CN108271140B - D2D double-current wireless network access method suitable for distribution and utilization service - Google Patents
D2D double-current wireless network access method suitable for distribution and utilization service Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a D2D double-current wireless network access method suitable for distribution and power utilization services, wherein D2D double-current access adopts a regionalized centralized convergence mechanism, and a cluster head is selected by a CPE in one region as a data convergence node CPE; the node CPE (customer premises equipment), namely a cluster head, is in direct link communication with other CPE (customer premises equipment) in the cluster by adopting D2D, and is used for finishing data aggregation of all the CPE in the cluster and then uniformly communicating with the ENodeB through an LTE (long term evolution) air interface and sending the data to the ENodeB; unique objective functions and constraint conditions are designed, division algorithm simplification optimization solving is carried out, the problem of power wireless network blind area coverage, the problem of mass power distribution and utilization terminal concurrent access are solved, and the problem of power distribution and utilization service communication access reliability is enhanced in a double-flow mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power distribution and utilization services, in particular to a D2D double-current wireless network access method suitable for power distribution and utilization services.
Background
To meet the demand for local communication load growth and to provide a better user experience, D2D (Device-to-Device) communication technology is proposed for application to LTE-Advanced (LTE-a) systems [1,2 ]. The LTE-a is an evolution version of LTE, and aims to meet the higher demands of future wireless communication markets and diversified wireless applications, meet or even mutexceed the requirements of an International Mobile Telecommunications-Advanced (IMT-a) system, and simultaneously maintain better backward compatibility for the LTE system. The D2D communication is a novel technology which allows terminals to directly communicate by multiplexing cell resources under the control of a macro base station, can increase the spectrum efficiency of a cellular communication system, reduce the transmitting power of the terminals and solve the problem of the lack of the spectrum resources of the wireless communication system to a certain extent. In The research Project of LTE-a proposed by 3GPP (The 3rd Generation Partnership Project), new technologies need to be provided on The basis of LTE to meet The requirements of IMT-a, providing higher data rates and system capacity. IMT-a systems allow for D2D communication to be supported under a cellular network to improve spectrum utilization. D2D communication shares resources with cell users under the control of the cell network, and thus the spectrum utilization will be improved [3 ]. In addition, it can bring about advantages including: the method has the advantages of reducing the burden of the cellular network, reducing the battery power consumption of the mobile terminal, increasing the bit rate, improving the robustness of network infrastructure faults and the like, and can also support novel point-to-point data service in a small range.
Figure 1 shows the communication pattern of a pair of D2D users (users selected by the red dotted oval) under the architecture of a conventional cellular network. Users can not only interact with the macro base station, but also directly transmit D2D information with nearby users through a D2D link, and it is emphasized that users on the D2D link are still controlled by the macro base station and can perform signaling interaction with the macro base station [1 ]. The macro base station coordinates resource allocation for cellular communications and D2D link communications, and the base station may limit the transmit power of the D2D user pair to reduce interference of D2D communications to the macro base station user receiver. With the LTE network fully loaded, wireless resources may be allocated to the D2D link, in contrast to cognitive radio users not having local spectrum hole detection in this case.
The various existing techniques have some functionality similar to that of D2D, but are quite different in nature. Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) provide cheap, low-cost, high-speed access to the internet and Local services [4], however, WLANs use a common frequency band, interference is unpredictable, other devices use the frequency band, which may cause WLAN network congestion, furthermore, WLAN access points cannot manage resource usage of each user, and D2D uses an authorized frequency band for communication to control interference conditions of a transmission link. Therefore, based on the access of the authorized frequency band, the local service provider can clearly plan the strategy more conveniently and provide better user experience. Compared with local network access strategies such as Bluetooth or WLAN, the D2D can broadcast and download service nodes, so that dynamic searching of technologies such as Bluetooth and WLAN and pairing between users are avoided, energy efficiency is reduced, keys of D2D devices are uniformly distributed by a base station, pairing of the devices is not needed, or a new key is not needed to be established, and safety of information transmission is enhanced. In addition, the 3GPP organization introduced a home Base Station (Femto Base Station) scheme to solve the problem of indoor coverage [5 ]. The user can set up the home base station by himself according to needs to improve the indoor coverage network capacity and the frequency spectrum utilization rate, however, the home base station access point needs to be accessed to the cellular network core network through the internet through a wired network.
The D2D technology and the cognitive radio technology are both used for improving network throughput and spectrum utilization rate by multiplexing resources of macro cells, but the two technologies are different, a D2D user still receives control of a macro base station during direct communication, but in the cognitive radio network, the slave user is not restricted by a master user when occupying master user resources. This difference brings about differences in the operational complexity of resource reuse, resource utilization rate, and interference influence on existing user communication of the network, and compared with cognitive radio, it is more realistic that D2D communication reuses resources completely under controlled conditions.
For the complex structure of D2D communication embedded in the existing cellular network, interference management is one of the key technical problems to be solved urgently, and whether the D2D communication design is reasonable or not will bring interference to the existing cellular network [6 ]. The existing Hiperlan2[7], TETRA [7] and other standards avoid interference by allocating resources (such as time slots, frequency domain channels and the like) of D2D users different from those of the cellular network, but for broadband systems (such as LTE systems), such reservation of resources for D2D communication inevitably results in a reduction of resource utilization. In some Wi-Fi technologies based on IEEE802.11, a D2D user can sense and access a channel if and only if the channel is idle, Wi-Fi provides a direct mode of operation where the user performs pairing transmissions in a manner similar to bluetooth. In order to reduce the interference of D2D communication to existing cellular network users, document [1] proposes a way to limit the transmission power of the D2D link and the distance of the D2D user pair. Next, a fixed boost and compensation factor is proposed to dynamically control the power level of D2D to limit the disturbance of D2D [2 ]. The concept of Interference Limited Area (ILA) based on a pre-set signal-to-interference ratio is proposed [9], and D2D users are allowed to share resources with cellular users outside the interference limited area.
Several of the documents mentioned before have been studied with the aim of increasing the network throughput [1,2,9] or guaranteeing a reliable transmission [3,6] of D2D communications, whereas the documents [10-13] consider both the network throughput and the transmission reliability. Document [10] analyzes a network with a single D2D pair and a single cellular user to maximize network throughput, with guaranteed QoS (Quality of Service) requirements for the cellular users. For the scenario of multiple D2D pairs and multiple cellular users, the document [2,11,13] then considers the QoS requirements of both cellular users and D2D users. Specifically, a fixed transmit power difference scheme is proposed to coordinate interference between D2D users and cellular users [11,12], however, a suitable power difference is not readily available, D2D access cannot employ a scheme with a high power difference on a large scale, and a low power difference reduces the probability that user QoS is satisfied. A heuristic algorithm was proposed to solve the resource allocation problem [13] modeled by the hybrid linear nonlinear programming problem, but the literature does not consider the cooperation of cellular and D2D user pairs.
In the existing technical scheme, the problem of blind areas is covered by the following methods:
1. an indoor distribution system and an operator scheme are built in a blind area (basement).
2. Coverage is supplemented by relays (A: 1.8GHz base station-relay +230MHz relay-CPE (Customer Premise Equipment) terminals, B:230MHz base station-relay +470MHz relay-CPE terminals). Dongguan adopts A, and flowers adopt B scheme.
The defects of the prior art are that the cost of a distributed system is high, the economic benefit is poor, and the resource utilization rate of the distributed system constructed for a single CPE is low; the problem of relay power supply (the emergency power supply is adopted to get power at present). The relay is installed outside the electric room, and the equipment safety cannot be guaranteed. Meanwhile, the construction cost is increased by adding the relay equipment. And the construction is not expanded on a large scale.
The invention mainly solves the following three problems: 1) the problem of coverage of a blind area of an electric power wireless network is specifically the access problem of power distribution and utilization terminals at the edges of a basement and a community; 2) the problem of concurrent access of massive power distribution and utilization terminals is solved, and the frequency bandwidth of a power wireless network is limited, namely the number of the concurrent access terminals is limited; 3) and the communication access reliability of the power distribution and utilization service is enhanced through a double-flow mode. Each terminal accesses the D2D server through different cluster heads, and two data are transmitted through different fading channels, so that diversity gain can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome at least one defect in the prior art, provides a D2D double-current wireless network access method suitable for distribution and power utilization services, solves the problems of blind area coverage of a power wireless network, concurrent access of massive distribution and power utilization terminals and enhances the communication access reliability of the distribution and power utilization services in a double-current mode.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a D2D double-current wireless network access method suitable for distribution and power utilization services, D2D double-current access adopts a regionalized centralized convergence mechanism, and a cluster head is selected by a CPE in one region as a data convergence node CPE; the Node CPE, namely a cluster head, is in direct link communication with other CPE in the cluster by D2D, and after data aggregation of all the CPE in the cluster is completed, the data are communicated with an ENodeB (Evolved Node B, namely the name of a base station in LTE (Evolved Node B, eNB for short) in a unified manner through an LTE (Long Term Evolution) air interface and sent to the ENodeB; the method designs a unique objective function and constraint conditions, and carries out simplified optimization solution of a divide-and-conquer algorithm, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1: judging whether the CPE is in the ENodeB signal coverage range or not, and registering D2D equipment;
s2: after the registration is successful, the CPE sends out a physical detection frame to search the CPE for the D2D equipment to access, and the field detection process is completed;
s3: after receiving all the CPE field detection lists, the D2D server starts a topology decision process;
s4: D2D dual stream access topology update.
In a preferred embodiment, step S1 includes two cases: in the first case, if the CPE is in the coverage of the ENodeB signal, the CPE requests the ENodeB to access the network, starts an initial attach (attach) procedure, and completes the D2D device registration; the CPE adds the terminal information, the current channel state, the system capacity and other data into an attachment request message and sends the attachment request message to the ENodeB, and the attachment request message is transmitted to the MME; the D2D server obtains CPE information through MME (Mobility Management Entity), after checking the preset relevant access strategy, the server is admitted to the CPE, distributes a unique D2D equipment ID to the CPE, and records the reported information of the CPE and the accessed MME and ENodeB;
in the second case, if the CPE is in an ENodeB coverage blind area, the CPE cannot access the wireless network at present; if the CPE cannot receive the ENodeB broadcast signal, automatically starting an initialization field detection process, and searching a CPE terminal which can be accessed in the field; at this time, the CPE is not registered with the D2D server and is accessed by adopting a preset temporary D2D equipment ID; if the D2D link is initialized successfully, the information of the current blind area CPE and the state of the D2D direct connection channel are sent to the ENodeB through the accessible CPE, and D2D equipment registration is completed; if initializing the D2D link setup fails, the CPE cannot access the network.
In a preferred scheme, in step S2, after the D2D device is successfully registered, the D2D server sends a domain probing request to the CPE, and the CPE starts domain probing after receiving the request and sends probing information to the D2D server; the server replies ACK after receiving the information to complete the field detection process; in the second case, the domain probing is initialized to access as much as possible, and all accessible CPE probing is not completed, so the D2D server will request the CPE to re-probe and feed back a complete probe list.
The domain probing is a process in which the CPE sends out a physical probe frame to find an access available to D2D to the CPE. After receiving the sounding frame, other CPEs in the field feed back their IDs and channel state information. After the domain probing is completed, the CPE obtains a CPE candidate list (including corresponding channel quality conditions) available for D2D link establishment in the domain. The physical sounding frame may be a preset fixed sequence or a pseudo-random sequence, and the receiving end determines whether the sounding frame appears or not through correlation detection. In the event that a CPE cannot access the network state, probe frames will be sent periodically to seek D2D access by other CPEs.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the topology decision process includes:
under the condition of limited access channels, the CPE in the field is gathered as much as possible, the number of cluster heads is reduced, the probability of concurrent conflict is reduced, and the mass CPE terminals are ensured to be accessed as much as possible;
under the condition that an access channel is sufficient or not sufficiently utilized, the coverage range of the cluster head is reduced, and the candidate cluster head is promoted to serve as the cluster head;
the detailed steps of the process are as follows:
y1: assuming N accessible CPE devices, the D2D device ID is set Ω ═ D1,D2,…,DNAn ID of each device is unique; the number of the current access channels is M, namely the number of concurrent accesses is M; for CPEDiDefine it and CPEDjThe channel state is hi-j；
When in use
The channel is considered unavailable, i.e. no connection;
considering that the channel transmits the current service, the rate is greater than ri，
Can be obtained by a shannon formula;
in particular, define hiIs a CPEDiThe state of an air interface channel with ENodeB; when in use
The channel is considered unavailable, i.e., no connection is made with the ENodeB;
the channel is considered to be a high-quality channel, namely the channel has good transmission quality and small attenuation.
Y2: let r beiIs a CPEDiThe current service transmission rate; b isiIs a CPEDiDirectly calculating B by Shannon formula to the maximum transmission rate of current base station transmissioniAnd hiAre closely related; make cluster head integrated as gamma, when DiC pED when being epsilon TiThe current cluster head selected by the D2D server, the cluster head being a set of CPEs connected by the D2DΦDi，CPEDjConnected cluster head set is XDj，XDjHas 0, 1 or 2 elements;
Die Γ must satisfy the following condition:
defining channel reliability as
Wherein J (h)j) The channel reliability function defined for the user can be determined according to specific situations;
y3: the dual-stream access topology decision problem is converted into a problem of selecting a cluster head and D2D connection, namely, a maximization objective function:
the constraint condition is that the number of the elements of the formula (1) and the gamma is less than or equal to M; the problem is solved by adopting a divide-and-conquer algorithm, the CPE with the most connection quantity is ranked as the preferred cluster head according to a D2D field detection list, and the CPE which can not participate in the optimization is listed, namely the CPE which is connected with only 1 link or can not be connected is listed;
y4: if the constraint condition still has an optimization space, selecting the largest cluster to perform cluster fission and dividing the cluster into 2 small clusters; and (5) iteratively calculating a constraint condition and an objective function, and seeking further cluster fission under the condition that the constraint condition is met until an optimal solution is generated.
In a preferred scheme, in step S4, the D2D dual-stream access topology update is divided into three cases:
in the first case, the channel condition of the cluster head is seriously reduced, the information transmission of the cluster is influenced, and an uplink can be fed back to a D2D server according to the error rate information to perform topology updating;
in the second case, when a new CPE is added and the constraint condition of step S3 is not satisfied, topology updating is performed;
in the third case, the existing CPE is deactivated or moved, resulting in the constraint condition that there is still an optimized cluster fission space for topology upgrade.
The topology updating strategy is the same as the optimization strategy of step S3, and if the current constraint condition cannot be satisfied, step S3 is restarted to integrally redeploy the topology.
After the topology is updated or optimized, the D2D service sends the latest topology to all connectable CPEs through control signaling, and completes the data transmission again.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention can be used for extending and covering the basement and the power distribution and utilization terminal of the wireless signal blind area at the edge;
2) the access efficiency of mass data is effectively improved, the concurrency conflict caused by limited access channels is reduced, and the number of clear cluster heads in constraint conditions is smaller than the number of the access channels;
3) the double-current access effectively improves the data reliability, and the same data reaches the ENodeB through different fading channels and can be received in a diversity mode.
The wireless communication access method is applied to wireless communication access of power distribution and utilization services in specific scenes and is based on the service characteristics of large quantity and low communication rate. The invention ensures that double-flow access (transmission reliability) and cluster convergence (mass data concurrency) are considered.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a communication diagram of D2D.
Fig. 2 is a 3GPP LTE network architecture diagram with D2D function according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a D2D dual-flow access method in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a D2D dual-flow wireless network access method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the existing LTE network architecture needs to enhance the corresponding support to support the implementation of D2D function, and the specific network architecture can be found in document [14 ]. This partial network architecture is not central to the present invention, where the CPE connects to distribution automation terminals (DTU, RTU, FTU, etc.) and metering automation equipment (concentrators, public works, negative control terminals, etc.) through a portal or RS 232/458. The CPE is connected to the ENodeB equipment through a wireless air interface, and collected data are transmitted back to the base station end.
The ENodeB also integrates the functions of part of RNC (Radio Network Controller), and reduces the protocol level during communication. The MME is mainly responsible for functions of mobility management, bearer management, authentication and authentication of users, selection of SGW and PGW and the like. The SGW (Serving Gateway) is mainly responsible for user plane processing, routing and forwarding of data packets, and other functions, supports switching of different access technologies of 3GPP, and serves as an anchor point of a user plane when switching occurs. A pgw (packet Data Network gateway), which is an anchor point of a user plane Data link between a 3GPP and a non-3GPP Network, and is responsible for managing Data routing between the 3GPP and the non-3GPP, managing mobility between a 3GPP access and a non-3GPP access (such as WLAN, WiMAX, etc.), and also responsible for functions such as DHCP, policy execution, charging, and the like. The Data Server here refers to a Data control center of a power service distribution network and metering, and generally, the distribution network and the metering Data control center are independent of each other, have different security access policies, and belong to different departments of a power company. The D2D Server (D2D Server) implements an important management unit of the D2D function, and is responsible for distribution, storage, and maintenance of the D2D device ID, establishment, tracking, capacity, and the like of the D2D link.
A D2D double-current wireless network access method suitable for distribution and power service is disclosed, as shown in FIG. 3, the D2D double-current access adopts a regionalized centralized convergence mechanism, and a cluster head is selected by a CPE in one region as a data convergence node CPE; the node CPE (customer premises equipment), namely a cluster head, is in direct link communication with other CPE (customer premises equipment) in the cluster by adopting D2D, and is used for finishing data aggregation of all the CPE in the cluster and then uniformly communicating with the ENodeB through an LTE (long term evolution) air interface and sending the data to the ENodeB; different from the traditional cluster head mode, the invention adopts a double-current mode, namely each CPE is connected to 2 different cluster heads through a D2D link, and the two cluster heads cannot detect each other, thereby ensuring effective diversity gain. Data for one CPE will have 2 copies of the same data sent to the enodebs over different wireless fading channels. The dual-stream access is suitable for the distribution service, because the data volume of the service is small, and the repeated transmission is acceptable for the waste of resources.
As shown in fig. 4, the method designs a unique objective function and constraint conditions, and performs a simplified optimization solution of the divide-and-conquer algorithm, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: judging whether the CPE is in the ENodeB signal coverage range or not, and registering D2D equipment;
s2: after the registration is successful, the CPE sends out a physical detection frame to search the CPE for the D2D equipment to access, and the field detection process is completed;
s3: after receiving all the CPE field detection lists, the D2D server starts a topology decision process;
s4: D2D dual stream access topology update.
In the specific implementation process, step S1 includes two cases: in the first case, if the CPE is in the coverage of the ENodeB signal, the CPE requests the ENodeB to access the network, starts an initial attach (attach) procedure, and completes the D2D device registration; the CPE adds the terminal information, the current channel state, the system capacity and other data into an attachment request message and sends the attachment request message to the ENodeB, and the attachment request message is transmitted to the MME; the D2D server obtains CPE information through the MME, after checking a preset relevant access strategy, the CPE is admitted, a unique D2D equipment ID is distributed to the CPE, and the reported information of the CPE and the accessed MME and ENodeB are recorded;
in the second case, if the CPE is in an ENodeB coverage blind area, the CPE cannot access the wireless network at present; if the CPE cannot receive the ENodeB broadcast signal, automatically starting an initialization field detection process, and searching a CPE terminal which can be accessed in the field; at this time, the CPE is not registered with the D2D server and is accessed by adopting a preset temporary D2D equipment ID; if the D2D link is initialized successfully, the information of the current blind area CPE and the state of the D2D direct connection channel are sent to the ENodeB through the accessible CPE, and D2D equipment registration is completed; if initializing the D2D link setup fails, the CPE cannot access the network.
In a specific implementation process, in step S2, after the D2D device is successfully registered, the D2D server sends a domain probing request to the CPE, and the CPE starts domain probing after receiving the request and sends probing information to the D2D server; the server replies ACK after receiving the information to complete the field detection process; in the second case, the domain probing is initialized to access as much as possible, and all accessible CPE probing is not completed, so the D2D server will request the CPE to re-probe and feed back a complete probe list.
The domain probing is a process in which the CPE sends out a physical probe frame to find an access available to D2D to the CPE. After receiving the sounding frame, other CPEs in the field feed back their IDs and channel state information. After the domain probing is completed, the CPE obtains a CPE candidate list (including corresponding channel quality conditions) available for D2D link establishment in the domain. The physical sounding frame may be a preset fixed sequence or a pseudo-random sequence, and the receiving end determines whether the sounding frame appears or not through correlation detection. In the event that a CPE cannot access the network state, probe frames will be sent periodically to seek D2D access by other CPEs.
In a specific implementation process, in step S3, the topology decision process is:
under the condition of limited access channels, the CPE in the field is gathered as much as possible, the number of cluster heads is reduced, the probability of concurrent conflict is reduced, and the mass CPE terminals are ensured to be accessed as much as possible;
under the condition that an access channel is sufficient or not sufficiently utilized, the coverage range of the cluster head is reduced, and the candidate cluster head is promoted to serve as the cluster head;
the detailed steps of the process are as follows:
y1: assuming N accessible CPE devices, the D2D device ID is set Ω ═ D1,D2,…,DNAn ID of each device is unique; the number of the current access channels is M, namely the number of concurrent accesses is M; for CPEDiDefine it and CPEDjThe channel state is hi-j；
When in use
The channel is considered unavailable, i.e. no connection;
considering that the channel transmits the current service, the rate is greater than ri，
Can be obtained by a shannon formula;
in particular, define hiIs a CPEDiThe state of an air interface channel with ENodeB; when in use
The channel is considered unavailable, i.e., no connection is made with the ENodeB;
the channel is considered to be a high-quality channel, namely the channel has good transmission quality and small attenuation.
Y2: let r beiIs a CPEDiThe current service transmission rate; b isiIs a CPEDiDirectly calculating B by Shannon formula to the maximum transmission rate of current base station transmissioniAnd hiAre closely related; make cluster head integrated as gamma, when DiC pED when being epsilon TiThe current cluster head selected by the D2D server, the cluster head being a set phi of CPEs connected by the D2DDi，CPEDjConnected cluster head set is XDj，XDjHas 0, 1 or 2 elements;
Die Γ must satisfy the following condition:
defining channel reliability as
Wherein J (h)j) The channel reliability function defined for the user can be determined according to specific situations;
y3: the dual-stream access topology decision problem is converted into a problem of selecting a cluster head and D2D connection, namely, a maximization objective function:
the constraint condition is that the number of the elements of the formula (1) and the gamma is less than or equal to M; the problem is solved by adopting a divide-and-conquer algorithm, the CPE with the most connection quantity is ranked as the preferred cluster head according to a D2D field detection list, and the CPE which can not participate in the optimization is listed, namely the CPE which is connected with only 1 link or can not be connected is listed;
y4: if the constraint condition still has an optimization space, selecting the largest cluster to perform cluster fission and dividing the cluster into 2 small clusters; and (5) iteratively calculating a constraint condition and an objective function, and seeking further cluster fission under the condition that the constraint condition is met until an optimal solution is generated.
In a specific implementation process, in step S4, the D2D dual-flow access topology update is divided into three cases:
in the first case, the channel condition of the cluster head is seriously reduced, the information transmission of the cluster is influenced, and an uplink can be fed back to a D2D server according to the error rate information to perform topology updating;
in the second case, when a new CPE is added and the constraint condition of step S3 is not satisfied, topology updating is performed;
in the third case, the existing CPE is deactivated or moved, resulting in the constraint condition that there is still an optimized cluster fission space for topology upgrade.
The topology updating strategy is the same as the optimization strategy of step S3, and if the current constraint condition cannot be satisfied, step S3 is restarted to integrally redeploy the topology.
After the topology is updated or optimized, the D2D service sends the latest topology to all connectable CPEs through control signaling, and completes the data transmission again.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts;
the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A D2D double-current wireless network access method suitable for distribution and power utilization services, D2D double-current access adopts a regionalized centralized convergence mechanism, and a cluster head is selected by a CPE in one region as a data convergence node CPE; the node CPE (customer premises equipment), namely a cluster head, is in direct link communication with other CPE (customer premises equipment) in the cluster by adopting D2D, and is used for finishing data aggregation of all the CPE in the cluster and then uniformly communicating with the ENodeB through an LTE (long term evolution) air interface and sending the data to the ENodeB; the method is characterized in that a unique objective function and constraint conditions are designed, and a divide-and-conquer algorithm is simplified and optimized to solve, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1: judging whether the CPE is in the ENodeB signal coverage range or not, and registering D2D equipment;
s2: after the registration is successful, the CPE sends out a physical detection frame to search the CPE for the D2D equipment to access, and the field detection process is completed;
s3: after receiving all the CPE field detection lists, the D2D server starts a topology decision process;
s4: D2D dual-stream access topology updating;
in step S3, the topology decision process includes:
under the condition of limited access channels, the CPE in the field is gathered as much as possible, the number of cluster heads is reduced, the probability of concurrent conflict is reduced, and the mass CPE terminals are ensured to be accessed as much as possible;
under the condition that an access channel is sufficient or not sufficiently utilized, the coverage range of the cluster head is reduced, and the candidate cluster head is promoted to serve as the cluster head;
the detailed steps of the process are as follows:
y1: assuming N accessible CPE devices, the D2D device ID is set Ω ═ D1,D2,…,DNAn ID of each device is unique; the number of the current access channels is M, namely the number of concurrent accesses is M; for CPEDiDefine it and CPEDjThe channel state is hi-j；
When in use
The channel is considered unavailable, i.e. no connection;
considering that the channel transmits the current service, the rate is greater than ri，
Can be obtained by a shannon formula;
in particular, define hiIs a CPEDiThe state of an air interface channel with ENodeB; when in use
The channel is considered unavailable, i.e., no connection is made with the ENodeB;
considering the channel as a high-quality channel;
y2: let r beiIs a CPEDiThe current service transmission rate; b isiIs a CPEDiMaximum transmission rate to the current base station; make cluster head integrated as gamma, when DiC pED when being epsilon TiThe current cluster head selected by the D2D server, the cluster head being a set phi of CPEs connected by the D2DDi，CPEDjConnected cluster head set is XDj，XDjHas 0, 1 or 2 elements;
Die Γ must satisfy the following condition:
defining channel reliability as
Wherein J (h)j) The channel reliability function defined for the user can be determined according to specific situations;
y3: the dual-stream access topology decision problem is converted into a problem of selecting a cluster head and D2D connection, namely, a maximization objective function:
the constraint condition is that the number of the elements of the formula (1) and the gamma is less than or equal to M; the problem is solved by adopting a divide-and-conquer algorithm, the CPE with the most connection quantity is ranked as the preferred cluster head according to a D2D field detection list, and the CPE which can not participate in the optimization is listed, namely the CPE which is connected with only 1 link or can not be connected is listed;
y4: if the constraint condition still has an optimization space, selecting the largest cluster to perform cluster fission and dividing the cluster into 2 small clusters; and (5) iteratively calculating a constraint condition and an objective function, and seeking further cluster fission under the condition that the constraint condition is met until an optimal solution is generated.
2. The D2D dual-stream wireless network access method for electricity distribution service according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, there are two cases: in the first case, if the CPE is in the ENodeB signal coverage range, the CPE requests the ENodeB to access the network, starts an initial attachment process and completes D2D equipment registration;
in the second case, if the CPE is in an ENodeB coverage blind area, the CPE cannot access the wireless network at present; if the CPE cannot receive the ENodeB broadcast signal, automatically starting an initialization field detection process, and searching a CPE terminal which can be accessed in the field; if the D2D link is initialized successfully, the information of the current blind area CPE and the state of the D2D direct connection channel are sent to the ENodeB through the accessible CPE, and D2D equipment registration is completed; if initializing the D2D link setup fails, the CPE cannot access the network.
3. The D2D dual-current wireless network access method applicable to power distribution service of claim 2, wherein in step S2, after the D2D device is successfully registered, the D2D server sends a domain probing request to the CPE, and the CPE starts domain probing after receiving the request and sends probing information to the D2D server; the server replies ACK after receiving the information to complete the field detection process; in the second case, the domain probing is initialized to access as much as possible, and all accessible CPE probing is not completed, so the D2D server will request the CPE to re-probe and feed back a complete probe list.
4. The D2D dual-stream wireless network access method applicable to power distribution service of claim 1, wherein in step S4, the D2D dual-stream access topology update is divided into three cases:
in the first case, the channel condition of the cluster head is seriously reduced, the information transmission of the cluster is influenced, and an uplink can be fed back to a D2D server according to the error rate information to perform topology updating;
in the second case, when a new CPE is added and the constraint condition of step S3 is not satisfied, topology updating is performed;
in the third case, the existing CPE is deactivated or moved, resulting in the constraint condition that there is still an optimized cluster fission space for topology upgrade.
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