CN108480065B - Dynamic balancing system and centrifugal machine with dynamic balancing system - Google Patents
Dynamic balancing system and centrifugal machine with dynamic balancing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108480065B CN108480065B CN201810581694.0A CN201810581694A CN108480065B CN 108480065 B CN108480065 B CN 108480065B CN 201810581694 A CN201810581694 A CN 201810581694A CN 108480065 B CN108480065 B CN 108480065B
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
- B04B9/14—Balancing rotary bowls ; Schrappers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B15/00—Other accessories for centrifuges
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic balancing system and a centrifugal machine with the dynamic balancing system, wherein during balancing, two mass blocks are moved, the unbalanced force can be balanced twice as much as that of a single mass block, the balancing range of the balanced force is widened, meanwhile, the unbalanced force with the same size is balanced, the moving distance of a balancing weight is halved, the movement time is greatly reduced, and the balancing efficiency is improved; the hydraulic driving and the hydraulic lock are adopted to enable the dynamic balancing system to quickly respond and be reliably locked at a preset position, so that the balancing system is effective and reliable; the four hydraulic cylinders are in a group, and the two hydraulic cylinders in the group are controlled to synchronously act through the proportional valve so as to ensure that the balancing weight can smoothly move along the guide rail; the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders on the same axis of different groups are fixedly connected into a whole, so that the synchronous action of the two groups of hydraulic cylinders is ensured, and the balancing weights are synchronously driven by the cooperation of the four hydraulic cylinders, so that higher control precision is easier to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of centrifuge balancing, and particularly relates to a dynamic balancing system and a centrifuge with the dynamic balancing system.
Background
In order to provide a high g value centrifugal field, the rotating arm of the centrifugal machine needs to rotate around the main shaft at a high speed, and in order to ensure the running stability of the whole equipment, the rotating part of the centrifugal machine needs to be balanced as much as possible, namely, unbalanced force of the centrifugal machine during running is as small as possible. The unbalanced force causes dynamic load to be generated in the running process of the centrifugal machine so as to cause equipment vibration, so that the running stability and precision of the system are reduced, the movement noise is increased, the moving parts are worn out in an accelerating way, the rotor cannot normally run, the service life is shortened and the like. And once the unbalanced force exceeds the system design threshold, the centrifugal machine overturns or moves, and serious accidents are caused. The dynamic balance system is used for realizing automatic and accurate balancing of the centrifugal machine, reducing unbalanced force generated in the working process of the centrifugal machine, is a key component for stable, reliable and safe operation of a rotary arm of the centrifugal machine during high-speed rotation, and is important for the equipment safety of the centrifugal machine.
At present, the principle of centrifugal motorized balance is mainly divided into three types: the motor drives the screw nut transmission pair to drive the balancing weight to move, the hydraulic drive balancing weight to move, and balancing is carried out in a water injection mode in the water tank.
1) The motor drives the screw-nut transmission pair to drive the balancing weight to move, the motor drives the screw-nut pair to be matched with the force measuring system for carrying out online balancing on the centrifugal machine, the centrifugal motor-driven balancing system moves the balancing weight to be 200kg, the stroke is about 350mm, the adjusting precision is 1mm, and the adjustable maximum unbalanced force is about 30kN.
2) The balancing is carried out by filling water into a water tank, namely the Yangtze river water department has carried out a dynamic balancing test by filling water into the water tank on a CKY-200 geotechnical centrifuge, and the working premise is that the load end of the centrifuge is unbalanced, namely the centrifugal machine is large in centrifugal force, and the balancing is realized by filling water into the water tank at the counterweight end through a water pump and an electromagnetic valve.
3) The hydraulic driving balancing weight moves, namely, a dynamic balancing system of the geotechnical centrifugal machine of the same university adopts a hydraulic cylinder to push the balancing weight to move for balancing, wherein the balancing weight of the dynamic balancing system is arranged on a tension belt which is positioned at one side of a rotating arm and is positioned at 1735mm away from a rotating center, the balancing weight weighs 300kg and moves between 1.8m and 2.19m away from the center of a main shaft, and the unbalanced force of 78kN can be matched at maximum.
In the above 1), the dynamic balance system of the motor driving rod nut pair has high installation precision, complex assembly and higher requirement on working environment; in addition, the rigidity of the screw rod needs to be ensured under the centrifugal field, and the motor cannot reliably work under the high centrifugal field, so that the dynamic balance system in the form of a screw-nut pair has a smaller trimming range and can only reliably work under the lower centrifugal field.
In the above 2), the dynamic balance balancing repeatability of the water driving type is limited, only the balancing can be performed for a limited number of times, the balancing can be continuously performed only by emptying the water tank after the water tank is full, and if the balancing is performed for a plurality of times, the operation is too complex, so that the test efficiency is lower.
In the above 3), in the current hydraulically driven dynamic balance system, the balancing weight, the executing component and the hydraulic cylinder are all arranged on one side of the rotating arm, so that the influence on the rotating arm is large; the balancing weight has a short moving distance, so that balancing efficiency is low; in addition, the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system is in a high centrifugal field, so that the failure risk is high.
In order to solve the problems, a dynamic balancing system and a centrifugal machine with the dynamic balancing system are developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic balancing system and a centrifuge including the dynamic balancing system.
The invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
a dynamic balancing system, comprising:
the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight are respectively arranged at two sides of the rotation axis of the rotating device, and are symmetrically distributed by the rotation axis of the rotating device and are rigidly connected;
the hydraulic cylinder assembly synchronously pushes the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight in the same direction through the action of force, the pushing direction is perpendicular to the rotation center line of the rotating device, and the force action output end of the hydraulic cylinder assembly is connected with the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight.
When balancing, two mass blocks are moved, the unbalanced force can be balanced twice as much as that of a single mass block, the balancing range of the balanced force is widened, and meanwhile, when balancing the unbalanced force with the same size, the moving distance of the balancing weight is halved, so that the movement time is greatly shortened, and the balancing efficiency is improved.
The hydraulic cylinder assembly comprises a first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, a second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, a third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and a fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder, wherein the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder are all fixed on the rotating device, the first end of a piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder is coaxially connected with the first end of a piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second end of the piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the first balancing weight, the second end of the piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the second balancing weight, the first end of the piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder is coaxially connected with the first balancing weight, and the second end of the piston rod of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder is symmetrically distributed on the axis of rotation of the rotating device.
Further, the dynamic balancing system further comprises a connecting piece, the connecting piece comprises an upper connecting piece and a lower connecting piece, the first end of a piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the first end of a piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder are of cylindrical boss structures with diameters larger than those of the middle end, semi-cylindrical grooves are formed in the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece, the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are combined and then are fully covered at the joint of the first end of the piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the first end of the piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are connected through screws; the first end of the piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the first end of the piston rod of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder are of cylindrical boss structures with diameters larger than those of the middle end, and the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are combined and then are fully covered at the joint of the first end of the piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the first end of the piston rod of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder.
The piston rod is fixedly connected without gaps, the connecting rigidity is high, the connecting piece is used for bearing the inertial centrifugal force of the balancing weight through the combination of the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece, and the screw is used for bearing the inertial centrifugal force of the balancing weight, so that the connection is more reliable.
Further, the dynamic balancing system further comprises a first proportional valve, a second proportional valve, a third proportional valve, a fourth proportional valve, a first hydraulic lock, a second hydraulic lock, a third hydraulic lock, a fourth hydraulic lock and a first pump, wherein the first proportional valve, the second proportional valve, the third proportional valve and the fourth proportional valve respectively control the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder in sequence, the first pump is used for supplying oil to the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder, so that the reciprocating motion of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder is realized, and the first hydraulic lock, the second hydraulic lock, the third hydraulic lock and the fourth hydraulic lock are used for locking the positions of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder in sequence.
The hydraulic driving and the hydraulic lock are adopted to enable the dynamic balancing system to quickly respond and be reliably locked at a preset position, so that the balancing system is effective and reliable; the four hydraulic cylinders are in a group, and the two hydraulic cylinders in the group are controlled to synchronously act through the proportional valve so as to ensure that the balancing weight can smoothly move along the guide rail; the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders on the same axis of different groups are fixedly connected into a whole, so that the synchronous action of the two groups of hydraulic cylinders is ensured, and the balancing weights are synchronously driven by the cooperation of the four hydraulic cylinders, so that higher control precision is easier to realize.
Still further, the dynamic balancing system further comprises a second pump, the pistons of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder are all provided with static pressure support structures, and the second pump is used for supplying oil to the static pressure support structures of the pistons of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder.
Still further, move balancing system still including installing four guide rail sliders on rotary device, the both sides of first balancing weight and second balancing weight all are provided with guide rail slider assorted recess, the recess cover of first balancing weight both sides is on two guide rail sliders and slides along two guide rail sliders, the recess cover of second balancing weight both sides is on two guide rail sliders and slides along two guide rail sliders, with first balancing weight complex two guide rail sliders are parallel to each other, two pairs of respectively with rotary device's axis of rotation symmetric distribution of four guide rail sliders.
A centrifuge having a dynamic balancing system, comprising:
the rotating arm is internally provided with a groove;
a plurality of positioning rings fixed on the rotating arm;
the dynamic balancing system is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine, the dynamic balancing system is arranged in a groove formed in the rotating arm, and the hydraulic cylinder assembly is fixedly arranged on the positioning rings.
The dynamic balance systems are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine, so that the dynamic balance systems are relatively symmetrical and balanced in stress under a centrifugal field, the stress concentration is small, and the external force added to the rotating arm is small; the layout has less influence on the rotating arm, saves the space on the upper surface of the rotating arm, and is convenient for other equipment to be installed on the rotating arm; the symmetrical arrangement enables the inertial centrifugal force of the dynamic balance system to be relatively balanced on two sides of the rotating arm under the centrifugal field, when the system needs to move for balancing, the balancing weight only needs to be broken, and the balancing weight can move automatically under the action of the centrifugal field, so that the driving force used by the dynamic balance system is smaller, the problem of driving the balancing weight to move under the centrifugal field by using the small driving force is effectively solved, meanwhile, the scale of the hydraulic system is reduced, the hydraulic system is simpler, and the reliability of the system is further improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the dynamic balancing system and the centrifugal machine with the dynamic balancing system are provided with the dynamic balancing system:
1. when balancing, two mass blocks are moved, the unbalanced force can be balanced twice as much as that of a single mass block, the balancing range of the balanced force is widened, and meanwhile, when balancing the unbalanced force with the same size, the moving distance of the balancing weight is halved, so that the movement time is greatly shortened, and the balancing efficiency is improved.
2. The piston rod is fixedly connected without gaps, the connecting rigidity is high, the connecting piece is used for bearing the inertial centrifugal force of the balancing weight through the combination of the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece, and the screw is used for bearing the inertial centrifugal force of the balancing weight, so that the connection is more reliable.
3. The hydraulic driving and the hydraulic lock are adopted to enable the dynamic balancing system to quickly respond and be reliably locked at a preset position, so that the balancing system is effective and reliable; the four hydraulic cylinders are in a group, and the two hydraulic cylinders in the group are controlled to synchronously act through the proportional valve so as to ensure that the balancing weight can smoothly move along the guide rail; the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders on the same axis of different groups are fixedly connected into a whole, so that the synchronous action of the two groups of hydraulic cylinders is ensured, and the balancing weights are synchronously driven by the cooperation of the four hydraulic cylinders, so that higher control precision is easier to realize.
4. The dynamic balance systems are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine, so that the dynamic balance systems are relatively symmetrical and balanced in stress under a centrifugal field, the stress concentration is small, and the external force added to the rotating arm is small; the layout has less influence on the rotating arm, saves the space on the upper surface of the rotating arm, and is convenient for other equipment to be installed on the rotating arm; the symmetrical arrangement enables the inertial centrifugal force of the dynamic balance system to be relatively balanced on two sides of the rotating arm under the centrifugal field, when the system needs to move for balancing, the balancing weight only needs to be broken, and the balancing weight can move automatically under the action of the centrifugal field, so that the driving force used by the dynamic balance system is smaller, the problem of driving the balancing weight to move under the centrifugal field by using the small driving force is effectively solved, meanwhile, the scale of the hydraulic system is reduced, the hydraulic system is simpler, and the reliability of the system is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a centrifuge with a dynamic balancing system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial transfer trim system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a hydraulic schematic of the dynamic balancing system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a connector according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a connecting cross-section structure of a connecting member according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a dynamic balancing system; 11. a first double-acting hydraulic cylinder; 12. a second double-acting hydraulic cylinder; 13. a third double-acting hydraulic cylinder; 14. a fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder; 15. a first balancing weight; 16. a second balancing weight; 17. a connecting piece; 171. an upper connecting piece; 172. a lower connecting piece; 18. a guide rail slide block; 19. a first hydraulic lock; 20. a second hydraulic lock; 21. a third hydraulic lock; 22. a fourth hydraulic lock; 23. a first proportional valve; 24. a second proportional valve; 25. a third proportional valve; 26. a fourth proportional valve; 27. a first pump; 28. a second pump; 2. a positioning ring; 3. and a rotating arm.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 2, the dynamic balancing system 1 includes:
the same first balancing weight 15 and second balancing weight 16, the first balancing weight 15 and second balancing weight 16 are placed on two sides of the rotation axis of the rotating device respectively, the first balancing weight 15 and the second balancing weight 16 are symmetrically distributed on the rotation axis of the rotating device, and the first balancing weight 15 and the second balancing weight 16 are rigidly connected;
and the hydraulic cylinder assembly synchronously pushes the first balancing weight 15 and the second balancing weight 16 in the same direction through the action of force, the pushing direction is perpendicular to the rotation center line of the rotating device, and the force action output end of the hydraulic cylinder assembly is connected with the first balancing weight 15 and the second balancing weight 16.
When balancing, two mass blocks are moved, the unbalanced force can be balanced twice as much as that of a single mass block, the balancing range of the balanced force is widened, and meanwhile, when balancing the unbalanced force with the same size, the moving distance of the balancing weight is halved, so that the movement time is greatly shortened, and the balancing efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the hydraulic cylinder assembly includes a first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11, a second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12, a third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13, and a fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14, wherein the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13, and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14 are all fixed on the rotating device, a first end of a piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11 is coaxially connected with a first end of a piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13, a second end of a piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected with a first balancing weight 15, a second end of a piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected with a second balancing weight 16, a first end of a piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 is coaxially connected with a first end of a piston rod of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14, a second end of a piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected with the first balancing weight 15, and the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13, and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14 are symmetrically distributed with a rotation axis of the rotating device.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, further, the dynamic balancing system 1 further includes a connecting member 17, the connecting member 17 includes an upper connecting member 171 and a lower connecting member 172, the first end of the piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11 and the first end of the piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13 are both cylindrical boss structures with a diameter larger than that of the middle end, semi-cylindrical grooves are formed in the upper connecting member 171 and the lower connecting member 172, the upper connecting member 171 and the lower connecting member 172 are combined and fully cover the joint between the first end of the piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11 and the first end of the piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13, and the upper connecting member 171 and the lower connecting member 172 are connected by screws; the first end of the piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 and the first end of the piston rod of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14 are both cylindrical boss structures with diameters larger than those of the middle ends, and the upper connecting piece 171 and the lower connecting piece 172 are combined and then fully covered at the connection position of the first end of the piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 and the first end of the piston rod of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14.
The piston rods are fixedly connected without gaps, the connection rigidity is high, and the connection piece 17 is used for bearing the inertial centrifugal force of the balancing weight by the combination of the upper connection piece 171 and the lower connection piece 172 instead of the screw to bear the inertial centrifugal force of the balancing weight, so that the connection is more reliable.
As shown in fig. 3, the dynamic balancing system 1 further includes a first proportional valve 23, a second proportional valve 24, a third proportional valve 25, a fourth proportional valve 26, a first hydraulic lock 19, a second hydraulic lock 20, a third hydraulic lock 21, a fourth hydraulic lock 22, and a first pump 27, where the first proportional valve 23, the second proportional valve 24, the third proportional valve 25, and the fourth proportional valve 26 respectively control the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13, and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14 in order, and the first pump 27 is used for supplying oil to the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13, and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14 to implement reciprocating motion of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13, and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14, and the first hydraulic lock 19, the second double-acting hydraulic lock 20, the third hydraulic lock 21, and the fourth double-acting hydraulic lock 22 are used for locking the double-acting positions of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14.
The dynamic balancing system 1 can quickly respond by adopting hydraulic drive and a hydraulic lock, and is reliably locked at a preset position, so that the balancing system is effective and reliable; the four hydraulic cylinders are in a group, and the two hydraulic cylinders in the group are controlled to synchronously act through the proportional valve so as to ensure that the balancing weight can smoothly move along the guide rail; the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders on the same axis of different groups are fixedly connected into a whole, so that the synchronous action of the two groups of hydraulic cylinders is ensured, and the balancing weights are synchronously driven by the cooperation of the four hydraulic cylinders, so that higher control precision is easier to realize.
Still further, the dynamic balancing system 1 further comprises a second pump 28, the piston of the first double acting hydraulic cylinder 11, the piston of the second double acting hydraulic cylinder 12, the piston of the third double acting hydraulic cylinder 13 and the piston of the fourth double acting hydraulic cylinder 14 being provided with static pressure support structures, the second pump 28 being used for oil supply of the static pressure support structures of the piston of the first double acting hydraulic cylinder 11, the static pressure support structures of the piston of the second double acting hydraulic cylinder 12, the static pressure support structures of the piston of the third double acting hydraulic cylinder 13 and the static pressure support structures of the piston of the fourth double acting hydraulic cylinder 14.
Still further, the dynamic balancing system 1 further comprises four guide rail sliders 18 mounted on the rotating device, grooves matched with the guide rail sliders 18 are formed in two sides of the first balancing weight 15 and the second balancing weight 16, the grooves on two sides of the first balancing weight 15 are sleeved on the two guide rail sliders 18 and slide along the two guide rail sliders 18, the grooves on two sides of the second balancing weight 16 are sleeved on the two guide rail sliders 18 and slide along the two guide rail sliders 18, the two guide rail sliders 18 matched with the first balancing weight 15 are parallel to each other, and the four guide rail sliders 18 are distributed in a symmetrical mode in a rotation axis of the rotating device.
As shown in fig. 1, a centrifuge provided with a dynamic balancing system 1 includes:
the rotating arm 3 is internally provided with a groove;
a plurality of positioning rings 2 fixed on the rotating arm 3;
the dynamic balancing system 1 is symmetrically arranged at two sides of the rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine, the dynamic balancing system 1 is arranged in a groove arranged in the rotating arm 3, and the hydraulic cylinder assembly is fixedly arranged on the positioning rings 2.
The dynamic balance systems are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine, so that the dynamic balance systems are relatively symmetrical and balanced in stress under a centrifugal field, the stress concentration is small, and the external force added to the rotating arm 3 is small; the layout has less influence on the rotating arm 3, saves the space on the upper surface of the rotating arm 3, and is convenient for other equipment to be installed on the rotating arm 3; the symmetrical arrangement enables the inertial centrifugal force of the dynamic balance system to be relatively balanced at two sides of the rotating arm 3 under the centrifugal field, when the system needs to move for leveling, the balancing weight only needs to be broken, and the balancing weight can move automatically under the action of the centrifugal field, so that the driving force used by the dynamic balance system is smaller, the problem of driving the balancing weight to move under the centrifugal field by using the small driving force is effectively solved, meanwhile, the scale of the hydraulic system is reduced, the hydraulic system is simpler, and the reliability of the system is further improved.
Dynamic balancing of centrifuge loads, i.e. the need to move the imbalance forces of the corresponding mass counteracting system. According to the structural form of the rotating arm 3, the displacement of the balancing weight and the position of the balancing weight, the inertia force (centrifugal force) of the balancing weight under the centrifugal field needs to be resisted in the balancing process.
The balancing scheme is as follows: two first balancing weights 15 and second balancing weights 16 with the same mass are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rotating arm 3. The centrifugal machine is balanced in the initial state, the center of mass of the first balancing weight 15 and the center of mass of the second balancing weight 16 are the same in distance from the rotating shaft, and because the two balancing weights are rigidly connected, centrifugal forces of the two balancing weights cancel each other, and at the moment, the first balancing weight 15 and the second balancing weight 16 are in a balanced state; when the centrifugal machine needs to be balanced, the balance of the two balancing weights is broken by only needing extremely small driving force, and the two balancing weights can automatically move to a designated position under the driving of the centrifugal force difference value of the two sides, so that balancing of the centrifugal machine can be realized. And then, providing opposite force to the two balancing weights, and locking the positions of the balancing weights, wherein the magnitude of the opposite force is the same as the unbalanced force required to balance.
The dynamic balancing system 1 is hydraulically driven to move in a centrifugal field: each balancing weight is driven by two double-acting hydraulic cylinders, piston rods of the double-acting hydraulic cylinders on the same axis for driving different balancing weights are connected together by a rigid structure, and four double-acting hydraulic cylinders are respectively and independently controlled by four proportional valves. The hydraulic principle of which is shown in figure 3.
The piston of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is designed with a static pressure support, so that the hydraulic cylinder can effectively work under a centrifugal field; the median function of the proportional valve is O-shaped. The first pump 27 supplies oil to a plurality of double-acting hydraulic cylinders to realize reciprocating motion of the double-acting hydraulic cylinders, and the second pump 28 supplies oil to the static pressure supports of the pistons of the double-acting hydraulic cylinders. The first proportional valve 23 and the second proportional valve 24 cooperate to ensure synchronous movement of the first double acting hydraulic cylinder 11 and the second double acting hydraulic cylinder 12. The third proportional valve 25 and the fourth proportional valve 26 cooperate to ensure synchronous movement of the third double acting hydraulic cylinder 13 and the fourth double acting hydraulic cylinder 14. Each hydraulic cylinder is provided with a hydraulic lock to lock the cylinder position. The piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 and the piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13 are fixedly connected through a rigid structure, and the piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11 and the piston rod of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14 are fixedly connected through a rigid structure. The first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11 and the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 are arranged on the same side of the rotating shaft, and the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13 and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14 are arranged on the other side of the rotating shaft. When two masses are required to move to the left: the second pump 28 and the first pump 27 are opened, the first proportional valve 23 and the second proportional valve 24, the third proportional valve 25 and the fourth proportional valve 26 are controlled, and the piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11 and the piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 and the piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder 13 and the piston rod of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14 are synchronously moved to the left, so that the two mass blocks are pushed to move to the designated positions. After trimming, the valve core of each proportional valve is positioned at the middle position, and each hydraulic lock locks the corresponding double-acting hydraulic cylinder at the specified position. The proportional valves and the double-acting hydraulic cylinders act similarly to the mass blocks moving leftwards when the two mass blocks move rightwards.
The two balancing weights are driven by the double-acting hydraulic cylinder to move along the guide rail slide block 18 and are used for balancing unbalanced force of the system in real time; the piston rod of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the balancing weight through threads, so that the connection rigidity and the movement safety of the balancing weight under a centrifugal field are ensured; the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the positioning ring 2 through a flange on the cylinder body.
The layout of the dynamic balancing system on the swivel arm 3 is shown in fig. 1. The dynamic balance system is symmetrically arranged at two sides of the rotating shaft, the whole system is arranged inside the rotating arm 3, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is rigidly and fixedly connected with the balancing weight, the cylinder body is arranged on the positioning ring 2, the balancing weight moves along a guide rail arranged on the rotating arm 3, and the guide rail bears the gravity of the balancing weight except for the guiding function. The layout has less influence on the rotating arm 3, saves the space on the upper surface of the rotating arm 3, and is convenient for other equipment to be installed on the rotating arm 3; the dynamic balance system is balanced and balanced in stress relatively symmetrically under the centrifugal field, the stress concentration is small, and the external force added to the rotating arm 3 is small; in addition, the driving force of the dynamic balance system is smaller due to symmetrical arrangement, the scale of the hydraulic system is reduced, the hydraulic system is simpler, and the reliability of the system is further improved.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. Dynamic balancing system, characterized in that it comprises:
the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight are respectively arranged at two sides of the rotation axis of the rotating device, and are symmetrically distributed by the rotation axis of the rotating device and are rigidly connected;
the hydraulic cylinder assembly synchronously pushes the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight to the same direction through the action of force, the pushing direction is perpendicular to the rotation center line of the rotating device, and the force action output end of the hydraulic cylinder assembly is connected with the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight;
the hydraulic cylinder assembly comprises a first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, a second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, a third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and a fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder, wherein the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder are all fixed on the rotating device, the first end of a piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder is coaxially connected with the first end of a piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second end of the piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the first balancing weight, the second end of the piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the second balancing weight, the first end of the piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the first balancing weight, and the second end of the piston rod of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder is symmetrically distributed with the axis of rotation of the rotating device;
the dynamic balancing system further comprises a connecting piece, the connecting piece comprises an upper connecting piece and a lower connecting piece, the first end of a piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the first end of a piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder are of cylindrical boss structures with diameters larger than those of the middle end, semi-cylindrical grooves are formed in the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece, the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are combined and then are fully covered at the joint of the first end of the piston rod of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the first end of the piston rod of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are connected through screws; the first end of the piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the first end of the piston rod of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder are of cylindrical boss structures with diameters larger than those of the middle end, and the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are combined and then are fully covered at the joint of the first end of the piston rod of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the first end of the piston rod of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder.
2. The dynamic balancing system of claim 1, wherein: the dynamic balancing system further comprises a first proportional valve, a second proportional valve, a third proportional valve, a fourth proportional valve, a first hydraulic lock, a second hydraulic lock, a third hydraulic lock, a fourth hydraulic lock and a first pump, wherein the first proportional valve, the second proportional valve, the third proportional valve and the fourth proportional valve respectively control the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder in sequence, and the first pump is used for supplying oil to the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder to realize reciprocating motion of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and the first hydraulic lock, the second hydraulic lock, the third hydraulic lock and the fourth hydraulic lock are used for locking positions of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder in sequence.
3. The dynamic balancing system of claim 1, wherein: the dynamic balancing system further comprises a second pump, wherein the piston of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the piston of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the piston of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the piston of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder are respectively provided with a static pressure supporting structure, and the second pump is used for supplying oil to the static pressure supporting structure of the piston of the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the static pressure supporting structure of the piston of the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the static pressure supporting structure of the piston of the third double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the static pressure supporting structure of the piston of the fourth double-acting hydraulic cylinder.
4. The dynamic balancing system of claim 1, wherein: the dynamic balancing system further comprises four guide rail sliding blocks arranged on the rotating device, grooves matched with the guide rail sliding blocks are formed in two sides of the first balancing weight and the second balancing weight, the grooves in two sides of the first balancing weight are sleeved on the two guide rail sliding blocks and slide along the two guide rail sliding blocks, the grooves in two sides of the second balancing weight are sleeved on the two guide rail sliding blocks and slide along the two guide rail sliding blocks, the two guide rail sliding blocks matched with the first balancing weight are parallel to each other, and the four guide rail sliding blocks are symmetrically distributed in groups by the rotating shaft axis of the rotating device.
5. A centrifuge having a dynamic balancing system, comprising:
the rotating arm is internally provided with a groove;
a plurality of positioning rings fixed on the rotating arm;
the dynamic balancing system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the dynamic balancing system is symmetrically arranged at two sides of a rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine, the dynamic balancing system is arranged in a groove arranged in the rotating arm, and the hydraulic cylinder assembly is fixedly arranged on the plurality of positioning rings.
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| CN109092575B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2024-01-30 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Centrifugal machine balancing device and method based on rotation center position adjustment |
| CN112718266B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-07 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Automatic realize centrifugal separator device of dynamic balance regulation |
| CN112718267B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-08-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Anti-disturbance self-balancing precision centrifuge device |
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