CN1085613C - Gearboxes in mechanisms for transporting people - Google Patents

Abstract

A gearbox for a mechanical device for transporting persons, in particular an escalator, an automatic elevator or a lift, the first stage being a hyperbolic spiral bevel gear drive and the subsequent stage being a one-stage or two-stage cylindrical gear drive. The hyperbolic spiral bevel gear drives the box body through an inner wall, and the supporting rigidity is high. The axial adjustment can be made in a simple manner. The transmission shafts of all the gearboxes are pre-assembled and then installed in the gearbox, and a system drum with an elastic coupling is arranged on one side of the gearbox, which is connected with the motor. The gearbox has high transmission efficiency and low noise. It can be arranged in a simple manner in the installation space of previous conveying devices with worm drive.

Description

The change speed gear box that is used for transporter's mechanical device

The present invention relates to a kind of transporter's of being used for mechanical device, particularly a kind of change speed gear box that is used for elevator.This class change speed gear box is normally driven by electrical motor, and is provided with brake equipment before electrical motor or between electrical motor and change speed gear box.The output speed of change speed gear box and torque can be directly delivered on the main shaft of feedway, perhaps are delivered on the main shaft by chain-driving, cord drive or a spur gear drive that is contained in therebetween indirectly.Very high to this class change speed gear box requirement, particularly require long service life, noise is low, the reliability height of the parts in the transmission system.

This class change speed gear box generally is to adopt worm drive, and worm gear is made with bronze.Its advantage is simple and compact for structure, and single staged transmission ratio is big, and running noise is little.Its shortcoming is that efficient is lower, thereby heating is more serious, and energy consumption is big.The driving system that this change speed gear box is arranged can be installed on the special platform, electrical motor, brake equipment and change speed gear box are separately fixed on this platform, connect with elastic clutch between them.

In this class driving system, if the mode that adopts worm screw vertically to arrange, structure is compact more.In this case, electrical motor and brake equipment then also must erect be fixed on with putting gearbox body above.In escalator and gig, this driving system is placed in outside the driving chain zone, and is approaching easily during maintenance, more convenient and setting height(from bottom) is little.For the very big driving system of power, can adopt to part out two one the first from left on the right side the change speed gear box parallel connection of transmission or the way that is together in series.More more economical than the way that adopts a high-power change speed gear box like this, let it be to the greatest extent, and processing parts is few.

Since more and more higher to the requirement of transmission system saves energy, and when higher-wattage, require the change speed gear box volume littler, and this must cause developing new.Wherein, its structural shape is particularly suitable for the change speed gear box of escalator transmission, announces.

This driving device is to be arranged between the up and descending driving chain, its advantage is, made full use of the main shaft of existing structure space and through-coupling driving chain, change speed gear box can adopt finishing bevel gear cuter---and spur gear drive and/or the transmission of planetary wheel bar (such as: DE-OS2408712).The shortcoming of this design plan is that it can only be used for above-mentioned special occasions, and maintenance is inconvenient in addition.

In another famous design plan, drive sprocket is directly to drive by a multistage cylindrical wheel change speed gear box, and motor arrangement is outside the driving chain zone.And the high speed of change speed gear box is for first section to adopt the biaxial spira-bevel gearing, and the back adopts one-level to connect one-level ingear spur gear drive for several sections.Its advantage is that the awl of electrical motor and brake equipment is repaiied conveniently, and shortcoming is a complex structure, cost height, the structure of change speed gear box must adapt with electrical motor and the drive sprocket that its two ends join (DE-OS3232580).

That has announced also has a kind of compact conformation, driving system that Applicable scope is extensive, and it is to adopt planetary transmission.Electrical motor and brake equipment are that (the two-stage planet transmission of coupling can reach very high driving efficiency to coaxial arrangement (ZF-Ecolift type, German Fei Lide sunset port gear originating firm product) before and after adopting for EahnradfabrkFriedrichs hafes, BRD.Its shortcoming is that in order to reduce noise processing technology of components complexity, requirement on machining accuracy is very high.In addition, incompatible because its structure has than big-difference with common worm drive, therefore can't carry out change speed gear box and replace with existing driving device in the escalator.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of change speed gear box that is used for elevator, what it must be with economy, special quality is applicable to that the job operation of production in enormous quantities is processed.In addition, its gear mesh must can reduce noise and vibration in high regime especially.Gearbox body will have enough rigidity, thereby can make vibration and noise remain on the very low level in all load range.The scantling of structure of change speed gear box requires highly less on the one hand, and the position of its output shaft has identical size with the worm drive change speed gear box that generally uses at present again on the other hand, thereby can be applied to equally in the transmission system of common worm drive.

To achieve these goals, according to a kind of change speed gear box that is used for elevator provided by the invention, input shaft and output shaft are right-angled crossing and arrange that can also connect the transmission device with other pattern thereafter, its characteristics are following combination of features and layout:

A) this change speed gear box is made of hyperbola spira-bevel gearing and spur gear drive, and the hyperbola spiral bevel is placed on the at a high speed i.e. level of the first order, is thereafter one or the two-stage spur gear drive;

B) change speed gear box is all-in-one-piece, and an inwall that is parallel to sidewall is arranged in the casing, and the box body wall of it and other is linked together;

C) input shaft of hyperbola spira-bevel gearing is a pinion shaft, and an end of this input shaft is supporting with a cup-shaped bearing assembly, this bearing assembly that is equipped with and sidewall, an inwall and the flange formation rigid attachment that electrical motor is installed;

D) flower wheel of hyperbola spira-bevel gearing is arranged between the sidewall and inwall of casing, and follower shaft is bearing between these two box body walls;

E) one-level thereafter or two-stage spur gear drive make full use of two structure spaces between the box body wall of the outside that are in of gearbox body.

This a kind of change speed gear box that is used for elevator of the present invention can be changed the lower repacking expense of expense and be used in escalator, self-lift or elevator.This gearbox designs compactness, load-carrying capacity is big, and the efficient height can utilize the structure space of present worm drive change speed gear box, and can replace with the worm drive change speed gear box to a great extent.In addition, the noise of this change speed gear box is no more than the noise of transportation pulsation-free worm drive.Gear mesh frequency can be mated as required very simply, thereby can not cause vibration on the escalator carriage.At last, its structural shape is convenient to processing, thereby tooling cost is lower.

In change speed gear box of the present invention, at first by the high rotating speed of hyperbola spira-bevel gearing reduction from electrical motor.The hyperbola spira-bevel gearing has the low characteristic of noise.After the spur gear drive that connects adopt helical wheel, make rotational noise further reduce.Because all gear meshing parameters are consistent with the meshing parameter of automotive gearbox in the change speed gear box, therefore the job operation of these gears has cost low, the advantage that quality is high, particularly all flank of tooth all pass through and quench and ground finish, thereby can reach the highest driving efficiency, transmission is also very steady.In addition, hyperbola spiral driven wheel of differential axle is by means of the non-yielding prop of intermediate box body wall, thereby can design best gear mating surfaces diagram of curves, particularly to the hyperbola spira-bevel gearing.Adopt the hyperbola spira-bevel gearing axle of side direction biasing, make the layout of gear and axle more save the space of change speed gear box, and can more freely select the height and position of output shaft.

Another significant advantage of the present invention is with the driving gear shaft in the hyperbola spira-bevel gearing, is supporting with a cup-shaped bearing assembly, and this assembly can be made an independent member.Driving gear shaft and this bearing assembly can be assembled earlier, adjust its axial location in casing, be fixed on the casing with bolt then with adjusting disk.Whole driving gear Shaft assembly is pushed, and for example removing in order to check the mating surfaces diagram of curves also is to be suitable for easily, can not influence the hyperbola spiral bevel engagement of adjusting in advance this moment.

The driven gear of hyperbola spira-bevel gearing can be adjusted with adjusting disk individually or with driven gear shaft vertically.Driven gear shaft can directly or indirectly adjust outside casing.Therefore the present invention has gear mesh is carried out simple and optimum this tangible advantage of adjustment.

Therefore the hole of opening on one or more sides is arranged on the gearbox body of the present invention, hyperbola spiral driven wheel of differential and cylindrical wheel can be installed in advance on the axle separately, then the parts of axle are put into casing together.Each open hole application one end cap on the casing is sealed, and end cap also can be designed to the rigid bearing lid of corresponding transmission shaft.Adopt this method, though gearbox body has several installation perforates, casing single-piece rigidity is still very big.

In the change speed gear box of the present invention,, be equipped with one, such as drive a backing pump by driven bifilar helix awl curved surface gear wheel shaft by transmission shaft for actv. hyperbola spiral bevel axle is installed vertically.Oil pump can be arranged in the relevant roller bearing end cap, perhaps just makes the roller bearing end cap described in P3924071 and PCT/EP91/00122.Oil pump is used for being provided with the on-cycle gear oil to the top bearing of actv. hyperbola spiral bevel axle, and is far away because the top bearing leaves.Design can reduce the gear oil level in the change speed gear box like this, thereby the also corresponding swing pinion that reduced is patted oily power consumption.

Another characteristics of the present invention are, are mounted with a brake wheel or brake disc in the change speed gear box front, and it and actv. hyperbola spiral bevel axle are linked together non-skidly directly or indirectly, are connected with an elastic clutch with electrical motor.With the gearbox body box flange dish that fused, brake wheel and plunging joint are placed in this flange.This design-calculated advantage is, whole brake equipment can not rely on electrical motor and in the gearbox body of packing into earlier and adjust.On the change speed gear box flange, standard compliant electrical motor can be installed.

Below by appended Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, will be further described the structure that is used for the change speed gear box of elevator of the present invention:

Fig. 1 represents the side view cutaway drawing of gearbox body 4, the upper and lower wall of casing be 8,9 and front and rear wall be 10,11.Spur gear drive 2,3 is connected on hyperbola spira-bevel gearing 1 back.Also reflect the drive pinion shaft 12 of mutual right-angled crossing and the deviation post of axle 16 on side direction of driven dish type finishing bevel gear cuter in the lateral plan, and can make all gears and transmission shaft be placed in the interior state of casing very compactly therefrom.The actv. pinion shaft is installed in the bearing assembly 13 in advance.The bearing assembly that is fixed on the casing with the spiral shell inspection can be adjusted to needed height by packing ring 17.The brake wheel 23 of a prepackage is linked together non-skidly by relevant flange and active hyperbola spiral bevel axle.An elastic clutch 24 is housed on the brake wheel, and they all are contained in the flange 14.Flange and casing are an integral body.

Fig. 2 is the vertical view cutaway drawing of casing.The active hyperbola helicon gear that can see in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 and driven hyperbola spiral bevel 15 are placed between inwall 5 and the sidewall 7, and close together between two walls is in order to settle axle 16 the bearing 25 of driven hyperbola spiral bevel.Be arranged in a part of space in the casing with parallel 5 of the inwalls of sidewall 6,7, it is linked together with upper and lower wall 8,9 and face wall 10 respectively.The two-stage spur gear drive of back is placed between the sidewall that separates 6,7 of change speed gear box, and the span of transmission shaft bearing 26,27 is bigger therebetween.

Driven hyperbola spiral bevel can be done axial adjustment together with its transmission shaft, can be from the casing outside indirectly to driven hyperbola spiral bevel Shaft assembly location through a gland 28 and a sleeve 27 with adjusting disk 18.

The transmission shaft of driven hyperbola spiral bevel axle and subsequent two-stage spur gear drive 2,3 after the gear prepackage on it prepares, is placed in the casing through the side of casing perforate 19.With an end cap 20 this side perforate is sealed.This end cap also can be made the bearing cap shim of cylindrical wheel axle simultaneously.Driven hyperbola spiral bevel axle drives a backing pump 21.This oil pump is positioned in the bearing cap shim 22 that the pass is housed.From birds-eye view, also find out, the chain-drive drive sprocket 32 that is used for the back also is housed on gearbox body.

Fig. 3 is through the elevational cross-sectional view of hyperbola spira-bevel gearing, demonstrates to figure top the electrical motor 29 that is connected on the casing.Electrical motor links through an elastic clutch 24 and brake wheel 23.Among the figure as can be seen backing pump 21 gear oil is sucked through oil duct 30, the bearing 31 that is transported to then in the bearing assembly 13 gets on.So just guaranteed lubricated away from the bearing of oil sump.

Fig. 4 is a vertical view cutaway drawing through spur gear drive level 2.The difference of this figure and Fig. 2 is that the sprocket wheel 32 on the output shaft 33 is to be contained in that side of settling oil pump 21.Output shaft be bearing in sidewall 7 and the inwall 5 that prolonged between.2 of back primary cylinder gear transmissions are placed between inwall and the sidewall 6 vacantly.Giving mounted output shaft can be by the perforate on the casing 34 casing of packing into.This perforate is sealed with a common cover plate 35.

Equally, giving mounted driven hyperbola spiral bevel axle 16 can be through perforate 36 gearbox body of packing into.At this moment, oil pump 21 and oil pump cover plate 22 and transmission shaft bearing 37 are packed in the independent cup-shaped bearing assembly 38 together.By means of this bearing assembly and axial restraint formula bearing 37, can by an adjusting disk 38, outside casing, do axial adjustment with driven hyperbola spiral bevel 15 and its transmission shaft 16 together.

According to basic framework of the present invention, other drop-gear box structural shape and array mode can also be arranged.They have in the foregoing description, in the accompanying drawings and illustrated in the claims feature.

Such as according to the present invention, the output shaft of change speed gear box also can place casing right side or left side.One side that also can be designed to output shaft is equipped with the chain-drive sprocket wheel, and opposite side is equipped with the structural shape with the joining plunging joint of other transmission device.

Claims (13)

1. A gearbox for an elevator, the input shaft and the output shaft are arranged in a cross, and other types of transmission mechanisms can also be connected thereafter, which is characterized by the combination and arrangement of the following features: a) The gearbox is composed of a hyperbolic spiral bevel gear transmission and a cylindrical gear transmission. The hyperbolic spiral bevel gear (1) is placed in the first stage, which is the high-speed stage, followed by one or two stages of cylindrical gear transmission (2, 3) ; b) The gearbox (4) is integral, and there is an inner wall (5) parallel to the side walls (6, 7) in the box, which is connected with other box walls (8, 9, 10, 11) ; c) The input shaft of the hyperbolic spiral bevel gear transmission is the pinion shaft (12), and one end of the input shaft is supported by a cup-shaped bearing assembly (13), which is fitted with a side The wall (7), the inner wall and the flange (14) for installing the motor form a rigid connection; d) The driven wheel (15) of the hyperbolic spiral bevel gear transmission is arranged between a side wall (7) and the inner wall of the box, and the driven wheel shaft (16) is supported between the two box walls; e) The subsequent one-stage or two-stage spur gear transmission makes full use of the structural space of the gearbox casing between the two outer casing walls (6, 7). 2. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bearing assembly (13) can be packed in a single piece, and it is connected with a side wall (7), an inner wall and a flange (14) for installing the motor. ) form a rigid connection. 3. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bearing assembly (13) can be fitted in an all-round way, and it is connected with a side wall (7), an inner wall and a flange (14) for installing the motor Form a rigid link. 4. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cup-shaped member (13) is made into a separate bearing assembly, and is installed in the case together with the pre-assembled input shaft, and can be adjusted by adjusting the washer (17). Adjust its axial position, and fix it on the box body with bolts, and the connection with the box body can be disassembled. 5. The gearbox as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the driven hyperbolic spiral bevel gear is individually adjustable in the axial direction, and the driven shaft can be directly contacted from outside the casing and passed through the adjusting washer (18, 38) Positioning. 6. The gearbox according to claim 1, wherein the driven hyperbolic spiral bevel gear and its drive shaft can be adjusted axially, and the driven shaft can be indirectly contacted from the outside of the casing and passed through the adjusting washer ( 18, 38) Positioning. 7. The gearbox as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the gearbox body has one or several side openings (19, 34, 36), and the gearbox body is equipped with pre-assembled, Holes (19, 34, 36) are packed into the transmission shaft of the driven hyperbolic spiral bevel gear and the cylindrical gear transmission shaft thereafter and the gears thereon. These openings are encapsulated with end covers, and the end The cover can be a simple closure (35). 8. The gearbox as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the gearbox body has one or several side openings (19, 34, 36), and the gearbox body is equipped with pre-assembled, Holes (19, 34, 36) are packed into the transmission shaft of the driven hyperbolic spiral bevel gear and the cylindrical gear transmission shaft thereafter and the gears thereon. These openings are encapsulated with end covers, and the end The cover can be designed as a bearing cover of the spur gear drive shaft. 9. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cylindrical gear transmission behind the hyperbolic spiral bevel gear transmission adopts helical gear meshing. 10. Gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that a rotary oil pump (21) is driven by a driven hyperbolic helical bevel gear shaft, the oil pump is mounted in the associated bearing end cover (22) . 11. Gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that a rotary oil pump (21) is driven by a driven hypoid helical bevel gear shaft, which oil pump is formed as a bearing end shield. 12. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that the brake disc or drum (23) in front of the gearbox is directly connected to the input shaft (12) without sliding, and on the side where it is connected to the motor An elastic coupling (24) is provided, wherein the brake disk is arranged in the housing flange (14) on the motor side, and the housing flange is connected to the gearbox housing. 13. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, the brake disc or brake drum (23) in front of the gearbox is indirectly coupled with the input shaft (12) without sliding, and one side of the motor is connected to it. An elastic coupling (24) is installed on the side, wherein the brake disc is arranged in the housing flange (14) on the motor side, and the housing flange is connected with the gearbox housing.