CN108721679B - 一种抗炎抑菌医用敷料 - Google Patents
一种抗炎抑菌医用敷料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种抗炎抑菌医用敷料，属于敷料制备领域。该方法通过制备茶树油脂质体与壳聚糖溶液复配得浸渍液，再将汉麻和粘胶复合纤维经水刺加固后，浸入浸渍液超声负载，热压后即得抗炎抑菌医用敷料，其中将茶树油做成脂质体解决了其挥发性强，稳定性差的问题，而且脂质体自身具有缓释作用，可以延长抗菌消炎有效时长，壳聚糖的复配使其具有更好的生物相容性，水刺法制成的纤维敷料具有柔软、卫生、透气、吸湿及无毛羽的优点，复配制得的医用敷料综合了各种原料的优点，是一种舒适有效的医用产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗炎抑菌医用敷料，属于敷料制备领域。
背景技术
皮肤是人体最大的器官，具有抵御外界微生物入侵、排泄及防止水分蒸发、调节体温、维持机体内环境稳定等重要作用，各国学者都在致力于通过各种方法积极促进伤口创面修复愈合。医用敷料作为伤口处的覆盖物，在伤口愈合过程中，可以替代受损的皮肤起到暂时性屏障作用，避免或控制伤口感染，提供有利于创面愈合的环境。
目前临床上使用最多的敷料主要由纱布、棉垫等，多由棉花、软麻布和亚麻布加工而成，属于惰性敷料，对创面的愈合无明显促进作用。这种敷料价格便宜，取材广泛，制作简单，对创面渗液有一定的吸收性，能保护创面，可重复使用。但随着对创面修复研究的不断深入，这种敷料由于不利于创面的愈合，容易引起创面感染，止血效果差等缺陷，日渐显现出它的局限性。
加入功能性抗菌剂，是提高新型敷料抗菌性能的重要途径。常用的抗菌剂包括银系、碘系、有机小分子抗菌剂、抗生素等。但银系价格昂贵，且容易引起重金属残留；碘的稳定性较差，对皮肤、粘膜的刺激性较强；有机小分子抗菌剂抗菌的广谱性和抗菌效果较差；而抗生素近年来逐渐被限制使用。
天然茶树油具有广泛的抗菌、消炎、抑菌作用，作为迄今为止最有效的天然抗菌剂，将茶树油应用于医用敷料具有极佳的效果，但是茶树油本身的挥发性和较大的刺激性，不易保存，稳定性差，影响药效的发挥而给其临床应用带来不便，因而研制高效稳定的茶树油产品具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题：针对目前临床上使用最多的敷料主要由纱布、棉垫等，属于惰性敷料，不利于创面的愈合，容易引起创面细菌感染，止血效果差，而作为一种天然抗菌剂，茶树油本身的挥发性和较大的刺激性，不易保存，稳定性差，影响药效的发挥而给其临床应用带来不便缺陷，提供了一种茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料的制备方法，该方法通过制备茶树油脂质体与壳聚糖溶液复配得浸渍液，再将汉麻和粘胶复合纤维经水刺加固后，浸入浸渍液超声负载，热压后即得抗炎抑菌医用敷料，其中将茶树油做成脂质体解决了其挥发性强，稳定性差的问题，而且脂质体自身具有缓释作用，可以延长抗菌消炎有效时长，壳聚糖的复配使其具有更好的生物相容性，水刺法制成的纤维敷料具有柔软、卫生、透气、吸湿及无毛羽的优点，复配制得的医用敷料综合了各种原料的优点，是一种舒适有效的医用产品。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
（1）称取150～250g大豆卵磷脂、20～30g胆固醇和2～4g胆酸钠一起溶于500～600mL无水乙醇中，放置在摇床上振荡溶解1～2h后倒入1L烧瓶中，放置在旋转蒸发器上以50～60r/min的转速旋蒸去除无水乙醇，在烧瓶内壁形成一层均匀的类脂膜；
（2）量取50～100mL茶树油和100～200mLpH为6.5的磷酸缓冲液倒入上述结膜的烧瓶中，放入漩涡振荡器中，以30～40W功率振荡洗脱瓶壁上的类脂膜，洗脱完毕后再将烧瓶移入微波反应器中，在45～55℃下水合反应40～50min，再经微孔滤膜过滤后得到茶树油脂质体，备用；
（3）称取300～400g汉麻纤维和200～300g粘胶纤维均匀平铺在筛网上，将30～40mL石蜡油以雾点状均匀的喷散在纤维上，喷洒结束后将纤维静置润油20～30h后，放入混棉箱中进行开松处理；
（4）将上述开松后的纤维放入固定盖板式梳理机中梳理成3～4道纤维束，并将纤维束切成35～40mm短纤维，用交叉铺网机铺网成克重为40～60g/m2的纤维网；
（5）将上述铺设好的纤维网放入水刺机，以2～3MPa的水刺压力和5～7m/min的水刺生产速度将复合纤维网正面和反面各进行水刺复合2～3次，使汉麻和粘胶混合纤维网在水刺的压力下紧密的缠结在一起，制得敷料基层纤维网；
（6）取200～300mL壳聚糖醋酸溶液放入烧杯中，该壳聚糖醋酸溶液中的壳聚糖的质量浓度为30%，加入20～30g备用的茶树油脂质体，磁力搅拌10～20min后将混合液放入浓缩罐中，减压至900～1000Pa，制得浓缩浸渍液；
（7）将敷料基层纤维网浸入上述制得的浓缩浸渍液中，以100～200W功率超声浸渍处理2～3h后取出，放入热压机，在5～7MPa压力下常温保压压制20～30min后裁剪成5×5cm的方块，包装后即得一种茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料。
本发明的应用方法：本发明制得的茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料可以用于各种外科手术、整形手术的术后切口或创面，使用前先用无菌纱布将创面周围皮肤擦干，再选用比创口长4～6cm的复合医用敷料覆盖创口，之后再以无菌纱布包扎，使敷料与创口紧贴，更换时间根据创面渗出液而定，渗出液多，敷料吸收饱和应及时更换，渗出液少，可隔2～3天更换，敷料的透气性极佳，消炎抗菌有效时长是普通敷料的2～3倍。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明制得的抗炎抑菌医用敷料中将茶树油做成脂质体解决了其挥发性强，稳定性差的问题，而且脂质体自身具有缓释作用，可以延长抗菌消炎有效时长，壳聚糖的复配使其具有更好的生物相容性，水刺法制成的纤维敷料具有柔软、卫生、透气、吸湿及无毛羽的优点，复配制得的医用敷料综合了各种原料的优点，是一种舒适有效的医用产品。
具体实施方式
称取150～250g大豆卵磷脂、20～30g胆固醇和2～4g胆酸钠一起溶于500～600mL无水乙醇中，放置在摇床上振荡溶解1～2h后倒入1L烧瓶中，放置在旋转蒸发器上以50～60r/min的转速旋蒸去除无水乙醇，在烧瓶内壁形成一层均匀的类脂膜；量取50～100mL茶树油和100～200mLpH为6.5磷酸缓冲液倒入上述结膜的烧瓶中，放入漩涡振荡器中，以30～40W功率振荡洗脱瓶壁上的类脂膜，洗脱完毕后再将烧瓶移入微波反应器中，在45～55℃下水合反应40～50min，用微孔滤膜过滤后得到茶树油脂质体，备用；称取300～400g汉麻纤维和200～300g粘胶纤维均匀平铺在筛网上，将30～40mL石蜡油以雾点状均匀的喷散在纤维上，喷洒结束后将纤维静置润油20～30h后，放入混棉箱中进行开松处理；将上述开松后的纤维放入固定盖板式梳理机中梳理成3～4道纤维束，并将纤维束切成35～40mm的短纤维，用交叉铺网机铺网成克重为40～60g/m2的纤维网；将上述铺设好的纤维网放入水刺机，以2～3MPa水刺压力和5～7m/min水刺生产速度将复合纤维网正面和反面各进行水刺复合2～3次，使汉麻和粘胶混合纤维网在水刺的压力下紧密的缠结在一起，制得敷料基层纤维网；取200～300mL壳聚糖醋酸溶液放入烧杯中，该壳聚糖醋酸溶液中的壳聚糖的质量浓度为30%，加入20～30g备用的茶树油脂质体，磁力搅拌10～20min后将混合液放入浓缩罐中，减压至900～1000Pa，制得浓缩浸渍液；将敷料基层纤维网浸入上述制得的浓缩浸渍液中，以100～200W功率超声浸渍处理2～3h后取出，放入热压机，以5～7MPa的压力下常温保压压制20～30min后裁剪成5×5cm的方块，包装后即得一种茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料。
实例1
称取150g大豆卵磷脂、20g胆固醇和2g胆酸钠一起溶于500mL无水乙醇中，放置在摇床上振荡溶解1h后倒入1L烧瓶中，放置在旋转蒸发器上以50r/min的转速旋蒸去除无水乙醇，在烧瓶内壁形成一层均匀的类脂膜；量取50mL茶树油和100mLpH为6.5磷酸缓冲液倒入上述结膜的烧瓶中，放入漩涡振荡器中，以30W功率振荡洗脱瓶壁上的类脂膜，洗脱完毕后再将烧瓶移入微波反应器中，在45℃下水合反应40min，用微孔滤膜过滤后得到茶树油脂质体，备用；称取300g汉麻纤维和200g粘胶纤维均匀平铺在筛网上，将30mL石蜡油以雾点状均匀的喷散在纤维上，喷洒结束后将纤维静置润油20h后，放入混棉箱中进行开松处理；将上述开松后的纤维放入固定盖板式梳理机中梳理成3道纤维束，并将纤维束切成35mm的短纤维，用交叉铺网机铺网成克重为40g/m2纤维网；将上述铺设好的纤维网放入水刺机，以2MPa的水刺压力和5m/min的水刺生产速度将复合纤维网正面和反面各进行水刺复合2次，使汉麻和粘胶混合纤维网在水刺的压力下紧密的缠结在一起，制得敷料基层纤维网；取200mL壳聚糖醋酸溶液放入烧杯中，该壳聚糖醋酸溶液中的壳聚糖的质量浓度为30%，加入20g备用的茶树油脂质体，磁力搅拌10min后将混合液放入浓缩罐中，减压至900Pa，制得浓缩浸渍液；将敷料基层纤维网浸入上述制得的浓缩浸渍液中，以100W的功率超声浸渍处理2h后取出，放入热压机，在5MPa的压力下常温保压压制20min后裁剪成5×5cm方块，包装后即得一种茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料。
本发明的应用方法：本发明制得的茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料可以用于各种外科手术、整形手术的术后切口或创面，使用前先用无菌纱布将创面周围皮肤擦干，再选用比创口长4cm的复合医用敷料覆盖创口，之后再以无菌纱布包扎，使敷料与创口紧贴，更换时间根据创面渗出液而定，渗出液多，敷料吸收饱和应及时更换，渗出液少，可隔2天更换，敷料的透气性极佳，消炎抗菌有效时长是普通敷料的2倍。
实例2
称取200g大豆卵磷脂、25g胆固醇和3g胆酸钠一起溶于550mL无水乙醇中，放置在摇床上振荡溶解1.5h后倒入1L烧瓶中，放置在旋转蒸发器上以55r/min的转速旋蒸去除无水乙醇，在烧瓶内壁形成一层均匀的类脂膜；量取80mL茶树油和150mLpH为6.5磷酸缓冲液倒入上述结膜的烧瓶中，放入漩涡振荡器中，以35W的功率振荡洗脱瓶壁上的类脂膜，洗脱完毕后再将烧瓶移入微波反应器中，在50℃下水合反应45min，用微孔滤膜过滤后得到茶树油脂质体，备用；称取350g汉麻纤维和250g粘胶纤维均匀平铺在筛网上，将35mL石蜡油以雾点状均匀的喷散在纤维上，喷洒结束后将纤维静置润油25h后，放入混棉箱中进行开松处理；将上述开松后的纤维放入固定盖板式梳理机中梳理成3道纤维束，并将纤维束切成38mm的短纤维，用交叉铺网机铺网成克重为50g/m2纤维网；将上述铺设好的纤维网放入水刺机，以3MPa的水刺压力和6m/min水刺生产速度将复合纤维网正面和反面各进行水刺复合2次，使汉麻和粘胶混合纤维网在水刺的压力下紧密的缠结在一起，制得敷料基层纤维网；取250mL壳聚糖醋酸溶液放入烧杯中，该壳聚糖醋酸溶液中的壳聚糖的质量浓度为30%，加入25g备用的茶树油脂质体，磁力搅拌15min后将混合液放入浓缩罐中，减压至950Pa，制得浓缩浸渍液；将敷料基层纤维网浸入上述制得的浓缩浸渍液中，以150W功率超声浸渍处理2h后取出，放入热压机，在6MPa的压力下常温保压压制25min后裁剪成5×5cm方块，包装后即得一种茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料。
本发明的应用方法：本发明制得的茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料可以用于各种外科手术、整形手术的术后切口或创面，使用前先用无菌纱布将创面周围皮肤擦干，再选用比创口长5cm的复合医用敷料覆盖创口，之后再以无菌纱布包扎，使敷料与创口紧贴，更换时间根据创面渗出液而定，渗出液多，敷料吸收饱和应及时更换，渗出液少，可隔2天更换，敷料的透气性极佳，消炎抗菌有效时长是普通敷料的2倍。
实例3
称取250g大豆卵磷脂、30g胆固醇和4g胆酸钠一起溶于600mL无水乙醇中，放置在摇床上振荡溶解2h后倒入1L烧瓶中，放置在旋转蒸发器上以60r/min转速旋蒸去除无水乙醇，在烧瓶内壁形成一层均匀的类脂膜；量取100mL茶树油和200mLpH为6.5磷酸缓冲液倒入上述结膜的烧瓶中，放入漩涡振荡器中，以40W功率振荡洗脱瓶壁上的类脂膜，洗脱完毕后再将烧瓶移入微波反应器中，在55℃下水合反应50min，用微孔滤膜过滤后得到茶树油脂质体，备用；称取400g汉麻纤维和300g粘胶纤维均匀平铺在筛网上，将40mL石蜡油以雾点状均匀的喷散在纤维上，喷洒结束后将纤维静置润油30h后，放入混棉箱中进行开松处理；将上述开松后的纤维放入固定盖板式梳理机中梳理成4道纤维束，并将纤维束切成40mm的短纤维，用交叉铺网机铺网成克重为60g/m2纤维网；将上述铺设好的纤维网放入水刺机，以3MPa水刺压力和7m/min水刺生产速度将复合纤维网正面和反面各进行水刺复合3次，使汉麻和粘胶混合纤维网在水刺的压力下紧密的缠结在一起，制得敷料基层纤维网；取300mL壳聚糖醋酸溶液放入烧杯中，该壳聚糖醋酸溶液中的壳聚糖的质量浓度为30%，加入30g备用的茶树油脂质体，磁力搅拌20min后将混合液放入浓缩罐中，减压至1000Pa，制得浓缩浸渍液；将敷料基层纤维网浸入上述制得的浓缩浸渍液中，以200W功率超声浸渍处理3h后取出，放入热压机，在7MPa的压力下常温保压压制30min后裁剪成5×5cm方块，包装后即得一种茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料。
本发明的应用方法：本发明制得的茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料可以用于各种外科手术、整形手术的术后切口或创面，使用前先用无菌纱布将创面周围皮肤擦干，再选用比创口长6cm的复合医用敷料覆盖创口，之后再以无菌纱布包扎，使敷料与创口紧贴，更换时间根据创面渗出液而定，渗出液多，敷料吸收饱和应及时更换，渗出液少，可隔3天更换，敷料的透气性极佳，消炎抗菌有效时长是普通敷料的3倍。
Claims (1)
1.一种茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料，其特征在于，起采用如下制备方法制得，具体制备步骤为：
（1）称取150～250g大豆卵磷脂、20～30g胆固醇和2～4g胆酸钠一起溶于500～600mL无水乙醇中，放置在摇床上振荡溶解1～2h后倒入1L烧瓶中，放置在旋转蒸发器上以50～60r/min的转速旋蒸去除无水乙醇，在烧瓶内壁形成一层均匀的类脂膜；
（2）量取50～100mL茶树油和100～200mLpH为6.5的磷酸缓冲液倒入上述结膜的烧瓶中，放入漩涡振荡器中，以30～40W功率振荡洗脱瓶壁上的类脂膜，洗脱完毕后再将烧瓶移入微波反应器中，在45～55℃下水合反应40～50min，再经微孔滤膜过滤后得到茶树油脂质体，备用；
（3）称取300～400g汉麻纤维和200～300g粘胶纤维均匀平铺在筛网上，将30～40mL石蜡油以雾点状均匀的喷散在纤维上，喷洒结束后将纤维静置润油20～30h后，放入混棉箱中进行开松处理；
（4）将上述开松后的纤维放入固定盖板式梳理机中梳理成3～4道纤维束，并将纤维束切成35～40mm短纤维，用交叉铺网机铺网成克重为40～60g/m2的纤维网；
（5）将上述铺设好的纤维网放入水刺机，以2～3MPa的水刺压力和5～7m/min的水刺生产速度将复合纤维网正面和反面各进行水刺复合2～3次，使汉麻和粘胶混合纤维网在水刺的压力下紧密的缠结在一起，制得敷料基层纤维网；
（6）取250mL壳聚糖醋酸溶液放入烧杯中，该壳聚糖醋酸溶液中的壳聚糖的质量浓度为30%，加入20～30g备用的茶树油脂质体，磁力搅拌10～20min后将混合液放入浓缩罐中，减压至900～1000Pa，制得浓缩浸渍液；
（7）将敷料基层纤维网浸入上述制得的浓缩浸渍液中，以100～200W功率超声浸渍处理2～3h后取出，放入热压机，在5～7MPa压力下常温保压压制20～30min后裁剪成5×5cm的方块，包装后即得一种茶树油脂质体抗炎抑菌医用敷料。
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| CN107823695B (zh) * | 2017-09-19 | 2022-03-15 | 华东理工大学 | 一种智能型抗菌敷料及其制备方法 |
| CN109364290A (zh) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-22 | 新疆维吾尔自治区分析测试研究院 | 一种薰衣草精油脂质体液体创可贴及其制备方法 |
| CN111420113A (zh) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-17 | 山东大学 | 一种具有抑菌作用的智能透气敷料及其制备方法 |
| CN112370243A (zh) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-19 | 南京平港生物技术有限公司 | 一种无菌型医用湿性修复敷料及其制备方法 |
| CN114712334A (zh) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-08 | 季华实验室 | 一种伤科油凝胶贴剂及其制备方法 |
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| CN108721679A (zh) | 2018-11-02 |
| CN105536031A (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
| CN108836635A (zh) | 2018-11-20 |
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