier structure.
目前，常见的霍尔放大器采用的是参照图1所示的仪表放大器结构，包括霍尔板01，运算放大器OPA1，运算放大器OPA2，运算放大器OPA3，第一电阻，第二电阻直至第七电阻，第一电阻记为R0，第二电阻和第三电阻相同，均记为R01，第四电阻和第五电阻相同，均记为R02，第六电阻和第七电阻相同，均记为R03，霍尔电压信号(也即输入电压)记为Vin，输出电压信号(也即输出电压)记为Vout，在上述结构下，其输出电压与输入电压的关系式为为了调整霍尔放大器的放大倍数(即调整电压灵敏度)，需要调整上述电阻，如果调整电阻R0，或同步调整两个电阻R02，不能实现线性调整放大精度，影响霍尔放大器的量产，如果同步调整两个电阻R01或两个电阻R03，需要同时改变两个电阻，操作较复杂，且在调整过程中易造成第三放大器的同相输入端的输入电压信号和反相输入端的输入电压信号大小不等等情况，影响霍尔放大器的输出性能。At present, the common Hall amplifier adopts the instrumentation amplifier structure shown in Figure 1, including Hall plate 01, operational amplifier OPA 1 , operational amplifier OPA 2 , operational amplifier OPA 3 , the first resistor, the second resistor until the second Seven resistors, the first resistor is marked as R 0 , the second resistor is the same as the third resistor, both are marked as R 01 , the fourth resistor is the same as the fifth resistor, both are marked as R 02 , the sixth resistor is the same as the seventh resistor, Both are recorded as R 03 , the Hall voltage signal (that is, the input voltage) is recorded as Vin , and the output voltage signal (that is, the output voltage) is recorded as V out . Under the above structure, the relationship between the output voltage and the input voltage is In order to adjust the magnification of the Hall amplifier (that is, to adjust the voltage sensitivity), it is necessary to adjust the above resistors. If the resistor R 0 is adjusted, or the two resistors R 02 are adjusted synchronously, the linear adjustment of the amplification accuracy cannot be achieved, which will affect the mass production of the Hall amplifier. If two resistors R 01 or two resistors R 03 are adjusted synchronously, the two resistors need to be changed at the same time, the operation is more complicated, and it is easy to cause the input voltage signal of the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier and the input voltage of the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier during the adjustment process. The signal size is different, which affects the output performance of the Hall amplifier.
因此，如何提供一种解决上述技术问题的方案是本领域技术人员目前需要解决的问题。Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problems is a problem that those skilled in the art need to solve at present.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种霍尔放大器，将霍尔板输出的霍尔电压信号经第一放大器及第三放大器放大后生成的输出信号，经反馈模块反馈至第二放大器，以保证第二放大器的输出信号与第一放大器的输出信号大小相等、极性相反，并将第二放大器产生的输出信号和第一放大器产生的输出信号进行求和，求和后的两路输出信号再经第三放大器放大后输出，从而实现对霍尔电压信号的精准放大，操作简便。The object of the present invention is to provide a Hall amplifier, the output signal generated by the Hall voltage signal output by the Hall plate is amplified by the first amplifier and the third amplifier, and fed back to the second amplifier through the feedback module to ensure the second The output signal of the amplifier is equal in size and opposite in polarity to the output signal of the first amplifier, and the output signal generated by the second amplifier and the output signal generated by the first amplifier are summed, and the two output signals after the summation are passed through the second The three amplifiers are amplified and output, so as to realize the precise amplification of the Hall voltage signal, and the operation is easy.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种霍尔放大器，包括与电源连接的霍尔板，第一放大器，第二放大器，第三放大器，反馈模块，其中：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a Hall amplifier, including a Hall plate connected to a power supply, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier, and a feedback module, wherein:
所述霍尔板的第一输出端与所述第一放大器的同相输入端连接，所述霍尔板的第二输出端与所述第一放大器的反相输入端连接，所述第一放大器的同相输出端分别与所述第二放大器的同相输出端及所述第三放大器的同相输入端连接，所述第一放大器的反相输出端分别与所述第二放大器的反相输出端及所述第三放大器的反相输入端连接，以便将所述第一放大器的同相输出端的输出信号与所述第二放大器的同相输出端的输出信号进行求和后再输出至所述第三放大器的同相输入端，同时将所述第一放大器的反相输出端的输出信号与所述第二放大器的反相输出端的输出信号进行求和后再输出至所述第三放大器的反相输入端；The first output end of the Hall plate is connected to the non-inverting input end of the first amplifier, the second output end of the Hall plate is connected to the inverting input end of the first amplifier, and the first amplifier The non-inverting output terminal of the second amplifier is respectively connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the third amplifier and the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier, and the inverting output terminal of the first amplifier is respectively connected to the inverting output terminal of the second amplifier and the inverting output terminal of the third amplifier. The inverting input terminal of the third amplifier is connected so that the output signal of the non-inverting output terminal of the first amplifier and the output signal of the non-inverting output terminal of the second amplifier are summed and then output to the output signal of the third amplifier. a non-inverting input terminal, simultaneously summing the output signal of the inverting output terminal of the first amplifier and the output signal of the inverting output terminal of the second amplifier and then outputting to the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier;
所述第三放大器的输出端与所述反馈模块的输入端连接，所述反馈模块的第一输出端和所述第二放大器的反相输入端连接，所述反馈模块的第二输出端与所述第二放大器的同相输入端连接，所述反馈模块，用于根据所述输出信号的求和结果调整所述第二放大器的输出信号，使所述第三放大器同相输入端的输入信号与其反相输入端的输入信号大小相等、极性相反。The output terminal of the third amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the feedback module, the first output terminal of the feedback module is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second amplifier, and the second output terminal of the feedback module is connected to the The non-inverting input terminal of the second amplifier is connected, and the feedback module is used to adjust the output signal of the second amplifier according to the summation result of the output signals, so that the input signal of the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier is reversed. The input signals at the phase inputs are equal in magnitude and opposite in polarity.
优选的，所述第一放大器为第一跨导放大器，所述第二放大器为第二跨导放大器；Preferably, the first amplifier is a first transconductance amplifier, and the second amplifier is a second transconductance amplifier;
则该霍尔放大器还包括第一电阻和第二电阻，其中：Then the Hall amplifier also includes a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein:
所述第一电阻的第一端与所述第一跨导放大器的反相输出端连接，所述第二电阻的第一端与所述第二跨导放大器的同相输出端连接，所述第一电阻的第二端及所述第二电阻的第二端均与地或直流电源连接。The first end of the first resistor is connected to the inverting output end of the first transconductance amplifier, the first end of the second resistor is connected to the non-inverting output end of the second transconductance amplifier, and the first end of the second resistor is connected to the non-inverting output end of the second transconductance amplifier. Both the second end of the first resistor and the second end of the second resistor are connected to the ground or the DC power supply.
优选的，所述反馈模块包括第三电阻，第四电阻，分别与所述第三电阻和所述第四电阻连接、用于获取所述第三电阻的端电压及所述第四电阻的端电压、还用于调整所述第三电阻的阻值及所述第四电阻的阻值的管理单元，其中：Preferably, the feedback module includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor, respectively connected to the third resistor and the fourth resistor, and used to obtain the terminal voltage of the third resistor and the terminal voltage of the fourth resistor. voltage, and a management unit for adjusting the resistance value of the third resistor and the resistance value of the fourth resistor, wherein:
所述第三电阻的第一端作为所述反馈模块的输入端，所述第三电阻的第二端分别与所述第四电阻的第一端及所述第二放大器的反相输入端连接，所述第四电阻的第二端与所述第二放大器的同相输入端连接。The first end of the third resistor is used as the input end of the feedback module, and the second end of the third resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the fourth resistor and the inverting input end of the second amplifier , the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the non-inverting input end of the second amplifier.
优选的，所述第一跨导放大器包括第一晶体管，第二晶体管，第三晶体管，第四晶体管，第五电阻，所述第二跨导放大器包括第五晶体管，第六晶体管，第七晶体管，第八晶体管，第六电阻，其中：Preferably, the first transconductance amplifier includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, and a fifth resistor, and the second transconductance amplifier includes a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, and a seventh transistor , the eighth transistor, the sixth resistor, where:
所述第一晶体管的控制端作为所述第一跨导放大器的同相输入端，所述第二晶体管的控制端作为所述第一跨导放大器的反相输入端，所述第一晶体管的第二端分别与所述第五电阻的第一端及所述第三晶体管的第一端连接，所述第二晶体管的第二端分别与所述第五电阻的第二端及所述第四晶体管的第一端连接，所述第一晶体管的第一端分别与电源模块及所述第三晶体管的控制端连接，所述第三晶体管的第二端作为所述第一跨导放大器的反相输出端，所述第二晶体管的第一端分别与所述电源模块及所述第四晶体管的控制端连接，所述第四晶体管的第二端作为所述第一跨导放大器的同相输出端；The control terminal of the first transistor is used as the non-inverting input terminal of the first transconductance amplifier, the control terminal of the second transistor is used as the inverting input terminal of the first transconductance amplifier, and the second transistor of the first transistor is used as the inverting input terminal of the first transconductance amplifier. The two terminals are respectively connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor and the first terminal of the third transistor, and the second terminal of the second transistor is respectively connected to the second terminal of the fifth resistor and the fourth transistor. The first end of the transistor is connected, and the first end of the first transistor is respectively connected to the power module and the control end of the third transistor, and the second end of the third transistor is used as the inverse of the first transconductance amplifier. Phase output terminal, the first terminal of the second transistor is respectively connected to the control terminal of the power module and the fourth transistor, and the second terminal of the fourth transistor is used as the non-inverting output of the first transconductance amplifier end;
所述第五晶体管的控制端作为所述第二跨导放大器的同相输入端，所述第六晶体管的控制端作为所述第二跨导放大器的反相输入端，所述第五晶体管的第二端分别与所述第六电阻的第一端及所述第七晶体管的第一端连接，所述第六晶体管的第二端分别与所述第六电阻的第二端及所述第八晶体管的第一端连接，所述第五晶体管的第一端分别与电源模块及所述第七晶体管的控制端连接，所述第七晶体管的第二端作为所述第二跨导放大器的反相输出端，所述第六晶体管的第一端分别与所述电源模块及所述第八晶体管的控制端连接，所述第八晶体管的第二端作为所述第二跨导放大器的同相输出端。The control terminal of the fifth transistor is used as the non-inverting input terminal of the second transconductance amplifier, the control terminal of the sixth transistor is used as the inverting input terminal of the second transconductance amplifier, and the first transconductance amplifier of the fifth transistor is used as the inverting input terminal. The two terminals are respectively connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor and the first terminal of the seventh transistor, and the second terminal of the sixth transistor is respectively connected to the second terminal of the sixth resistor and the eighth transistor. The first end of the transistor is connected, the first end of the fifth transistor is respectively connected to the power module and the control end of the seventh transistor, and the second end of the seventh transistor is used as the inverse of the second transconductance amplifier. Phase output terminal, the first terminal of the sixth transistor is respectively connected to the control terminal of the power module and the eighth transistor, and the second terminal of the eighth transistor is used as the non-inverting output of the second transconductance amplifier end.
优选的，所述第一跨导放大器包括第九晶体管，第十晶体管，第十一晶体管，第十二晶体管，第七电阻，所述第二跨导放大器包括第十三晶体管，第十四晶体管，第十五晶体管，第十六晶体管，第八电阻，其中：Preferably, the first transconductance amplifier includes a ninth transistor, a tenth transistor, an eleventh transistor, a twelfth transistor, and a seventh resistor, and the second transconductance amplifier includes a thirteenth transistor and a fourteenth transistor , the fifteenth transistor, the sixteenth transistor, the eighth resistor, wherein:
所述第十一晶体管的控制端作为所述第一跨导放大器的同相输入端，所述第十二晶体管的控制端作为所述第一跨导放大器的反相输入端，所述第十一晶体管的第一端与所述第九晶体管的控制端连接，所述第十一晶体管的第二端分别与所述第九晶体管的第一端、所述第七电阻的第一端及所述电源模块连接，所述第九晶体管的第二端作为所述第一跨导放大器的反相输出端，所述第十二晶体管的第二端分别与所述第七电阻的第二端、所述电源模块及所述第十晶体管的第一端连接，所述第十二晶体管的第一端与所述第十晶体管的控制端连接，所述第十晶体管的第二端作为所述第一跨导放大器的同相输出端；The control terminal of the eleventh transistor is used as the non-inverting input terminal of the first transconductance amplifier, the control terminal of the twelfth transistor is used as the inverting input terminal of the first transconductance amplifier, and the eleventh transistor is used as the inverting input terminal of the first transconductance amplifier. The first terminal of the transistor is connected to the control terminal of the ninth transistor, and the second terminal of the eleventh transistor is respectively connected to the first terminal of the ninth transistor, the first terminal of the seventh resistor and the The power module is connected, the second end of the ninth transistor is used as the inverting output end of the first transconductance amplifier, the second end of the twelfth transistor is respectively connected to the second end of the seventh resistor, the second end of the The first end of the power module and the tenth transistor is connected, the first end of the twelfth transistor is connected with the control end of the tenth transistor, and the second end of the tenth transistor is used as the first The non-inverting output terminal of the transconductance amplifier;
所述第十五晶体管的控制端作为所述第二跨导放大器的同相输入端，所述第十六晶体管的控制端作为所述第二跨导放大器的反相输入端，所述第十五晶体管的第一端与所述第十三晶体管的控制端连接，所述第十五晶体管的第二端分别与所述第十三晶体管的第一端、所述第八电阻的第一端及所述电源模块连接，所述第十三晶体管的第二端作为所述第二跨导放大器的反相输出端，所述第十六晶体管的第二端分别与所述第八电阻的第二端、所述电源模块及所述第十四晶体管的第一端连接，所述第十六晶体管的第一端与所述第十四晶体管的控制端连接，所述第十四晶体管的第二端作为所述第二跨导放大器的同相输出端。The control terminal of the fifteenth transistor is used as the non-inverting input terminal of the second transconductance amplifier, the control terminal of the sixteenth transistor is used as the inverting input terminal of the second transconductance amplifier, and the fifteenth transistor is used as the inverting input terminal of the second transconductance amplifier. The first end of the transistor is connected to the control end of the thirteenth transistor, and the second end of the fifteenth transistor is respectively connected to the first end of the thirteenth transistor, the first end of the eighth resistor, and the first end of the eighth resistor. The power module is connected, the second end of the thirteenth transistor is used as the inverting output end of the second transconductance amplifier, and the second end of the sixteenth transistor is respectively connected to the second end of the eighth resistor. end, the power module and the first end of the fourteenth transistor are connected, the first end of the sixteenth transistor is connected to the control end of the fourteenth transistor, and the second end of the fourteenth transistor terminal as the non-inverting output terminal of the second transconductance amplifier.
优选的，所述第一晶体管、所述第二晶体管、所述第五晶体管及所述第六晶体管均为NPN型三极管，其中：Preferably, the first transistor, the second transistor, the fifth transistor and the sixth transistor are all NPN transistors, wherein:
所述NPN型三极管的基极作为所述第一晶体管、所述第二晶体管、所述第五晶体管及所述第六晶体管的控制端，所述NPN型三极管的集电极作为所述第一晶体管、所述第二晶体管、所述第五晶体管及所述第六晶体管的第一端，所述NPN型三极管的发射极作为所述第一晶体管、所述第二晶体管、所述第五晶体管及所述第六晶体管的第二端；The base of the NPN transistor serves as the control terminal of the first transistor, the second transistor, the fifth transistor, and the sixth transistor, and the collector of the NPN transistor serves as the first transistor , the first terminals of the second transistor, the fifth transistor, and the sixth transistor, and the emitters of the NPN transistors serve as the first transistor, the second transistor, the fifth transistor, and a second terminal of the sixth transistor;
所述第三晶体管、所述第四晶体管、所述第七晶体管及所述第八晶体管均为PNP型三极管，其中：The third transistor, the fourth transistor, the seventh transistor and the eighth transistor are all PNP transistors, wherein:
所述PNP型三极管的基极作为所述第三晶体管、所述第四晶体管、所述第七晶体管及所述第八晶体管的控制端，所述PNP型三极管的集电极作为所述第三晶体管、所述第四晶体管、所述第七晶体管及所述第八晶体管的第一端，所述PNP型三极管的发射极作为所述第三晶体管、所述第四晶体管、所述第七晶体管及所述第八晶体管的第二端。The base of the PNP transistor is used as the control terminal of the third transistor, the fourth transistor, the seventh transistor and the eighth transistor, and the collector of the PNP transistor is used as the third transistor , the first terminals of the fourth transistor, the seventh transistor, and the eighth transistor, and the emitters of the PNP transistors serve as the third transistor, the fourth transistor, the seventh transistor, and the second terminal of the eighth transistor.
优选的，所述第九晶体管、所述第十晶体管、所述第十三晶体管及所述第十四晶体管均为PNP型三极管，其中：Preferably, the ninth transistor, the tenth transistor, the thirteenth transistor and the fourteenth transistor are all PNP transistors, wherein:
所述PNP型三极管的基极作为所述第九晶体管、所述第十晶体管、所述第十三晶体管及所述第十四晶体管的控制端，所述PNP型三极管的集电极作为所述第九晶体管、所述第十晶体管、所述第十三晶体管及所述第十四晶体管的第一端，所述PNP型三极管的发射极作为所述第九晶体管、所述第十晶体管、所述第十三晶体管及所述第十四晶体管的第二端；The base of the PNP transistor serves as the control terminal of the ninth transistor, the tenth transistor, the thirteenth transistor, and the fourteenth transistor, and the collector of the PNP transistor serves as the first Nine transistors, the tenth transistor, the thirteenth transistor, and the first end of the fourteenth transistor, the emitter of the PNP transistor serves as the ninth transistor, the tenth transistor, the a thirteenth transistor and a second terminal of the fourteenth transistor;
所述第十一晶体管、所述第十二晶体管、所述第十五晶体管及所述第十六晶体管均为NPN型三极管，其中：The eleventh transistor, the twelfth transistor, the fifteenth transistor and the sixteenth transistor are all NPN transistors, wherein:
所述NPN型三极管的基极作为所述第十一晶体管、所述第十二晶体管、所述第十五晶体管及所述第十六晶体管的控制端，所述NPN型三极管的集电极作为所述第十一晶体管、所述第十二晶体管、所述第十五晶体管及所述第十六晶体管的第一端，所述NPN型三极管的发射极作为所述第十一晶体管、所述第十二晶体管、所述第十五晶体管及所述第十六晶体管的第二端。The base of the NPN transistor serves as the control terminals of the eleventh transistor, the twelfth transistor, the fifteenth transistor, and the sixteenth transistor, and the collector of the NPN transistor serves as the The first terminal of the eleventh transistor, the twelfth transistor, the fifteenth transistor, and the sixteenth transistor, the emitter of the NPN transistor serves as the eleventh transistor, the first Second terminals of the twelve transistors, the fifteenth transistor, and the sixteenth transistor.
优选的，所述第三电阻中包括多个串联/并联的不同阻值的电阻。Preferably, the third resistor includes multiple series/parallel resistors with different resistances.
本发明提供了一种霍尔放大器，包括与电源连接的霍尔板，第一放大器，第二放大器，第三放大器，反馈模块，其中：霍尔板的第一输出端与第一放大器的同相输入端连接，霍尔板的第二输出端与第一放大器的反相输入端连接，第一放大器的同相输出端分别与第二放大器的同相输出端及第三放大器的同相输入端连接，第一放大器的反相输出端分别与第二放大器的反相输出端及第三放大器的反相输入端连接，以便将第一放大器的同相输出端的输出信号与第二放大器的同相输出端的输出信号进行求和后再输出至第三放大器的同相输入端，同时将第一放大器的反相输出端的输出信号与第二放大器的反相输出端的输出信号进行求和后再输出至第三放大器的反相输入端；第三放大器的输出端与反馈模块的输入端连接，反馈模块的第一输出端和第二放大器的反相输入端连接，反馈模块的第二输出端与第二放大器的同相输入端连接，反馈模块，用于根据输出信号的求和结果调整第二放大器的输出信号，使第三放大器同相输入端的输入信号与其反相输入端的输入信号大小相等、极性相反。The invention provides a Hall amplifier, comprising a Hall plate connected to a power supply, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier, and a feedback module, wherein: the first output terminal of the Hall plate is in phase with the first amplifier The input terminal is connected, the second output terminal of the Hall plate is connected with the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier, the non-inverting output terminal of the first amplifier is respectively connected with the non-inverting output terminal of the second amplifier and the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier, and the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier is respectively connected. The inverting output terminal of an amplifier is respectively connected with the inverting output terminal of the second amplifier and the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier, so that the output signal of the non-inverting output terminal of the first amplifier is connected with the output signal of the non-inverting output terminal of the second amplifier. The sum is then output to the non-inverting input of the third amplifier, and the output signal of the inverting output of the first amplifier and the output signal of the inverting output of the second amplifier are summed and then output to the inverting of the third amplifier Input terminal; the output terminal of the third amplifier is connected with the input terminal of the feedback module, the first output terminal of the feedback module is connected with the inverting input terminal of the second amplifier, and the second output terminal of the feedback module is connected with the non-inverting input terminal of the second amplifier The connection, the feedback module, is used to adjust the output signal of the second amplifier according to the summation result of the output signals, so that the input signal of the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier and the input signal of the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier are equal in magnitude and opposite in polarity.
可见，在实际应用中，采用本发明的方案，将霍尔板输出的霍尔电压信号经第一放大器及第三放大器放大后生成的输出信号，经反馈模块反馈至第二放大器，以保证第三放大器的同相输入端和反相输入端的输入电压信号大小相等、极性相反，并将第二放大器产生的输出信号和第一放大器产生的输出信号进行求和，求和后的两路输出信号再经第三放大器放大后输出，从而实现对霍尔电压信号的精准放大，操作简便。It can be seen that in practical applications, the solution of the present invention is adopted to amplify the output signal of the Hall voltage signal output by the Hall plate through the first amplifier and the third amplifier, and then feed back the output signal to the second amplifier through the feedback module to ensure that the first amplifier The input voltage signals of the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the three amplifiers are equal in magnitude and opposite in polarity, and the output signal generated by the second amplifier and the output signal generated by the first amplifier are summed, and the two output signals after summation Then it is amplified by the third amplifier and then output, so as to realize the precise amplification of the Hall voltage signal, and the operation is easy.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对现有技术和实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the prior art and the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为现有技术中的一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of Hall amplifier in the prior art;
图2为本发明所提供的一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of Hall amplifier provided by the present invention;
图3为本发明所提供的另一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the structural representation of another kind of Hall amplifier provided by the present invention;
图4为本发明所提供的另一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural representation of another kind of Hall amplifier provided by the present invention;
图5为本发明所提供的另一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another Hall amplifier provided by the present invention;
图6为本发明所提供的另一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another Hall amplifier provided by the present invention;
图7为本发明所提供的另一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another Hall amplifier provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明的核心是提供一种霍尔放大器，将霍尔板输出的霍尔电压信号经第一放大器及第三放大器放大后生成的输出信号，经反馈模块反馈至第二放大器，以保证第二放大器的输出信号与第一放大器的输出信号大小相等、极性相反，并将第二放大器产生的输出信号和第一放大器产生的输出信号进行求和，求和后的两路输出信号再经第三放大器放大后输出，从而实现对霍尔电压信号的精准放大，操作简便。The core of the present invention is to provide a Hall amplifier, the output signal generated by amplifying the Hall voltage signal output by the Hall plate through the first amplifier and the third amplifier is fed back to the second amplifier through the feedback module to ensure the second The output signal of the amplifier is equal in size and opposite in polarity to the output signal of the first amplifier, and the output signal generated by the second amplifier and the output signal generated by the first amplifier are summed, and the two output signals after the summation are passed through the second The three amplifiers are amplified and output, so as to realize the precise amplification of the Hall voltage signal, and the operation is easy.
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
请参照图2，图2为本发明所提供的一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图，包括：与电源连接的霍尔板1，第一放大器A1，第二放大器A2，第三放大器A3，反馈模块2，其中：Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a Hall amplifier provided by the present invention, including: a Hall plate 1 connected to a power supply, a first amplifier A 1 , a second amplifier A 2 , and a third amplifier A 3 , feedback module 2, where:
霍尔板1的第一输出端与第一放大器A1的同相输入端连接，霍尔板1的第二输出端与第一放大器A1的反相输入端连接，第一放大器A1的同相输出端分别与第二放大器A2的同相输出端及第三放大器A3的同相输入端连接，第一放大器A1的反相输出端分别与第二放大器A2的反相输出端及第三放大器A3的反相输入端连接，以便将第一放大器A1的同相输出端的输出信号与第二放大器A2的同相输出端的输出信号进行求和后再输出至第三放大器A3的同相输入端，同时将第一放大器A1的反相输出端的输出信号与第二放大器A2的反相输出端的输出信号进行求和后再输出至第三放大器A3的反相输入端；The first output terminal of the Hall plate 1 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier A1, the second output terminal of the Hall plate 1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier A1, and the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier A1 The output terminals are respectively connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the second amplifier A2 and the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier A3, and the inverting output terminal of the first amplifier A1 is respectively connected to the inverting output terminal of the second amplifier A2 and the third amplifier A3. The inverting input of amplifier A 3 is connected so that the output signal from the non-inverting output of the first amplifier A 1 is summed with the output signal from the non-inverting output of the second amplifier A 2 and output to the non-inverting input of the third amplifier A 3 terminal, simultaneously the output signal of the inverting output terminal of the first amplifier A1 and the output signal of the inverting output terminal of the second amplifier A2 are summed and then output to the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier A3;
第三放大器A3的输出端与反馈模块2的输入端连接，反馈模块2的第一输出端和第二放大器A2的反相输入端连接，反馈模块2的第二输出端与第二放大器A2的同相输入端连接，反馈模块2，用于根据输出信号的求和结果调整第二放大器A2的输出信号，使第三放大器A3同相输入端的输入信号与其反相输入端的输入信号大小相等、极性相反。The output end of the third amplifier A 3 is connected with the input end of the feedback module 2, the first output end of the feedback module 2 is connected with the inverting input end of the second amplifier A 2 , the second output end of the feedback module 2 is connected with the second amplifier The non-inverting input terminal of A 2 is connected to the feedback module 2, which is used to adjust the output signal of the second amplifier A 2 according to the summation result of the output signals, so that the input signal of the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier A 3 is equal to the input signal of the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier A 3 equal, opposite polarity.
具体的，霍尔板1输出霍尔电压信号Vin经过第一放大器A1产生的输出信号，与经过第三放大器A3及反馈模块2，再经过第二放大器A2产生的输出信号进行求和，求和产生的两路信号经过第三放大器A3放大后输出，以实现对霍尔电压信号Vin进行精准放大。Specifically, the Hall plate 1 outputs the Hall voltage signal V in through the output signal generated by the first amplifier A1, and the output signal generated by the third amplifier A3 and the feedback module 2 , and then through the second amplifier A2. and, the two-way signals generated by the summation are amplified by the third amplifier A 3 and then output, so as to realize accurate amplification of the Hall voltage signal V in .
具体的，第一放大器A1包括同相输入端、反向输入端、同相输出端和反相输出端，第一放大器A1的同相输入端和反相输入端分别和霍尔板1连接，用于接收霍尔电压信号，并对霍尔电压信号进行第一级放大，第二放大器A2包括同相输入端、反向输入端、同相输出端和反相输出端，第二放大器A2的同相输入端和反相输入端分别和反馈模块2连接，用于接收反馈模块2输出的电压信号，对第一放大器A1的同相输出端的输出信号及第二放大器A2同相输出端的输出信号进行求和，同时对第一放大器A1的反相输出端的输出信号和第二放大器A2的反相输出端的输出信号进行求和，反馈模块2根据两个放大器同相输出端的输出信号的求和结果及两个放大器反相输出端的输出信号的求和结果与预设条件进行比较，当求和结果不满足预设条件时，反馈模块2调整第二放大器A2输出端的输出信号的大小，以保证第三放大器A3的同相输入端的输入电压信号和反相输入端的输入电压信号大小相等，极性相反，且满足实际放大要求，可以理解的是，反馈模块2是实时反馈，可以根据第三放大器A3的输出端的输出电压信号实时调整第二放大器A2输出端的输出信号，使第三放大器A3的同相输入端和反向输入端的输入电压信号大小相等、极性相反，最终使第三放大器A3的输出端的静态输出电压保持不变。Specifically, the first amplifier A 1 includes a non-inverting input terminal, an inverting input terminal, a non-inverting output terminal and an inverting output terminal, and the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier A 1 are respectively connected to the Hall plate 1. To receive the Hall voltage signal and perform first-stage amplification on the Hall voltage signal, the second amplifier A 2 includes a non-inverting input terminal, an inverting input terminal, a non-inverting output terminal and an inverting output terminal, and the non-inverting output terminal of the second amplifier A 2 The input terminal and the inverting input terminal are respectively connected to the feedback module 2, and are used to receive the voltage signal output by the feedback module 2, and calculate the output signal of the non-inverting output terminal of the first amplifier A1 and the output signal of the non-inverting output terminal of the second amplifier A2. and, at the same time, the output signal of the inverting output terminal of the first amplifier A1 and the output signal of the inverting output terminal of the second amplifier A2 are summed, and the feedback module 2 is based on the summation result of the output signals of the non-inverting output terminals of the two amplifiers and The summation result of the output signals at the inverting output terminals of the two amplifiers is compared with the preset condition, and when the summation result does not meet the preset condition, the feedback module 2 adjusts the magnitude of the output signal at the output terminal of the second amplifier A2 to ensure that the first The input voltage signal of the non-inverting input terminal of the three amplifiers A3 and the input voltage signal of the inverting input terminal are equal in size and opposite in polarity, and meet the actual amplification requirements. It can be understood that the feedback module 2 is real-time feedback, which can be based on the third amplifier A The output voltage signal of the output terminal of 3 adjusts the output signal of the output terminal of the second amplifier A 2 in real time, so that the input voltage signals of the non-inverting input terminal and the reverse input terminal of the third amplifier A 3 are equal in magnitude and opposite in polarity, and finally the third amplifier A The quiescent output voltage at the output of 3 remains constant.
本发明提供了一种霍尔放大器，包括与电源连接的霍尔板，第一放大器，第二放大器，第三放大器，反馈模块，其中：霍尔板的第一输出端与第一放大器的同相输入端连接，霍尔板的第二输出端与第一放大器的反相输入端连接，第一放大器的同相输出端分别与第二放大器的同相输出端及第三放大器的同相输入端连接，第一放大器的反相输出端分别与第二放大器的反相输出端及第三放大器的反相输入端连接，以便将第一放大器的同相输出端的输出信号与第二放大器的同相输出端的输出信号进行求和后再输出至第三放大器的同相输入端，同时将第一放大器的反相输出端的输出信号与第二放大器的反相输出端的输出信号进行求和后再输出至第三放大器的反相输入端；第三放大器的输出端与反馈模块的输入端连接，反馈模块的第一输出端和第二放大器的反相输入端连接，反馈模块的第二输出端与第二放大器的同相输入端连接，反馈模块，用于根据输出信号的求和结果调整第二放大器的输出信号，使第三放大器同相输入端的输入信号与其反相输入端的输入信号大小相等、极性相反。The invention provides a Hall amplifier, comprising a Hall plate connected to a power supply, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a third amplifier, and a feedback module, wherein: the first output terminal of the Hall plate is in phase with the first amplifier The input terminal is connected, the second output terminal of the Hall plate is connected with the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier, the non-inverting output terminal of the first amplifier is respectively connected with the non-inverting output terminal of the second amplifier and the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier, and the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier is respectively connected. The inverting output terminal of an amplifier is respectively connected with the inverting output terminal of the second amplifier and the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier, so that the output signal of the non-inverting output terminal of the first amplifier is connected with the output signal of the non-inverting output terminal of the second amplifier. The sum is then output to the non-inverting input of the third amplifier, and the output signal of the inverting output of the first amplifier and the output signal of the inverting output of the second amplifier are summed and then output to the inverting of the third amplifier Input terminal; the output terminal of the third amplifier is connected with the input terminal of the feedback module, the first output terminal of the feedback module is connected with the inverting input terminal of the second amplifier, and the second output terminal of the feedback module is connected with the non-inverting input terminal of the second amplifier The connection, the feedback module, is used to adjust the output signal of the second amplifier according to the summation result of the output signals, so that the input signal of the non-inverting input terminal of the third amplifier and the input signal of the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier are equal in magnitude and opposite in polarity.
可见，在实际应用中，采用本发明的方案，将霍尔板输出的霍尔电压信号经第一放大器及第三放大器放大后生成的输出信号，经反馈模块反馈至第二放大器，以保证第三放大器的同相输入端和反相输入端的输入电压信号大小相等、极性相反，并将第二放大器产生的输出信号和第一放大器产生的输出信号进行求和，求和后的两路输出信号再经第三放大器放大后输出，从而实现对霍尔电压信号的精准放大，操作简便。It can be seen that in practical applications, the solution of the present invention is adopted to amplify the output signal of the Hall voltage signal output by the Hall plate through the first amplifier and the third amplifier, and then feed back the output signal to the second amplifier through the feedback module to ensure that the first amplifier The input voltage signals of the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the three amplifiers are equal in magnitude and opposite in polarity, and the output signal generated by the second amplifier and the output signal generated by the first amplifier are summed, and the two output signals after summation Then it is amplified by the third amplifier and then output, so as to realize the precise amplification of the Hall voltage signal, and the operation is easy.
请参照图3，图3为本发明所提供的另一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图，在上述实施例的基础上：Please refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another Hall amplifier provided by the present invention, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment:
作为一种优选的实施例，第一放大器A1为第一跨导放大器GM1，第二放大器A2为第二跨导放大器GM2；As a preferred embodiment, the first amplifier A 1 is the first transconductance amplifier GM 1 , and the second amplifier A 2 is the second transconductance amplifier GM 2 ;
则该霍尔放大器还包括第一电阻R1和第二电阻R2，其中：Then the Hall amplifier further includes a first resistor R 1 and a second resistor R 2 , wherein:
第一电阻R1的第一端与第一跨导放大器GM1的反相输出端连接，第二电阻R2的第一端与第二跨导放大器GM2的同相输出端连接，第一电阻R1的第二端及第二电阻R2的第二端均与地或直流电源连接。The first end of the first resistance R 1 is connected with the inverting output end of the first transconductance amplifier GM 1 , the first end of the second resistance R 2 is connected with the non-inverting output end of the second transconductance amplifier GM 2 , and the first resistance Both the second terminal of R1 and the second terminal of the second resistor R2 are connected to the ground or the DC power supply.
具体的，跨导放大器是一种将输入差分电压转换为输出电流的放大器，因此第一跨导放大器GM1的同相输出端的输出信号是电流信号，在其同相输出端接有第六电阻R6的目的是为了将第一跨导放大器GM1的同相输出端输出的电流信号与第二跨导放大器GM2的同相输出端输出的电流信号的和转换为差分电压信号再接入第三放大器A3的同相输入端，第二跨导放大器GM2，同理，通过在第二跨导放大器GM2的反相输出端连接第七电阻R7，将第一跨导放大器GM1的反相输出端输出的电流信号与第二跨导放大器GM2的反相输出端输出的电流信号的和转换为差分电压信号再接入第三放大器A3的反相输入端。Specifically, the transconductance amplifier is an amplifier that converts the input differential voltage into an output current, so the output signal of the non-inverting output terminal of the first transconductance amplifier GM 1 is a current signal, and the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the first transconductance amplifier GM1 The purpose is to convert the sum of the current signal output by the non-inverting output terminal of the first transconductance amplifier GM 1 and the current signal output by the non-inverting output terminal of the second transconductance amplifier GM 2 into a differential voltage signal and then access the third amplifier A 3 , the second transconductance amplifier GM 2 , similarly, by connecting the seventh resistor R 7 to the inverting output terminal of the second transconductance amplifier GM 2 , the inverting output of the first transconductance amplifier GM 1 The sum of the current signal output from terminal and the current signal output from the inverting output terminal of the second transconductance amplifier GM2 is converted into a differential voltage signal and then connected to the inverting input terminal of the third amplifier A3.
请参照图4，图4为本发明所提供的另一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图，该霍尔放大器在上述实施例的基础上：Please refer to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another Hall amplifier provided by the present invention. On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the Hall amplifier:
作为一种优选的实施例，反馈模块2包括第三电阻R3，第四电阻R4，分别与第三电阻R3和第四电阻R4连接、用于获取第三电阻R3的端电压及第四电阻R4的端电压、还用于调整第三电阻R3的阻值及第四电阻R4的阻值的管理单元21，其中：As a preferred embodiment, the feedback module 2 includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4, which are respectively connected to the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 for obtaining the terminal voltage of the third resistor R3 and the terminal voltage of the fourth resistor R4, and a management unit 21 for adjusting the resistance value of the third resistor R3 and the resistance value of the fourth resistor R4, wherein:
第三电阻R3的第一端作为反馈模块2的输入端，第三电阻R3的第二端分别与第四电阻R4的第一端及第二放大器A2的反相输入端连接，第四电阻R4的第二端与第二放大器A2的同相输入端连接。The first end of the third resistor R3 is used as the input end of the feedback module 2, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is respectively connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4 and the inverting input end of the second amplifier A2, The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the second amplifier A2.
具体的，反馈模块2中的第三电阻R3的阻值与电压灵敏度(放大倍数)存在一一对应的关系，管理单元21可以根据实际需要的电压灵敏度即预设电压灵敏度，来确定第三电阻R3的阻值，并对当前霍尔放大器的输出电压信号进行检测，得到实际电压灵敏度，即根据管理单元21获取的第三电阻R3两端的电压值(即第三电阻R3的端电压)，计算得到实际电压灵敏度，根据实际电压灵敏度与预设电压灵敏度的差值，去调整第二放大器A2的输出信号的大小，使第二放大器A2的输出信号与第一放大器A1的输出信号的求和结果满足预设条件，通过改变第三电阻R3的阻值来调整或修改电压灵敏度，操作方便。相应的，本实施例中只介绍了对第三电阻R3的调整来达到调整或修改电压灵敏度的目的，当然，也可以预先确定第四电阻R4的阻值与电压灵敏度(放大倍数)的一一对应关系，通过调整第四电阻R4或同时调整第四电阻R4和第三电阻R3来达到调整或修改电压灵敏度的目的，本发明对此不做限定。Specifically, there is a one-to-one relationship between the resistance value of the third resistor R3 in the feedback module 2 and the voltage sensitivity (magnification factor), and the management unit 21 can determine the third resistor R3 according to the actual required voltage sensitivity, that is, the preset voltage sensitivity. The resistance value of the resistor R3 , and detect the output voltage signal of the current Hall amplifier to obtain the actual voltage sensitivity, that is, the voltage value at both ends of the third resistor R3 obtained according to the management unit 21 (that is, the terminal of the third resistor R3 voltage), calculate the actual voltage sensitivity, and adjust the output signal of the second amplifier A2 according to the difference between the actual voltage sensitivity and the preset voltage sensitivity, so that the output signal of the second amplifier A2 is the same as that of the first amplifier A1 The summation result of the output signals meets the preset condition, and the voltage sensitivity is adjusted or modified by changing the resistance value of the third resistor R3 , and the operation is convenient. Correspondingly, in this embodiment, only the adjustment of the third resistor R3 is introduced to achieve the purpose of adjusting or modifying the voltage sensitivity. Of course, the resistance value of the fourth resistor R4 and the voltage sensitivity (magnification factor) can also be determined in advance. One-to-one correspondence, the purpose of adjusting or modifying the voltage sensitivity is achieved by adjusting the fourth resistor R4 or simultaneously adjusting the fourth resistor R4 and the third resistor R3 , which is not limited in the present invention.
作为一种优选的实施例，第一跨导放大器GM1包括第一晶体管M1，第二晶体管M2，第三晶体管M3，第四晶体管M4，第五电阻R5，第二跨导放大器GM2包括第五晶体管M5，第六晶体管M6，第七晶体管M7，第八晶体管M8，第六电阻R6，其中：As a preferred embodiment, the first transconductance amplifier GM 1 includes a first transistor M 1 , a second transistor M 2 , a third transistor M 3 , a fourth transistor M 4 , a fifth resistor R 5 , and a second transconductance The amplifier GM 2 includes a fifth transistor M 5 , a sixth transistor M 6 , a seventh transistor M 7 , an eighth transistor M 8 , and a sixth resistor R 6 , wherein:
第一晶体管M1的控制端作为第一跨导放大器GM1的同相输入端，第二晶体管M2的控制端作为第一跨导放大器GM1的反相输入端，第一晶体管M1的第二端分别与第五电阻R5的第一端及第三晶体管M3的第一端连接，第二晶体管M2的第二端分别与第五电阻R5的第二端及第四晶体管M4的第一端连接，第一晶体管M1的第一端分别与电源模块及第三晶体管M3的控制端连接，第三晶体管M3的第二端作为第一跨导放大器GM1的反相输出端，第二晶体管M2的第一端分别与电源模块及第四晶体管M4的控制端连接，第四晶体管M4的第二端作为第一跨导放大器GM1的同相输出端；The control end of the first transistor M1 is used as the non-inverting input end of the first transconductance amplifier GM1, the control end of the second transistor M2 is used as the inverting input end of the first transconductance amplifier GM1, and the first transistor M1's first The two ends are respectively connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R5 and the first end of the third transistor M3, and the second end of the second transistor M2 is respectively connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5 and the fourth transistor M 4 , the first terminal of the first transistor M1 is respectively connected to the power module and the control terminal of the third transistor M3, and the second terminal of the third transistor M3 is used as the inverse of the first transconductance amplifier GM1 Phase output terminal, the first terminal of the second transistor M2 is connected to the control terminal of the power module and the fourth transistor M4 respectively, and the second terminal of the fourth transistor M4 is used as the non-inverting output terminal of the first transconductance amplifier GM1;
第五晶体管M5的控制端作为第二跨导放大器GM2的同相输入端，第六晶体管M6的控制端作为第二跨导放大器GM2的反相输入端，第五晶体管M5的第二端分别与第六电阻R6的第一端及第七晶体管M7的第一端连接，第六晶体管M6的第二端分别与第六电阻R6的第二端及第八晶体管M8的第一端连接，第五晶体管M5的第一端分别与电源模块及第七晶体管M7的控制端连接，第七晶体管M7的第二端作为第二跨导放大器GM2的反相输出端，第六晶体管M6的第一端分别与电源模块及第八晶体管M8的控制端连接，第八晶体管M8的第二端作为第二跨导放大器GM2的同相输出端。The control terminal of the fifth transistor M5 is used as the non-inverting input terminal of the second transconductance amplifier GM 2 , the control terminal of the sixth transistor M6 is used as the inverting input terminal of the second transconductance amplifier GM 2 , and the first transconductance input terminal of the fifth transistor M5 is The two ends are respectively connected to the first end of the sixth resistor R6 and the first end of the seventh transistor M7, and the second end of the sixth transistor M6 is respectively connected to the second end of the sixth resistor R6 and the eighth transistor M 8 , the first end of the fifth transistor M5 is respectively connected to the power module and the control end of the seventh transistor M7, and the second end of the seventh transistor M7 is used as the inverse of the second transconductance amplifier GM2 Phase output terminal, the first terminal of the sixth transistor M6 is respectively connected to the power module and the control terminal of the eighth transistor M8, and the second terminal of the eighth transistor M8 is used as the non-inverting output terminal of the second transconductance amplifier GM2.
具体的，参照图5所示，图5为本发明所提供的另一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图，在图5中第一晶体管M1至第八晶体管M8的结构均以三极管的结构代表，需要提前说明的是，霍尔板1所提供的霍尔电压信号的温度系数为负，而霍尔放大器要求的输出电压信号为零温度系数，因此现有技术一般是通过电阻所具有的正温度系数对霍尔电压信号的负温度系数进行补偿，即预先为各个电阻设置其各自对应的权值，使其达到对霍尔电压信号的负温度系数的补偿，如在背景技术中所提及的霍尔放大器结构，参照图1所示，其中，各个电阻的类型不同，分别具有不同的温度系数，或者每个电阻由不同温度系数的电阻组成，因此，在通过改变电阻阻值来改变霍尔放大器的放大倍数时，电阻阻值一旦改变，该电阻对应的温度系数就会改变，而各个电阻的权值固定，会影响霍尔放大器的输出电压信号的温度系数。Specifically, referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another Hall amplifier provided by the present invention. In FIG. 5, the structures of the first transistor M1 to the eighth transistor M8 are all represented by the structure of a triode , it needs to be explained in advance that the temperature coefficient of the Hall voltage signal provided by the Hall plate 1 is negative, while the output voltage signal required by the Hall amplifier is zero temperature coefficient, so the prior art generally uses the positive resistance of the resistor The temperature coefficient compensates the negative temperature coefficient of the Hall voltage signal, that is, pre-sets its respective weight for each resistor, so that it can achieve compensation for the negative temperature coefficient of the Hall voltage signal, as mentioned in the background technology The structure of the Hall amplifier, as shown in Figure 1, wherein the types of the resistors are different and have different temperature coefficients, or each resistor is composed of resistors with different temperature coefficients. Therefore, when changing the resistance value of the resistor to change the Hall amplifier When the amplification factor of the Hall amplifier is changed, once the resistance value of the resistance changes, the corresponding temperature coefficient of the resistance will change, and the weight of each resistance is fixed, which will affect the temperature coefficient of the output voltage signal of the Hall amplifier.
考虑至此，本发明所采用的第五电阻R5和第六电阻R6分别具有单一、独立的温度系数，即改变第五电阻R5或第六电阻R6的阻值，不会影响其温度系数，一般的，结合上一实施例，通过调整第三电阻R3的阻值来调整电压灵敏度，可以理解为对电压灵敏度的粗调，在本实施例中通过调整第六电阻R6的阻值可以实现对电压灵敏度的精调。具体的，根据实际需要确定目标电压灵敏度，然后根据目标电压灵敏度调整第三电阻R3的阻值，对霍尔放大器的输出电压信号进行检测，得到当前电压灵敏度，计算当前电压灵敏度和目标电压灵敏度之间的差值得到电阻差值，根据电阻差值调整第六电阻R6的阻值，从而使霍尔放大器输出端输出的电压信号的电压灵敏度达到目标电压灵敏度。Considering this, the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 used in the present invention have a single, independent temperature coefficient respectively, that is, changing the resistance value of the fifth resistor R5 or the sixth resistor R6 will not affect its temperature Generally, in combination with the previous embodiment, the voltage sensitivity is adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the third resistor R3 , which can be understood as a rough adjustment of the voltage sensitivity. In this embodiment, by adjusting the resistance value of the sixth resistor R6 Values allow fine tuning of the voltage sensitivity. Specifically, determine the target voltage sensitivity according to actual needs, then adjust the resistance value of the third resistor R3 according to the target voltage sensitivity, detect the output voltage signal of the Hall amplifier, obtain the current voltage sensitivity, and calculate the current voltage sensitivity and target voltage sensitivity The difference between them is the resistance difference, and the resistance value of the sixth resistor R6 is adjusted according to the resistance difference, so that the voltage sensitivity of the voltage signal output by the output terminal of the Hall amplifier reaches the target voltage sensitivity.
具体的，在上述结构下，第一跨导放大器GM1的跨导第二跨导放大器GM2的跨导输出端的电压信号Vout与输入端的霍尔电压信号Vin的关系式为对上述关系式各项的温度系数求偏导，其温度系数关系式为其中， 通过调整第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第五电阻R5、第六电阻R6可以达到零温度系数的输出信号VOUT，通过调整第三电阻R3和第六电阻R6来调整放大精度及电压灵敏度时，由于第三电阻R3的温度系数已知、第六电阻R6温度系数固定，因此，不会改变输出电压信号VOUT的温度系数，第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第五电阻R5、第六电阻R6均可以为可调电阻，为了实现线性调整，本发明采用调整第三电阻R3和第六电阻R6来改变霍尔放大器的放大精度，当然，也可以通过调整第四电阻R4、第六电阻R6来改变霍尔放大器的放大精度，对此本发明不做限定。Specifically, under the above structure, the transconductance of the first transconductance amplifier GM 1 The transconductance of the second transconductance amplifier GM 2 The relationship between the voltage signal V out at the output terminal and the Hall voltage signal V in at the input terminal is Calculate the partial derivative of the temperature coefficients of the above relational expressions, and the temperature coefficient relational expression is in, By adjusting the third resistor R 3 , the fourth resistor R 4 , the fifth resistor R 5 and the sixth resistor R 6 the output signal V OUT with zero temperature coefficient can be achieved, and by adjusting the third resistor R 3 and the sixth resistor R 6 to When adjusting the amplification accuracy and voltage sensitivity, since the temperature coefficient of the third resistor R 3 is known and the temperature coefficient of the sixth resistor R 6 is fixed, the temperature coefficient of the output voltage signal V OUT will not be changed. The third resistor R 3 , the sixth resistor R 6 The four resistors R 4 , the fifth resistor R 5 and the sixth resistor R 6 can all be adjustable resistors. In order to realize linear adjustment, the present invention adopts adjusting the third resistor R 3 and the sixth resistor R 6 to change the amplification of the Hall amplifier. Accuracy, of course, the amplification accuracy of the Hall amplifier can also be changed by adjusting the fourth resistor R 4 and the sixth resistor R 6 , which is not limited in the present invention.
作为一种优选的实施例，第一跨导放大器GM1包括第九晶体管M9，第十晶体管M10，第十一晶体管M11，第十二晶体管M12，第七电阻R7，第二跨导放大器GM2包括第十三晶体管M13，第十四晶体管M14，第十五晶体管M15，第十六晶体管M16，第八电阻R8，其中：As a preferred embodiment, the first transconductance amplifier GM 1 includes a ninth transistor M 9 , a tenth transistor M 10 , an eleventh transistor M 11 , a twelfth transistor M 12 , a seventh resistor R 7 , a second The transconductance amplifier GM 2 includes a thirteenth transistor M 13 , a fourteenth transistor M 14 , a fifteenth transistor M 15 , a sixteenth transistor M 16 , and an eighth resistor R 8 , wherein:
第十一晶体管M11的控制端作为第一跨导放大器GM1的同相输入端，第十二晶体管M12的控制端作为第一跨导放大器GM1的反相输入端，第十一晶体管M11的第一端与第九晶体管M9的控制端连接，第十一晶体管M11的第二端分别与第九晶体管M9的第一端、第七电阻R7的第一端及电源模块连接，第九晶体管M9的第二端作为第一跨导放大器GM1的反相输出端，第十二晶体管M12的第二端分别与第七电阻R7的第二端、电源模块及第十晶体管M10的第一端连接，第十二晶体管M12的第一端与第十晶体管M10的控制端连接，第十晶体管M10的第二端作为第一跨导放大器GM1的同相输出端；The control terminal of the eleventh transistor M 11 is used as the non-inverting input terminal of the first transconductance amplifier GM 1 , the control terminal of the twelfth transistor M 12 is used as the inverting input terminal of the first transconductance amplifier GM 1 , and the eleventh transistor M 11 is connected to the control terminal of the ninth transistor M9, and the second terminal of the eleventh transistor M11 is respectively connected to the first terminal of the ninth transistor M9, the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7 and the power module connection, the second terminal of the ninth transistor M9 is used as the inverting output terminal of the first transconductance amplifier GM1, the second terminal of the twelfth transistor M12 is respectively connected to the second terminal of the seventh resistor R7 , the power module and The first end of the tenth transistor M10 is connected, the first end of the twelfth transistor M12 is connected to the control end of the tenth transistor M10, and the second end of the tenth transistor M10 is used as the first transconductance amplifier GM1 non-inverting output;
第十五晶体管M15的控制端作为第二跨导放大器GM2的同相输入端，第十六晶体管M16的控制端作为第二跨导放大器GM2的反相输入端，第十五晶体管M15的第一端与第十三晶体管M13的控制端连接，第十五晶体管M15的第二端分别与第十三晶体管M13的第一端、第八电阻R8的第一端及电源模块连接，第十三晶体管M13的第二端作为第二跨导放大器GM2的反相输出端，第十六晶体管M16的第二端分别与第八电阻R8的第二端、电源模块及第十四晶体管M14的第一端连接，第十六晶体管M16的第一端与第十四晶体管M14的控制端连接，第十四晶体管M14的第二端作为第二跨导放大器GM2的同相输出端。The control terminal of the fifteenth transistor M 15 is used as the non-inverting input terminal of the second transconductance amplifier GM 2 , the control terminal of the sixteenth transistor M 16 is used as the inverting input terminal of the second transconductance amplifier GM 2 , and the fifteenth transistor M The first end of 15 is connected to the control end of the thirteenth transistor M13, and the second end of the fifteenth transistor M15 is respectively connected to the first end of the thirteenth transistor M13, the first end of the eighth resistor R8 and The power module is connected, the second end of the thirteenth transistor M13 is used as the inverting output end of the second transconductance amplifier GM2, the second end of the sixteenth transistor M16 is respectively connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8 , The power module is connected to the first end of the fourteenth transistor M14, the first end of the sixteenth transistor M16 is connected to the control end of the fourteenth transistor M14, and the second end of the fourteenth transistor M14 is used as the second Non-inverting output of transconductance amplifier GM 2 .
具体的，请参照图6，图6为本发明所提供的另一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图，在图6中，第九晶体管M9至第十六晶体管M16的结构均以三极管的结构代表，其中，第七电阻R7和第八电阻R8分别具有单一、独立的温度系数，即改变第七电阻R7或第八电阻R8的阻值，不会影响其温度系数Specifically, please refer to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another Hall amplifier provided by the present invention. In FIG. 6, the structures of the ninth transistor M9 to the sixteenth transistor M16 are triode structures Represents, wherein, the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 respectively have a single, independent temperature coefficient, that is, changing the resistance value of the seventh resistor R7 or the eighth resistor R8 will not affect its temperature coefficient
具体的，在上述结构下，第一跨导放大器GM1的跨导第二跨导放大器GM2的跨导输出端的电压信号Vout与输入端的霍尔电压信号Vin的关系式为对上述关系式各项的温度系数求偏导，其温度系数关系式为其中， 通过调整第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第七电阻R7、第八电阻R8可以达到零温度系数的输出信号VOUT，通过调整第三电阻R3和第八电阻R8来调整放大精度及电压灵敏度时，不会改变输出信号VOUT的温度系数，第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第七电阻R7、第八电阻R8均为可调电阻，为了实现线性调整，本发明采用调整第三电阻R3和第八电阻R8来改变霍尔放大器的放大精度，当然，也可以通过调整第四电阻R4、第七电阻R7来改变霍尔放大器的放大精度，对此本发明不做限定。Specifically, under the above structure, the transconductance of the first transconductance amplifier GM 1 The transconductance of the second transconductance amplifier GM 2 The relationship between the voltage signal V out at the output terminal and the Hall voltage signal V in at the input terminal is Calculate the partial derivative of the temperature coefficients of the above relational expressions, and the temperature coefficient relational expression is in, By adjusting the third resistor R 3 , the fourth resistor R 4 , the seventh resistor R 7 , and the eighth resistor R 8 , the output signal V OUT with zero temperature coefficient can be achieved. By adjusting the third resistor R 3 and the eighth resistor R 8 to When adjusting the amplification accuracy and voltage sensitivity, the temperature coefficient of the output signal V OUT will not be changed. The third resistor R 3 , the fourth resistor R 4 , the seventh resistor R 7 , and the eighth resistor R 8 are all adjustable resistors. In order to realize Linear adjustment, the present invention adopts adjusting the third resistor R3 and the eighth resistor R8 to change the amplification accuracy of the Hall amplifier, of course, the Hall amplifier can also be adjusted by adjusting the fourth resistor R4 and the seventh resistor R7 . The amplification precision is not limited in the present invention.
作为一种优选的实施例，第一晶体管M1、第二晶体管M2、第五晶体管M5及第六晶体管M6均为NPN型三极管，其中：As a preferred embodiment, the first transistor M 1 , the second transistor M 2 , the fifth transistor M 5 and the sixth transistor M 6 are all NPN transistors, wherein:
NPN型三极管的基极作为第一晶体管M1、第二晶体管M2、第五晶体管M5及第六晶体管M6的控制端，NPN型三极管的集电极作为第一晶体管M1、第二晶体管M2、第五晶体管M5及第六晶体管M6的第一端，NPN型三极管的发射极作为第一晶体管M1、第二晶体管M2、第五晶体管M5及第六晶体管M6的第二端；The base of the NPN transistor is used as the control terminal of the first transistor M1, the second transistor M2 , the fifth transistor M5 and the sixth transistor M6, and the collector of the NPN transistor is used as the first transistor M1 and the second transistor M1. M 2 , the first terminals of the fifth transistor M 5 and the sixth transistor M 6 , and the emitters of the NPN transistors serve as the terminals of the first transistor M 1 , the second transistor M 2 , the fifth transistor M 5 and the sixth transistor M 6 second end;
第三晶体管M3、第四晶体管M4、第七晶体管M7及第八晶体管M8均为PNP型三极管，其中：The third transistor M 3 , the fourth transistor M 4 , the seventh transistor M 7 and the eighth transistor M 8 are all PNP transistors, wherein:
PNP型三极管的基极作为第三晶体管M3、第四晶体管M4、第七晶体管M7及第八晶体管M8的控制端，PNP型三极管的集电极作为第三晶体管M3、第四晶体管M4、第七晶体管M7及第八晶体管M8的第一端，PNP型三极管的发射极作为第三晶体管M3、第四晶体管M4、第七晶体管M7及第八晶体管M8的第二端。The base of the PNP transistor is used as the control terminal of the third transistor M 3 , the fourth transistor M 4 , the seventh transistor M 7 and the eighth transistor M 8 , and the collector of the PNP transistor is used as the third transistor M 3 and the fourth transistor M . M 4 , the first terminals of the seventh transistor M 7 and the eighth transistor M 8 , and the emitters of the PNP transistors serve as the terminals of the third transistor M 3 , the fourth transistor M 4 , the seventh transistor M 7 and the eighth transistor M 8 second end.
作为一种优选的实施例，第九晶体管M9、第十晶体管M10、第十三晶体管M13及第十四晶体管M14均为PNP型三极管，其中：As a preferred embodiment, the ninth transistor M 9 , the tenth transistor M 10 , the thirteenth transistor M 13 and the fourteenth transistor M 14 are all PNP transistors, wherein:
PNP型三极管的基极作为第九晶体管M9、第十晶体管M10、第十三晶体管M13及第十四晶体管M14的控制端，PNP型三极管的集电极作为第九晶体管M9、第十晶体管M10、第十三晶体管M13及第十四晶体管M14的第一端，PNP型三极管的发射极作为第九晶体管M9、第十晶体管M10、第十三晶体管M13及第十四晶体管M14的第二端；The base of the PNP transistor serves as the control terminal of the ninth transistor M 9 , the tenth transistor M 10 , the thirteenth transistor M 13 and the fourteenth transistor M 14 , and the collector of the PNP transistor serves as the ninth transistor M 9 , the The first terminals of the tenth transistor M 10 , the thirteenth transistor M 13 and the fourteenth transistor M 14 , and the emitters of the PNP transistors serve as the ninth transistor M 9 , the tenth transistor M 10 , the thirteenth transistor M 13 and the fourth transistor M 10 . a second terminal of fourteen transistors M 14 ;
第十一晶体管M11、第十二晶体管M12、第十五晶体管M15及第十六晶体管M16均为NPN型三极管，其中：The eleventh transistor M 11 , the twelfth transistor M 12 , the fifteenth transistor M 15 and the sixteenth transistor M 16 are all NPN transistors, wherein:
NPN型三极管的基极作为第十一晶体管M11、第十二晶体管M12、第十五晶体管M15及第十六晶体管M16的控制端，NPN型三极管的集电极作为第十一晶体管M11、第十二晶体管M12、第十五晶体管M15及第十六晶体管M16的第一端，NPN型三极管的发射极作为第十一晶体管M11、第十二晶体管M12、第十五晶体管M15及第十六晶体管M16的第二端。The base of the NPN transistor is used as the control terminal of the eleventh transistor M 11 , the twelfth transistor M 12 , the fifteenth transistor M 15 and the sixteenth transistor M 16 , and the collector of the NPN transistor is used as the eleventh transistor M 11. The first terminals of the twelfth transistor M 12 , the fifteenth transistor M 15 , and the sixteenth transistor M 16 , and the emitters of the NPN transistors serve as the eleventh transistor M 11 , the twelfth transistor M 12 , and the tenth transistor M 12 . The second terminals of the fifth transistor M15 and the sixteenth transistor M16.
当然，上述各晶体管除了可以选用三极管，还可以根据实际工程需要选择CMOS管或其他晶体管，只要可以实现上述功能即可。Of course, in addition to triodes, CMOS transistors or other transistors can also be selected for the above-mentioned transistors according to actual engineering needs, as long as the above-mentioned functions can be realized.
请参照图7，图7为本发明所提供的另一种霍尔放大器的结构示意图，该霍尔放大器在上述结构的基础上：Please refer to FIG. 7, which is a schematic structural diagram of another Hall amplifier provided by the present invention. On the basis of the above structure, the Hall amplifier:
作为一种优选的实施例，第三电阻R3中包括多个串联/并联的不同阻值的电阻。As a preferred embodiment, the third resistor R 3 includes a plurality of resistors with different resistances connected in series/parallel.
具体的可以将第三电阻R3设置成不同阻值的电阻进行串联，参照图7所示，第三电阻R3可以包括串联的三个阻值不同的电阻记为R3_1、R3_2和R3_3，通过Option的方式进行选择，可以非常方便的修改输出电压信号Vout的电压灵敏度。Specifically, the third resistor R3 can be set as resistors with different resistance values to be connected in series, as shown in FIG. Option mode can be used to modify the voltage sensitivity of the output voltage signal Vout very conveniently.
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other. As for the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the related information, please refer to the description of the method part.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其他实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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