Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an active suspension adopting an air spring assembly, aiming at the problem that the ideal control force of the suspension is amplified due to the large equivalent inertia mass of an actuator in the existing suspension adopting a rotary motor type active power actuator.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the automobile front-rear steering device is provided with a main power actuator, a rotating motor in an outer barrel of the main power actuator is coaxially connected with the upper end of an inner barrel through a lead screw nut, the lower end of the inner barrel extends downwards out of the outer barrel and is coaxially and fixedly connected with an air spring assembly, the air spring assembly is provided with two air springs which are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged up and down, a rigid inner pipe is arranged between the two air springs in a front-rear mode, a central shaft of the rigid inner pipe is vertically intersected with the central shaft of the main power actuator, the front end and the rear end of the rigid inner pipe are fixedly connected with the upper end of an inner pipe mounting seat.
Furthermore, a rigid guide rail is respectively arranged right in front of and right behind the two air springs, the upper end of the rigid guide rail is fixedly connected with a cover plate of the upper air spring, and the lower end of the rigid guide rail is fixedly connected with a cover plate of the lower air spring; each rigid guide rail is provided with a waist-shaped sliding groove which is arranged up and down, and the rigid inner pipe penetrates through the two waist-shaped sliding grooves and can slide up and down along the waist-shaped sliding grooves.
Furthermore, each air spring consists of an air bag, a cover plate and a base, wherein the upper end of the air bag of the upper air spring is fixedly connected with the cover plate 2 of the upper air spring in a sealing way, and the lower end of the air bag of the upper air spring is fixedly connected with the base of the upper air spring in a sealing way; the upper end of the air bag of the lower air spring is fixedly connected with the base of the lower air spring in a sealing way, and the lower end of the air bag of the lower air spring is fixedly connected with the cover plate of the lower air spring in a sealing way; the middle of the cover plate of the upper air spring is fixedly connected with the lower end of the inner cylinder; a round through groove which is through from front to back is formed in a gap between the upper base and the lower base, and the rigid inner pipe penetrates through the round through groove.
Furthermore, a damping tube is hermetically connected and communicated between the two air bags.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the air spring assembly adopted by the invention has a coupling function and a vibration damping function, so that when the air spring assembly is connected in series, the suspension has a primary vibration damping function formed by the main power actuator and the spiral spring and a secondary vibration damping function formed by the air spring assembly, and the overlarge control force requirement of the main power actuator can be effectively eliminated.
2. When the air spring assembly works, the rigid inner pipe of the air spring assembly is stressed to move downwards, the rigid inner pipe with the shape of a circular pipe respectively generates pulling and extrusion on the upper air bag and the lower air bag, correspondingly, the two air bags respectively apply an upward pulling force and a pressure on the rigid inner pipe, the resultant force of the pulling force and the pressure is the damping force of the air spring assembly, and the damping force faces upwards, so that the damping function is realized.
3. When the rigid inner pipe of the air spring assembly is stressed to move downwards, the air bags below the rigid inner pipe can be extruded, pressure difference is generated between the two air bags, and air in the air bags flows between the two air bags through the damping pipe, so that damping is generated, a part of vibration energy is absorbed, and a vibration damping effect is achieved.
4. The invention arranges the main power working device and the spiral spring in different axes, can better buffer the impact force from the ground, and has simple structure, low cost and less change on the original suspension structure.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the orientations that specify the present invention are: the ground is used as the lower part, and the connection assembly 10 is used as the upper part; the wheels 14 roll on the ground, and the rolling direction of the wheels 13 is taken as the front and rear directions; with the wheel 14 "outer" and the bush 5 "inner".
The present invention has a main power actuator 9, and the main power actuator 9 is installed between the body of the vehicle and the wheel 13, with the body being inside the wheel 13. The upper end of the main power actuator 9 is fixedly connected with a coupling assembly 10, and the coupling assembly 10 is fixedly connected with a vehicle body.
A spiral spring 7 is arranged beside the main power actuator 9, and the spiral spring 7 and the main power actuator 9 are arranged in a mode of different axes. The lower end of a spiral spring 7 is supported on a spring mounting seat 4, the upper end of the spiral spring 7 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 6, the connecting plate 6 is fixedly connected to the corresponding position of the vehicle body, a lower fork arm 3 is arranged below the spring mounting seat 4, the spring mounting seat 4 is fixedly connected with the lower fork arm 3, and the lower fork arm 3 is fixedly connected between the vehicle body and a wheel 14.
As shown in figure 2, the outer part of the main power actuator 9 is an outer cylinder 9-5, a rotating motor 9-1 and an inner cylinder 9-4 are coaxially sleeved in the outer cylinder 9-5, and a ball nut 9-2 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved in the inner cylinder 9-4. The shell of the rotating motor 9-1 is fixed on the outer cylinder 9-5, and the upper part of the shell of the rotating motor 9-1 is fixedly connected with a coupling assembly 10, so that the coupling assembly 10 and the main power actuator 9 form a rigid connection. The outer wall of the inner cylinder 9-4 is connected with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 9-5 in a sealing way, and the inner cylinder 9-4 can slide up and down along the inner wall of the outer cylinder 9-5. The lower end of an output shaft of the rotating motor 9-1 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a ball screw 9-3, and the ball screw 9-3 is coaxially matched with a ball nut 9-2. The ball nut 9-2 is fixedly sleeved at the upper end of the inner cylinder 9-4, the lower end of the inner cylinder 9-4 extends downwards out of the outer cylinder 9-5 and is fixedly connected with the air spring assembly 2 coaxially and concentrically, and the upper central shaft and the lower central shaft of the air spring assembly 2 are collinear with the central shaft of the main power actuator 9.
When the rotating motor 9-1 works, the ball screw 9-3 and the ball nut 9-2 are driven to rotate, so that the inner cylinder 9-4 is driven to slide linearly up and down along the axial direction in the outer cylinder 9-5, and the air spring assembly 2 below is driven to move up and down.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the air spring assembly 2 includes two air springs, which have the same structure and are arranged symmetrically up and down, and the two air springs are an upper air spring and a lower air spring, respectively. Each air spring consists of an air bag 2-2, a cover plate and a base. The upper end of an air bag 2-2 of the upper air spring is sealed through a connecting flange 2-3 and is fixedly connected to a cover plate 2-1 of the upper air spring, and the lower end of the air bag 2-2 of the upper air spring is sealed through a connecting flange 2-3 and is fixedly connected to a base 2-4 of the upper air spring; the upper end of the air bag 2-2 of the lower air spring is sealed and fixedly connected with a base 2-7 of the lower air spring through a connecting flange 2-3, and the lower end of the air bag 2-2 of the lower air spring is sealed and fixedly connected with a cover plate 2-8 of the lower air spring through a connecting flange 2-3. The upper cover plate 2-1 and the lower cover plate 2-8 are vertically symmetrical, and the upper base 2-4 and the lower base 2-7 are vertically symmetrical and are fastened together through bolts 2-6.
The middle of the cover plate 2-1 of the upper air spring is fixedly connected with the lower end of an inner cylinder 9-4 of a main power actuator 9, and the air spring assembly 2 is connected on the main power actuator 9 in series.
The two air bags 2-2 of the upper air spring and the lower air spring have the same structure, and are both of the structure with the smaller outer diameter at the upper end and the lower end and the larger outer diameter in the middle, so that the effective area between the cover plate and the bottom plate of the air spring can be fully utilized.
A damping tube 2-13 is hermetically connected and communicated between the two air bags 2-2, so that the air phase inside the two air bags 2-2 flows. When in connection, the upper ends of the damping pipes 2-13 are communicated with the upper ends of the air bags 2-2 of the upper air springs through the upper inflation ports 2-9, and the lower ends of the damping pipes 2-13 are communicated with the lower ends of the air bags 2-2 of the lower air springs through the lower inflation ports 2-9. The upper inflation inlet 2-9 is connected with the airbag 2-2 of the upper air spring and then extends upwards from the upper cover plate 2-1, the lower inflation inlet 2-9 is connected with the airbag 2-2 of the lower air spring and then extends downwards from the lower cover plate 2-8, and the damping pipe 2-13 is connected with the upper inflation inlet 2-9 and the lower inflation inlet 2-9 in series.
Two rigid guide rails 2-14 are respectively arranged right in front of and right behind the upper air spring and the lower air spring, and the two rigid guide rails 2-14 are symmetrical front and back. The upper ends of the rigid guide rails 2-14 are fixedly connected with a cover plate 2-1 of an upper air spring through countersunk screws 2-10, and the lower ends of the rigid guide rails are fixedly connected with a cover plate 2-8 of a lower air spring through countersunk screws 2-10, so that the two air springs are fixedly connected in series. The inner and outer widths of the rigid rails 2-14 account for 80% of the inner and outer widths of the cover plates 2-8 or 2-1. A gap is reserved between the two rigid guide rails 2-14 and the air bag 2-2, and the two rigid guide rails are not in contact with each other.
Each rigid guide rail 2-14 is provided with a waist-shaped sliding groove 2-12 which is arranged up and down, and the waist-shaped sliding grooves 2-12 are communicated front and back. A round through groove which is through from front to back is formed in the gap between the upper base 2-4 and the lower base 2-7. The rigid inner pipes 2-11 arranged in the front and the back simultaneously penetrate through the circular through groove and the kidney-shaped chutes 2-12 of the front and the back rigid guide rails 2-14, the rigid inner pipes 2-11 can slide up and down along the kidney-shaped chutes 2-12, and the central shafts of the rigid inner pipes 2-11 are vertically crossed with the central shaft of the main power actuator 9, so that the rigid inner pipes 2-11 are arranged in the middle between the two air springs. The front end and the rear end of the rigid inner pipe 2-11 extend out of the waist-shaped sliding groove 2-12, so that the inner pipe mounting seat 1 in the figure 1 can be conveniently connected with the outside.
The gaps between the upper base 2-4, the lower base 2-7 and the rigid inner tube 2-11 are filled with rubber filler 2-5.
The rigid inner tube 2-11 is cylindrical, the outer diameter of the middle section is larger than that of the front and rear sections, and the middle section penetrates through the rubber filler 2-5 and is also connected to the rubber filler 2-5 through the outer wall of the middle section. The front section and the rear section of the rigid inner pipe 2-11 are respectively matched with a kidney-shaped sliding chute 2-12 and can slide up and down along the chute wall of the kidney-shaped sliding chute 2-12.
Under the state that the suspension is not loaded on a vehicle, the cover plate 2-1, the cover plate 2-8 and the rigid inner pipe 2-11 are all parallel to the ground, and the rigid guide rail 2-14 is vertical to the ground.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the front end and the rear end of each rigid inner tube 2-11 are rigidly connected with the upper end of an inner tube mounting base 1, the lower end of the inner tube mounting base 1 is rigidly connected with a lower yoke 3, the lower yoke 3 is connected between a vehicle body and a wheel 14, when in connection, the inner tube mounting base 1 is connected with the middle section of the lower yoke 3, the outer end of the lower yoke 3 is connected with the wheel 14, and the inner end of the lower yoke 3 is connected with the corresponding position of the vehicle body through a bushing 5.
An upper yoke 11 is arranged above the lower yoke 3, the inner end of the upper yoke 11 is connected to the corresponding position of the vehicle body through a bush 8, the outer end of the upper yoke 11 is connected with the upper end of a knuckle arm 13 through a ball assembly 12, the lower end of the knuckle arm 13 is connected with a wheel 14, and the upper yoke 11 can swing up and down around the upper end of the knuckle arm 13 under the action of the ball assembly 12. Thus, the upper yoke 11, the lower yoke 3, and the knuckle arm 13 form a suspension base structure, so that the wheel 14 swings up and down around the outside of the vehicle body along with the suspension base structure.
When the wheel 14 swings up and down, the rigid inner tube 2-11 is stressed to move, the rigid inner tube 2-11 acts on the upper air bag 2-2 and the lower air bag 2-2 in the air spring assembly 2 through the rigid inner tube 2-11, oppositely, the upper air bag 2 and the lower air bag 2 respectively generate a pulling force or a pressure to the rigid inner tube 2-11, and the resultant force of the pulling force and the pressure is the damping force of the air spring assembly 2, so that the air spring assembly 2 generates the damping force. When the rigid inner pipe 2-11 is stressed and the air bag 2-2 is extruded, pressure difference is generated between the two air bags 2-2, air flows between the two air bags through the damping pipe 2-13, and therefore damping is generated, a part of vibration energy is absorbed, and the vibration damping effect is achieved. Therefore, a primary vibration damping function is added on the basis of the vibration damping functions of the main power actuator 9 and the spiral spring 7, and two-stage vibration damping is realized.