CN108800203A - The oil ignition system and method for circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil ignition system and method for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, including an atomizing device, which is used to respectively provide atomizing wind and atomizing oil, and the atomizing wind and atomizing oil are placed in the ignition tube There is an igniter inside to ignite. The ignition mode equipped with atomizing wind in the present invention starts quickly and saves fuel consumption. When the atomizing wind is not used, the ignition oil pressure is controlled at 1.2-1.5MPa. After the atomizing wind is configured, the oil pressure of the present invention is controlled at 0.5 MPa, the wind pressure is controlled at 0.5MPa, so that the oil sprayed by the oil gun is atomized well, the igniter is ignited and then burns well, the temperature rise speed is increased quickly, and the heat utilization rate of oil and fuel is high, which saves energy and reduces human resources. waste.

Description

Oil ignition system and method for circulating fluidized bed boiler

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil ignition, in particular to an oil ignition system and method for a circulating fluidized bed boiler.

Background technique

The oil ignition system is an important auxiliary system of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. When igniting, use a torch to ignite. If the negative pressure of the furnace is not adjusted properly, it will cause fire extinguishing, long ignition time, and sometimes coking of the large bed, which will affect the normal start of the boiler. Can cause the waste of manpower and material resources again.

If the ignition time is a little longer, the burner may explode due to excessive accumulation of combustibles in the oil, making the boiler unable to start, and the boiler has to be shut down for maintenance, which may also endanger the safety of personnel.

When the boiler cannot be started normally, it affects the user's electricity and steam consumption, which will cause huge losses to the boiler user.

To sum up, there is currently no solution to the problem of local coking caused by uneven heating of the large bed at the initial stage of ignition and the problem of combustible deflagration caused by long ignition time.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an oil ignition system for circulating fluidized bed boilers. The system is equipped with the ignition mode of atomizing air, which can start quickly and save fuel consumption. After the atomizing air is configured, the oil pressure Controlled at 0.5MPa, wind pressure controlled at 0.5MPa, so that the oil sprayed by the oil gun atomizes well, burns well after the igniter is ignited, the temperature rise speed is increased quickly, and the heat utilization rate of oil and fuel is high, which saves energy and reduces waste of human resources.

The oil ignition system of the circulating fluidized bed boiler includes an atomizing device, which is used to respectively provide atomized air and atomized oil, and the atomized air and atomized oil are ignited by an igniter in the ignition cylinder.

In a further preferred technical solution, the atomization device includes a compressed air main door arranged on the compressed air pipeline, and another pipeline connected to the compressed air pipeline is also equipped with a compressed air door arranged on one side. The compressed air door is connected to the igniter in the igniter through a pipeline, and the amount of compressed air entering the igniter in the igniter is controlled by controlling the size of the main compressed air door and the compressed air door arranged on one side;

The atomization device also includes a main oil inlet door arranged on the oil pipeline, the oil inlet main door is connected to the oil gun through the pipeline, and the oil gun is connected to the igniter in the ignition cylinder, and the oil gun is provided with The oil gun manual door and the oil gun electromagnetic valve control the amount of oil entering the igniter in the ignition cylinder by controlling the size of the oil inlet main door, the oil gun manual door and the oil gun electromagnetic valve.

In a further preferred technical solution, the oil inlet main door is also connected to the oil tank, one end of the oil tank is connected to the oil inlet main door through the oil recirculation door, and the other end of the oil tank is connected to the oil outlet main door , the oil outlet main gate is connected to the oil inlet main gate through an oil pump.

In a further preferred technical solution, the oil pump includes two oil pumps, each oil pump is equipped with an accelerator at both ends, and the oil tank is also provided with an oil tank air door and an oil tank drain door.

A method for operating an oil ignition system of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising:

Check to make sure that there is no oil inside the system, pull out the igniter, and press the ignition test to confirm that the igniter is igniting normally;

Then push the igniter to the position, start the oil pump to adjust the oil pressure to reach the ignition oil pressure;

Open the combustion air damper and the atomizing air, after purging the oil system, press the ignition to generate sparks, open the oil passage into the throttle, and you can observe the fire immediately, if the ignition fails, stop the oil intake immediately, and turn on the combustion air to The combustion chamber is purged and re-ignited after checking that there is no abnormality. After the ignition is successful, the igniter is withdrawn, the temperature is controlled to rise slowly, and the combustion air is used for regulation.

A further preferred technical solution is to start the oil pump to adjust the oil pressure to reach the ignition oil pressure, specifically: open the oil outlet main door and the throttle of the oil pump, adjust the oil recirculation door, and control the oil pressure at the set value.

A further preferred technical solution is to open the combustion air small damper and the atomizing air, specifically: open and adjust the main compressed air door and the compressed air door on one side, and control the air pressure at the set value.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The ignition mode equipped with the atomizing wind of the present invention starts quickly and saves fuel consumption. When the atomizing wind is not used, the ignition oil pressure is controlled at 1.2-1.5 MPa. After the atomizing wind is configured, the oil pressure of the present invention is controlled at 0.5 MPa, the wind pressure is controlled at 0.5MPa, so that the oil sprayed by the oil gun is atomized well, the igniter is ignited and then burns well, the temperature rise speed is increased quickly, and the heat utilization rate of oil and fuel is high, which saves energy and reduces human resources. waste.

The atomizing wind ignition method of the present invention solves the problem of partial coking caused by uneven heating of the large bed at the initial stage of ignition, which brings harm to the operator when handling coke blocks.

The invention lays the foundation for the safe startup of the boiler, and the phenomenon of deflagration of the combustible device does not appear again.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations to the present application.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present application;

In the figure, 1——Oil tank; 2——Oil tank air door; 3——Oil tank drain door; 4——Oil outlet main door; 5——#1 oil pump; 6——#1 oil pump throttle; 7 ——#2 oil pump; 8——#2 oil pump throttle; 9——pressure gauge; 10——oil recirculation door; 11——compressed air main door; 12——left compressed air door; 13——#9 Furnace oil inlet main door; 14 - oil gun manual door; 15 - oil gun electromagnetic valve, 16 - igniter; 17 - ignition cylinder.

Detailed ways

It should be pointed out that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation to the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.

A typical implementation example, the oil ignition system of a circulating fluidized bed boiler includes an ignition system, an oil system, a combustion air system and a combustion chamber system.

Among them, the ignition system is mainly composed of: igniter, push mechanism, high voltage generator and so on. The oil system is mainly composed of: oil pump, oil quantity control device, atomization device, and the atomization device acts as atomization wind atomization. It should be noted that the connection of compressed air to the oil gun for atomization is an improvement point of this implementation example compared with the prior art, and the specific improvement in structure is the addition of a compressed air channel.

Combustion air system is composed of air volume control device and air duct. The air volume control device can be a damper during specific implementation, and the wind in the air duct is generally hot air.

The ignition chamber system is a combustion space constructed of high-temperature heat-resistant materials, which is used for burning oil to generate high-temperature flue gas, while ignition in the upper part does not require high-temperature flue gas.

Introduction about the igniter: At present, most of the high-voltage igniters are used, that is, high-voltage current is generated by a high-voltage generator, and the discharge is carried out at the tip of the igniter. The principle is the same as that of an electric baton. The atomization is equipped with an independent atomizing air system, which uses compressed air to atomize, similar to a sprayer.

In this implementation example, the atomizing device includes a compressed air main door 11 arranged on the compressed air pipeline, and a left compressed air door 12 arranged on the left side is installed on another pipeline connected to the compressed air pipeline, so The compressed air door is connected to the igniter 16 in the igniter 17 through a pipeline, and the amount of compressed air entering the igniter in the igniter is controlled by controlling the total compressed air door and the size of the compressed air door arranged on one side;

The atomization device also includes the #9 furnace oil inlet main door 13 arranged on the oil pipeline, the oil inlet main door is connected to the oil gun through the pipeline, and the oil gun is connected to the igniter in the ignition tube, and the oil gun is provided with The oil gun manual door 14 and the oil gun electromagnetic valve 15 control the oil quantity of the igniter entering the igniter by controlling the size control of the oil inlet main door, the oil gun manual door and the oil gun electromagnetic valve.

The oil inlet main door is also connected to the oil tank 1, one end of the oil tank is connected to the oil inlet main door through the oil recirculation door 10, and the other end of the oil tank is connected to the oil outlet main door 4, and the oil The outlet main door is connected to the oil inlet main door through an oil pump. The oil pump includes #1 oil pump 5 and #2 oil pump 7, the two ends of #1 oil pump are respectively connected with #1 oil pump throttle 6, and the two ends of #2 oil pump are respectively connected with #2 oil pump throttle 8. On the pipeline between oil pump and #9 stove oil inlet main door, also be provided with the pressure gauge 9 that detects oil pump pressure.

The oil tank is also provided with an oil tank air door 2 and an oil tank drain door 3 .

The atomizing wind of the present invention is specifically compressed air and atomized oil sprayed from an atomizing oil gun, and an igniter is ignited in the ignition tube to fully burn the oil and air inside. This compressed air is only used when lighting the furnace, or when the boiler is extinguished and the oil pump is started. On the basis of the original pipeline, add a path of compressed air and connect it to the ignition cylinder. This path of compressed air is connected to the pipeline of compressed air used by the ash pump, without adding new equipment.

The working process of the ignition is: open the oil outlet main door 4, #2 oil pump throttle 8, oil recirculation door 10, start #2 oil pump 7, adjust the oil recirculation door 10, control the oil pressure to 0.5MPa, open the compressed air main door 11. Left compressed air door 12, control wind pressure 0.2MPa, open #9 furnace oil inlet main door 13, oil gun manual door 14, oil gun electromagnetic valve 15, open igniter 16, the hot smoke generated after ignition is The primary air is sent into the fluidized bed to heat the bottom material through the air distribution plate, and the igniter 16 is a device for igniting the fuel.

The technical principle of ignition is: the bed material is heated by the hot flue gas entering the fluidized bed through the air distribution plate. Before ignition, the main air duct dampers on both sides of the air chamber are closed, and after ignition, the device is opened. The hot flue gas generated after the oil gun is ignited is sent to the fluidized bed to heat the bottom material by the primary air through the air distribution plate. The whole ignition process is divided into three stages. 1) Bed material heating: heat the bottom material to the ignition temperature. 2) Ignition and deflagration of the bottom material: After the bottom material reaches a certain ignition temperature, fuel is properly supplied, and the bed temperature is further raised by safe combustion and heat release. 3) Transition to normal operating parameters: use air volume to control the bed temperature, supply fuel when it is on, adjust the ratio of air and fuel, and gradually transition to normal operating parameters. When the bed temperature is above 850°C in the late stage of ignition, withdraw the oil gun in time and switch the ignition damper to the main air duct damper.

The principle of the igniter: a high-voltage current is generated by a high-voltage generator, and the discharge is carried out at the tip of the igniter. The principle is different from that of an electric baton, and the atomized oil is ignited by the generated spark.

The oil tank 1 is a device for storing oil. Oil tank drain door 3 is to discharge the impurities at the bottom of the oil tank. The oil recirculation valve 10 is to fully open the oil recirculation valve 10 when the #2 oil pump 7 is started to avoid oil pressure overpressure, and then adjust the oil recirculation valve 10 as required.

The specific operation of the above-mentioned system in this application: first check to make sure that there is no oil in the system, pull out the igniter, and press the ignition test to confirm that the igniter is igniting normally. Then push the igniter to the position, start the oil pump to adjust the oil pressure to reach the ignition oil pressure, and turn on Combustion wind small damper and atomizing wind, after purging the oil system, press the ignition to generate sparks, open the oil passage into the throttle, the observation device can observe the immediate ignition, if it is found that the ignition fails, stop the oil intake immediately, and turn on the combustion The wind blows the combustion chamber, checks that there is no abnormality, and then re-ignites. After the ignition is successful, withdraw the igniter (to prevent the igniter from being burned out), and control the slow rise of the temperature. It can be regulated by combustion air. What needs to be explained is: ignition It is carried out when the boiler fan is started and the fluidizing air volume is maintained.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, there may be various modifications and changes in the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (8)

1. the oil ignition system of circulating fluidized bed boiler, characterized in that including atomising device, the atomising device for carrying respectively There is type of igniter pilot in ignition pot for atomization wind and fogging oil, the atomization wind and fogging oil.

2. the oil ignition system of circulating fluidized bed boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that the atomising device includes setting The total door of compressed air on compressed air pipe is set, is also equipped with and sets on another pipeline being connected with the compressed air pipe The compressed air door in side is set, the compressed air door is connected to the igniter in ignition pot by pipeline, is pressed by controlling The total door of contracting air and the compressed air that the size control in the compressed air door of side enters the igniter in ignition pot is set Amount.

3. the oil ignition system of circulating fluidized bed boiler as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the atomising device further includes The total door of oil inlet being arranged on oil line pipe, the total door of oil inlet are connected to oil gun by pipeline, and oil gun is connected in ignition pot Igniter, be provided with oil gun manually operated door and oil gun electromagnetic valve on the oil gun, pass through and control the total door of oil inlet, oil gun manually operated door And the size control of oil gun electromagnetic valve enters the oil mass of the igniter in ignition pot.

4. the oil ignition system of circulating fluidized bed boiler as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the total door of oil inlet is also connected with To oil tank, one end of the oil tank is connected to the total door of oil inlet by oily recirculation door, and the other end of the oil tank is connected to oil Total door is exported, the total door in outlet of the oil is connected to the total door of the oil inlet by oil pump.

5. the oil ignition system of circulating fluidized bed boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that the oil pump includes two, The both ends of each oil pump are each configured with throttle, and the oil tank is additionally provided with tank air door and oil tank sewage door.

6. a kind of operating method of the oil ignition system of circulating fluidized bed boiler, characterized in that including：

It checks and determines internal system oil-free, igniter is extracted out, by igniting experiments, determine that igniter sparking is normal；

Then igniter is promoted into position, starts oil pump adjusting oil pressure and reaches igniting oil pressure；

The burning small air door of wind and atomization wind are opened, after being purged to oil system, spark is generated by igniting, opens oil circuit oil inlet Door, is able to observe that and catches fire immediately, if loss of ignition, stop oil inlet immediately, and open large-scale combustion wind and purged to combustion chamber, Check it is without exception after light a fire again, after lighting a fire successfully, igniter is exited, controls the slow rising of temperature, with burning wind carry out Regulation and control.

7. a kind of operating method of the oil ignition system of circulating fluidized bed boiler described in claim 6, characterized in that start oil Pump adjusts oil pressure and reaches igniting oil pressure, specially：The total door in outlet of oil, the throttle of oil pump are opened, oily recirculation door, control are adjusted Oil pressure is in setting value.

8. a kind of operating method of the oil ignition system of circulating fluidized bed boiler described in claim 6, characterized in that open combustion The small air door of wind and atomization wind are burnt, specially：The total door of compressed air, side compressed air door are opened and adjust, control wind pressure is being set Definite value.