CN108195322A - Multiband multi-optical-axis parallelism detection system and detection method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multiband multi-optical-axis parallelism detection system which comprises a collimator, wherein a first reflector is arranged on one side of the collimator, a light outlet is arranged on the other side of the collimator, a light inlet is formed in the bottom of the collimator, a sliding guide rail is arranged on the outer side of the light inlet, an infrared light source and a visible light source are arranged on the sliding guide rail, a rotating disc type target plate is arranged above the sliding guide rail, a transmission type frame type reticle, a transmission type cross reticle and photosensitive photographic paper are annularly arranged on the rotating disc type target plate, a second reflector is arranged on the inner side of the light inlet, and an optical axis translator is arranged on the outer side of the light outlet. The invention can improve the defects of the prior art, is not influenced by environment and weather conditions, and can realize rapid and accurate multi-spectral multi-axis detection.

Description

A multi-band multi-optical axis parallelism detection system and its detection method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of weapon observation and aiming calibration, in particular to a multi-band multi-optical axis parallelism detection system and a detection method thereof.

Background technique

With the continuous development of science and technology, the observation and aiming windows of weapon systems also show the trend of multi-axis and multi-spectrum. Taking a certain type of weapon system as an example, it includes a visible light sighting axis, an infrared thermal imaging sighting axis, a laser rangefinder laser emission axis, a TV tracking axis, etc. Whether these axes are consistent and whether it is consistent with the barrel axis of the firepower system directly affects the strike effectiveness of the entire weapon system.

Therefore, the multi-spectral and multi-axis parallelism calibration of weapon systems is an important and regular work. At present, the commonly used methods are aiming point method and checking target method. However, the aiming point method cannot realize all-weather calibration under any geographical environment; the inspection target method cannot realize fast and high-precision calibration. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a multi-spectral multi-axis calibration system, which can realize fast and accurate multi-spectral multi-axis detection under any environment and weather conditions.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-band multi-optical axis parallelism detection system and its detection method, which can solve the deficiencies of the prior art, and can realize fast and accurate multi-spectral multi- Axis detection.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows.

A multi-band multi-optical axis parallelism detection system, comprising a collimator, a first reflector is installed on one side of the collimator, a light exit hole is arranged on the other side of the collimator, and an inlet hole is arranged on the bottom of the collimator. There is a sliding guide rail on the outside of the light entrance hole, and an infrared light source and a visible light source are installed on the sliding guide rail. A turntable target plate is arranged above the sliding guide rail, and a transmission frame reticle, a transmission Type cross reticle and photosensitive photo paper, a second reflector is arranged inside the light inlet hole, and an optical axis translator is arranged outside the light outlet hole.

Preferably, the collimator is an off-axis parabolic reflective collimator, the first reflector is an off-axis parabolic reflector, and the second reflector is a plane reflector.

Preferably, the effective aperture of the collimator is 100 mm, and the effective focal length of the collimator is 300 mm.

Preferably, the inclination angle of the first reflector relative to the vertical direction is 1°-3°, the inclination angle of the second reflector relative to the horizontal direction is 45°-55°, and the level of the first reflector and the second reflector is The distance is 250mm and the diameter of the second mirror is 17mm.

As a preference, the minimum grid value of the transmissive frame reticle is 10', a frame reticle is set every 20', and the horizontal and vertical reticle ranges are -120'～+120', 10' grid The corresponding reticle spacing is 0.873mm, the diameter of the transmissive frame reticle is 21.825mm, and the reticle width is 0.06mm.

Preferably, the width of the reticle of the transmissive cross reticle is 0.06 mm, the diameter of the central hole is 0.15 mm, and the diameter of the transmissive reticle is 21.825 mm.

Preferably, the visible light source is an LED matrix lamp bead.

Preferably, the infrared light source includes a condenser, an incandescent tungsten lamp is arranged on the focus of the condenser, and a baffle is arranged behind the incandescent tungsten lamp.

Preferably, the optical axis translator includes two sets of reflectors parallel to each other, each reflector includes two reflective plates, and the distance between the two reflective plates in the same set is 200 mm.

A detection method of the above-mentioned multi-band multi-optical axis parallelism detection system, comprising the following steps:

A. Set up the system under test on the workbench in front of the optical axis translator, and use external equipment to send the infrared, visible light and other video signals of the system under test to the computer processing and display unit;

B. Turn on the visible light source, adjust the turntable target plate to introduce the transmissive frame reticle into the light path of the collimator; adjust the position of the system to be tested, and make the center of the visible light cross reticle of the system under test be located in the transmissive frame through video observation Near the center of the reticle, with the frame reticle as the reference, record the position of the visible light reticle center of the system under test in the frame reticle at this time ( ), and the scale factor between the two divisions , the minimum grid value of the visible light reticle is , then the scale grid value scale factor between it and the box-type division for: ;

C. Use the optical axis translator to introduce the optical axis of the infrared thermal image into the collimator; turn on the infrared light source, move the sliding guide rail to place the infrared light source behind the transmissive frame reticle to provide infrared illumination; use the system under test The infrared channel observes the image of the transmissive frame reticle, takes the frame reticle as the reference, and records the position of the infrared reticle center of the system under test in the frame reticle at this time ( ), from which the parallelism deviation between the optical axis of visible light and the optical axis of infrared light can be calculated:

(1);

D. Use the optical axis translator to guide the laser emission optical axis into the collimator; turn the turntable target plate, and place the photosensitive photo paper on the target surface of the collimator; Form a burning spot; use the visible light channel of the system under test to observe the spot image, and record the corresponding reading of the center of the spot on the reticle of the system under test ( ), which is converted into a box-type reticle scale value ( ), to calculate the parallelism deviation between the laser emission optical axis and the visible light optical axis in the X and Y directions,

(10).

The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the detection system designed by the present invention can be used for the parallelism of multiple bands and multiple optical axes in the wide spectral range of 0.4 μm to 14 μm for laser optical axis, visible light optical axis, and infrared optical axis Detection, the translation and parallelism of the optical axis can be measured within a large span range of 0mm-500mm, and the detection accuracy is <1′, which can fully meet the detection needs of most optoelectronic equipment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a turntable target plate in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a mid-infrared light source in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Collimator; 2. First reflector; 3. Light entrance hole; 4. Light exit hole; 5. Slide guide rail; 6. Infrared light source; 7. Visible light source; 8. Second reflector; 9 , turntable target plate; 10, optical axis translator; 11, transmissive frame reticle; 12, transmissive cross reticle; 13, photosensitive photo paper; 14, condenser mirror; 15, incandescent tungsten lamp; 16 , baffle; 17, reflecting plate.

Detailed ways

The standard parts used in the present invention can be purchased from the market, and the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the instructions and the accompanying drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt mature bolts, rivets, welding in the prior art , pasting and other conventional means, will not be described in detail here.

1-3, a specific embodiment of the present invention includes a collimator 1, a first reflector 2 is installed on one side of the collimator 1, and a light exit hole 4 is provided on the other side of the collimator 1, and the collimator 1 1 is provided with a light inlet 3 at the bottom, and a sliding guide rail 5 is arranged on the outside of the light inlet 3. An infrared light source 6 and a visible light source 7 are installed on the sliding guide rail 5. A turntable target plate 9 is arranged above the slide guide rail 5. The turntable target A transmissive frame reticle 11, a transmissive cross reticle 12 and photosensitive photo paper 13 are arranged circularly on the board, a second reflector 8 is arranged on the inner side of the light inlet hole 3, and an optical axis translation is arranged on the outer side of the light outlet hole 4. device 10.

The off-axis parabolic reflective collimator straightens the targets of different wavelength bands (visible light, infrared) on the turntable target plate into parallel light, providing infinite targets for the system under test. Converge the parallel laser incident on the laser emission channel of the system under test onto the photo paper of the disc-mounted target plate to form a laser spot.

The optical axis translator is realized by two orthorhombic mirror groups in a hinged manner, and the translation of the optical axis within a large range can be realized through the optical axis translator.

The flat mirror is used to deflect the light from the off-axis parabolic mirror, so that the light converges to the focal plane of the off-axis parabolic mirror; it is used to deflect the light from the turntable target plate, so that the light passes through the off-axis parabola After the reflector, it exits with parallel light.

The turntable target plate is located on the focal plane of the off-axis parabolic mirror, and the "frame" reticle, "small hole" reticle and photosensitive photo paper enter the optical path by rotating into the optical path, and the reticle center coincides with the focal point , where the "frame type" reticle is a transmissive reticle.

The infrared light source and the visible light source are located on the sliding guide rail. Through translation, the reticle can be provided with infrared or visible light illumination, and then provide infrared frame reticle, visible light frame reticle, infrared small hole reticle, and visible light small hole reticle. .

The off-axis parabolic reflective structure avoids the problem that the transmissive structure is difficult to design into a multi-spectral form, overcomes the shortcomings of the coaxial reflective central shading that is not conducive to system detection, has no chromatic aberration, and can perfectly provide The multi-spectral infinity target from ultraviolet to infrared has the advantages of small size, light weight and low cost, which meets the system requirements, so the off-axis parabolic reflective collimator is chosen.

The aperture size of the off-axis parabolic reflective collimator should match the optical aperture of the system under test. Considering the aperture size of most current multi-optical axis photoelectric instruments, the effective aperture of the off-axis parabolic reflective collimator is determined to be 100mm.

The effective focal length directly affects the collimation accuracy of the collimator. From a practical point of view, the collimation accuracy ≤12″ can meet the multi-optical axis parallelism detection requirements.

When the axial installation error of the collimator objective lens is , according to the optical imaging theory, the effective focal length , effective aperture , Collimation accuracy and installation error Satisfies the relationship between:

(3)

With the existing machine level, the installation error Can be controlled within 0.05mm, much smaller than the focal length , so the above formula can be simplified as:

(4)

Therefore:

(5)

For this reason, the effective focal length of the collimated light pipe is taken as 300mm.

In order to reduce the occlusion of light by the secondary mirror as much as possible, the primary mirror is placed at an inclination of 1°~3° relative to the vertical direction, and the secondary mirror is placed at an inclination of 45°~55° relative to the horizontal direction. By adjusting the placement direction of the primary and secondary mirrors, the incident light is refracted After 90°, it converges to the turntable target plate.

In order to reduce the size of the secondary mirror as much as possible, the horizontal distance between the primary and secondary mirrors is set as 250mm, thus the size of the secondary mirror can be obtained as:

(5)

Substituting the values gives: , according to the upper limit and considering the redundancy, determine the size of the secondary mirror as 17mm.

On the turntable target plate, place three targets consisting of a transmission frame reticle, a transmission cross reticle and photosensitive paper.

The transmissive frame-type reticle can provide accurate parallelism error deflection, the minimum grid value is 10', and a frame-type reticle is set every 20', and the horizontal and vertical reticle ranges are -120'~﹢120 '.

The reticle adopts a transmissive design. According to the theory of geometric optics, for the focal length =300mm collimator, the graticule spacing corresponding to the 10' grid value is:

(6)

The reticle diameter is:

(7)

In order to ensure that the reticle image is equivalent to the width of the reticle reticle of the system under test (usually 0.01mm), there must be a certain limit on the reticle reticle width.

Suppose the reticle line width is , then the opening angle of the reticle relative to the measured system is:

(9)

After the focal length is After the objective lens of the system under test, the imaging width of the reticle on the reticle of the system under test is:

(10)

Take the focal length of the objective lens of the system under test =50mm, =50mm, =0.01mm, substituting into the above formula, the width of the engraved line of the frame reticle is: =0.06mm.

The transmissive cross reticle is mainly used to provide images of the cross and the center hole, the width of the reticle is 0.06mm, the diameter of the center hole is φ=0.15mm, and the diameter of the reticle is φ=21.825mm.

When detecting the parallelism of the laser optical axis, the photosensitive paper is rotated to the focal plane of the collimator by rotating the turntable, and the laser is emitted to ablate the laser spot on the photosensitive paper, which is then used for parallelism detection.

For the observation/aiming system of different spectral bands, a visible light source and a black body light source are installed behind the turntable target plate, and a variety of targets are provided in combination with different reticles:

(1) Combination of visible light illumination source and transmissive frame reticle: provide visible light frame reticle target.

(2) Combination of visible light illumination source and transmissive cross reticle: provide visible light cross and small hole reticle targets.

(3) Combination of visible light illumination source and photosensitive photo paper: provide illumination for the ablated photosensitive photo paper, which is convenient for observing and judging the position of the laser spot.

(4) Combination of black body light source and transmission frame reticle: provide infrared frame reticle target.

(5) Combination of black body light source and transmissive cross reticle: provide infrared cross and small hole reticle targets.

According to the diameter of the reticle, both the visible light source and the black body light source need to use a surface-type backlight with an area array not less than 23mm×23mm.

Infrared illumination is provided by a blackbody light source, which is achieved using a power-controllable incandescent tungsten lamp. The incandescent tungsten lamp is located near the front focus of the condenser, and the diameter of the condenser is greater than 230mm. The light emitted by the tungsten lamp is reflected by the condenser and converted into parallel light to provide infrared illumination. A baffle is arranged behind the incandescent tungsten lamp to avoid the phenomenon that the light source is bright in the middle and dark at the edge.

Considering the detection requirements of multi-spectral optical axes, the optical axis translator is realized by two oblique mirrors, and two parallel plane mirrors are used to realize the optical axis translation. Considering the parallel test requirements between large-span multi-spectrum and multi-axis, the span of a single optical axis translator is 200mm, so that the multi-optical axis parallelism detection within the span range of 0mm~500mm can be realized.

A detection method of the above-mentioned multi-band multi-optical axis parallelism detection system, comprising the following steps:

A. Set up the system under test on the workbench in front of the optical axis translator 10, and send the infrared, visible light and other video signals of the system under test to the computer processing and display unit by using external equipment;

B. Turn on the visible light source 7, adjust the turntable target plate 9 to introduce the transmissive frame-type reticle 11 into the optical path of the collimator 1; adjust the position of the system to be tested, and make the center of the visible light cross reticle of the system under test be located at Near the center of the transmissive frame reticle 11, with the frame reticle as the reference, record the position of the visible light reticle center of the system under test in the frame reticle at this time ( ), and the scale factor between the two divisions , the minimum grid value of the visible light reticle is , then the scale grid value scale factor between it and the box-type division for: ;

C. Use the optical axis translator 10 to introduce the optical axis of the infrared thermal image into the collimator 1; turn on the infrared light source 6, move the sliding guide rail 5 to place the infrared light source 6 behind the transmissive frame reticle 11, and provide infrared Illumination; use the infrared channel of the system under test to observe the image of the transmissive frame reticle 11, take the frame reticle as the benchmark, and record the position of the infrared reticle center of the system under test at this time in the frame reticle ( ), from which the parallelism deviation between the optical axis of visible light and the optical axis of infrared light can be calculated:

(1);

D. Utilize the optical axis translator 10 to introduce the laser emission optical axis into the collimator 1; rotate the turntable target plate 9, place the photosensitive paper 13 on the target surface of the collimator 1; the system under test emits laser light, Form a burning spot on the photosensitive paper 13; use the visible light channel of the system under test to observe the spot image, and record the corresponding reading of the center of the spot on the reticle of the system under test ( ), which is converted into a box-type reticle scale value ( ), to calculate the parallelism deviation between the laser emission optical axis and the visible light optical axis in the X and Y directions,

(2).

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or It should not be construed as limiting the invention by implying that a referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of more plain shaft parallelism detecting systems of multiband, it is characterised in that：Including parallel light tube（1）, parallel light tube（1）'s Side is equipped with the first speculum（2）, parallel light tube（1）Opposite side be provided with light hole（4）, parallel light tube（1）Bottom It is provided with light well（3）, light well（3）Outside is provided with rail plate（5）, rail plate（5）On infrared light supply is installed（6） And visible light source（7）, rail plate（5）Top is provided with rotating disc type target plate（9）, rotating disc type target plate（9）Upper annular array has Penetrate formula frame-type graticle（11）, transmission-type cross-graduation plate（12）And photographic paper（13）, light well（3）Inside is provided with second Speculum（8）, light hole（4）Outside be provided with optical axis translation device（10）.

2. the more plain shaft parallelism detecting systems of multiband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The parallel light tube （1）For off-axis parabolic collimator, the first speculum（2）For off-axis parabolic mirror, the second speculum（8）For Plane mirror.

3. the more plain shaft parallelism detecting systems of multiband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The parallel light tube （1）Effective aperture for 100mm, parallel light tube（1）Effective focal length be 300mm.

4. the more plain shaft parallelism detecting systems of multiband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First speculum （2）The angle of inclination in Relative vertical direction is 1 °~3 °, the second speculum（8）The angle of inclination of relatively horizontal orientation for 45 °~ 55 °, the first speculum（2）With the second speculum（8）Horizontal distance for 250mm, the second speculum（8）A diameter of 17mm.

5. the more plain shaft parallelism detecting systems of multiband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The transmission-type frame-type Graticle（11）Minimum lattice value for 10 ', every 20 ', a frame-type graduation are set, horizontal and vertical graduation range is -120 '~ The corresponding groove size of space of 120 ', 10 ' lattice values of ﹢ be 0.873mm, transmission-type frame-type graticle（11）It is a diameter of 21.825mm line width 0.06mm.

6. the more plain shaft parallelism detecting systems of multiband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The transmission-type cross Graticle（12）Line width for 0.06mm, a diameter of 0.15mm of central small hole, transmission-type cross-graduation plate（12）Diameter For 21.825mm.

7. the more plain shaft parallelism detecting systems of multiband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The visible light source （7）For LED matrix lamp bead.

8. the more plain shaft parallelism detecting systems of multiband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The infrared light supply （6）Including condenser（14）, condenser（14）Focus on be provided with incandescent tengsten lamp（15）, incandescent tengsten lamp（15）Rear It is provided with baffle（16）.

9. the more plain shaft parallelism detecting systems of multiband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The optical axis translation device （10）The reflector being mutually parallel including two groups, each reflector include two reflecting plates（17）, with two reflecting plates of group（17） Spacing be 200mm.

10. a kind of detection method of the more plain shaft parallelism detecting systems of multiband described in claim 1-9 any one, feature It is to include the following steps：

A, system under test (SUT) is erected at optical axis translation device（10）On preceding workbench, using external equipment by tested system IR, Visible ray and other vision signals are sent to computer disposal and display unit；

B, visible light source is opened（7）, adjust turntable target plate（9）By transmission-type frame-type graticle（11）It is introduced into parallel light tube（1） In light path；Adjustment is detected system position, is observed by video, makes to be located at transmission-type by check system visible ray cross-graduation center Frame-type graticle（11）Immediate vicinity, on the basis of frame-type graduation, record at this time system under test (SUT) visible ray graduation center in frame-type Position in graduation（）And the scale lattice value proportionality coefficient between two graduation, it is seen that light graticle minimum lattice value is, then its scale lattice value proportionality coefficient between frame-type graduationFor：；

C, optical axis translation device is utilized（10）, infrared thermal imagery optical axis is imported into parallel light tube（1）In；Open infrared light supply（6）, move Dynamic rail plate（5）By infrared light supply（6）It is placed in transmission-type frame-type graticle（11）Below, infrared illumination is provided；Using tested System IR channel observes transmission-type frame-type graticle（11）Image, on the basis of frame-type graduation, system under test (SUT) is red at this time for record Position of the outer graduation center in frame-type graduation（）, thus can calculate flat between visible ray optical axis and infrared optical axis Row sexual deviation：

（1）；

D, optical axis translation device is utilized（10）, Laser emission optical axis is imported into parallel light tube（1）In；Rotate turntable target plate（9）, will Photographic paper（13）It is placed in parallel light tube（1）Target surface on；System under test (SUT) emits laser, in photographic paper（13）Upper formation is burnt Hot spot；Light spot image is observed using system under test (SUT) visible channel, record spot center is corresponding on system under test (SUT) graticle Reading（）, it is translated into frame-type graduation value（）, calculate Laser emission optical axis and visible ray light Parallel misalignment of the axis in X, Y both direction,

（2）.