CN108567772A - 二氢杨梅素的新用途 - Google Patents
二氢杨梅素的新用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108567772A CN108567772A CN201810821776.8A CN201810821776A CN108567772A CN 108567772 A CN108567772 A CN 108567772A CN 201810821776 A CN201810821776 A CN 201810821776A CN 108567772 A CN108567772 A CN 108567772A
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- dihydromyricetin
- smooth muscle
- vascular
- muscle cells
- intimal hyperplasia
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供二氢杨梅素的新用途,属于医药技术领域。二氢杨梅素的新用途,具体是指二氢杨梅素在治疗术后内膜增生疾病药物中的应用;在治疗术后由于内膜增生引起的血管再狭窄药物中的应用;以及在逆转平滑肌细胞由分化型向合成型转化、且抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖的药物中的应用。利用二氢杨梅素制备上述药物,用于治疗上述疾病,具有成本低,效果好的优点。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及医药技术领域,具体涉及二氢杨梅素的新用途。
【背景技术】
血管内膜增生是血管损伤继发的一种结构性改变,可导致血管管腔狭窄甚至闭塞,是动脉粥样硬化和血管成形术后再狭窄等心血管疾病共同的生理特征,并且与血管重塑关系密切,防止内膜增生及术后再狭窄一直是国内外研究的重要课题(Golledge J和Eagle KA.Lancet.2008)。针对血管内膜增生及血管成形术后再狭窄问题,通常使用支架植入术(包括药物涂层支架),但是术后并发症以及昂贵的手术费用限制了该方法的广泛应用。另外,对于血管狭窄及血管内膜增生的预防、治疗,尝试使用了多种药物,包括抗凝剂、抗脂血剂或血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂等,但是未发现显示理想效果的物质。从本质上来讲,血管内膜增生的机制早期主要为血管中膜平滑肌细胞堆积(Hao H,等.ArteriosclerThromb Vasc Biol,2003;Milewicz DM,等.Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet,2008)。现有的研究表明血管平滑肌细胞表型转化与血管内膜增生的发生发展密切相关。血管平滑肌细胞存在着收缩型(分化型)和合成型两种不同的表型。分化型血管平滑肌细胞高度分化,但增殖和迁移能力较弱,主要功能是维持血管的收缩和舒张;而合成型血管平滑肌细胞分化程度较低,增殖、迁移能力较强,主要参与细胞外基质的重构(Song Z和Li G.J CardiovascTransl Res,2010;Davis-Dusenbery BN,等.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol,2011)。正常主动脉中膜的血管平滑肌细胞以分化型为主,而血管内膜增生组织中合成型血管平滑肌细胞的数量及比例显著升高。因此,通过抑制血管平滑肌细胞迁移和增殖达到阻断内膜增生的发生发展是目前寻求治疗血管内膜增生及相关疾病的主要思路。
藤茶又称莓茶,中文植物名为显齿蛇葡萄,是属于葡萄科蛇葡萄属的一种野生藤本植物,它主要分布在两广、两湖、云贵、江西及福建等地。藤茶在我国已有一千多年的饮用历史,具有清热解毒、抗菌消炎、降血压、降血脂等功效,民间常用于高血压、心脑血管等疾病的防治。二氢杨梅素是藤茶中含量极为丰富的一种黄酮类化合物,已被证实具有抗氧化、抗菌、保肝等多种功效,和大多数传统天然药用成分类似,其作用机制及药用靶标分子不清楚(陈玉琼,等。茶叶科学,2007;刘翠娥,等。食品科学,2005)。
Nur77是一种由早期即刻基因编码的核受体蛋白,能够被各种生理刺激和生长因子及激素调节并参与了细胞凋亡、脑发育、糖脂代谢,血管重构等一系列重要的生物学过程(Martinez-Gonzalez J,等.Cardiovasc Res,2005;van Tiel CM,de Vries CJ.J SteroidBiochem Mol Biol,2012)。近几年来,Nur77在心血管系统中的功能受到越来越多的关注:在血管平滑肌细胞中,动脉粥样硬化的刺激因子如血小板衍生生长因子(Platelet-derived Growth Factor-BB,PDGF-BB),表皮生长因子(Epidermal Growth Factor,EGF),α-凝血酶(α-Thrombin)能显著诱导Nur77的表达,过表达Nur77已被证明能够抑制细胞增殖、抑制血管损伤及新生内膜形成;在血管内皮细胞中,如缺氧、TNF-α,VEGF等均可影响Nur77的表达,并调节细胞生长与存活及血管生成(Pires NM,等.Circulation,2007;BontaPI,等.Cardiovasc Res,2010);此外,最近的研究表明,Nur77基因敲除小鼠喂食高脂肪饮食可以加速动脉粥样硬化病变的发展(Hanna RN,等.Circ Res,2012),进一步暗示其在血管疾病中的重要作用。本发明利用体外培养细胞及小鼠体内实验证实二氢杨梅素具有通过上调Nur77表达,逆转血管平滑肌细胞向合成型转化,从而阻断血管内膜增生的功能。Nur77是二氢杨梅素对血管再狭窄及内膜增生相关疾病的治疗的分子靶点。
【发明内容】
本发明的发明目的在于:研究二氢杨梅素对术后血管再狭窄及内膜增生疾病的治疗作用,开发其成为术后血管再狭窄及内膜增生疾病的新药。
本发明通过体外培养细胞及小鼠体内实验证实,二氢杨梅素通过上调Nur77表达,从而逆转血管平滑肌细胞向合成型转化,抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖,从而阻断血管内膜增生和阻止血管再狭窄。因此,二氢杨梅素可以用于以下药物的制备中:
(1)二氢杨梅素在治疗术后内膜增生疾病药物中的应用。
(2)二氢杨梅素在治疗术后由于内膜增生引起的血管再狭窄药物中的应用。
(3)二氢杨梅素在逆转平滑肌细胞由分化型向合成型转化、且抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖的药物中的应用。
本发明所用的二氢杨梅素可以通过以下途径获取:取新鲜藤茶茎叶干燥后,或者取炮制好的藤茶,粉碎,用水或醇溶液,通过煎煮提取或回流提取的方式提取一次或多次,过滤合并提取液,将提取液减压浓缩静置结晶,分别收集沉淀和上清液;将沉淀加水重结晶处理,再对结晶物干燥,得二氢杨梅素产品。
在制备治疗术后血管再狭窄及内膜增生疾病的药物时,用二氢杨梅素为活性成分,加入复方中以常规的制剂工艺制备成临床上可以使用的各种不同剂型的药物,如为口服制剂、静脉注射制剂或肌肉注射制剂。本发明所述的二氢杨梅素在用于上述任一用途时,其使用剂量范围为10-1000mg/天,优选的剂量范围为100-300mg/天。
将本发明所述的二氢杨梅素口服制剂的方法是:精密称取二氢杨梅素纯品,加入赋形剂,放入搅拌机混匀,装胶囊,制得胶囊剂;或压片,制成片剂。
将本发明所述的二氢杨梅素制成片剂的方法是:精密称取所述的二氢杨梅素纯品,溶于注射用水中,充分搅拌使溶解,补加注射用水至2000ml,加入针用活性碳2.0g,加热至60℃搅拌,碳棒过滤,滤液经微孔滤膜过滤除菌,分装于西林瓶中,封口,灭菌,即得注射制剂。
综上所述,由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明通过体外培养细胞及小鼠体内实验明确了二氢杨梅素可以有效阻断血管内膜增生,细胞学实验表明二氢杨梅素可以显著诱导血管平滑肌细胞中Nur77的表达,并显著抑制平滑肌细胞从分化型向合成型的转变,从机制层面明确了Nur77及其相关通路在二氢杨梅素对血管功能保护作用中扮演重要角色,填补了国内外关于二氢杨梅素调控血管平滑肌细胞表型转化研究和应用的空白。
2、目前针对血管内膜增生及血管成形术后再狭窄问题通常使用的支架植入术(包括药物涂层支架),其术后并发症严重以及昂贵的手术费用使患者难以承受;另外,对于血管狭窄及血管内膜增生的预防、治疗,尝试使用了多种药物,包括抗凝剂、抗脂血剂或血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂等,均未发现效果理想的物质。本发明经研究发现和验证了二氢杨梅素可以用来治疗血管内膜增生及术后血管再狭窄等相关心血管疾病的有效作用,将其应用于治疗术后血管再狭窄药物和治疗术后内膜增生疾病药物中,具有成本低、效果显著的优势。
【附图说明】
图1为二氢杨梅素对小鼠颈动脉结扎导致的血管内膜增生的影响图。
图2为二氢杨梅素对小鼠颈动脉结扎导致的血管内膜增生厚度的影响图。
图3为二氢杨梅素对小鼠颈动脉结扎导致的血管内膜增生过程中平滑肌增殖的影响图。
图4二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞分化相关基因表达的影响图。
图5为二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞迁移能力的影响图。
图6为二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞增殖能力的影响图。
图7为二氢杨梅素诱导血管平滑肌细胞表达Nur77的结果图。
图8为Nur77敲低表达解除二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞迁移的抑制作用。
【具体实施方式】
为了更清楚地表达本发明,以下通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1口服制剂的制备
称取二氢杨梅素100g,加入1000ml无菌水,搅拌加热至50℃,搅匀,过滤,滤液加入重量为滤液重量5%的101澄清剂,放置10分钟后,加入重量为滤液重量5%羟丙基-β-环糊精助剂混悬液并搅匀,静置12小时后再过滤,滤液加入蔗糖,搅拌溶解,滤过,罐装,灭菌,即得。
实施例2静脉注射制剂的制备
称取二氢杨梅素20g,加注射用水1000ml,冷藏24小时,滤过,再加注射用水1000ml,滤过,再用3号垂熔玻璃滤球精滤,灌封于2ml西林瓶中,封口,灭菌,即得。每支含二氢杨梅素20mg。
实施例3肌肉注射制剂的制备
精密称取二氢杨梅素原料40g,溶于1000ml注射用水中,充分搅拌使溶解,补加注射用水至2000ml,加入针用活性碳2.0g,加热至60℃搅拌30分钟,碳棒过滤,滤液经0.25μm微孔滤膜过滤除菌,分装于1000支西林瓶中,装量2.0ml/支,封口,灭菌,即得。每支含二氢杨梅素40mg。
实施例4血管支架涂层的制备
称取二氢杨梅素40g,采用浸涂法制作药物涂层支架,浸涂4次。
试验例1体内二氢杨梅素干预抑制损伤诱导的小鼠血管内膜增生
1.小鼠颈动脉损伤模型的构建
1.1取小鼠40只,将20只小鼠称重后,经肌肉注射速眠安(0.2-0.3ml/kg)麻醉;暴露左颈总动脉及左颈内、外动脉,结扎颈外动脉远心端;
1.2将20只手术小鼠随机分为2组,每组10只,分别用生理盐水、二氢杨梅素(40mg/kg)灌胃,每2d用药一次,持续用药14d;将20只非手术小鼠随机分为2组,每组10只,分别用生理盐水、二氢杨梅素(40mg/kg)灌胃,每2d用药一次,持续用药14d。
1.3 14d后处死所有小鼠,手术小鼠取结扎血管,非手术小鼠取相同部位血管。
2.将血管组织常规石蜡切片,通过HE染色观察标本大体情况及血管内膜新生情况;结果见图1-图3。
图1为二氢杨梅素对小鼠颈动脉结扎导致的血管内膜增生的影响图,从图1可以看出,非手术小鼠组中,经二氢杨梅素灌胃后的小鼠的血管内膜正常;手术小鼠组中,经二氢杨梅素灌胃后的小鼠的血管内膜未出现内膜增生的情况,而经生理盐水灌胃的小鼠的血管内膜内膜增生明显。说明二氢杨梅素能干预抑制损伤诱导的小鼠血管内膜增生。
图2为二氢杨梅素对小鼠颈动脉结扎导致的血管内膜增生厚度的影响图,从图2可以看出,手术组中,经二氢杨梅素灌胃后的小鼠的血管内膜增生厚度大大低于经生理盐水灌胃的小鼠的血管内膜增生厚度。
图3为二氢杨梅素对小鼠颈动脉结扎导致的血管内膜增生过程中平滑肌增殖的影响图(箭头标出处为PCNA阳性细胞),从图3可以看出,经生理盐水灌胃的小鼠的血管内膜中PCNA阳性细胞更多。
因此,图1-3的结果表明二氢杨梅素能干预抑制损伤诱导的小鼠血管内膜增生。
试验例2二氢杨梅素调控Nur77表达逆转血管平滑肌细胞向合成型转化的作用验证
1.二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞分化的影响
1.1将大鼠的血管平滑肌细胞接种于100mm培养皿,以含5%FBS的SmGM-2培养基,5%CO2,37℃培养细胞,待细胞长到80%以后换为无血清培养基继续培养48hr,然后用20ng/mL PDGF-BB或小牛血清诱导细胞由分化型向合成型转化24hr,然后设对照组和试验组,将试验组的细胞进行二氢杨梅素(100μM)干预;
1.2对照组和试验组分别用RNeasy kit(QIAGEN)提取细胞总RNA,nanodrop进行定量,qPCR检测α-SMA、Calponin等分化标志基因的表达;
所用引物如下
α-SMA:F,5’-AATGCAGAAGGAGATCACGG-3’
R,5’-TCCTGTTTGCTGATCCACATC-3’
Calponin:F,5’-AACCATACACAGGTGCAGTC-3’
R,5’-GATGTTCCGCCCTTCTCTTAG-3’
其检测结果见图4,图4为二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞分化相关基因表达的影响图,从图4可以看出,二氢杨梅素干预过的血管平滑肌细胞中,分化标志基因的表达量更大,
说明二氢杨梅素可以逆转平滑肌细胞由分化型向合成型转化。
2.二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞中Nur77表达的影响
2.1.在培养皿中植入血管平滑肌细胞,用100μM终浓度二氢杨梅素处理细胞12小时;
2.2.收获细胞,提取总蛋白和总RNA;
2.3.用Western blot和qPCR分别检测Nur77的表达水平。
Nur77qPCR引物序列如下:
F,5′-AAGATCCCTGGCTTTGCTGAGCTG-3′
R,5′-AGGCCAGGATACTGTCAATCCAGT-3′
2.4.二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞中Nur77细胞定位的影响。
2.4.1将血管平滑肌细胞植于6-well plate中,细胞用PDGF-BB处理预处理2hr后用100nM二氢杨梅素处理细胞1.5hr;
2.4.2细胞用4%冷多聚甲醛固定20min,PBS洗三遍。然后用0.2%Triton X-100通透10min,PBS洗三遍。与二抗相同宿主的血清封闭30min,PBS洗三遍。一抗4度湿盒内过夜,也可37℃ 2hr,感觉前者效果好,PBS洗三遍。二抗室温2hr(避光),PBS洗三遍。DAPI染核,荧光显微镜下观察。
3.二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞增殖及迁移能力的影响
3.1.在6-well plate中植入血管平滑肌细胞,待细胞长至80%左右,设置对照组和试验组,进行划痕实验,对照组对细胞行PDGF-BB处理,试验组同时对细胞行PDGF-BB处理和二氢杨梅素处理,24hr后观察细胞增殖情况。图5为二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞迁移能力的影响图,图6为二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞增殖能力的影响图,从图5和图6可以看出,对照组平滑肌细胞的迁移和增殖能力较强,二氢杨梅素能减弱血管平滑肌细胞迁移和增殖能力。
3.2.血管平滑肌细胞转染Nur77SiRNA,设置对照组和试验组,24hr后进行划痕实验,对照组对细胞行PDGF-BB处理,试验组同时对细胞行PDGF-BB处理和二氢杨梅素处理,观察细胞迁移情况。其迁移情况的结果见图8,从图8可以看出,对照组平滑肌细胞的迁移能力较强,二氢杨梅素能减弱血管平滑肌细胞迁移能力,但是当Nur77被敲低表达后二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞迁移的抑制减弱。说明二氢杨梅素对血管平滑肌细胞迁移能力的抑制效应是由Nur77介导的。
Si Nur77引物序列如下:
F,5′-GGCUUGAGCUGCAGAAUGA-3′
R,5′-UCAUUCUGCAGCUCAAGCC-3′
试验例3二氢杨梅素调控血管平滑肌细胞表型转化的机制
1.原代大鼠血管平滑肌细胞的分离与培养,具体方法如下:
1.1.颈椎脱臼处死大鼠,75%酒精浸泡3-5min,无菌条件下打开胸腔,将大鼠左肺向右侧翻转,可见贴于脊柱右侧胸主动脉走行。上端沿主动脉弓,下端至膈的主动脉裂孔处,完整剪取胸主动脉,置于预先装有PBS的无菌培养皿中;
1.2.用镊子轻轻剥离血管外结缔姐织,移至另一装有PBS的无菌培养皿。用眼科剪沿纵轴剪开血管条,无菌镊轻轻刮除内膜,移至另一无菌培养皿,用镊子钝性加压刮中膜2次,待出现裂口后夹住中膜将其取下。将取下的中膜加入含20%FBS的DMEM培养液,用眼科剪剪碎血管条,使组织块大小约1mm×1mm×lmm;
1.3.用无菌滴管将组织块吸入细胞培养瓶,均匀铺于瓶壁,间距约0.2-0.5cm;将培养瓶直立放置于37℃/5%CO2细胞培养箱;1hr后轻轻放平,37℃/5%CO2细胞培养箱中绝对静置3d;此后每3d换液1次;
1.4.培养出来的血管平滑肌细胞及时传代及冻存于液氮,3-8代用于后续实验。
2.二氢杨梅素对Nur77DNA结合活性的影响
2.1.在培养皿中植入血管平滑肌细胞,设对照组和试验组,试验组用100μM终浓度二氢杨梅素处理细胞;对照组用DMSO处理;
2.2.1.5hr后收获细胞;
2.3.对试验组和对照组的细胞进行核质分离,收集细胞核,BCA法进行蛋白质定量;
2.4.用得到的细胞核组分进行EMSA实验,观察核中Nur77的DNA Binding能力变化。具体方法为:将5ug核提取物与Nur77抗体在冰上混合20min,然后样品与荧光标记的Nur77探针混合( 700)或200倍非Nurr77结合探针在暗室孵育30min,电泳,上观察条带迁移情况。同时检测二氢杨梅素对Nur77表达的影响。其结果见图7,图7为二氢杨梅素诱导血管平滑肌细胞表达Nur77图,从图7可以看出,试验组中,经过二氢杨梅素的试验组条带上Nurr77表达相比照组中显著升高,说明二氢杨梅素可以上调Nur77的表达。
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明,但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围,凡本发明所提示的技术精神下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更,均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。
Claims (5)
1.二氢杨梅素的新用途,其特征在于:是指所述二氢杨梅素在治疗术后内膜增生疾病药物中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述二氢杨梅素的新用途,其特征在于:是指所述二氢杨梅素在治疗术后由于内膜增生引起的血管再狭窄药物中的应用。
3.二氢杨梅素的新用途,其特征在于:是指所述二氢杨梅素在逆转平滑肌细胞由分化型向合成型转化、且抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖的药物中的应用。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的二氢杨梅素的新用途,其特征在于:所述药物为口服制剂、静脉注射制剂或肌肉注射制剂。
5.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的二氢杨梅素的新用途,其特征在于:所述药物为血管支架涂层药物。
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