CN108173004A - The adjustable anti-interference uniform line source generation system of microwave of one kind - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generation system, which includes: a microwave source, which is used to emit point microwave beams; a beam expanding hyperboloid lens whose E direction and H direction are both hyperbolas, and is used to emit point microwave beams. The beam is expanded; wherein, the E direction is the side-view projection surface, and the H direction is the top-view projection surface; the E direction of the reconstructed toroidal lens is a hyperbola, which is used to reconfigure the energy in the vertical direction of the point microwave beam after the beam expansion Distribution, the Gaussian distribution of energy is changed into a uniform line distribution, and the radius of curvature of the hyperbola of the reconstructed toroidal lens E is smaller than the radius of curvature of the hyperbola of the hyperboloid lens E of the beam expander; the E direction of the collimating toroidal lens is double The curve, bent in the H direction, is used to collimate and converge the line-distributed microwave beams diverging in the E direction, so that the width of the microwave beam in the H direction remains unchanged, and a uniform line source of microwaves is obtained. The invention can obtain a microwave uniform line source through a point microwave source.

Description

An adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generation system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of linear microwave sources, in particular to an adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generation system.

Background technique

Microwave refers to electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 300MHz to 300GHz and a wavelength of 1mm to 1000mm. The characteristics of microwave mainly include photolike, informative, penetrating and non-ionizing. Because of these characteristics, microwaves are widely used in various fields such as scientific research, military affairs, medicine, agriculture, and food, especially in the fields of radar and communication, which have a long-term accumulation and application.

For the photolike characteristic of microwave, because the wavelength of microwave is very small, when microwave is irradiated on some objects, it will produce significant reflection and refraction, just like the reflection and refraction of light. At the same time, the characteristics of microwave propagation are also similar to those of geometric optics, which can propagate in a straight line like light rays and are easy to concentrate. For example, microwave sources can often emit microwave beams through antenna horns, and the propagation of the beams in space is close to the Gaussian distribution of lasers. This characteristic Often used in radar navigation and scientific experiments.

However, the commonly used microwave sources are all point sources at present, and the cross-sectional energy distribution of the microwave beam emitted by them is a two-dimensional Gaussian distribution. For systems that require line-distributed transmission or line-distributed reception, this point-emitting microwave source cannot meet their work requirements, which brings great difficulties to relevant designers and experimenters. Furthermore, if a uniform microwave line source is required, or even a line source with good robustness that can be adjusted according to microwave frequency changes, a new technical method is needed to realize it.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that commonly used microwave sources are point sources, and for systems that require line distribution emission or line distribution reception requirements, such point emission microwave sources cannot meet their working requirements.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generation system, including: a microwave source, and a beam expander hyperboloid lens, a reconstructed toroidal lens, and a collimator arranged in sequence on one side of the microwave source toroidal lens;

The microwave source is used to emit point microwave beams; the E direction and the H direction of the beam expander hyperboloid lens near the microwave source side are both hyperbolas, and the side away from the microwave source is a plane, which is used to expand the point microwave beam. beam; wherein, E is a side-view projection surface, and H is a top-view projection surface; the E direction of the reconstruction toroidal lens near the beam expander hyperboloid lens side is a hyperbola, which is used to make the point microwave after beam expansion The energy in the vertical direction of the beam is redistributed, and the Gaussian distribution of energy is changed into a uniform line distribution, and the radius of curvature of the hyperbola of the reconstructed toroidal lens E is smaller than the radius of curvature of the hyperbola of the beam expander hyperboloid lens E; The E direction of the collimating toroidal lens near the reconstruction toroidal lens side is a hyperbola, and the H direction is curved, which is used to collimate and converge the line-distributed microwave beams diverging from the E direction, so that the H direction microwave beam Keeping the width constant, a microwave uniform line source is obtained. Optionally, the adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generation system also includes: a receiving panel; the receiving panel is located on the side of the collimating toroidal lens away from the reconstruction toroidal lens, for marking The generation position, size and energy distribution of the line source.

Optionally, the adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generation system also includes: a precision electric movement platform; the precision electric movement platform is used to change the distance between the microwave source and the beam expander hyperboloid lens, so that it can be changed according to the microwave frequency To meet the demand, keep the energy distribution of the line microwave beam received by the receiving panel basically unchanged.

Optionally, within the range of spot microwave frequencies from 75 GHz to 140 GHz, the travel distance of the precision electric mobile platform is about 100 mm, which can keep the energy distribution of the line microwave beam received by the receiving panel basically unchanged.

Optionally, the quadric surface constant of the E-direction and H-direction hyperbola of the beam expander hyperboloid lens is -2.518, the radius of curvature is 151mm, the half-height half-width of the beam expander hyperboloid lens is 57mm, and the center thickness is 20mm. The distance to reconstruct the toroidal lens is 20mm.

Optionally, the surface constant of the E-direction hyperbola of the reconstructed toroidal lens is -1.6, the radius of curvature is 25mm, the half-height half-width of the reconstructed toroidal lens is 80mm, and the center thickness is 70mm. The distance of the straight toroidal lens is 300mm.

Optionally, the quadratic constant of the collimating toroidal lens E to the hyperbola is -1.5, the curvature radius of the E direction is 220 mm, the H direction is curved, the E direction curvature radius is 200 mm, and the half height of the collimating toroidal lens is It is 230mm, the half width is 70mm, and the center thickness is 120mm.

Optionally, the receiving panel is a flat plate with a half-height of 300 mm and a half-width of 50 mm, and the distance from the collimating toroidal lens is 200 mm.

Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The energy distribution of the line source microwave beam obtained by the microwave uniform line source generation system provided by the present invention is uniform, the wave front is parallel to the receiving surface, has good collimation, and the microwave beam energy loss rate is low during the entire generation process, which is a A good uniform line microwave source generating system.

2. The microwave uniform line source generation system provided by the present invention expands the point signal emitted by the microwave source through the beam expander hyperboloid lens before entering the reconstructed toroidal lens, thereby increasing the anti-interference ability of the entire system, millimeter level The vibration misalignment and rotation misalignment within a few degrees have little influence on the system, which provides a loose room for manufacturing process accuracy and installation accuracy.

3. The microwave uniform line source generation system provided by the present invention can adapt to the needs of different microwave frequencies only by moving the precision electric mobile platform, while keeping the energy distribution of the line microwave beam received by the receiving panel basically unchanged.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave uniform line source generation system provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view structure diagram (E to figure) of the microwave uniform line source generating system provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the top view structure diagram (H direction diagram) of the microwave uniform line source generating system provided by the present invention;

In all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same elements or structures, wherein: 1 is a beam expander hyperboloid lens, 2 is a reconstruction toroidal lens, 3 is a collimating toroidal lens, 4 is The receiving panel, 5 is the precise electric mobile platform, and S is the designated transmitting position where the microwave point source horn mouth is located.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generation system. The invention has a compact structure and can be realized on a platform of about 1m. Three quadric lenses made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and a precision electric moving platform are used. The system can input point microwave beams emitted by general microwave sources, It can be expanded into a line microwave beam, where the three quadric lenses made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are a beam expanding hyperboloid lens, a reconstructing toroidal lens and a collimating toroidal lens.

Fig. 1 is the microwave homogeneous line source generation system structural representation that the present invention provides, and it comprises beam expander hyperboloid lens 1 as shown in Fig. 1, reconstructs toroidal lens 2, collimates toroidal lens 3, receiving panel 4 and Precision Electric Mobile Platform5.

Beam expander hyperboloid lens 1 front (near the microwave source, the same below) E direction (vertical plane, i.e. side view projection surface, the same below) H direction (horizontal plane, i.e. top view projection surface, the same below) are all hyperbolas, its The quadric surface constant is -2.518, the radius of curvature is 151mm, the back (away from the microwave source, the same below) is flat, the half-height half-width of the lens is 57mm, the center thickness is 20mm, and the distance from the reconstructed toroidal lens 2 is 20mm. Its main function is to expand the point signal emitted by the microwave source before entering the reconstructed toroidal lens 2. On the one hand, it increases the radius of curvature of the tip of the reconstructed toroidal lens 2 to reduce its processing difficulty. On the other hand, it increases The anti-interference ability of the whole system, that is, the robustness, enables the system to keep Good working condition and effect.

Reconstructed toroidal lens 2 only has a hyperbola in the E direction on the front, its quadric surface constant is -1.6, the radius of curvature is 25mm, the back is flat, the half-height and half-width of the lens is 80mm, the center thickness is 70mm, and the collimation distance exceeds The distance between the toric lens 3 is about 300mm. Its main function is to redistribute the energy of the microwave beam expanded by the beam expander hyperboloid lens 1 in the E direction through its "tip" with a small curvature radius upward from E, without changing the distribution in the H direction. Among them, the selection of the radius of curvature in the E direction is very important. It needs to be small enough to redistribute energy, but also needs to maintain a certain size to enhance the anti-interference ability of the system. The microwave beam after the reconstruction of the toroidal lens 2 will produce huge spherical aberration, and the E-direction energy will be distributed to the edge, so that the original Gaussian distribution becomes a uniform line distribution, and the energy of the edge of the new uniform line source The attenuation gradient is huge, so the energy utilization rate of the whole process is very high. However, the wavefront of the microwave beam after the reconstruction of the toroidal lens 2 is not a vertical plane required by general microwave sources. Therefore, the collimating toroidal lens 3 is needed to level the wavefront of the microwave beam.

The front of the collimating toroidal lens 3 is hyperbola only in the E direction, its quadratic surface constant is -1.5, and the radius of curvature is 220mm. The back is an ordinary cylinder, curved in the H direction, and the radius of curvature is 200mm. , Center thickness 120mm. The main function of its front is to converge the line-distributed microwave beams diverging in the E direction, so that the microwave beam front can be as parallel as possible to the final receiving panel 4 within a certain distance, that is, the collimation effect. The main function of the back side is to converge the microwave beams diverging in the H direction, so that in the whole system, the width of the microwave beams in the H direction remains unchanged as much as possible.

The receiving panel 4 is a plate with a half-height of 300 mm and a half-width of 50 mm. The distance from the collimating toroidal lens 3 is 200 mm. The practical significance is to mark the position, size and energy distribution of the final microwave uniform line source.

The role of the precision electric mobile platform 5 is: for a microwave uniform line source generation system, it is necessary to maintain the same output mode (the size of the line and the energy distribution are the same) under different microwave frequency requirements, but when all lens parameters are fixed, the relative distance It cannot be done under the same situation. Therefore, through the precision electric mobile platform 5, under the condition of only changing the distance between the microwave emission source and the beam expander hyperboloid lens 1, the microwave frequency received by the receiving panel can be kept according to the requirements of the microwave frequency change. The energy distribution of the line microwave beam is basically unchanged. After testing, it is in the range of 75GHz to 140GHz, and its travel distance is about 100mm, and it is basically usable.

Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are respectively the front view structure diagram and the top view structure diagram of the microwave uniform line source generation system provided by the present invention, in the optical design part, the hyperboloid lens 1, the reconstructed toroidal lens 2, and the collimating toroidal lens 3 The three lenses are arranged sequentially as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3. In order to make the lens centers on the same optical axis, please note that the horizontal direction (E direction) and the vertical direction ( H to the baseline).

After the positioning and calibration of the optical design part, the microwave point source is placed on the precision electric moving platform 5, and then the horn mouth of the microwave point source is placed at the designated emission position S (E/H direction calibration is also done).

Through optical design software simulation, the moving distance of the control part of the precision electric moving platform 5 is adjusted according to the microwave frequency emitted by the microwave point source. In the range of 75GHz-140GHz, the required moving distance of the precision electric moving platform 5 is about 100mm.

Specifically in the example, when the microwave frequency is 92.5 GHz, the distance between the bell mouth S of the microwave point source and the center of the optical axis of the hyperboloid lens 1 is 258.7 mm.

When the microwave point source is turned on, the point microwave beam can form a uniform line distribution near the receiving panel 4 through the entire optical system, that is, the generation of the line source is completed.

After the generation of a microwave uniform line source is completed, if it is necessary to change the emission frequency of the microwave source and perform another generation, the distance between the horn mouth of the microwave point source and the center of the optical axis of the hyperboloid lens 1 can be calculated through the simulation of the optical design software again, as shown in the example Among them, when the microwave frequency is 110 GHz, the distance between the bell mouth S of the microwave point source and the center of the optical axis of the hyperboloid lens 1 is 287 mm.

It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generation system is characterized in that it includes: a microwave source, and a beam expanding hyperboloid lens, a reconstructed toroidal lens, and a collimating toroidal lens arranged in sequence on one side of the microwave source surface lens; The microwave source is used to emit a spot microwave beam; The E direction and the H direction of the beam expander hyperboloid lens near the microwave source side are both hyperbolas, and the side away from the microwave source is a plane, which is used to expand the point microwave beam; wherein, the E direction is a side-view projection surface , looking down on the projection plane from H direction; The E direction of the reconstructed toroidal lens close to the beam expander hyperboloid lens side is a hyperbola, which is used to redistribute the energy in the vertical direction of the point microwave beam after beam expansion, and make the Gaussian distribution of energy uniform Line distribution, the radius of curvature of the reconstructed toroidal lens E towards the hyperbola is smaller than the radius of curvature of the beam expander hyperboloid lens E towards the hyperbola; The E direction of the collimating toroidal lens near the reconstruction toroidal lens side is a hyperbola, and the H direction is curved, which is used to collimate and converge the line-distributed microwave beams diverging from the E direction, so that the H direction microwave beam Keeping the width constant, a microwave uniform line source is obtained. 2. The adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generating system according to claim 1, further comprising: a receiving panel; The receiving panel is located on the side of the collimating toroidal lens away from the reconstructing toroidal lens, and is used to mark the generation position, size and energy distribution of the microwave uniform line source. 3. The adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generating system according to claim 2, further comprising: a precision electric moving platform; The precision electric moving platform is used to change the distance between the microwave source and the beam expander hyperboloid lens, so that the energy distribution of the line microwave beam received by the receiving panel can be kept basically unchanged according to the requirement of microwave frequency change. 4. The adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, within the range of point microwave frequency 75GHz to 140GHz, the travel distance of the precision electric mobile platform is about 100mm, which can keep the receiving panel receiving The energy distribution of the line microwave beam is basically unchanged. 5. The adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the quadric surface constant of the beam expander hyperboloid lens E and H hyperbola is -2.518, and the radius of curvature is 151mm. The half-height and half-width of the beam expander hyperboloid lenses are all 57 mm, the center thickness is 20 mm, and the distance from the reconstruction toroidal lens is 20 mm. 6. The adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the surface constant of the hyperbola of the reconstruction toroidal lens E is -1.6, and the radius of curvature is 25mm. The half-height and half-width of the toroidal lenses are all 80mm, the center thickness is 70mm, and the distance from the collimating toroidal lens is 300mm. 7. The adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generating system according to claim 1, wherein the quadratic surface constant of the hyperbola of the collimating toroidal lens E is-1.5, and the radius of curvature of the E is 220mm, H-direction curvature, E-direction curvature radius 200mm, half-height of collimating toroidal lens is 230mm, half-width is 70mm, center thickness is 120mm. 8. the adjustable anti-interference microwave uniform line source generating system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the receiving panel is a half-height 300mm, a flat plate of half-width 50mm, and the distance from the collimating toroidal lens is 200mm.