CN108338810A - a surgical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a surgical instrument, which comprises a far-end working head, a near-end handle and a lengthened rod part extending between the near-end handle and the near-end handle; the handle further includes a lock mechanism including an active mode and an inactive mode; the lock mechanism comprises a trigger mounted in the front handle, a button and an elastic element; the button interacts with the trigger to drive the trigger to rotate, so that the lock mechanism is switched between an effective mode and an ineffective mode; the button includes first button and second button, first button and second button are installed respectively two sides of preceding handle.

Description

a surgical instrument

technical field

The invention relates to a minimally invasive surgical instrument, in particular to a laparoscopic surgical instrument with a locking mechanism.

Background technique

Surgical instruments have a history of hundreds of years. During surgery, doctors use different surgical instruments to complete operations such as tissue grasping, cutting, separation, coagulation, and suture closure. Surgical instruments have matured after hundreds of years of development. Laparoscopic surgery has been clinically carried out for more than 30 years and is making rapid progress. Simply put, laparoscopic surgery means that the surgeon uses an extended laparoscopic hand-held instrument to enter the patient's body through the natural orifice or a constructed puncture channel, and completes operations such as tissue grasping, cutting, separation, coagulation, and suture closure.

Compared with traditional open surgery, laparoscopic surgery has the main advantages of less trauma, less pain and faster recovery. The overall operation of laparoscopic surgery is difficult and takes a long time. The surgeon needs 1 to 3 hours for continuous operation. Due to the limitation of the operating space, surgeons often need to operate instruments in difficult postures for a long time. Doctors are prone to fatigue, and even induce risks such as arthritis and frozen shoulder. Laparoscopic hand-held instruments should conform to the principles of ergonomics, support multiple holding techniques, reduce extreme operating postures and reduce fatigue.

When operating the same instrument, different surgeons, or the same surgeon in different operations, or a specific operation in the same operation, doctors have different ways of holding surgical instruments. Studies have shown that in laparoscopic surgery, the pinch grip (or precision grip) as shown in Figure 2 and the pam grip (or vigorous grip) as shown in Figure 3 Holding the law force grip) are the two most commonly used methods.

Existing laparoscopic hand-held instruments, such as laparoscopic surgical scissors, laparoscopic surgical separating forceps, laparoscopic surgical grasping forceps, etc., as shown in FIG. 1 , usually use scissor-shaped handles, which can support multiple gripping techniques. In order to continuously realize the clamping of organs or tissues, the existing surgical hand-held instruments with scissor-type handles have added corresponding locking mechanisms. For example, the Chinese patent No. CN2014108503121 discloses a locking device with state switching function and surgical instruments. However, although the existing patents have realized the clamping and unlocking of tissues or organs, due to the individual differences of surgeons and the complexity of the surgical environment, there are mainly the following problems to be solved urgently:

On the one hand, different surgeons have different hand sizes, and different surgeons have different surgical hand habits. The existing surgical instruments can generally meet the requirements of most surgeons’ fingers to perform normal operations, but it is difficult to Less consideration should be given to how to make the surgeon's fingers comfortable to operate, let alone meet the needs of a small number of surgeons with special requirements, such as: surgeons who are accustomed to left-handedness and to match the finger action area according to the different force habits of each finger of the surgeon;

On the other hand, how do surgeons use the same hand to conveniently switch between different manipulations during continuous operations, such as switching between finger-holding and palm-holding, or in different manipulation states? It is convenient for the surgeon to use the best hand-held posture to perform various precise operations and reduce the fatigue of long-term operation;

In addition, how to quickly switch between continuous clamping and loosening operations and fast pulling and stripping operations without the participation of a locking mechanism for tissues or organs.

The existing technology is mainly by adding surgical channels, using surgical instruments with different functions for combined use, or using multi-person assistance: for example, a hand-held instrument with a locking mechanism is used in one surgical channel, and ordinary hand-held instruments are used in the other surgical channel. ; Or switch surgical instruments with different functions in and out of the abdomen in the same surgical channel. Even so, it can only partially meet the realization requirements of the surgeon, but it increases the pain of the patient, increases the operation time and the various operation risks brought thereby.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, in order to solve the problems of the prior art, in one aspect of the present invention, a kind of surgical instrument is proposed, comprises far-end working head, near-end handle and the elongated rod part that extends therebetween; Said handle comprises front handle, rear The handle and the handle shaft connected thereto, and the front handle and the rear handle can rotate relative to the handle shaft; the working head includes a pair of pliers and a driving mechanism connected thereto; the extension rod It includes a rotating wheel, an outer rod and an inner rod, the outer rod and the rotating wheel are fixed together and installed in the front handle, one end of the inner rod is connected to the driving mechanism and the other end is connected to the rear handle, wherein , the handle also includes a lock mechanism, the lock mechanism includes a valid mode and an invalid mode; the lock mechanism includes a trigger installed in the front handle, a button and an elastic element; the button interacts with the trigger to drive the The trigger is rotated to realize the switch between the effective mode and the invalid mode of the lock mechanism; the buttons include a first button and a second button, and the first button and the second button are installed on two sides of the front handle respectively.

An optional technical solution, wherein the button is arranged in the area of the front handle A1, and meets the following requirements: when the left or right hand uses the finger grip method to operate the handle, the index finger of the operating hand can easily toggle it One button; when the handle is operated by the palm holding method of the left hand or the right hand, the thumb of the operating hand can easily toggle one of the buttons.

An optional technical solution, wherein the A1 area satisfies the following conditions: the length from the handle rotation axis to the center of the thumb circle of the rear handle is D; The second axis is set in the vertical direction; the first axis and the second axis intersect at the intersection point, and the A1 area extends from the intersection point along the proximal end of the first axis to the distal direction by D/2 length and along the second axis from the intersection point to the It consists of an area defined by extending the length of D/3 in the direction of the handle shaft.

An optional technical solution, wherein, the front handle includes a long and narrow chute or arc-shaped chute running through its two sides, and the first button and the second button can slide in the long and narrow chute or arc-shaped chute. slide in the slot.

An optional technical solution, wherein, the direction of the long and narrow chute is substantially parallel to the elongated rod.

An optional technical solution, wherein the trigger includes a trigger shaft and a first cam surface; the button interacts with the first cam surface to drive the trigger to rotate around the trigger shaft, so that the lock mechanism is in an effective mode Toggles between and inactive mode.

An optional technical solution, wherein the lock mechanism includes a lock bolt and a cantilever integrally connected with the rear handle, and the cantilever includes a plurality of first lock teeth; the lock bolt includes a Matching second locking tooth, said trigger also includes a second cam surface and a finger catch; when said lock mechanism is in active mode, said first locking tooth and second locking tooth intermesh, allowing the rear handle to face forward The handle is closed to restrict the rear handle from opening away from the front handle, which is the locking function; applying an external force to drive the finger buckle makes the trigger rotate around the trigger shaft, and the second cam surface squeezes the lock bolt, so that the first The second locking tooth is disengaged from the first locking tooth, allowing the rear handle to open away from the front handle, which is the unlocking function.

An optional technical solution, wherein the cantilever includes a flexible locking band, the plurality of first locking teeth are arranged on the flexible locking band, the flexible locking band includes limiting ribs arranged on both sides, and the front The handle includes a guide groove matched with the limiting rib and limits the movement of the flexible locking band along the guide groove.

An optional technical solution, wherein the lock mechanism includes a cantilever integrated with the rear handle; the lock mechanism also includes a locking plate, wherein the locking plate includes a lock that matches the shape and size of the cantilever hole, the cantilever penetrates the lock hole, and the trigger also includes a second cam surface and a finger buckle; when the lock mechanism is in an effective mode, the elastic element drives the locking piece to tightly fit the cantilever , allowing the rear handle to close towards the front handle and restricting the rear handle from opening away from the front handle, which is the locking function; the second cam surface can selectively contact the locking piece, and apply an external force to drive the finger buckle so that the The trigger rotates around the trigger shaft, and the second cam surface drives the lock plate to move with the cantilever, allowing the rear handle to open away from the front handle, which is the unlocking function.

Description of drawings

In order to more fully understand the essence of the present invention, below will carry out detailed description in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of the surgical instrument simulation of prior art;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the finger holding method shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the palm holding technique shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the surgical instrument of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of finger control partitions of the surgical instrument described in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of switching from an effective mode to an invalid mode when the right hand is used for finger gripping in Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of switching from an invalid mode to an effective mode when the right hand is used for finger gripping in Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of switching from the effective mode to the invalid mode when the right hand is used to hold the hand in Fig. 4;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the other side of switching from the effective mode to the invalid mode when the right hand is used for palm gripping in Fig. 7;

Figure 10 is an exploded view of the surgical instrument described in Figure 9;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the button slider shown in Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is another perspective view of the button slider shown in Fig. 11;

Figure 13 is a perspective view of the trigger shown in Figure 10;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the locking bolt described in Fig. 10;

Fig. 15 is a schematic view inside the front handle shown in Fig. 10;

Fig. 16 is an internal schematic view of the front handle cover shown in Fig. 10;

Figure 17 is a cutaway view of the present invention in an invalid mode;

Figure 18 is an enlarged schematic view of 18-18 shown in Figure 17;

Fig. 19 is a sectional view of the effective mode of the present invention;

Figure 20 is an enlarged schematic view of 20-20 shown in Figure 19;

Fig. 21 is a sectional view of the unlocking function of the present invention;

Figure 22 is an enlarged schematic view of 22-22 shown in Figure 21;

Figure 23 is an exploded view of yet another embodiment of the surgical instrument;

Fig. 24 is a schematic cutaway view of Fig. 23 in the invalid mode;

Figure 25 is an enlarged schematic view of 25-25 shown in Figure 24;

Throughout the views, the same reference numerals indicate equivalent parts or components.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein, however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, which may be practiced in various ways. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a basis for teaching one skilled in the art how to use the invention.

Referring to Figures 1-4, for the convenience of expression, the side close to the operator is defined as the near end, and the side far away from the operator is defined as the far end.

As shown in Figures 1-3, in conjunction with the aforementioned background, during surgical operations, especially laparoscopic surgery, when the cannula assembly (not shown) is inserted into place, various minimally invasive surgical instruments, such as surgical hand instruments 10 can be inserted into the body cavity through the channel formed by the sleeve assembly. It may be necessary to use one or more cannula assemblies at the same time during the operation, and the hand-held surgical instrument 10 is also configured with one or more sleeve assemblies for simultaneous operation according to the operation needs. Fig. 1 is a kind of typical surgical hand instrument 10 of prior art, comprises far-end working head 106, near-end handle 11 and the elongated bar portion 105 that extends therebetween; Said handle comprises front handle 101, rear handle 102 And the handle shaft 103 connected thereto, the front handle 101 and the rear handle 102 can rotate relative to the handle shaft 103; the front handle 101 includes a front finger ring 110, and the rear handle 102 includes a thumb ring 120, A support arm 112 is provided at the bottom of the front finger ring 111 . An unlocking trigger 115 is provided on the upper side of the front finger ring 111 for locking and unlocking the front handle 101 and the rear handle 102 .

The current laparoscopic surgery usually includes gallbladder surgery, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, laparoscopic fundoplication, laparoscopic splenectomy, laparoscopic appendectomy and other operations. The overall operation of laparoscopic surgery is difficult and takes a long time. The surgeon needs 1 to 3 hours for continuous operation. In order to relieve doctors from operating instruments in difficult postures for a long time during surgery, the existing surgical hand-held instruments have considered ergonomic principles to a certain extent, and can usually support a variety of holding techniques, reducing extreme operating postures and fatigue to a certain extent. The finger holding technique shown in Figure 2 and the palm holding technique shown in Figure 3 are the two most commonly used techniques.

Figures 1 and 2 show the gripping state of the surgeon using a typical surgical hand-held instrument 10 to pull the organ or grab the tissue with a finger grip: the ring finger of a certain hand of the surgeon passes through the front finger circle 111 , where the finger sticks to the unlocking trigger 115 position on the upper side of the front finger circle 111, and the inner surface of the little finger presses on the support arm 112; the thumb moves through the thumb circle 120 to make the rear handle 102 surround The handle shaft 103 rotates back and forth, and the movement of the rear handle 102 is converted into the movement of the distal working head 106 by the rod 105 .

Figures 1 and 3 show the gripping state of the surgeon using a typical surgical hand-held instrument 10 to pull the organ or grasp the tissue with the palm grip: the palm of one hand of the surgeon is close to the side of the handle 11 , the thumb presses the opposite side of the handle 11 to clamp the rear handle 102 in the palm to form a U-shaped clamping, the little finger presses on the support arm 112 of the front handle 101, and the ring finger passes through the front The finger ring 110, wherein the finger sticks to the unlocking trigger 115 position on the upper side of the front finger ring 110, moves to make the front handle 101 rotate back and forth around the handle shaft 103, and the rear handle 105 is moved by the rod 105 Movement of the handle 102 is translated into movement of the distal working head.

In clinical applications, the finger grip method and the palm grip method are equally important, and often require frequent switching. For example, when tissue stripping is required to expose blood vessels in clinical operations, the chief surgeon holds an ultrasonic scalpel or separating forceps in one hand to carefully carry out tissue stripping, while the other hand must usually hold grasping forceps to manipulate organs or tissues, forming a synergistic effect , in order to complete the tissue stripping operation accurately. When the surgical site is not fully exposed, or when the tissue stripping site has a large span of variation in a short period of time, the surgeon usually uses the finger grip method to operate the instrument and needs to set the locking mechanism to an invalid state. Those skilled in the art should understand that when the finger grip method is used and the lock mechanism is inactive, the operating instrument is the most flexible, so the instrument can be quickly opened and closed to grab, clamp, and drag organs or tissues, and flexibly move organs or organs. Organization, so that it can flexibly match the tissue stripping. However, when using the finger grip without auxiliary locking, the surgeon's fingers are quite fatigued. When the surgical site is fully exposed or the tissue stripping site does not move for a short time, the surgeon usually hopes to quickly switch to the effective state of the lock function, relying on the locking force of the instrument itself to clamp the organ or tissue tightly, pulling or dialing An organ or tissue that blocks vision. When the lock function is valid, the device is usually not operated for multiple quick opening and closing actions. When the organs or tissues to be grasped or pulled are large or heavy, the surgeon or surgical assistant usually switches to the palm grip method, because the palm grip method is often easy to apply force and the posture is more free to relax, which is convenient for vigorous operations or Can reduce fatigue.

It is inconvenient to switch between the effective state and the invalid state of the lock mechanism of the surgical instrument 10 in the prior art shown in FIG. In addition, because the force position of the middle finger is exactly the position of the unlocking trigger 115 on the upper side of the front finger ring 111, when the instrument is operated to grasp organs, if the middle finger exerts a little force, it is easy to cause the middle finger to press the trigger 115 to make the handle 11 in the unlocked state, that is, it is easy Cause the lock mechanism to trigger unlocking by mistake.

4-9 depict in detail a surgical instrument 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising a distal working head 23, a proximal scissor-shaped handle 21 and an elongated rod portion 22 extending therebetween; the handle 21 includes a front handle 206, The rear handle 202 and the handle shaft 261 connected thereto, and the front handle 206 and the rear handle 202 can rotate relative to the handle shaft 261; the handle shaft 261 is integrally injected with the front handle 206 and passed through the shaft hole 222, The front handle 206 and the rear handle 202 are flexibly connected. The handle shaft 261 can also be set as a separate part for movably connecting the front handle 206 and the rear handle 202 . The extension rod 22 includes a rotating wheel 214, an outer rod 213 and an inner rod 215, the outer rod 213 and the rotating wheel 214 are fixed together and installed in the front handle 206, one end of the inner rod 215 is connected to the The driving mechanism 211 is connected and its other end is connected with the rear handle 202 and fixed in the fixing hole 221 of the rear handle 202 through the fixing shaft 218 .

The working head 23 includes a pair of pliers 210 and a driving mechanism connected thereto. The driving mechanism includes a first connecting block 217 , a second connecting block 216 , a sliding block 212 , a driving arm 211 , and a pin 219 . The first connecting block 217 and the second connecting block 216 are symmetrically connected up and down with a pair of pliers heads 210 respectively, and are loaded into the driving arm 211 together with the slider 212 and fixed by pins 219 . The distal end of the inner rod 215 is connected to the slider 212, and the inner rod 215 is driven to move to drive the slider 212 to move. The first connecting block 217 and the second connecting block 216 that are connected with the slider 212 drive a pair of pliers 210 Realize opening and closing. Those skilled in the art can easily imagine that other disclosed linkage mechanisms, chute mechanisms or simple adaptive modifications based on the prior art can be used to replace the working head 23 described in the invention to achieve the same or similar functions . According to the configuration of the working head 23, the hand-held instrument 20 can be divided into surgical scissors with a scissor head, grasping forceps with a fine-toothed straight forceps head, stripping forceps with a curved forceps head, and the like. With the development of surgical handheld instruments, in order to meet the needs of different operations, more and more different types of working heads have appeared, all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention, and will not be listed one by one here.

In one embodiment, the front handle 206 includes a front finger ring 262 , and the rear handle 202 includes a thumb ring 224 . The rotational movement of the front handle 206 and the rear handle 202 relative to the handle shaft 261 is transformed into a linear movement of the inner rod 215, and the driving mechanism 211 drives the pliers 210 to close or loosen. The handle 21 also includes a lock mechanism 24 that includes an active mode and an inactive mode. In the invalid mode, the front handle 206 and the rear handle 202 can rotate relative to the handle shaft 261 to realize the opening and closing of the working head 23; in the effective mode, the front handle 206 and the rear handle 202 can be Rotate relative to the handle shaft 261, allowing the rear handle 202 to close towards the front handle 206 and restrict the rear handle 202 from opening away from the front handle 206, which is the locking function; when an external force is applied to drive the trigger shaft to rotate, the rear handle 202 is allowed to deviate from Open the front handle, which is the unlocking function.

Those skilled in the art should understand that in laparoscopic surgery, due to the limitation of the operating space, surgeons often need to operate instruments in difficult postures for a long time, and doctors are prone to fatigue, which may even induce risks such as arthritis and frozen shoulder. Therefore, it is particularly important that a laparoscopic hand-held instrument conforming to ergonomics or known as Ergonomics can support a variety of holding techniques, reduce extreme operating postures and reduce fatigue. There are many published studies on human ergonomics related to laparoscopic surgery: representative studies include a review of the ergonomic issues published in Journal of Healthcare Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 587-603, 2012 In the laparoscopic operating rom, the human ergonomic hazards of laparoscopic surgical instruments are detailed. Many other documents also mention the human functional defects and hazards of laparoscopic instruments, but no solutions are given. In the Technical report, new ergonomic design criteria for handles of laparoscopic dissection forces published in Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques, Volume 11, No. 1, 2001, some human ergonomic evaluation measures are listed, but the evaluation measures are limited to anthropometric statistics The obtained handle length size, finger ring size design suggestions, and a rough method of evaluating the different gripping experiences of existing handles are given, but no design suggestions or hints related to functional performance are given.

Ergonomics is a very complex subject. According to the definition given by the International Ergonomics Society (IEA), ergonomics is a discipline that "studies the anatomy, physiology and psychology of people in a certain working environment. Various factors; the study of the interaction between man and machine and the environment; the study of how people consider work efficiency, human health, safety and comfort in a unified way at work, at home and on vacation. However, so far, there have been In the disclosed patent technology, there are few disclosures about the ergonomics application cases or related research of laparoscopic hand-held instruments. The present invention adopts the principle of ergonomics, and utilizes the experiments and statistics of comprehensive disciplines such as anthropometry, biomechanics, time and work research. In this study, an ergonomic laparoscopic hand-held instrument, its design method, and its use method are proposed.

Briefly speaking, the present invention roughly divides the surgical instrument 20 into divisions as shown in FIG. 261 and the first axis 1000 perpendicular to the second axis 2000, the first axis 1000 and the second axis 2000 intersect at the intersection point 1001, the intersection point 1001 along the first axis 1000 proximal to the distal direction and along the second axis 2000 by Set a square area with a length of D from the intersection point to the rotation axis of the handle, divide the square area into two equal parts (D/2) along the first axis 1000, and divide the square area into three equal parts (D/3) along the second axis 2000, and set it as A1 area, A2 area, A3 area and B1 area, B2 area, B3 area. It needs to be further pointed out that the aforementioned "the length from the handle shaft 261 to the center of the thumb circle 224 of the rear handle 202 is D", the specific value of D is not a fixed value, and its value varies within a small range. Based on anthropometry and biomechanical principles, the optimal D value range obtained through experimental research and statistics is 60≤D≤70 (unit: mm).

In order to take into account the hand shapes and different holding techniques of different groups of people, in an optional solution, set the first button 237 in the area A1 to switch between the effective mode and the invalid mode, set the trigger 205 in the area A2, and set the trigger 205 in the area A3. A middle finger pressing area is set inside, and a rotating wheel 214 is set in the B1 area. In yet another preferred technical solution, the first button 237 is arranged in the A1 area corresponding to the handle 21, and the second button 237a is arranged in the A1 area along the symmetry of the plane formed by the second axis 2000 and the first axis 1000 In position A1-1, operating the first button 237 or the second button 237a can control the handle 21 to switch between the valid mode and the invalid mode.

The working principle of the button, trigger and wheel position design is described in more detail below. As shown in Figure 6-8, when using the finger gripping technique, taking the operation of the surgeon’s right hand as an example, the ring finger passes through the front finger circle 262, the middle finger sticks to the A3 area on the upper side of the front finger circle 262, and the index finger A1 area, A2 area or B1 area can be flexibly controlled. The index finger in the A1 area mainly plays the role of pushing the first button 237 from the proximal end to the distal end, or from the distal end to the proximal end; in the A2 area, it mainly plays the role of pressing the control trigger 205; The rotating direction of the rotating wheel 214 is dialed back and forth to rotate the rotating wheel 214.

Furthermore, when the finger gripping technique is used, the index finger reaches the B1 area and is basically in a straight state. It is inconvenient to apply force when the index finger in the straight state is in the B1 area for pressing or pushing back and forth along the first axis 1000, so it is not suitable to set the status button. The index finger can comfortably rotate and toggle along the rotation direction of the wheel 214 in the B1 area. When the index finger is in the A1 area and the A2 area, the finger is in a bent state, so the pressing or pushing action can be performed comfortably. The first button 237 is set in the A1 area, and the trigger 205 is set in the A2 area, and the wheel 214 is set in the B1 area. This setting makes it easy for the index finger to toggle and rotate the wheel 214, and at the same time it is convenient to push the second wheel. A button 237 realizes switching between the valid mode and the invalid mode, and at the same time, it is convenient to press or pull the trigger 205 to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state. Those skilled in the art should understand that in the field of surgical operations, especially in the field of laparoscopic surgery, the index finger of the surgeon is usually called an index finger. The index finger is usually not used as an option for operating the handle with output operating force. The index finger is usually used to control the direction of the instrument or Toggle status buttons, etc. The above-mentioned multiple states, function switching or operation are quite frequent, and in laparoscopic surgery, because the eyes of the surgeon usually have to pay close attention to the monitor in the front horizontal direction, there is no time to look down at his operator's hand or the patient's area , so the convenience of switching and manipulating these various states is very important.

As shown in Figure 9, when the right hand of the surgeon is switched from the finger grip method to the palm grip technique, the surgeon's palm is close to the side of the scissors handle 21, and the thumb presses the opposite side of the scissors handle 21. The side clamps the rear handle 202 in the palm, forming a U-shaped clamp. At this time, the index finger can still easily toggle and rotate the wheel 214, and at the same time, can conveniently press or pull the trigger 205 to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state; at this time, due to the blocking of the palm, the index finger cannot operate the A1 area The first button 237 of the internal switching state, but at this time the surgeon's thumb is just pressing on the A1-1 area, so the second button 237a can be pushed conveniently to switch between the valid mode and the invalid mode.

In the preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first button 237 and the second button 237a are roughly symmetrical with respect to the plane formed along the second axis 2000 and the first axis 1000, which should be easily understood by those skilled in the art. This symmetrical relationship enables the doctor to operate the surgical instrument 20 with the fingers or the palm of the left hand, which is basically the same as the operation of the surgical instrument 20 of the present invention with the right hand, so details are not repeated here.

In summary, the first button, the second button, the positional relationship setting of the trigger and the wheel in the present invention can simultaneously satisfy the need for the index finger to rotate the wheel conveniently when the fingers of the right hand (left hand) hold the finger, and the effective mode and Invalid mode switching, locked state and unlocked state switching. At the same time, when the right hand (left hand) holds the palm, the index finger can conveniently complete the rotation of the wheel, switch between the locked state and the unlocked state, and the thumb can complete the switching between the effective mode and the invalid mode. Moreover, the setting of this positional relationship can also satisfy the convenient switching between the finger holding method and the finger holding method at the same time. Its beneficial effects can be briefly described as follows: only relying on the tactile feedback of the surgeon, it is convenient and quick to change between the finger holding method and the palm holding method, convenient and fast operation of the wheel rotation, effective mode and invalid mode switching, locking state and unlocked state toggle.

Studies have shown that up to now, there is no patent technology or literature disclosing the laparoscopic instrument of the present invention, its design method, and its use method. Also do not have any enterprise, group or individual to disclose, or produce, or sell laparoscopic apparatus described in the present invention. In the disclosed prior art, common laparoscopic surgical instruments set their locking mechanism state switching buttons in the B1 area (for example, the structure disclosed in US Patent US5626608), similar to this patented technology, which has been mass-produced and used in the abdominal cavity For endoscopic surgical instruments (such as the laparoscopic grasping forceps series sold under the Auto Suture brand), the lock mechanism status button is set in the B1 area. When operating such instruments with a finger grip method, the comfort of switching between the effective mode and the invalid mode is not enough Good, and it is not convenient to support the effective mode and invalid mode switching under the palm grip. Another common laparoscopic surgical instrument sets its locking/unlocking trigger in the B2 area and only includes two states of locked state and invalid state (such as the structure disclosed in the US patent US6117158), similar to this patented technology has been mass-produced And the laparoscopic surgical instruments used (such as the laparoscopic grasping forceps series sold under the brand of ENDOPATH), the lock/unlock button is set in the B2 area, and it is inconvenient to perform the lock function when the finger holding method or the palm holding method is used. related switching. Another common laparoscopic surgical instrument sets the locking/unlocking trigger in the A3 area and the valid/invalid mode switching button in the A2 area (for example, the structure disclosed in US Patent US8551077 and US Patent Application US20060004406), and this patented technology Similar mass-produced and used laparoscopic surgical instruments (such as the series of laparoscopic graspers sold under the CLICKline brand) have the lock/unlock trigger set in the A3 area and the active/inactive mode switching button in the A2 area. With this design, it is usually necessary to use the middle finger to operate the trigger for locking/unlocking switching, and use the middle finger or index finger to operate the button for valid/invalid mode switching, which is uncomfortable to operate and switch. It should be pointed out that setting the trigger in the A3 area may cause a lot of inconvenience. The most common problems mainly include that when the instrument is in the locked state, the middle finger almost needs to be used when the surgeon operates the instrument (grasper) to clamp the organ or tissue and pull it, no matter whether it is the finger grip method or the palm grip method. It is used to assist force application. In this state, it is very easy to touch the trigger, resulting in false triggering, causing the device to accidentally switch from the locked state to the unlocked state, causing organs or tissues to slip, causing inconvenience in clinical use, and even inducing medical accidents.

10-22 depict one embodiment of surgical instrument 20 in more detail. The surgical instrument 20 includes a lock mechanism 24, the composition and structure of which is depicted in FIGS. 10-18. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 17 , the locking mechanism 24 includes a trigger 205 , a locking piece 208 , and a toothless cantilever 226 connected with the rear handle 202 as a whole. The toothless cantilever 226 includes a toothless cantilever body 223 protruding outward from the rear handle 202 and a toothless cantilever distal end 227 . The toothless cantilever body 223 is arranged in an arc-shaped structure, including a cantilever inner wall 229 and a cantilever outer wall 228. The shapes of the cantilever inner wall 229 and the cantilever outer wall 228 generally extend from the joint of the handle 202 along the handle shaft 261 to form a concentric shape. The arc-shaped toothless cantilever body 223 . The material of the toothless cantilever body 223 includes plastic material that is integrally injected with the rear handle 202 , and can also be made of other semi-rigid or rigid materials or even flexible materials. The lock mechanism 24 also includes a button assembly 25 and an elastic element 250, the trigger 205, the elastic element 250 and the button assembly 25 are installed in the front handle 206 together. The elastic element 250 drives the trigger 205 to reset after being pressed. The trigger 205 controls the locking piece 208 to cooperate with the toothless cantilever 226 to realize locking and unlocking. In the prior art, a toothed lock belt is usually used, and the lock teeth of the lock belt are easily exposed outside the handle, which may cause scratches on the surgeon's fingers or gloves. At the same time, when the toothed locking belt is in use, the density of the locking teeth determines the spacing of each locking tooth, which in turn determines the degree to which the working head of the surgical instrument can clamp tissues and organs. Those skilled in the art should understand that in order to maintain continuous clamping and pulling during the vigorous pulling operation, if the strength is not enough, the state cannot be maintained during the vigorous pulling, and the tissues and organs are prone to slipping, affecting the operation process, and even causing operation failure; On the other hand, if the working head is excessively clamped, it may cause damage to tissues and organs, which is not conducive to patient recovery. Although the lock belt can adjust the clamping degree of the working head by encrypting the lock teeth, the lock mechanism may be unreliable because the lock teeth are too small, causing the lock mechanism to slip and fail, and maintaining a certain distance between the lock teeth may cause either clamping or clamping. The clamping force is not enough, or the clamping force is too large. The toothless cantilever body 223 of the present invention cooperates with the locking plate 208 to realize locking at any position, satisfy the clamping force just in line with the clamping requirements of different operations and different tissue and organ positions, realize stepless changes, and keep the surgical instrument 20 in place The clamping force position and clamping force.

As shown in FIGS. 10-12, the button assembly 25 includes a button slider 203, a first button 237, and a second button 237a. The button block 203 includes a slider body 230 with a limiting groove 231 , and the slider body 230 includes a slider side wall 234 ( 235 ) and a limiting block 233 . The slider side wall 234 ( 235 ) and the limit block 233 together define a limit groove 231 . The side wall 234 (235) of the slider extends outwards to a button installation column 232 that is fixed with the first button 237 and the second button 237a. Pushing the first button 237 or the second button 237a can be used to drive the button slider. The block 203 slides from the distal end to the proximal end or from the proximal end to the distal end, and then pushes the trigger 205 to rotate, so as to realize switching between the valid mode and the invalid mode. The first button 237 includes a friction strip 238 with an arc surface, which can facilitate finger force.

As shown in FIG. 13 , the trigger 205 includes a trigger shaft hole 258 and a trigger shaft 269 connected to the front handle 206 , a first cam surface 251 , a second cam surface 255 and a finger buckle 259 . The trigger 205 includes a roughly crescent-shaped trigger body 254 , the first cam surface 251 is disposed on one side of the trigger body 254 , and the finger grip 259 is disposed on the other side of the trigger body 254 . The trigger body 254 is provided with a hole 257 near the first cam surface 251 for installing the elastic element 250 . The trigger shaft hole 258 passes through the trigger body 254 and is disposed between the first cam surface 251 and the finger buckle 259 . The first cam surface 251 includes a cam arc section 253 and a cam straight surface 252 . When the button assembly 25 is pushed to move from the proximal end to the distal end, the stopper 233 of the button assembly 25 contacts and cooperates with the cam arc segment 253 and the cam straight surface 252 of the first cam surface 251 respectively, thereby pushing the The trigger 205 is rotated to switch from the effective mode to the invalid mode. The second cam surface 255 extends outward along the side of the trigger body 254 , and the second cam surface 255 rotates with the trigger 205 to push the locking plate 208 and the toothless suspension arm 226 to realize locking and unlocking.

As shown in FIG. 14 , the locking piece 208 includes a locking hole 284 matching the shape and size of the toothless cantilever 226 , and the toothless cantilever 226 penetrates the locking hole 284 . The locking piece 208 includes a first piece 281, a second piece 283, and a transition section 282 connecting the two. The composition of the first piece 281, the second piece 283 and the transition section is roughly in the shape of a "Z" Type cleat 208. A locking spring 204 is provided on the proximal surface of the second sheet body 283 . The second plate body 283 and the lock plate spring 204 can be connected by welding, or limited by a movable shaft, and the like. The lock hole 284 of the first sheet 281 includes a first lock hole wall 285 and a second lock hole wall 286, and the first lock hole wall 285 and the second lock hole wall 286 are connected to the cantilever inner wall 229 of the toothless cantilever 226. It roughly matches with the cantilever outer wall 228 , and the distance between the first keyhole wall 285 and the second keyhole wall 286 is greater than the distance between the cantilever inner wall 229 and the cantilever outer wall 228 . The locking piece 208 is made of rigid materials, such as metal materials, thermosetting plastic materials, or semi-rigid materials. When the second cam surface 255 of the trigger 205 can selectively contact the locking piece 208, an external force is applied to drive the finger buckle 259 so that the trigger 205 rotates around the trigger shaft 269, and the second cam surface 255 drives the The lock piece 208 moves to make it fit with the toothless cantilever 226, allowing the rear handle 206 to open away from the front handle 202; in an optional way, when the first piece 281 is approximately perpendicular to the toothless cantilever 226 , the first keyhole wall 285 is in clearance fit with the cantilever inner wall 229, the second keyhole wall 286 is in clearance fit with the cantilever outer wall 228, the toothless cantilever 226 rotates around the handle shaft 261, and the toothless cantilever 226 can freely Passing through the lock hole 284 corresponds to an unlocked state or an invalid mode at this time. When the first piece 281 is in oblique contact with the toothless cantilever 226, the locking plate spring 204 drives the locking plate 208 to tightly fit with the toothless cantilever 226, and the first locking hole wall 285 is in contact with the toothless cantilever 226. The cantilever inner wall 229 is pressed into contact, and the second keyhole wall 286 is pressed into contact with the cantilever outer wall 228. The toothless cantilever 226 rotates around the handle shaft 261, allowing the rear handle 202 to close toward the front handle 206 and restricting the rear handle 202 from moving away from the front handle. 206 is opened, this moment is locking function.

5, 10 and 15-17 depict the front handle 206 where the fixed lock mechanism 24 is mounted. The front handle 206 also includes a front handle cover 209 matched therewith. The front handle 206 has a substantially symmetrical structure with the front handle cover 209 except for the front finger ring 262 . In the area A1-1 and A1, the front handle cover 209 and the front handle 206 are respectively symmetrically provided with a first sliding groove 297 and a second sliding groove 267, and the first sliding groove 297 and the second sliding groove 267 define a The button slider 203 moves back and forth along the direction of the chute. In this embodiment, the first chute 297 and the second chute 267 are long and narrow chute, and the direction of the long and narrow chute is basically parallel to the elongated rod portion 22. Those skilled in the art should understand that the The first chute 297 and the second chute 267 can also be set as arc chute. As mentioned above, when the index finger is in the A1 area and A2 area, the finger is in a bent state, so the pressing or pushing action can be performed comfortably, but the arc-shaped pushing of the index finger is not as comfortable as pushing in a straight line. Therefore, the operating experience of using an arc-shaped chute is not as good as using a straight-line narrow chute that is roughly parallel to the direction of the rod. The size of the proximal opening 297a (267a) and the distal opening 297b (267b) of the first sliding groove 297 and the second sliding groove 267 can be the same. In a preferred technical solution, the proximal opening size 297a (267a) is larger than The size of the opening at the far end is 297b (267b). In this way, the operating experience can be further improved when sliding, and the operator can be clearly prompted when the effective mode and the invalid mode are switched.

In areas A1-1 and A1, the front handle 206 includes a handle shaft 261 and a trigger shaft 269 fixed thereto. The handle shaft 261 and the trigger shaft 269 can be installed and fixed as separate parts with the front handle 206, or The front handle 206 may be injection molded as one piece. The front handle cover 209 is provided with a fixing column 291 ( 299 ) corresponding to the handle shaft 261 and the trigger shaft 269 . As an optional technical solution, the trigger shaft 269 is integrated with the trigger shaft hole 269 of the trigger 205 , the trigger 205 includes the trigger shaft 269 , and the front handle cover 209 and the front handle 206 are provided with shaft holes at corresponding positions. In the roughly B1 area and its symmetrical area, the front handle 206 also includes a wheel mounting slot 265 at a distal position, and the front handle cover 209 includes a wheel mounting slot 295 . The runner mounting grooves 265 ( 295 ) together restrict the runners to perform rotational movement in the groove. The front handle 206 and the front handle cover 209 include a cantilever slot 263 (293) that accommodates the rear handle 202 through which the toothless cantilever 226 passes. The cantilever slot 263 (293) forms a complete cantilever opening, and the size of the cantilever opening is larger than that of the toothless The external dimensions of the cantilever 226, and the toothless cantilever 226 does not contact the cantilever groove 263 (293) when it rotates around the handle shaft. The front handle 206 and the front handle cover 209 also include a cantilever bin 266 (296) for avoiding the toothless cantilever 226. When the surgical instrument 20 is closed, the cantilever bin 266 (296) can accommodate the toothless cantilever 226. As an optional technical solution, the cantilever bin 266 (296) is a hollow bin protruding outward on the front handle 206 and the front handle cover 209. The front handle 206 and the front handle cover 209 also include a support groove 264 (294) that limits the lever movement of the locking piece 208, and the support groove 264 (294) is defined by ribs 260 (290) protruding from both sides . The ribs 260 (290) of the support grooves 264 (294) serve as rotational support points when the locking piece 208 rotates. The front handle 206 and the front handle cover 209 also include a spring groove 268 (298) for defining the locking plate spring 204, one end of the locking plate spring 204 is connected with the locking plate 208, and the other end is defined in the spring groove 268 (298) is compressed.

Fig. 5 and Figs. 17-20 depict in detail the switching of the lock mechanism 24 between the active mode and the inactive mode. When the finger gripping method is used as an example, the right hand operation of the surgeon is an example. The ring finger passes through the front finger circle 262, and the middle finger is attached to the A3 area on the upper side of the front finger circle 262. The index finger can flexibly control the A1 area, A2 area area or B1 area. When the surgical instrument 20 needs to be quickly closed and opened, typically such as when blood vessels are dissected during gallbladder surgery, it is necessary to switch the surgical instrument 20 from the active mode to the inactive mode. The index finger moves in the area A1 by the first button 237 pushing the button assembly 25 from the proximal end to the distal end, and the first button 237 drives the button block 203 to move along the first sliding groove 297 and the second sliding groove 267 . The limit block 233 of the button block 203 interacts with the first cam surface 251 to drive the trigger 205 to rotate clockwise around the trigger shaft 269. During this process, the second cam surface 255 of the trigger 205 follows the The trigger 205 rotates clockwise to push the second piece 283 of the locking piece 208 to rotate counterclockwise, and the first piece 281 rotates and tilts to fit the locking hole 284 with the toothless cantilever 226 . When the limit block 233 moves to the cam linear surface 252 of the first cam surface 251, the trigger 205 forms a self-lock with the button block 203, and the elastic element 250 cannot be reset. At this time, the lock mechanism 24 is switched from the valid mode to the invalid mode. Those skilled in the art should understand that in the invalid mode, since the lock hole 284 and the toothless cantilever 226 are always in a clearance fit state, the front of the handle 21 The handle 206 and the rear handle 202 can be conveniently folded and opened to meet the needs of the tissues to be stripped and cut during the finger gripping method. And when the surgeon adopts the right hand to switch the palm grip method by the finger grip method to pull the organ or tissue vigorously and realize the occlusal, at this moment it is necessary to switch the surgical instrument 20 from the invalid mode to the effective mode. The palm of the surgeon is close to the side of the scissors-shaped handle 21, and his thumb presses the opposite side of the scissors-shaped handle 21 to clamp the rear handle 202 in the palm, forming a U-shaped clamping. Due to the clamping of the palm, the index finger cannot control the first button 237 in the switching state in the A1 area, and at this time, the thumb just presses the A1-1 area, so the second button 237a can be conveniently pushed along the far end to the near by the thumb The second button 237 a drives the button block 203 to move along the first sliding groove 297 and the second sliding groove 267 . The limit block 233 of the button block 203 interacts with the first cam surface 251 to drive the trigger 205 to rotate counterclockwise around the trigger shaft 269 , during this process, the trigger 205 is under the action of the elastic element 250 Perform reset movement, the second cam surface 255 rotates counterclockwise with the trigger 205 to drive the second piece 283 and drives the first piece 281 of the locking piece to rotate clockwise to reset, the first piece 281 In oblique contact with the toothless cantilever 226, the locking plate spring 204 drives the locking plate 208 to tightly fit with the toothless cantilever 226, the first lock hole wall 285 is in pressing contact with the cantilever inner wall 229, and the second The keyhole wall 286 is in pressing contact with the cantilever outer wall 228, and the toothless cantilever 226 rotates around the handle shaft 261, allowing the rear handle 202 to close toward the front handle 206 and restricting the rear handle 202 from opening away from the front handle 206. At this time, the surgeon can realize the occlusal locking of the working head 23 through the pressing and friction between the locking piece 208 and the toothless cantilever 226, so as to avoid fatigue of the palm caused by long-time clamping. Those skilled in the art should understand that the mutual switching between the above-mentioned effective mode and the invalid mode can be freely operated with one hand no matter when the finger holding method or the palm holding method is adopted.

In addition, when the left-handed surgeon switches between the above-mentioned effective mode and the invalid mode, the whole operation process is similar, the difference is that when the right hand performs the finger grip method, the index finger toggles the first button 237, when adopting the palm grip technique, what the thumb toggles is the second button 237a; and when the left hand carries out the finger grip method, what the index finger toggles is the second button 237a, and when adopting the palm grip technique, what the thumb toggles is The first button 237 . Those skilled in the art should understand that by arranging the first button 237 and the second button 237a in the A1 area and A1-1 of the handle 21, on the one hand, the surgeon can be used in different surgical environments, such as fast closing and closing. Open peeling operation or long-term pulling operation, etc., can be easily switched between effective mode and invalid mode with the same hand, without the cooperation of the other hand or other people to complete the operation; On the one hand, it also satisfies the fact that no matter whether the surgeon is right-handed or left-handed, he can switch between the effective mode and the invalid mode with one hand.

As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 14 and Figs. 19-22 describe in detail the switching between the locking function and the unlocking function of the lock mechanism 24 in the effective mode. First, confirm that the first button 237 or the second button 237a of the handle 21 is in the proximal position, that is, the surgical instrument 20 is in the valid mode. As shown in Figure 17-18, when the organ needs to be stretched vigorously for a long time, it will be briefly described by taking the surgeon's palm holding technique as an example. The palm of the surgeon is close to the side of the scissors-shaped handle 21, and the thumb presses the opposite side of the scissors-shaped handle 21 to clamp the rear handle 202 in the palm to form a U-shaped clamping, and the rear handle 202 is used as a fixed handle, its little finger is pressed on the support arm 264 of the front handle 206, the ring finger passes through the front finger circle 262, the middle finger sticks to the upper side of the front finger circle 262, passes through the middle finger, ring finger and little finger together With force, the front handle 206 is driven to rotate to close the handle 21, and then realize the working head 23 and closed clamping. During this process, the front handle 206 rotates clockwise from the distal end to the proximal end, the rear handle 202 rotates counterclockwise relative to the front handle 206, the toothless cantilever 226 rotates around the handle shaft 261, The first sheet 281 is pushed to move counterclockwise, and the second sheet 283 pushes and compresses the lock plate spring 204. At this time, the first lock hole wall 285 is in contact with the cantilever inner wall 229, and the second lock hole wall 286 is in contact with the cantilever inner wall 286. The outer wall 228 contacts, but does not interfere with, the rear handle 202 closing toward the front handle 206 .

Once the closing movement is stopped, the locking piece 208 is driven to tightly fit with the toothless cantilever 226 due to the reaction force after the compression of the locking piece spring 204, and the first piece 281 is in oblique contact with the toothless cantilever 226, The first keyhole wall 285 is in press contact with the cantilever inner wall 229 , and the second keyhole wall 286 is in press contact with the cantilever outer wall 228 to limit the rear handle 202 from opening away from the front handle 206 . At this time, the surgeon can realize the occlusal locking of the working head 23 through the pressing and friction between the locking piece 208 and the toothless cantilever 226, so as to avoid palm fatigue caused by long-term clamping force.

As shown in Figure 10 and Figures 19-22, when the unlocking operation is required, a brief description will be given by taking the surgeon's palm holding technique as an example. The palm of the surgeon is close to the side of the scissors-shaped handle 21, and the thumb presses the opposite side of the scissors-shaped handle 21 to clamp the rear handle 202 in the palm to form a U-shaped clamping, and the rear handle 202 is used as a fixed handle, the little finger is pressed on the support arm 264 of the front handle 206, the ring finger passes through the front finger ring 262, and the middle finger is attached to the upper side of the front finger ring 262, and the external force is first pressed by the index finger to drive The finger buckle 259 rotates clockwise to drive the second cam surface 255 to rotate with the trigger 205 , and the second cam surface 255 of the trigger 205 rotates clockwise with the trigger 205 to push the second piece of the locking piece 208 The body 283 rotates counterclockwise, and the first sheet body 281 rotates and tilts to fit with the locking hole 284 and the toothless cantilever 226 . The second piece 283 pushes and compresses the locking plate spring 204, at this time, the first lock hole wall 285 does not contact the cantilever inner wall 229, and the second lock hole wall 286 does not contact the cantilever outer wall 228, allowing the rear handle 202 to deviate from Opening the front handle 206 is the unlocking function. While keeping the forefinger pressing the trigger 205, the handle 202 and the front handle 206 can be freely folded and opened. When the index finger releases the finger buckle 259, the trigger 205 automatically resets under the action of the elastic element 250, the second cam surface 255 is separated from the second sheet body 283, and the locking piece 208 is locked by the locking piece spring 204. The locking plate 208 is automatically reset under the action of the rebound, and the locking plate 208 is pressed against the toothless cantilever 226 .

Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention uses the toothless cantilever 226 and the locking plate 208 to realize the unlocking and locking functions of the surgical instrument 20. During the closing process of the handle 21, the locking at any position can be realized, and the clamping force just meets the requirements. The clamping requirements of different operations and different tissue and organ positions can be changed infinitely, and the disadvantages caused by the tooth lock can be overcome, so that the surgical instrument 20 can maintain a suitable clamping force position and clamping force.

Figures 23-25 depict yet another embodiment, the surgical instrument 30 is roughly the same as the surgical instrument 20, mainly for the replacement of the toothless cantilever 226 and the locking piece 208 used for locking by the locking mechanism 24, and the toothed cantilever 326 is used. Cooperate with trigger 305 to realize locking function and unlocking function.

The surgical instrument 30 includes a distal working head 23, a proximal scissors handle 31 and an elongated rod 22 extending therebetween; the handle 31 includes a front handle 206, a rear handle 202 and a handle shaft 261 connected thereto, And the front handle 206 and the rear handle 202 can rotate relative to the handle shaft 261 . The handle 31 includes a lock mechanism 34. Both the lock mechanism 34 and the lock mechanism 24 include a valid mode and an invalid mode, and the switching modes of the two are basically the same, which will not be repeated here. The lock mechanism 34 includes a cantilever 326 extending from the rear handle 202 and a trigger 305 to cooperate to achieve locking. The cantilever 326 includes a plurality of first locking teeth 325, and the trigger 305 includes a second locking tooth 342 matched with the saw teeth; when the locking mechanism 34 is in an effective mode, the elastic element 350 drives the The trigger 305 makes the first locking tooth 325 and the second locking tooth 342 engage with each other, allowing the rear handle 202 to close towards the front handle 206 and restricting the rear handle from opening away from the front handle, which is the locking function; apply external force to drive the finger buckle 259 The trigger 305 is rotated around the trigger shaft, the first locking tooth 325 and the second locking tooth 342 are separated from each other, and the rear handle is allowed to open away from the front handle, which is the unlocking function.

There have been shown and described many different embodiments and examples of the invention. One of ordinary skill in the art can make adaptations of the described methods and apparatus with appropriate modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Several modifications have been mentioned, and others will be conceivable to those skilled in the art. The scope of the present invention should therefore be in accordance with the appended claims and should not be construed as being limited by the details of structure, material or acts shown and described in the specification and drawings.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of surgical instrument, including distal end working head, proximal handle and the lengthening bar portion extended therebetween；The handle packet Containing front handlebar, rear handle and the arm pivot post for connecting it, and the front handlebar and rear handle can be made relative to the arm pivot post Rotary motion；The working head includes a pair of of binding clip and the driving mechanism being attached thereto；The lengthening bar portion includes runner, outside Bar portion and draw-in bar, the outer bar portion and runner are fixed together and are mounted in front handlebar, described draw-in bar one end with it is described Driving mechanism connects and its other end is connect with rear handle, which is characterized in that

1) handle also includes latch mechanism, and the latch mechanism includes effective model and invalid mode；

2) latch mechanism includes the trigger being mounted in front handlebar, button and elastic element；

3) button and the trigger interact, and the trigger is driven to rotate, and realization latch mechanism is in effective model and in vain Switch between pattern；

4) button includes the first button and the second button, and first button and the second button are separately mounted to described preceding Two sides of hand.

2. surgical instrument as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the button setting meets in the regions front handlebar A1 It is following to require：Left or right hand using finger gripping enforce the law operate the handle when, the index finger of the hand of operation can be stirred easily One of button；When left or right hand operates the handle using palm grip method, the thumb of the hand of operation can be convenient Stir one of button.

3. surgical instrument as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the regions A1 meet the following conditions：

The thumb circle center position length for defining arm pivot post to rear handle is D；

The lengthening bar portion includes first axle, crosses arm pivot post and second axis is arranged with first axle vertical direction；

The first axle and second axis intersect at intersection point, the regions A1 by from intersection point along first axle proximate side It is formed to D/2 length is extended with the region for extending the restriction of D/3 length by intersection point to handle rotor shaft direction along second axis.

4. surgical instrument as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the front handlebar includes through the long and narrow of two side Sliding slot, first button and the second button can slide in the long and narrow sliding slot.

5. surgical instrument as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the long and narrow sliding slot is oriented parallel to the extension bar Portion.

6. surgical instrument as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the trigger includes trigger shaft, the first cam surface；Institute It states button to interact with first cam surface, the trigger is driven to be rotated around trigger shaft, realize latch mechanism effective Switch between pattern and invalid mode.

7. surgical instrument as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that

1) latch mechanism includes the anodontia cantilever being linked together with rear handle；The latch mechanism also includes locking plate, wherein described Locking plate includes the lockhole to match with the anodontia cantilever shape and size, and the anodontia cantilever penetrates the lockhole, described to pull Machine further includes the second cam surface and finger buckle；

2) when the latch mechanism is effective model, the elastic element drive the locking plate be allowed to anodontia cantilever tight fit, Handle closes up towards front handlebar after permission and handle is opened away from front handlebar after limiting, as lock function；Second cam Face selective can be contacted with the locking plate, applies finger buckle described in outer power drive and the trigger is revolved around trigger shaft Turn, and the second cam surface drives locking plate movement, be allowed to anodontia cantilever clearance fit, handle is away from front handlebar after permission It opens, as unlocking function.

8. surgical instrument as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that

1) cantilever includes multiple first locks teeth；The latch mechanism also includes finger buckle and matches with the first lock tooth Second lock tooth；

2) when the latch mechanism is effective model, the elastic element drives the trigger to be rotated around the trigger shaft, So that the first lock tooth and the second lock tooth are mutually twisted, after permission handle close up towards front handlebar and before handle deviates from after limiting Handle opens, as lock function；Applying finger buckle described in outer power drive makes the trigger be rotated around trigger shaft so that The second lock tooth and the first lock tooth disengage, and handle is opened away from front handlebar after permission, as unlocking function.