CN108815280A - A kind of Chinese medicine composition and its preparation method and application deforming pseudomonad disease for treating grouper - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese medicine composition and its preparation method and application deforming pseudomonad disease for treating grouper Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用,属于水产养殖技术领域。用于治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的中药组合物,包括黄连、黄芪和黄柏;所述黄连、黄芪和黄柏的质量比为0.9~1.3:0.9~1.3:0.9~1.3。制备的中药组合物能较大程度提高药效作用,比未投药病鱼的成活率提高了60%以上。本发明提供的组合物配伍科学,成本低,疗程短,见效快,治愈率高,为养殖生产鱼病防治提供帮助。The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating grouper pseudomonas metamorphosis, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating grouper pseudomonas metamorphosis comprises Coptis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali and Cortex Phellodendri; the mass ratio of Coptis Rhizoma, Radix Astragalus and Cortex Phellodendri is 0.9-1.3:0.9-1.3:0.9-1.3. The prepared traditional Chinese medicine composition can greatly improve the efficacy of medicine, and the survival rate of diseased fish without medicine is increased by more than 60%. The composition provided by the invention has the advantages of scientific compatibility, low cost, short course of treatment, quick effect and high cure rate, and provides help for the prevention and treatment of fish diseases in aquaculture and production.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于水产养殖技术领域,具体涉及一种用于治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用。The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating grouper pseudomonas metamorphosis, a preparation method and application thereof.
背景技术Background technique
变形假单胞菌(Pseudomonas plecoglossicida)已被证明是闽东地区海水鱼内脏白点病的病原菌。为网箱养殖海水鱼的常见病害,引起大黄鱼大规模死亡,给养殖业造成严重的损失,是一种典型的温度依赖性疾病,在水温16~20℃下爆发,当水温超过20℃时该病自然消退。变形假单胞菌不仅能引起养殖海水鱼的内脏白点病,在人工感染情况下也能引起石斑鱼(Epinephelus)等海水鱼的内脏白点病,感染死亡率最高达100%。Pseudomonas plecoglossicida has been proved to be the pathogen of white spot disease in marine fish viscera in eastern Fujian. It is a common disease of seawater fish cultured in net cages, causing large-scale death of large yellow croakers and causing serious losses to the aquaculture industry. It is a typical temperature-dependent disease that breaks out at a water temperature of 16-20°C. When the water temperature exceeds 20°C The disease subsides spontaneously. Pseudomonas mutans can not only cause visceral white spot disease of cultured marine fish, but also can cause visceral white spot disease of grouper (Epinephelus) and other marine fish under artificial infection, and the mortality rate of infection is as high as 100%.
抗生素是目前水产动物细菌性疾病治疗的主要手段,随着抗生素在治疗细菌性疾病中广泛应用,产生细菌耐药性、导致药物残留等缺点。而石斑鱼自身抵抗力日益降低,病害问题日趋严重,给石斑鱼养殖业带来了大的损失。石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病已造成严重经济损失,在养殖生产上治疗鱼病主要是西药,病菌已产生耐药性,治疗效果不佳。研究与开发中草药防治鱼病有重要意义。我国传统中药除可克服前述缺点外,还可增强水产养殖动物免疫力,实验表明中药及中药复方对细菌有较好的体外抑制效果。检索黄连、黄芪、黄柏均有少量专利,但是都是单方用药,用于加强动物的疾病防治等的配方中,并取得一定疗效。Antibiotics are currently the main means of treating bacterial diseases in aquatic animals. With the widespread use of antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial diseases, bacterial resistance and drug residues have occurred. And grouper self resistance is reduced day by day, and disease problem is serious day by day, has brought big loss to grouper aquaculture. Pseudomonas metamorphosis of grouper has caused serious economic losses. Western medicine is mainly used to treat fish diseases in aquaculture production. The bacteria have developed drug resistance and the treatment effect is not good. It is of great significance to research and develop Chinese herbal medicines to prevent and control fish diseases. In addition to overcoming the aforementioned shortcomings, traditional Chinese medicine in my country can also enhance the immunity of aquaculture animals. Experiments have shown that Chinese medicine and Chinese medicine compound have better inhibitory effect on bacteria in vitro. Retrieval Coptidis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali, Phellodendron Phellodendron all have a small amount of patents, but all are unilateral medicines, are used in the formula such as strengthening the disease prevention and treatment of animals, and obtain certain curative effect.
然而现有技术中关于变形假单胞菌有多件专利,但是都是利用变形假单胞菌腈类化合物作为唯一能源进行生长繁殖,可降解丙烯腈废水中的腈类化合物等污染物,或微生物变形假单胞菌发酵产的精氨酸脱亚氨酶(ADI)。现有技术对变形假单胞菌相关的专利均是该菌本身的利用,没有对变形假单胞菌病防治的专利,也未有关于石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病治疗方案的报道。However, there are many patents on Pseudomonas mutans in the prior art, but they all use Pseudomonas mutans nitrile compounds as the only energy source for growth and reproduction, which can degrade pollutants such as nitrile compounds in acrylonitrile wastewater, or Arginine deiminase (ADI) produced by fermentation of the microorganism Pseudomonas mutans. In the prior art, the patents related to Pseudomonas mutans are all the use of the bacteria itself. There is no patent on the prevention and treatment of Pseudomonas mutans, and there is no report on the treatment plan for grouper Pseudomonas mutans.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种用于治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用,所述中药组合物对变形假单胞菌引起的病害有较强药效。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Chinese medicine composition for the treatment of grouper Pseudomonas mutans disease and its preparation method and application, described Chinese medicine composition is effective to the disease that Pseudomonas mutans causes Strong medicinal effect.
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
本发明提供治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的中药组合物,包括黄连、黄芪和黄柏;所述黄连、黄芪和黄柏的质量比为0.9~1.3:0.9~1.3:0.9~1.3。The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating grouper pseudomonas metamorphosis, which comprises coptis, astragalus and cortex cortex; the mass ratio of the coptis, astragalus and cortex cortex is 0.9-1.3:0.9-1.3:0.9-1.3.
优选的,所述黄连、黄芪和黄柏的质量比为1:1:1。Preferably, the mass ratio of Coptidis Rhizome, Radix Astragali and Cortex Phellodendri is 1:1:1.
本发明提供了所述中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The invention provides the preparation method of described Chinese medicine composition, comprises the following steps:
1)将黄连、黄芪和黄柏粉碎,得到中药粉末;1) Pulverizing Coptis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali and Cortex Phellodendri to obtain Chinese medicine powder;
2)将所述中药粉末进行超微粉碎,得到超微药粉;2) Superfinely pulverizing the traditional Chinese medicine powder to obtain superfine medicine powder;
3)将所述超微药粉在60~70℃条件下烘烤24~48h,得到中药组合物。3) Baking the ultrafine medicinal powder at 60-70° C. for 24-48 hours to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine composition.
优选的,步骤1)中中药粉末的粒径为140~160μm;Preferably, the particle size of the traditional Chinese medicine powder in step 1) is 140-160 μm;
所述步骤2)中超微药粉的粒径为5~10μm。The particle size of the superfine drug powder in the step 2) is 5-10 μm.
优选的,所述步骤3)中烘烤的温度为65℃,所述烘烤的时间为36h。Preferably, the baking temperature in step 3) is 65° C., and the baking time is 36 hours.
本发明提供了所述中药组合物在制备治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的药物中的应用。The invention provides an application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in preparing a medicine for treating grouper pseudomonas metamorphosis.
优选的,所述中药组合物的有效抑菌浓度为60~80mg/L。Preferably, the effective antibacterial concentration of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is 60-80 mg/L.
优选的,所述药物组合物的投喂量为石斑鱼饲料质量的1.8~2.4%。Preferably, the feeding amount of the pharmaceutical composition is 1.8-2.4% of the mass of grouper feed.
优选的,所述药物治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的用药时间为30~45d。Preferably, the drug is administered for 30 to 45 days for the treatment of grouper Pseudomonas metamorphosis.
本发明提供用于治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的中药组合物,将黄连、黄芪和黄柏按照质量比为0.9~1.3:0.9~1.3:0.9~1.3的比例组合,复方药有协同增效作用,可较大提高单方药的药效,降低各药的用量,同时制备的中药组合物能较大程度提高治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的药效,比未投药病鱼的成活率提高60%以上。The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating grouper pseudomonas metamorphosis, which combines Coptidis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali and Phellodendron Phellodendron according to the mass ratio of 0.9-1.3:0.9-1.3:0.9-1.3, and the compound medicine has synergistic effect. The effect can greatly improve the efficacy of single prescription medicine and reduce the dosage of each medicine. At the same time, the prepared Chinese medicine composition can greatly improve the efficacy of treating grouper Pseudomonas metamorphosis, which is better than that of diseased fish without treatment. Survival rate increased by more than 60%.
同时本发明提供的组合物利用三联中药配方治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病,与单方中药治疗效果相比较,有治疗时间更短,疗效更好,比纯西药药物治疗残留少等优点。Simultaneously, the composition provided by the invention utilizes the triple traditional Chinese medicine formula to treat grouper pseudomonas metamorphoses. Compared with single Chinese medicine, it has the advantages of shorter treatment time, better curative effect, and less residue than pure western medicine.
本发明提供了所述组合物的制备方法,将中药组分黄连、黄芪和黄柏依次经过粉碎、超微粉碎和烘烤,得到的中药细粉混合,制备得到组合物。所述制备方法有利于中药组分中药物活性成分充分释放,提高药物功效,同时所述方法制备步骤简单,采用机械加工生产,重复性好,有利于实现批量化生产。The invention provides a preparation method of the composition. Chinese medicine components Coptidis Rhizome, Radix Astragali and Phellodendron Phellodendri are sequentially pulverized, superfinely pulverized and baked, and the obtained Chinese medicine fine powder is mixed to prepare the composition. The preparation method is conducive to the full release of the active ingredients in the traditional Chinese medicine components and improves the efficacy of the medicine. At the same time, the method has simple preparation steps, is produced by mechanical processing, has good repeatability, and is conducive to realizing mass production.
本发明提供了所述中药组合物在制备治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病药物中的应用。所述组合物能有效抑制变形假单胞菌的生长,从而实现制备的药物具有有效治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的目的。The invention provides an application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in preparing a medicine for treating grouper pseudomonas metamorphosis. The composition can effectively inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas mutans, so that the prepared medicine can effectively treat Pseudomonas mutans disease of grouper.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明提供治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的中药组合物,包括黄连、黄芪和黄柏;所述黄连、黄芪和黄柏的质量比为0.9~1.3:0.9~1.3:0.9~1.3,优选为1:1:1。The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating pseudomonas metamorphoses of grouper, comprising Coptidis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali and Phellodendron Phellodendri; the mass ratio of Coptidis Rhizoma, Astragalus Radix and Phellodendron Phellodendri is 0.9~1.3:0.9~1.3:0.9~1.3, preferably 1:1:1.
本发明对所述黄连、黄芪、黄柏的来源没有特殊限制,采用本领域技术人员所熟知的黄连、黄芪、黄柏即可。在本发明实施例中,所述黄连、黄芪和黄柏购自厦门连福堂药店。The present invention has no special limitation on the sources of the Coptis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali, and Phellodendron Phellodendri, and Coptis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali, and Phellodendron Phellodendri well-known to those skilled in the art can be used. In the embodiment of the present invention, the Coptidis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali and Cortex Phellodendron were purchased from Lianfutang Pharmacy in Xiamen.
本发明提供了所述中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The invention provides the preparation method of described Chinese medicine composition, comprises the following steps:
1)将黄连、黄芪和黄柏粉碎,得到中药粉末;1) Pulverizing Coptis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali and Cortex Phellodendri to obtain Chinese medicine powder;
2)将所述中药粉末进行超微粉碎,得到超微药粉;2) Superfinely pulverizing the traditional Chinese medicine powder to obtain superfine medicine powder;
3)将所述超微药粉在60~70℃条件下烘烤24~48h,得到的中药细粉为中药组合物。3) Baking the ultrafine medicinal powder at 60-70° C. for 24-48 hours, and the obtained Chinese medicine fine powder is a Chinese medicine composition.
本发明将黄连、黄芪和黄柏粉碎,得到中药粉末。粉碎后的中药粉末的粒径优选为140~160μm。更优选为150μm。所述粉碎时包括黄连、黄芪和黄柏分别粉碎或者将黄连、黄芪和黄柏按照上述配比混合再粉碎。本发明对所述粉碎的方法没有特殊限制,采用本领域技术人员所熟知的粉碎方法即可。在本发明实施例中,所述粉碎用仪器为型号为FW177的粉碎机,购自天津市泰斯特仪器有限公司。The present invention grinds coptis, astragalus and cortex cortex to obtain traditional Chinese medicine powder. The particle size of the pulverized traditional Chinese medicine powder is preferably 140-160 μm. More preferably, it is 150 μm. The pulverization includes pulverizing Coptis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali and Cortex Phellodendri separately or mixing Coptidis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali and Phellodendron Phellodendri according to the above ratio and then pulverizing. The present invention has no special limitation on the crushing method, and the crushing method known to those skilled in the art can be used. In the embodiment of the present invention, the pulverizing instrument is a pulverizer with a model number of FW177, purchased from Tianjin Test Instrument Co., Ltd.
得到中药粉末后,本发明将所述中药粉末进行超微粉碎,得到超微药粉。After the traditional Chinese medicine powder is obtained, the present invention carries out ultrafine pulverization on the traditional Chinese medicine powder to obtain the ultrafine medicinal powder.
在本发明中,所述超微粉碎前优选将所述中药粉末进行烘烤。所述烘烤的温度优选为60~70℃,更优选为65℃。所述烘烤的时间优选为24~48h,更优选为36h。烘烤使超微药粉的含水量降低,使符合超微粉碎的要求。In the present invention, the traditional Chinese medicine powder is preferably roasted before the ultrafine pulverization. The baking temperature is preferably 60-70°C, more preferably 65°C. The baking time is preferably 24-48 hours, more preferably 36 hours. Baking reduces the water content of the ultrafine powder, making it meet the requirements of ultrafine pulverization.
在本发明中,所述超微药粉的粒径优选为5~10μm,更优选为6~9μm,最优选为8μm。本发明对所述超微粉碎的方法没有特殊限制,采用本领域所熟知的超微粉碎的方法即可。在本发明实施例中,所述超微粉碎用仪器为型号为SQW-60的三清振动微粉机,购自山东三清不锈钢设备有限公司。所述超微粉碎有利于中药活性成分充分释放出来。In the present invention, the particle size of the ultrafine drug powder is preferably 5-10 μm, more preferably 6-9 μm, most preferably 8 μm. In the present invention, there is no special limitation on the ultrafine pulverization method, and the ultrafine pulverization method well known in the art can be used. In the embodiment of the present invention, the ultrafine pulverization instrument is a Sanqing vibrating micronizer with a model number of SQW-60, purchased from Shandong Sanqing Stainless Steel Equipment Co., Ltd. The ultrafine pulverization is conducive to the full release of the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine.
得到超微药粉后,本发明将所述超微药粉在60~70℃条件下烘烤24~48h,得到中药组合物。在本发明中,所述烘烤的温度优为65℃,所述烘烤的时间优为36h。烘烤使超微药粉的含水量降低。After obtaining the ultrafine medicinal powder, the present invention bakes the ultrafine medicinal powder at 60-70° C. for 24-48 hours to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine composition. In the present invention, the baking temperature is preferably 65° C., and the baking time is preferably 36 hours. Baking reduces the moisture content of the superfine powder.
本发明提供了所述中药组合物在制备治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病药物中的应用。The invention provides an application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in preparing a medicine for treating grouper pseudomonas metamorphosis.
在本发明中,所述中药组合物对石斑鱼变形假单胞菌的抑菌实验包括以下步骤:所述中药组合物配制为溶液,将得到的中药组合物溶液对0.1mL菌量浓度108CFU/mL的变形假单胞菌滴入平板、涂匀,观察抑菌情况。结果发现中药组合物溶液的有效浓度为60~80mg/L为极敏感。中药组合物溶液的有效浓度更优选为65~75mg/L,最优选为70mg/L。In the present invention, the bacteriostasis experiment of the Chinese medicine composition on Pseudomonas metamorphans of the grouper comprises the following steps: the Chinese medicine composition is prepared as a solution, and the obtained Chinese medicine composition solution has a bacterial concentration of 10 to 0.1 mL. 8 CFU/mL of Pseudomonas mutans was dropped into the plate, spread evenly, and observed the antibacterial situation. As a result, it was found that the effective concentration of the Chinese medicine composition solution was 60-80 mg/L, which was extremely sensitive. The effective concentration of the traditional Chinese medicine composition solution is more preferably 65-75 mg/L, most preferably 70 mg/L.
在本发明中,采用中药组合物制备药物时,中药组合物在药物中的质量百分含量为1.8%~2.4%。In the present invention, when the traditional Chinese medicine composition is used to prepare the medicine, the mass percentage of the Chinese medicine composition in the medicine is 1.8%-2.4%.
在本发明中,所述药物的制备方法优选包括以下步骤:将饲料制成饲料细粉,将上述方案制备的中药组合物与饲料细粉混合,制粒,得到药物。本发明对所述混合的方法没有特殊限制,采用本领域所熟知的混合方法即可。本发明对所述制粒的方法没有特殊限制,采用本领域所熟知的制粒方法即可。In the present invention, the preparation method of the medicine preferably includes the following steps: making the feed into feed fine powder, mixing the traditional Chinese medicine composition prepared by the above scheme with the feed fine powder, and granulating to obtain the medicine. The present invention has no special limitation on the mixing method, and a mixing method well known in the art can be used. The present invention has no special limitation on the granulation method, and the granulation method well known in the art can be adopted.
在本发明中,将药物组合物添加到斜带石斑鱼基础饲料中做成药物颗粒料,中药组合物的质量优选占药物总质量的1.8%~2.4%,更优选为2.0%。所述中药组合物的投饲量优选为鱼体质量的2%~3%,更优选为2.5%。In the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition is added to the basal feed of the grouper to make pharmaceutical pellets, and the mass of the traditional Chinese medicine composition preferably accounts for 1.8% to 2.4% of the total mass of the medicine, more preferably 2.0%. The feeding amount of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is preferably 2%-3% of the fish body mass, more preferably 2.5%.
在本发明中,所述药物治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的用药时间优选为30~45d。In the present invention, the drug is preferably administered for 30 to 45 days for the treatment of grouper Pseudomonas metamorphosis.
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的一种用于治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。A kind of traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating grouper Pseudomonas metamorphosis provided by the present invention and its preparation method and application are described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
从厦门连福堂药店购买黄连、黄芪、黄柏;将中药用中药粉碎机粉碎(FW177,天津市泰斯特仪器有限公司)粉碎至约150μm,然后放入超微粉碎机(三清振动微粉机,SQW-60,山东三清不锈钢设备有限公司)中进一步粉碎,直至颗粒粒径大小为5~10μm,收集超微药粉备用。将所述三种超微药粉分别在60℃条件下烘烤48h,得到中药细粉;称量上述得到的中药细粉,黄连细粉0.9kg,黄芪细粉1.3kg,黄柏细粉0.9kg,得到中药组合物。Purchase Coptis chinensis, Radix Astragali, Phellodendron Phellodendri from Lianfutang Pharmacy in Xiamen; pulverize traditional Chinese medicine with a traditional Chinese medicine pulverizer (FW177, Tianjin Test Instrument Co., Ltd.) , SQW-60, Shandong Sanqing Stainless Steel Equipment Co., Ltd.) for further pulverization until the particle size is 5-10 μm, and the superfine powder is collected for later use. The three kinds of ultrafine medicinal powders were baked at 60° C. for 48 hours to obtain fine powders of traditional Chinese medicines; the fine powders of traditional Chinese medicines obtained above were weighed, 0.9 kg of Coptidis Rhizoma fine powder, 1.3 kg of Astragalus membranaceus fine powder, and 0.9 kg of Phellodendron Phellodendri fine powder, The traditional Chinese medicine composition is obtained.
实施例2Example 2
将黄柏、黄连、黄芪的中药粉碎至160μm,得到三种中药粉末;将所述三种中药粉末分别进行超微粉碎至粒径10μm,得到三种超微药粉;将所述三种超微药粉分别在70℃条件下烘烤24h,得到中药细粉;称量上述得到的中药细粉,黄连细粉1.2kg,黄芪细粉0.9kg,黄柏细粉1.0kg,混合,得到中药组合物。Pulverize the traditional Chinese medicines of Phellodendron Phellodendri, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Radix Astragali to 160 μm to obtain three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine powders; respectively ultrafinely pulverize the three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine powders to a particle size of 10 μm to obtain three kinds of ultrafine medicinal powders; Bake at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain fine powder of traditional Chinese medicine; weigh the fine powder of traditional Chinese medicine obtained above, 1.2 kg of fine powder of coptis, 0.9 kg of fine powder of astragalus, and 1.0 kg of fine powder of Cortex Phellodendri, and mix to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine composition.
实施例3Example 3
将黄柏、黄连、黄芪的中药粉碎至150μm,得到三种中药粉末;将所述三种中药粉末分别进行超微粉碎至粒径8μm,得到三种超微药粉;将所述三种超微药粉分别在65℃条件下烘烤36h,得到中药细粉;称量上述得到的中药细粉,黄连细粉1.0kg,黄芪细粉1.0kg,黄柏细粉1.0kg,混合,得到中药组合物。Pulverize the Chinese medicines of Phellodendron Phellodendri, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Radix Astragali to 150 μm to obtain three kinds of Chinese medicine powders; respectively ultrafinely pulverize the three kinds of Chinese medicine powders to a particle size of 8 μm to obtain three kinds of ultrafine medicine powders; Bake at 65°C for 36 hours to obtain fine powder of traditional Chinese medicine; weigh the fine powder of traditional Chinese medicine obtained above, 1.0 kg of fine powder of coptis, 1.0 kg of fine powder of astragalus, and 1.0 kg of fine powder of cork phellodendron, and mix to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine composition.
对比例1Comparative example 1
称量实施例3制备的黄连中药细粉1.0kg,得到单方药物。Weigh 1.0 kg of Coptidis rhizoma fine powder prepared in Example 3 to obtain a single prescription.
对比例2Comparative example 2
称量实施例3制备的黄芪细粉2.0kg和黄柏细粉2.0kg,得到复方二联中药组合物。Weigh 2.0 kg of Astragalus fine powder and 2.0 kg of Phellodendron Phellodendri fine powder prepared in Example 3 to obtain a compound dual Chinese medicine composition.
对比例3Comparative example 3
从江阴天江药业有限公司购买连翘,按照实施例3的方法制备得到连翘中药细粉,称量连翘中药细粉1.5kg,与实施例3制备的黄连细粉1.5kg和黄芪细粉1.5kg混合,得到复方三联中药组合物。Purchase Forsythia from Jiangyin Tianjiang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., prepare Forsythia Chinese medicine fine powder according to the method of Example 3, weigh 1.5kg of Forsythia Chinese medicine fine powder, and mix with Coptidis fine powder 1.5kg and Astragalus fine powder prepared in Example 3. Powder 1.5kg mixes, obtains compound prescription triple Chinese medicine composition.
对比例4Comparative example 4
用牛津杯法,参照WHO推荐的K-B纸片琼脂扩散法(桂炳东等,2001)中恩诺沙星药敏纸片的药物浓度,在每孔中加入以上浓度药物。恩诺沙星(兴化市恒威生物技术有限公司)。将1×108CFU/mL变形假单胞菌200μL菌悬液均匀涂布于LB培养基平板上,根据CLSIM100的最新标准判定结果。测量抑菌圈直径,判定变形假单胞菌与变形假单胞菌的敏感性。Using the Oxford cup method, refer to the drug concentration of enrofloxacin drug-sensitive discs in the KB disc agar diffusion method recommended by WHO (Gui Bingdong et al., 2001), and add the drug at the above concentration into each well. Enrofloxacin (Xinghua Hengwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). Spread 1×10 8 CFU/mL Pseudomonas mutans 200 μL bacterial suspension evenly on the LB medium plate, and judge the result according to the latest standard of CLSIM100. The diameter of the inhibition zone was measured to determine the sensitivity of Pseudomonas mutans and Pseudomonas mutans.
实施例4~6Embodiment 4~6
将实施例1制备的组合物与水混合,并隔水加热,制备成溶液相当于生药的质量浓度为60mg/ml、70mg/ml和80mg/ml。实施例2和3制备的组合物按照上述方法同样制备成60mg/ml、70mg/ml和80mg/ml的药物溶液。The composition prepared in Example 1 was mixed with water, and heated over water to prepare solutions with mass concentrations equivalent to crude drugs of 60 mg/ml, 70 mg/ml and 80 mg/ml. The compositions prepared in Examples 2 and 3 were also prepared into 60 mg/ml, 70 mg/ml and 80 mg/ml drug solutions according to the above method.
利用牛津杯法研究药物对细菌的作用效果,在平板中倒入10~12mL灭菌后的LB固体培养基,待凝固后,用镊子轻轻在每个培养皿中等距离放入4个牛津杯浸入培养基中,取12~15mL的LB培养基(温度以不烫手为宜)混合均匀倒入平板上,待凝固后,将牛津杯取下,将变形假单胞菌稀释至1.0x108~3.0x108CFU/mL,用移液枪吸取0.1mL菌悬液,滴入平板,用涂布器涂匀,用移液枪在1个孔中加入200μL的无菌水为对照,在另3个孔中用移液枪加入上述3种不同浓度的药液200μL,每个试验组和对照组均设置3个重复组。置于26~30℃条件下,恒温培养18~36h,观察抑菌圈,并用SupcreG1菌落计数/筛选/抑菌圈测量联用仪(杭州迅数科技有限公司)测量抑菌圈大小,每个实验3次重复。计算平均值,进行对比研究,根据抑菌圈直径大小判定其抑菌能力的强弱。抑菌圈结果见表1。Use the Oxford cup method to study the effect of drugs on bacteria. Pour 10-12mL of sterilized LB solid medium into the plate. After solidification, use tweezers to gently place 4 Oxford cups in each petri dish at equal distances. Immerse in the medium, take 12-15mL of LB medium (the temperature should not be hot), mix it evenly and pour it on the plate, after it solidifies, remove the Oxford cup, and dilute Pseudomonas mutans to 1.0x10 8 ~ 3.0x10 8 CFU/mL, draw 0.1mL of bacterial suspension with a pipette gun, drop it into the plate, spread it evenly with a spreader, add 200 μL of sterile water into one well with a pipette gun as a control, and in the other 3 Add 200 μL of the above-mentioned three different concentrations of medicinal solutions to each well with a pipette gun, and set up three replicate groups for each test group and control group. Placed at 26-30°C, cultured at constant temperature for 18-36 hours, observed the inhibition zone, and measured the size of the inhibition zone with SupcreG1 colony counting/screening/inhibition zone measurement instrument (Hangzhou Xunshu Technology Co., Ltd.). The experiment was repeated 3 times. Calculate the average value, conduct comparative research, and judge the strength of its antibacterial ability according to the diameter of the antibacterial zone. The results of the inhibition zone are shown in Table 1.
表1实施例1~3制备的组合物不同浓度溶液的抑菌情况The bacteriostasis situation of the composition different concentration solutions prepared by table 1 embodiment 1~3
对比例5~8Comparative example 5-8
按照实施例4~6的方法将对比例1~4制备的中药溶液进行抑菌实验,观察抑菌圈和抑菌能力。结果见表2。According to the method of Examples 4-6, the antibacterial experiment was carried out on the traditional Chinese medicine solutions prepared in Comparative Examples 1-4, and the antibacterial zone and antibacterial ability were observed. The results are shown in Table 2.
表2对比例1~4制备的组合物不同浓度溶液的抑菌情况The bacteriostasis situation of the different concentration solutions of the composition prepared in the comparative example 1~4 of table 2
实施例7~11Examples 7-11
将实施例1~3制备的中药组合物分别与石斑鱼基础饲料按照1.8~2.4:98.2~97.6的质量比混合,制粒,得到3组药物。The traditional Chinese medicine compositions prepared in Examples 1-3 were respectively mixed with the grouper basal feed according to the mass ratio of 1.8-2.4:98.2-97.6, and granulated to obtain three groups of medicines.
每尾试验石斑鱼用103CFU/g的变形假单胞活菌菌悬液通过胸腔注射的方式对受试鱼进行攻毒,变形假单胞活菌液0.2mL。攻毒后每组都投喂基础饲料,喂养40d,得到患有变形假单胞菌感染的石斑鱼。每个养殖池投放20尾患有变形假单胞菌感染的石斑鱼。Each test grouper was challenged with 10 3 CFU/g of viable Pseudomonas mutans suspension by pleural injection, 0.2 mL of viable Pseudomonas mutans solution. After challenge, each group was fed with basal feed for 40 days to obtain grouper infected with Pseudomonas mutans. Put 20 groupers suffering from Pseudomonas mutans infection into each breeding pond.
试验组1~3投喂上述实施例1~3制备的3组药物,具体饲喂关系见表3,饲喂量为相当于投喂的中药组合物质量占养殖池中石斑鱼体重的2%~3%,每天饲喂的次数为2次,共饲喂40d。待鱼饱食后吸出残饵。日换水一次,换水量为总体积的1/3。同时还设立对照组Ⅰ(正常喂基础饲料,健康鱼)和对照组Ⅱ(正常喂基础饲料,变形假单胞菌攻毒鱼),每个试验组和对照组均设置3个重复组。每天保持观察并记录存活情况(观察40d),记录发病症状及死亡情况,解剖检查死亡鱼,计算累积死亡率(Cumulative mortalityrate)。Test groups 1 to 3 were fed with the 3 groups of medicines prepared in the above-mentioned examples 1 to 3, and the specific feeding relationship was shown in Table 3. The feeding amount was equivalent to 2% of the grouper body weight in the culture pond as the quality of the traditional Chinese medicine composition. ~3%, the number of times of feeding is 2 times a day, and a total of 40 days of feeding. After the fish is full, suck out the residual bait. Change the water once a day, and the water change volume is 1/3 of the total volume. At the same time, control group Ⅰ (normally fed basal diet, healthy fish) and control group Ⅱ (normally fed basal diet, Pseudomonas mutans challenged fish) were also set up, and each test group and control group were set up with 3 replicate groups. Observe and record the survival every day (observation for 40 days), record the symptoms and death, dissect and check the dead fish, and calculate the cumulative mortality rate (Cumulative mortality rate).
每一组实验中鱼如仍有存活,仍继续以上方式投喂,至鱼全部死亡。统计鱼50%、100%死亡时间。In each group of experiments, if the fish still survived, the above method of feeding was continued until all the fish died. Statistical fish 50%, 100% dead time.
表3试验组1~3投喂上述制备的3组药物以及对照组的累积死亡率Table 3 Cumulative mortality rate of test groups 1-3 fed with the above-mentioned 3 groups of drugs and control group
实施例12Example 12
人工攻毒与中药防治石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病:Prevention and treatment of grouper Pseudomonas metamorphoses by artificial challenge and traditional Chinese medicine:
1、人工感染实验:实验开始前,对实验斜带石斑鱼注射变形假单胞菌进行攻毒预实验,80%以上发生病症但不引起死亡的浓度定为实验菌液浓度。斜带石斑鱼购自福建省漳浦市某养殖场,体长(11±2)cm,暂养于1t水体的循环水养殖系统。暂养1周后用于实验。把体重、大小相当的健康斜带石斑鱼随机分成实验组和对照组,每组各20尾,分别在18℃的循环水养殖系统内适应性饲养一周。用103CFU/g的变形假单胞菌菌悬液通过胸腔注射的方式对受试鱼进行攻毒。对照组斜带石斑鱼则用PBS缓冲液注射。然后分别把4组鱼转入饲养水体中进行喂养。试验设对照组Ⅰ(喂饲料,健康鱼)、对照组Ⅱ(喂饲料,变形假单胞菌攻毒鱼),试验组Ⅰ(喂饲料加实施例1制备的中药联用复方,变形假单胞菌攻毒鱼),另与生产中常用药物进行治疗效果对比,设对照组Ⅲ(喂饲料加2.2%板黄散,变形假单胞菌攻毒鱼)、对照组Ⅳ(喂饲料加2.2%大黄五倍子散,变形假单胞菌攻毒鱼),每个试验组和对照组均设置3个重复组。试验开始后,每日于8:00、17:00投喂2次,投饲量为鱼体质量的2%~3%,并根据生长、摄食情况作调整。待鱼饱食后吸出残饵。日换水一次,换水量为总体积的1/3。试验基础饲料由公司提供。试验饲料分别中添加复方中草药制剂;对照组饲料中不添加。1, artificial infection experiment: before the experiment starts, the experimental grouper is injected with Pseudomonas mutans to carry out the challenge pre-experiment, more than 80% symptoms occur but the concentration that does not cause death is determined as the experimental bacterium liquid concentration. The oblique-banded grouper was purchased from a farm in Zhangpu City, Fujian Province, with a body length of (11±2) cm, and was temporarily raised in a recirculating aquaculture system of 1 ton of water. They were used for experiments after 1 week of holding. Healthy grouper with similar weight and size were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 20 fish in each group, and they were adaptively raised in a recirculating aquaculture system at 18°C for one week. The tested fish were challenged with 10 3 CFU/g Pseudomonas mutans suspension through pleural injection. The grouper in the control group was injected with PBS buffer. Then transfer the 4 groups of fish into the rearing water body for feeding. Test set control group Ⅰ (feed, healthy fish), control group Ⅱ (feed, Pseudomonas mutans attack poisonous fish), test group Ⅰ (feed plus the traditional Chinese medicine compound prepared in Example 1, deformed pseudomonas Bacteria challenged fish), and compared with the commonly used drugs in production for therapeutic effects, set up control group Ⅲ (feed plus 2.2% Banhuang powder, Pseudomonas proteus challenge fish), control group Ⅳ (feed plus 2.2% % rhubarb galla powder, Pseudomonas mutans challenged fish), each test group and control group were set up 3 repetition groups. After the start of the experiment, they were fed twice a day at 8:00 and 17:00, and the feeding amount was 2% to 3% of the fish body weight, and adjusted according to the growth and feeding conditions. After the fish is full, suck out the residual bait. Change the water once a day, and the water change volume is 1/3 of the total volume. The experimental basal feed was provided by the company. Compound Chinese herbal medicine preparations were added to the test feeds; no additions were made to the control group feeds.
每天保持观察并记录存活情况(观察40d),记录发病症状及死亡情况,解剖检查死亡鱼,计算累积死亡率(Cumulative mortalityrate)。Observe and record the survival every day (observation for 40 days), record the symptoms and death, dissect and check the dead fish, and calculate the cumulative mortality rate (Cumulative mortality rate).
RCM=[(N0-Nt)/N0]×100%式aRCM=[(N0-Nt)/N0]×100% formula a
式a中:RCM为累积死亡率(%);N0为试验初鱼数;Nt为试验结束鱼数;进行相关指标检测。但鱼如仍有存活,仍继续以上方式投喂,至鱼全部死亡。测死亡率(初始鱼成活率、半数鱼死亡时间、全部鱼死亡时间)。In formula a: RCM is the cumulative mortality rate (%); N0 is the number of fish at the beginning of the test; Nt is the number of fish at the end of the test; relevant index detection is carried out. However, if the fish are still alive, continue to feed them in the above way until all the fish die. Measure the mortality rate (initial fish survival rate, half fish death time, all fish death time).
2、中药治疗石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病,药饵组和对照组鱼的成活率结果2. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment of grouper Pseudomonas metamorphoses, the survival rate results of the bait group and the control group
对照组和经活菌人工感染斜带石斑鱼后试验组,各组的死亡情况如表4。Table 4 shows the mortality of each group after the control group and the experimental group were artificially infected with living bacteria.
攻毒试验结果在攻毒试验5天后,各组斜带石斑鱼实验组陆续出现死亡,试验鱼开始出现病症。Results of the challenge test After 5 days of the challenge test, the grouper groupers in each group died one after another, and the test fish began to show symptoms.
试验证明,攻毒后40d内鱼的死亡趋于稳定,故本试验记录攻毒后40d内各组的死亡数,在攻毒第1天和第2天各试验组鱼摄食量明显减少,病鱼死亡数量对照组Ⅱ>对照组Ⅳ>对照组Ⅲ>试验组Ⅰ>对照组Ⅰ。Tests have proved that the death of fish tends to be stable within 40 days after the challenge, so this test records the number of deaths in each group within 40 days after the challenge, and the food intake of the fish in each test group was significantly reduced on the first day and the second day after the challenge. The number of fish deaths was control group Ⅱ > control group Ⅳ > control group Ⅲ > test group Ⅰ > control group Ⅰ.
试验结束时,对照组Ⅰ(空白对照组、健康鱼投饲料)均健康存活,成活率为100.00%,且活动和摄食均正常,无肉眼可见的病症。At the end of the test, the control group I (blank control group, fed with healthy fish) was healthy and alive, with a survival rate of 100.00%, and their activities and food intake were normal, without any visible symptoms.
对照组Ⅱ在菌悬液注射后3d出现死亡1尾,14~15d为死亡高峰期,17d全部死亡(20尾)。In the control group Ⅱ, 1 animal died 3 days after the injection of the bacterial suspension, the peak period of death was 14-15 days, and all died (20 animals) on the 17th day.
试验组Ⅰ在菌悬液注射后16d出现死亡2尾,38d为死亡高峰期,死亡11尾。53d100%死亡。而生产常用药治疗组对照组Ⅲ、对照组Ⅳ40d死亡率为85.00%、95%。死亡率高于本组配方用药。In the experimental group Ⅰ, 2 animals died 16 days after the injection of the bacterial suspension, and 11 animals died on the 38th day, which was the peak period of death. 53d 100% dead. The 40-day mortality rates of the control group III and IV in the production of commonly used drugs were 85.00% and 95%. The mortality rate was higher than that of this group of prescription drugs.
表4对照组和经活菌人工感染斜带石斑鱼后试验组的死亡情况Table 4 The death situation of the control group and the test group after artificially infecting the grouper with live bacteria
实验结果表明:喂饲料加中药复方能较好治疗斜带石斑鱼变形假单胞菌病。治疗效果优于生产常用药板黄散、大黄五倍子散。The experimental results show that feeding feed plus traditional Chinese medicine compound can better treat Pseudomonas metamorphoses of the oblique grouper. The therapeutic effect is better than that of Banhuang San and Rhubarb Galla Powder, which are commonly used in the production.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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