CN108409228B - A kind of single-layer cement-based wave absorber compounded with nano wave absorber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of single-layer cement-based wave absorber compounded with nano wave absorber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00008—Obtaining or using nanotechnology related materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00258—Electromagnetic wave absorbing or shielding materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
- C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种复掺纳米吸波剂的单层水泥基吸波体及其制备方法，该吸波体包括水泥、硅灰、水、还原氧化石墨烯、纳米四氧化三铁、镀镍多壁碳纳米管和减水剂，其它组分分别占水泥质量的5～20％、30～40％、0.01～0.1％、1～3％、0.2～1.5％和0.1～0.5％；制备方法包括如下步骤：称取所需材料；将水泥、硅灰倒入搅拌锅搅拌均匀，搅拌均匀后将纳米四氧化三铁和镀镍多壁碳纳米管倒入搅拌锅，低速搅拌2～5min；接着加入还原氧化石墨烯的分散液拌合均匀；再加入水及减水剂，搅拌机低速搅拌2～5min，停10～30s，高速搅拌2～5min，将拌好的浆料注入模具振动成型，并置于恒温恒湿箱中养护，24h后脱模，在此条件下继续养护，即得。本发明绿色、环保、无放射性，制备工艺简单，成形方便，可标准化生产，与建筑结合好。
The invention discloses a single-layer cement-based wave absorber compounded with nano wave absorbers and a preparation method thereof. The wave absorber comprises cement, silica fume, water, reduced graphene oxide, nanometer iron tetroxide and nickel plating. Multi-walled carbon nanotube and water reducing agent, other components account for 5-20%, 30-40%, 0.01-0.1%, 1-3%, 0.2-1.5% and 0.1-0.5% of cement quality respectively; preparation method The method includes the following steps: weighing the required materials; pouring cement and silica fume into a stirring pot and stirring evenly, after stirring evenly, pouring the nano-iron tetroxide and nickel-plated multi-wall carbon nanotubes into the stirring pot, and stirring at low speed for 2-5 minutes; Then add the dispersion of reduced graphene oxide and mix evenly; then add water and water reducing agent, stir at low speed for 2-5 minutes, stop for 10-30s, stir at high speed for 2-5 minutes, inject the mixed slurry into the mold for vibration molding, And put it in a constant temperature and humidity box for curing, demould after 24 hours, and continue curing under this condition. The invention is green, environmentally friendly, non-radioactive, simple in preparation process, convenient in forming, can be standardized in production, and is well combined with buildings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a novel modified cement-based composite material, and particularly relates to a single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with a nano wave absorber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the electronic information industry, electromagnetic waves have penetrated into various aspects of people's lives as important carriers for information propagation. When the electric equipment works, electromagnetic radiation is generated and propagates to the surrounding environment in a conduction coupling and radiation coupling mode. Currently, electromagnetic radiation has been classified by the tissues of interest as a fourth major source of contamination behind existing water, air, noise. Electromagnetic radiation not only reduces the use efficiency, the use performance and the reliability of electronic equipment, but also reduces the service life and the safety of the electronic equipment, and meanwhile, the electromagnetic radiation causes different degrees of harm to human health through heat effect and non-heat effect, generates interference on the inherent weak electromagnetic field of a human body, causes genetic variation in human cells, increases the risk of the human body suffering from diseases such as leukemia, hypertension and cancer, and also can generate information leakage and position leakage in different degrees.
Electromagnetic waves propagate to a far place in space in the form of energy without returning to a wave source, so that electromagnetic radiation is formed, when the electromagnetic waves encounter a wave absorber, shielding and absorption phenomena can be generated, part of energy is reflected back due to mismatching of surface impedance of the wave absorber and impedance of space waves, part of energy is transmitted by the wave absorber, part of energy of the electromagnetic waves incident into the wave absorber is dissipated due to polarization of charged particles in an object, and part of energy is converted into heat energy or other forms of energy to be consumed due to multiple reflection of scattering effect in the wave absorber. In the method for researching the shielding and absorption of electromagnetic waves, the transmission line theory method is an analysis method which is widely adopted at present, the shielding body is regarded as a material body with a certain thickness, the electromagnetic waves incident on the surface of the shielding body are reflected partially, the rest part penetrates into the shielding body and propagates forwards, in the process of propagation, the electromagnetic waves are subjected to continuous absorption and attenuation of the shielding body, and are reflected and transmitted for multiple times among interfaces in the shielding body, and the principle is shown in the attached figure 1 in the specification.
Total shielding effectiveness SE according to Schelkunoff formulatotal(dB)＝SEA+SER+SEMWherein SEATo absorb part of the effect, SERFor the efficiency of the reflecting part, SEMIs the effect of multiple reflection inside the material, when SEAGreater than 15dB, SEMNegligible, at which time the total shielding effectiveness SE istotal(dB)＝SEA+SER. As can be seen from the Schelkunoff equation,the shielding can not weaken or even eliminate the electromagnetic wave fundamentally, the electromagnetic wave reflected by the surface of the material can also generate secondary pollution, and the material with the wave absorbing function is adopted to convert the energy of the electromagnetic wave into energy of other forms, so that the electromagnetic wave radiation can be eliminated fundamentally.
The low carbon, energy saving, scientific and environmental protection are basic elements of green building connotations, and people can pay more attention to the scientific and technological content and taste of living environments while enjoying low carbon life in the future society. At present, although the harmfulness of electromagnetic radiation pollution is not put on the same level with water, air and noise pollution by people, along with the enhancement of environmental awareness of people, people are believed to have a decision to treat water, air and noise pollution to treat various harmfulness brought by electromagnetic waves in the near future.
Therefore, the wave absorber capable of effectively shielding and absorbing electromagnetic waves disclosed by the invention can meet the ever-increasing beautiful living demands of people, improve the living environment quality, promote the technical innovation in the field of green buildings and the vigorous improvement of material performance, has important theoretical research and practical application values in the aspect of effectively reducing electromagnetic wave pollution, and is also a valuable work.
At present, cement-based composite materials (such as concrete, cement mortar and the like) have rich resources and good environmental adaptability and are still the most widely used building materials, the cement-based composite materials have the characteristics of high strength, long service life, environmental protection and the like, but compared with high compressive strength, the electric conductivity and the wave absorbing performance are poor, the imaginary part of the magnetic conductivity is small, the minimum value is only 0.07, the application and the development in special fields are also limited to a certain extent, and the complex doping of the wave absorbing agent in the cement-based materials is an important way for improving the wave absorbing performance.
The wave absorbing agent is divided into absorption type and interference type according to the wave absorbing mechanism, the absorption type wave absorbing agent mainly absorbs the loss of electromagnetic waves in the material, and the interference type wave absorbing agent utilizes the principle that the amplitudes of reflected waves on the surface of the wave absorbing layer of the material are equal to those of reflected waves on the bottom layer and the phases are opposite to each other to carry out interference offset so as to achieve the purposes of loss and electromagnetic wave attenuation. The absorption type wave absorbing agent is divided into the following components according to the wave absorbing mechanism: (1) resistance type: such as silicon carbide, graphite, carbon black and carbon fiber, have a high dielectric loss factor in a high frequency band, and attenuate electromagnetic wave energy through electric field interaction and resistance change; (2) dielectric type: such as barium titanate, silicon nitride, iron nitride, the wave-absorbing mechanism is to attenuate electromagnetic waves by relaxation of dielectric such as electronic polarization, ionic polarization, molecular polarization or interfacial polarization due to its high dielectric constant and large dielectric loss angle; (3) the wave absorbing mechanism is to absorb and attenuate electromagnetic waves by magnetic hysteresis loss, domain wall resonance and natural resonance by utilizing higher magnetic loss factors of magnetic materials.
The traditional wave absorbing agent mainly absorbs strong wave, metal-based materials are widely used for protecting electrical equipment from electromagnetic shielding interference, but metal shell materials are heavy and easy to corrode, so that the application of the metal shell materials in cement-based wave absorbing materials is limited. In order to avoid the defects of metal materials, metal-coated polymers, ceramics and traditional carbon-based materials are widely applied to cement-based materials as substitute for metal material wave absorbers. The traditional carbon materials such as graphite, modified graphite and carbon black have better conductivity and wave-absorbing performance, but when the traditional carbon materials are doped into a cement-based material, a ball effect is generated, and the mechanical property of the composite material is obviously reduced.
Meanwhile, the single-component wave absorbing agent is difficult to achieve the purpose of broadband absorption, so that the wave absorbing performance is poor, and the requirements of high efficiency and light weight of the wave absorbing material cannot be met, so that the preparation of the nano wave absorbing agent with dielectric loss and magnetic loss becomes a hotspot in the research field of the wave absorbing material at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior problems, the invention aims to provide a single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with a nano wave absorber and a preparation method thereof; in the invention, the dielectric medium type wave-absorbing filler and the magnetic medium filler are mixed in the cement-based material, so that the frequency band for absorbing and shielding electromagnetic waves is widened; the wave absorber provided is green, environment-friendly, free of radioactivity, simple in preparation process, convenient to form, capable of being produced in a standardized mode and good in combination with buildings.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises cement, silica fume, water, reduced graphene oxide, nano ferroferric oxide, a nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and a water reducing agent, wherein the silica fume, the water, the reduced graphene oxide, the nano ferroferric oxide, the nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and the water reducing agent respectively account for 5-20%, 30-40%, 0.01-0.1%, 1-3%, 0.2-1.5% and 0.1-0.5% of the mass of the cement.
As a preferable technical scheme of the application, the cement is ordinary portland cement with the grade of P.II 42.5, and SiO in the silica fume2Content (wt.)>86% and a specific surface area of 15m2Water content per gram<3.0%, activity index>106 percent and the total alkalinity is less than 1.5 percent.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the reduced graphene oxide has the thickness of 0.55-1.2 nm, the diameter of 0.5-3 mu m and 1-5 layers.
As a preferable technical scheme of the application, the average diameter of the nano ferroferric oxide is 20nm, and the apparent density is 0.84g/cm3The absolute density is 4.8 to 5.1g/cm3。
As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube has the tube diameter of 20-30 nm, the length of 10-30 mu m and the specific surface area of more than 110m2(ii)/g, bulk density 0.27g/cm3The conductivity was 150 s/cm.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is 45%.
A preparation method of a single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with a nano wave absorber comprises the following steps: weighing cement for later use; weighing silica fume according to the mass ratio, pouring the silica fume and the silica fume into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, weighing nano ferroferric oxide and nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nano tubes according to the mass ratio, pouring the nano ferroferric oxide and the nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nano tubes into the stirring pot, and stirring at a low speed; then adding the dispersion liquid of the reduced graphene oxide into the stirred mixture and uniformly stirring; and finally, weighing water and a water reducing agent according to the mass ratio, adding the water and the water reducing agent into the mixture, stirring the mixture at a low speed by a stirrer for 10-30 s, stirring the mixture at a high speed, injecting the stirred slurry into a mold for vibration molding, placing the mold in a constant temperature and humidity box for curing, demolding after 24h, and continuing curing under the condition to obtain the water-based paint.
As the preferable technical scheme, the time for low-speed stirring and high-speed stirring is 2-5 min.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the size of the die is 300 multiplied by 30mm3。
As a preferred technical scheme of the application, the constant temperature and humidity box keeps the temperature at 18-22 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than 90%.
Researches show that the nano material has the distinctive characteristics of surface effect, quantum size effect, small size effect, macroscopic quantum tunneling effect and the like, becomes a very active hotspot in the current scientific research of materials, and is also one of the most promising wave absorbers. The nano material has large specific surface area of nano particles, more atomic dangling bonds on the surface, and interface polarization and multiple scattering become important wave absorbing mechanisms.
The Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are seamless hollow tubes rolled by graphene sheets, have excellent mechanical properties, electrical properties, thermal properties, hydrogen storage properties and field emission properties, can be prepared by different preparation methods and surface functional modification to obtain the carbon nanotubes with specific properties, and meet the requirements of the fields of aerospace, electronics, chemical industry and biomedicine. The nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube (Ni/MWCNTs) has excellent heat resistance, corrosion resistance, impact resistance, conductivity and biocompatibility, the wave absorbing performance of the nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube also arouses the interest of a plurality of scholars at home and abroad, and the nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube has extremely wide application prospect.
Two-dimensional reduction graphene oxide (rGO) is an intermediate product for preparing graphene by graphite oxidation, has excellent intrinsic characteristics of graphene, and has a large number of active groups on the structure as follows: hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH) and epoxy (-O-), and the introduction of the active groups increases the interlayer spacing of the graphite flake, so that the metal particles or inorganic non-metal particles can be attached to the surface of the graphite flake to form an intercalation compound, and meanwhile, the graphite flake has hydrophilicity and is easy to disperse to prepare nano dispersion liquid.
Compared with the prior art, the single-pass cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention firstly uses rGO, Ni/MWCNTs and nano-Fe3O4The dielectric wave-absorbing filler and the magnetic medium filler are mixed in the cement base material, so that the wave-absorbing reflectivity is lower than-5 dB, the compression resistance and the flexural strength in 7 days are not lower than 54.8MPa and 6.6MPa, and the compression resistance and the flexural strength in 28 days are not lower than 71.3MPa and 9.3MPa within the frequency range of 2-18 GHz;
(2) the single-layer cement-based wave absorber is green, environment-friendly, free of radioactivity, simple in preparation process, convenient to form, capable of realizing standardized production and good in combination with buildings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the absorption and shielding of electromagnetic waves;
FIG. 2 is a reflectance test chart of the samples of examples 1 and 2;
wherein, 1# is the reflectivity test value of the sample of the example 1; and 2# is the reflectivity test value of the sample of example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. The examples do not indicate specific techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques described in the literature in the field or according to the product specifications; the reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are regarded as conventional products which can be purchased in the market. The sample size of the wave absorber is 300 multiplied by 30mm3The size of the wave-absorbing reflectivity test sample is 180 multiplied by 30mm3。
Example 1:
the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises cement, silica fume, water, reduced graphene oxide, nano ferroferric oxide, a nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and a water reducing agent, wherein the silica fume, the water, the reduced graphene oxide, the nano ferroferric oxide, the nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and the water reducing agent respectively account for 10%, 34%, 0.03%, 2%, 0.5% and 0.33% of the mass of the cement.
The single layer of the complex doped nano wave absorbing agentThe preparation method of the cement-based wave absorber comprises the following steps: weighing cement for later use, weighing 10% of silica fume according to the mass ratio by taking the mass of the cement as 1, pouring the cement and the silica fume into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, weighing 2% of nano ferroferric oxide and 0.5% of nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nano-tubes after uniformly stirring, and stirring at a low speed for 2.5 min; then adding 0.03 percent of reduced graphene oxide dispersion liquid (ultrasonic dispersion) into the stirred mixture and uniformly mixing; finally, 34 percent of water and 0.33 percent of water reducing agent are weighed and added into the mixture, the stirring machine is used for stirring at low speed for 2.5min and stopping at 20s, the stirring is carried out at high speed for 2.5min, and the stirred slurry is injected into the mixture with the size of 300 multiplied by 30mm3And (3) vibrating and forming the mould, placing the mould in a constant temperature and humidity box, keeping the temperature at 18-22 ℃ and the relative humidity at more than 90%, demolding after 24 hours, continuously maintaining for 7d and 28d under the condition, and continuously maintaining in a natural environment after 28d for later use.
The cement-based wave absorber prepared according to the example 1 has the compression strength and the rupture strength of 63.3MPa and 8.2MPa in 7d and the compression strength and the rupture strength of 84.2MPa and 10.9MPa in 28d respectively, as shown in figure 2# 1, the minimum reflectivity appears at the frequency of 2.22GHz and reaches-9.8 dB, and the effective bandwidth of less than-5 dB reaches 16GHz in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz.
Example 2:
the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises cement, silica fume, water, reduced graphene oxide, nano ferroferric oxide, a nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and a water reducing agent, wherein the silica fume, the water, the reduced graphene oxide, the nano ferroferric oxide, the nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and the water reducing agent respectively account for 10%, 37%, 0.03%, 2%, 1% and 0.36% of the mass of the cement.
The preparation method of the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises the following steps: weighing cement for later use, weighing 10% of silica fume according to the mass ratio by taking the mass of the cement as 1, pouring the cement and the silica fume into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, weighing 2% of nano ferroferric oxide and 1% of nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nano-tubes after uniformly stirring, and stirring at a low speed for 2.5 min; then adding 0.03 percent of reduced graphene oxide dispersion liquid (ultrasonic dispersion) into the stirred mixture and uniformly mixing; finally, 37 percent of water and 0.36 percent of water reducing agent are weighed,adding into the mixture, stirring at low speed for 2.5min and 20s for 2.5min, adding the slurry into a container with a size of 300 × 300 × 30mm3And (3) vibrating and forming the mould, placing the mould in a constant temperature and humidity box, keeping the temperature at 18-22 ℃ and the relative humidity at more than 90%, demolding after 24 hours, continuously maintaining for 7d and 28d under the condition, and continuously maintaining in a natural environment after 28d for later use.
The cement-based wave absorber prepared according to the example 2 has the compression strength and the rupture strength of 65.5MPa and 9.1MPa in 7d and the compression strength and the rupture strength of 84.6MPa and 11.2MPa in 28d respectively, as shown in figure 2#, the minimum reflectivity appears at the frequency of 3.16GHz and reaches-10.6 dB, and the effective bandwidth of less than-5 dB reaches 16GHz in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz.
As can be seen from the examples 1 and 2, the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber realizes the aim of absorbing electromagnetic waves in a broadband mode within the frequency range of 2-18GHz, has the effective bandwidth of less than-5 dB up to 16GHz, and can be widely applied to the field of absorbing and shielding electromagnetic waves of important civil buildings and general military facilities.
Example 3:
the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises cement, silica fume, water, reduced graphene oxide, nano ferroferric oxide, a nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and a water reducing agent, wherein the silica fume, the water, the reduced graphene oxide, the nano ferroferric oxide, the nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and the water reducing agent respectively account for 10%, 33%, 0.015%, 2%, 0.5% and 0.31% of the mass of the cement.
The preparation method of the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises the following steps: weighing cement for later use, weighing 10% of silica fume according to the mass ratio by taking the mass of the cement as 1, pouring the cement and the silica fume into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, weighing 2% of nano ferroferric oxide and 0.5% of nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nano-tubes after uniformly stirring, and stirring at a low speed for 2.5 min; then adding 0.015% of reduced graphene oxide dispersion liquid (ultrasonic dispersion) into the stirred mixture and uniformly mixing; finally, 33% of water and 0.31% of water reducing agent are weighed and added into the mixture, the stirring machine is used for stirring at low speed for 2.5min and stopping stirring for 20s, the stirring is carried out at high speed for 2.5min, and the mixture is stirred wellIs injected into the slurry of 300X 30mm3And (3) vibrating and forming the mould, placing the mould in a constant temperature and humidity box, keeping the temperature at 18-22 ℃ and the relative humidity at more than 90%, demolding after 24 hours, continuously maintaining for 7d and 28d under the condition, and continuously maintaining in a natural environment after 28d for later use.
The cement-based wave absorber prepared according to the example 3 has compression strength and rupture strength of 54.8MPa and 6.6MPa in 7 days and compression strength and rupture strength of 71.3MPa and 9.3MPa in 28 days.
Example 4:
the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises cement, silica fume, water, reduced graphene oxide, nano ferroferric oxide, a nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and a water reducing agent, wherein the silica fume, the water, the reduced graphene oxide, the nano ferroferric oxide, the nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and the water reducing agent respectively account for 10%, 36%, 0.045%, 2%, 0.5% and 0.36% of the mass of the cement.
The preparation method of the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises the following steps: weighing cement for later use, weighing 10% of silica fume according to the mass ratio by taking the mass of the cement as 1, pouring the cement and the silica fume into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, weighing 2% of nano ferroferric oxide and 0.5% of nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nano-tubes after uniformly stirring, and stirring at a low speed for 2.5 min; then adding 0.045% of reduced graphene oxide dispersion liquid (ultrasonic dispersion) into the stirred mixture, and uniformly stirring; finally, 36 percent of water and 0.36 percent of water reducing agent are weighed and added into the mixture, the stirring machine is used for stirring at low speed for 2.5min and stopping at 20s, the stirring is carried out at high speed for 2.5min, and the stirred slurry is injected into the mixture with the size of 300 multiplied by 30mm3And (3) vibrating and forming the mould, placing the mould in a constant temperature and humidity box, keeping the temperature at 18-22 ℃ and the relative humidity at more than 90%, demolding after 24 hours, continuously maintaining for 7d and 28d under the condition, and continuously maintaining in a natural environment after 28d for later use.
The cement-based wave absorber prepared according to the embodiment 4 has the compression strength and the rupture strength of 73.9MPa and 9.9MPa in 7d and the compression strength and the rupture strength of 98.7MPa and 12.1MPa in 28 d.
Example 5:
the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises cement, silica fume, water, reduced graphene oxide, nano ferroferric oxide, a nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and a water reducing agent, wherein the silica fume, the water, the reduced graphene oxide, the nano ferroferric oxide, the nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and the water reducing agent respectively account for 5%, 30%, 0.01%, 1%, 0.2% and 0.3% of the mass of the cement.
The preparation method of the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises the following steps: weighing cement for later use, weighing 5% of silica fume according to the mass ratio by taking the mass of the cement as 1, pouring the cement and the silica fume into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, weighing 1% of nano ferroferric oxide and 0.2% of nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nano-tubes after uniformly stirring, and stirring at a low speed for 2 min; then adding 0.01% of reduced graphene oxide dispersion liquid (ultrasonic dispersion) into the stirred mixture and uniformly mixing; finally, 30 percent of water and 0.3 percent of water reducing agent are weighed and added into the mixture, the stirring machine is used for stirring at low speed for 2min and stopping at 10s, the stirring is carried out at high speed for 2min, and the stirred slurry is injected into a size of 300 multiplied by 30mm3And (3) vibrating and forming the mould, placing the mould in a constant temperature and humidity box, keeping the temperature at 18-22 ℃ and the relative humidity at more than 90%, demolding after 24 hours, continuously maintaining for 7d and 28d under the condition, and continuously maintaining in a natural environment after 28d for later use.
Example 6:
the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises cement, silica fume, water, reduced graphene oxide, nano ferroferric oxide, a nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and a water reducing agent, wherein the silica fume, the water, the reduced graphene oxide, the nano ferroferric oxide, the nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nanotube and the water reducing agent respectively account for 20%, 40%, 0.1%, 3%, 1.25% and 0.35% of the mass of the cement.
The preparation method of the single-layer cement-based wave absorber doped with the nano wave absorber comprises the following steps: weighing cement for later use, weighing 20% of silica fume according to the mass ratio by taking the mass of the cement as 1, pouring the cement and the silica fume into a stirring pot, uniformly stirring, weighing 3% of nano ferroferric oxide and 1.25% of nickel-plated multi-walled carbon nano-tubes after uniformly stirring, and stirring at a low speed for 5 min; then 0.1 percent of reduced graphene oxide dispersion liquid (ultrasonic dispersion) is added into the stirred mixture to be uniformly mixedHomogenizing; finally, 40 percent of water and 0.35 percent of water reducing agent are weighed and added into the mixture, the stirrer is stirred at low speed for 5min and stopped at 30s, the mixture is stirred at high speed for 5min, and the stirred slurry is injected into a size of 300 multiplied by 30mm3And (3) vibrating and forming the mould, placing the mould in a constant temperature and humidity box, keeping the temperature at 18-22 ℃ and the relative humidity at more than 90%, demolding after 24 hours, continuously maintaining for 7d and 28d under the condition, and continuously maintaining in a natural environment after 28d for later use.
As can be seen from the examples, rGO, Ni/MWCNTs and nano-Fe3O4The composite material is mixed into cement slurry and the dosage of the composite material is adjusted, so that the wave-absorbing reflectivity is lower than-5 dB, the compression resistance and the flexural strength are not lower than 54.8MPa and 6.6MPa within 7 days, and the compression resistance and the flexural strength are not lower than 71.3MPa and 9.3MPa within 28 days in the frequency range of 2-18GHz, and the composite material can be widely applied to the field of absorption and shielding of electromagnetic waves of important civil buildings and general military facilities.
The protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Variations and advantages that may occur to those skilled in the art may be incorporated into the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept and the scope of the appended claims is intended to be protected.
Claims (8)
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| CN109553364B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2021-03-05 | 河北工业大学 | Double-layer electromagnetic wave-absorbing concrete based on 3D and jet printing and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114230255A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-25 | 航天长屏科技有限公司 | Modularized electromagnetic protection cement and preparation method thereof |
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