CN108161008A - A kind of laser and the molding device of microwave Compound Machining - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser and microwave compound processing and molding device, which comprises a laser generating system, a microwave generating system, a vacuum system, a powder spreading system and a general controller. The laser generating system includes a laser, the laser is connected with a laser vibrating mirror, and the laser vibrating mirror is fixed directly above the vacuum chamber; the microwave generating system is connected with the vacuum chamber; the vacuum system includes a cylinder Shaped vacuum chamber, mechanical pump, diffusion pump, air release valve, PLC and pressure sensor; the powder spreading system includes a powder storage chamber, a powder recovery chamber, a workpiece lifting platform and a powder spreading scraper, and there is a powder lifting platform in the powder storage chamber , the powder lifting platform is connected with the workpiece lifting platform and the electric push rod moves up and down, the powder spreading scraper scrapes powder by moving left and right, and the vacuum chamber is connected with the vacuum system through the choke net. The invention can realize microwave and laser synchronous manufacturing, preheat powder through microwave, and improve the quality and efficiency of laser melting additive manufacturing.

Description

A device for composite processing and molding of laser and microwave

technical field

The invention relates to a laser and microwave composite additive manufacturing system

Background technique

The laser melting additive manufacturing technology is to completely melt the metal powder under the heat of the laser beam, and after cooling, it is welded with the metal solid to form a three-dimensional entity by stacking materials layer by layer. During the manufacturing process, due to the rapid cooling and rapid heating of the workpiece, it is easy to cause many problems such as excessive internal residual thermal stress. Therefore, traditional laser melting additive manufacturing requires further heat treatment.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies, the present invention provides a laser and microwave compound processing and forming device, which keeps the matrix and powder at a certain temperature during the laser forming process, effectively relieves the processing state of rapid cooling and rapid heating, and improves the quality of the workpiece manufactured. performance.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a laser and microwave compound processing and forming device, including a laser generating system, a microwave generating system, a vacuum system, a powder spreading system and a general controller;

The vacuum system includes a cylindrical vacuum chamber, a mechanical pump, a diffusion pump, a vent valve, a PLC, an infrared sensor, and a pressure sensor; the mechanical pump and the diffusion pump are connected to the vacuum chamber through a vacuum tube; one end of the vent valve communicates with a vacuum cavity, and the other end extends out of the vacuum cavity; one end of the infrared sensor and the pressure sensor communicates with the vacuum cavity, and the other end is connected to the general controller through PLC;

The laser generating system includes a laser, the laser is connected to a laser vibrating mirror, the laser vibrating mirror is fixed directly above the vacuum cavity, and a laser lens is also arranged below the laser vibrating mirror;

The microwave generating system is connected to the vacuum cavity through the waveguide cavity, and the end of the waveguide cavity connected to the vacuum cavity is provided with a microwave lens;

The powder spreading system includes a powder storage chamber, a powder recovery chamber, a workpiece lifting platform and a powder spreading scraper. There is a powder lifting platform in the powder storage cavity. direction reciprocating movement, the powder spreading scraper is arranged outside the opening of the powder storage chamber, and reciprocates along the left and right direction to scrape the powder;

A heat preservation chamber is suspended in the vacuum chamber, and a certain height is left between the heat preservation chamber and the highest position of the powder lifting platform to form a space for making way, so that the powder spreading scraper passes through the space for making way; The end of the cavity is an open end, and the workpiece lifting platform is lifted into the heat preservation cavity through the opening;

The vacuum chamber is connected to the vacuum tube through the wave-stopping net, and the wave-stopping net prevents microwaves from entering the vacuum tube; the vacuum cavity is connected to the laser generation system through the laser lens, and the vacuum chamber is connected to the microwave generation system through the microwave lens. connected; the general controller is connected with the vacuum system, the laser generating system, the microwave generating system and the vacuum chamber system.

In a preferred embodiment: the laser is connected to the laser vibrating mirror through an optical path, and the laser light is transmitted to the working table in the vacuum cavity through the laser lens.

In a preferred embodiment: the length of the powder spreading scraper is greater than the length of the powder storage cavity.

In a preferred embodiment: the length of the powder spreading scraper is greater than the length of the workpiece lifting platform.

In a preferred embodiment: the mechanical pump works in series with the diffusion pump.

In a preferred embodiment: the range of microwaves in the horizontal direction in the vacuum chamber can be adjusted by the microwave generating system, which is used as an auxiliary heat source to preheat workpieces with different heights.

In a preferred embodiment: the powder spreading system controls the powder spreading height through the start-stop height difference of the electric push rod.

In a preferred embodiment: the powder spreading system controls the powder supply amount through the start-stop height difference of the electric push rod.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The invention combines the microwave technology with the laser melting and additive manufacturing technology, and keeps the matrix and the powder at a certain temperature during the laser forming process, effectively relieves the processing state of rapid cooling and rapid heating, and improves the performance of the manufactured workpiece.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a compound processing and forming device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to Fig. 1, a laser and microwave compound processing and forming device includes a laser generating system, a microwave generating system 2, a vacuum system, a powder spreading system and a general controller 5;

Described vacuum system 3 comprises cylindrical vacuum chamber 31, mechanical pump 32, diffusion pump 33, vent valve 34, PLC35 and infrared sensor 36, pressure sensor 37; The vacuum chamber 31 is connected; the vacuum chamber 31 is vacuumed by a mechanical pump 32 and a diffusion pump 33 . One end of the vent valve 34 communicates with the vacuum chamber 31, and the other end extends out of the vacuum chamber 31; one end of the infrared sensor 36 and the pressure sensor 37 communicates with the vacuum chamber 31, and the other end is connected to the master controller 5 through PLC35;

The laser generating system includes a laser 11, the laser 11 is connected with a laser vibrating mirror 12, the laser vibrating mirror 12 is fixed directly above the vacuum cavity 31, and a laser vibrating mirror 12 is also arranged below the laser vibrating mirror 12. lens 13;

The microwave generating system 2 is connected to the vacuum cavity 31 through the waveguide cavity 21, and the end of the waveguide cavity 21 communicating with the vacuum cavity 31 is provided with a microwave lens 22; The range is adjustable, and it can be used as an auxiliary heat source to preheat workpieces of different heights.

The powder spreading system includes a powder storage chamber 41, a powder recovery chamber 42, a workpiece lifting platform 43 and a powder spreading scraper 44. There is a powder lifting platform 45 in the powder storage cavity 41, and the powder lifting platform 45 and the workpiece lifting platform 43 After connecting the electric push rod, it reciprocates along the up and down direction, and the powder spreading scraper 44 is arranged outside the opening of the powder storage chamber 41, and reciprocates along the left and right direction to scrape powder; the length of the powder spreading scraper 44 is longer than that of the powder storage chamber 41 length. The length of the powder spreading scraper 44 is greater than the length of the workpiece lifting platform 43 . The powder spreading system controls the powder spreading height through the start-stop height difference of the electric push rod. The powder spreading system controls the powder supply amount through the start-stop height difference of the electric push rod.

A heat preservation chamber 39 is suspended inside the vacuum chamber 31, and a certain height is left between the heat preservation chamber 39 and the highest position of the powder lifting platform 45 to form a space for making way, so that the powder spreading scraper 44 passes through the space for making way. space; the end of the heat preservation chamber 39 is an open end, and the workpiece lifting platform 43 is lifted into the heat preservation chamber through the opening;

The vacuum chamber 31 is connected with the vacuum tube 38 through the wave-stopping net 30, and the wave-stopping net 30 prevents microwaves from entering the vacuum tube 38; the vacuum chamber 31 is connected with the laser generating system 1 through the laser lens 13, and the vacuum The cavity 31 is connected with the microwave generating system 2 through the microwave lens 22; the general controller 5 is connected with the vacuum system 3, the laser generating system 1, the microwave generating system 2 and the vacuum cavity 31 system.

The laser 11 is connected with the laser vibrating mirror 12 through an optical path, and the laser light is transmitted to the working table in the vacuum cavity 31 through the laser lens 13 .

The above-mentioned laser and microwave composite additive manufacturing system has the following working steps:

1) Import the three-dimensional model of the part into the general controller 5, and the general controller 5 layers the three-dimensional model of the part, plans the scanning path and sets the initial process parameters.

2) placing a certain amount of laser-melted metal powder into the powder storage chamber 41;

3) Close the door of the vacuum chamber 31, first use the mechanical pump 32 to evacuate, when the vacuum degree is lower than 0.1Pa, the diffusion pump 33 starts to work, and when the vacuum degree is lower than 1× ^10-3 Pa, the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber 31 meets Work requirements;

4) According to actual requirements, other gases can also be filled in the vacuum chamber 31;

5) The powder spreading system in the vacuum chamber 31 is controlled by the master controller 5, and the powder spreading scraper 44 scrapes and spreads the powder raised by the powder lifting platform 45 to the left, so that the powder is evenly spread on the surface of the workpiece lifting platform 43. The powder enters the powder recovery cavity 42;

6) Under the action of the electric push rod, the workpiece lifting platform 43 rises to the microwave action area along the heat preservation cavity 39, and the workpiece lifting platform 43 is preheated by using microwaves;

7) After the temperature on the 43 surfaces of the workpiece lifting platform reaches the requirement, the real-time information is collected by the infrared temperature sensor and finally transmitted to the master controller 5;

8) Control the laser generating system 1 to scan according to the path planning information through the general controller 5;

9) After the scanning is finished, the laser and microwaves stop emitting, and the workpiece lifting platform 43 descends to the powder spreading area. The height difference between the workpiece lifting platform 43 and the powder spreading platform is the set value of the powder layer height;

10) Repeat step (5) until the printing is completely finished;

11) The vacuum system 3 stops working, the air pressure in the chamber is restored to the ambient air pressure through the air release valve 34, and the chamber door is opened to take out the workpiece;

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, so the technical scope of the present invention cannot be limited accordingly, so all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the technical essence of the present invention and the content of the description should belong to the technical solution of the present invention within range.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of laser and the molding device of microwave Compound Machining, including laser generating system, microwave generation system, vacuum system System, powdering system and master controller；

The vacuum system includes cylindrical vacuum chamber, mechanical pump, diffusion pump, gas bleeder valve, PLC and infrared sensor, pressure passes Sensor；The mechanical pump, diffusion pump are connect by vacuum-pumping tube with vacuum chamber；One end connection vacuum chamber of the gas bleeder valve, separately One end is extended to outside vacuum chamber；One end connection vacuum chamber of the infrared sensor, pressure sensor, the other end are connected by PLC It is connected to master controller；

The laser generating system includes laser, and the laser is connected with laser galvanometer, and the laser galvanometer is fixed on The surface of the vacuum chamber also sets up a laser lens below the laser galvanometer；

The microwave generation system is connected by waveguide cavity with vacuum chamber, and that one end of waveguide cavity connection vacuum chamber It is provided with microwave lens；

The powdering system includes powder storing chamber, Powder Recovery chamber, workpiece lifting platform and powdering scraper, has powder in the powder storing chamber Lifting platform, the powder lifting platform move back and forth after connecting electric pushrod with workpiece lifting platform along upper and lower directions, the powdering Scraper is arranged on outside the opening of powder storing chamber, and scrapes powder along left and right directions reciprocating motion；

Suspension is equipped with an incubation cavity in the vacuum chamber, and there are certain between the incubation cavity and the extreme higher position of powder lifting platform Height formation allow bit space so that the powdering scraper passes through the bit space that allows；The end of the incubation cavity is openend, The workpiece lifting platform is risen up by the opening in incubation cavity；

The vacuum chamber is connected by wave arrestment net with vacuum-pumping tube, and the wave arrestment net blocking microwave enters vacuum-pumping tube；It is described Vacuum chamber is connected by laser lens with laser generating system, and the vacuum chamber passes through microwave lens and microwave generation system phase Connection；The master controller is connected with vacuum system, laser generating system, microwave generation system and vacuum chamber system.

2. a kind of laser and the molding device of microwave Compound Machining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The laser It is connect with laser galvanometer by light path, laser is transmitted to the work top in vacuum chamber by laser lens.

3. a kind of laser and the molding device of microwave Compound Machining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The powdering is scraped Knife length is more than powder storing chamber length.

4. a kind of laser and the molding device of microwave Compound Machining according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The powdering is scraped Knife length is more than workpiece lifting platform length.

5. a kind of laser and the molding device of microwave Compound Machining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mechanical pump With diffusion pump tandem working.

6. a kind of laser and the molding device of microwave Compound Machining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The microwave hair The range of raw system horizontal direction microwave in vacuum chamber is adjustable, and different height workpiece is preheated as auxiliary thermal source.

7. a kind of laser and the molding device of microwave Compound Machining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The powdering system System controls powdering height by electric pushrod start and stop difference in height.

8. a kind of laser and the molding device of microwave Compound Machining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The powdering system System controls powder supply amount by the start and stop difference in height of electric pushrod.