CN108167399A - A kind of multi-speed transmission and lifting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of multi-speed transmission and lifting equipment, wherein multi-speed transmission includes：Babinet；Transmission mechanism in the babinet, has the first spindle nose, the second spindle nose and the third spindle nose that are located at the same side outside babinet stretched out out of described babinet；First clutch is installed on first spindle nose, second clutch is installed on second spindle nose, third clutch is installed on the third spindle nose, realizes different speed than output and the function of neutral gear by the opening and closing of the first clutch, the second clutch and the third clutch.The multi-speed transmission of the present invention using the above structure can realize three speed outputs in the case of parallel shaft transmission arrangement form and have neutral gear function.

Description

A kind of multi-speed transmission and lifting equipment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of transmissions, in particular to a multi-speed transmission and lifting equipment.

Background technique

The transmission plays the role of matching speed and transmitting torque between the prime mover and the working machine or the actuator. The transmission is a relatively precise machine. The purpose of using it is to reduce the speed and increase the torque. It is widely used in modern machinery. In some mechanisms, the transmission needs to operate continuously for 7*24 hours, and it needs to change gears frequently during operation, and it must have a neutral function, so the working conditions are extremely harsh. For example, the positioning windlass reducer on the pipe-laying ship will often continue to work for several months once the pipe-laying starts. Based on the above reasons, it is necessary to redesign a new structure transmission with reasonable structure, simple installation, convenient maintenance and high reliability.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-speed transmission, including: a case; a transmission mechanism, which is located in the case and has a first A shaft head, a second shaft head, and a third shaft head; the first clutch is installed on the first shaft head, the second clutch is installed on the second shaft head, and the third shaft head is installed on the third shaft head. Clutches, through the opening and closing of the first clutch, the second clutch and the third clutch, different speed ratio outputs and neutral functions are realized.

Optionally, the transmission mechanism includes: a first shaft, a second shaft, a third shaft, a first pinion, a second pinion, a third pinion, a fourth pinion, a first gear, a second gear, Third gear, fourth gear, fifth gear, sixth gear, seventh gear, eighth gear, ninth gear, tenth gear, eleventh gear, twelfth gear, thirteenth gear and fourteenth gear gear;

Wherein, along the width direction of the box, the fourth gear shaft is located between the first shaft and the second shaft, and the third gear shaft is located between the first shaft and the first gear between the shafts, the second pinion is located between the second shaft and the first pinion;

Along the height direction of the box, the third shaft is spaced apart from the fourth pinion shaft and the first pinion shaft;

Along the depth direction of the box body, the fourth pinion is arranged opposite to the first pinion;

the third pinion has the first pinion, the third shaft has the second pinion, and the second pinion has the third pinion;

The fourth gear and the third gear are installed axially on the first shaft sequentially, the twelfth gear and the first gear are installed axially on the third pinion shaft sequentially, and the The eleventh gear and the seventh gear are axially installed on the fourth pinion in sequence, the sixth gear and the thirteenth gear are axially installed on the first pinion in sequence, and the third The eighth gear and the fifth gear are installed axially on the shaft sequentially, the fourteenth gear and the second gear are installed axially on the second pinion shaft sequentially, and the second shaft The tenth gear and the ninth gear are axially installed sequentially, and the axial direction is consistent with the depth direction;

The first gear is rotatably connected to the third gear shaft through a bearing, the second gear is rotatably connected to the second gear shaft through a bearing, and the fifth gear is rotatably connected to the third gear shaft through a bearing. The shafts are rotatably connected, and the rest of the gears are fixedly connected to the corresponding shafts or pinions;

The eleventh gear meshes with the fourth gear and the tenth gear respectively, the seventh gear meshes with the eighth gear, the fifth gear meshes with the sixth gear, and the seventh gear meshes with the eighth gear. The third gear meshes with the twelfth gear, the thirteenth gear meshes with the first gear and the second gear respectively, and the fourteenth gear meshes with the ninth gear.

Optionally, the inner ring of the first clutch is connected to the third pinion, the outer ring of the first clutch is connected to the first gear, and the inner ring and the outer ring of the first clutch fit together Afterwards, the third gear pinion and the first gear can rotate synchronously; the inner ring of the second clutch is connected with the third shaft, and the outer ring of the second clutch is connected with the fifth gear, After the inner ring and the outer ring of the second clutch are fitted together, the third shaft and the fifth gear can rotate synchronously;

The inner ring of the third clutch is connected to the second pinion, the outer ring of the third clutch is connected to the second gear, and after the inner ring and the outer ring of the third clutch are fitted together, the The second gear shaft and the second gear can rotate synchronously.

Optionally, when the transmission is working under a heavy load condition, the second clutch is closed, the first clutch and the third clutch are released, the first gear shaft is used as an input, and the first shaft and the third clutch are released. The second shaft is used as an output, and the first gear shaft passes through the sixth gear, the fifth gear, the second clutch, the third shaft, the eighth gear, the seventh The transmission of the gear, the fourth pinion shaft, and the eleventh gear is finally output through the first shaft and the second shaft respectively.

Optionally, when the transmission is in the first light-load working condition, the first clutch is closed, the second clutch and the third clutch are released, the first gear shaft is used as an input, and the first shaft and the second shaft as output, the first pinion passes through the thirteenth gear, the first gear, the first clutch, the third pinion, the twelfth gear , the transmission of the third gear, the first shaft, the fourth gear, the eleventh gear, and the tenth gear, and finally output through the first shaft and the second shaft.

Optionally, when the transmission is in the second light-load working condition, the third clutch is closed, the first clutch and the second clutch are released, the first gear shaft is used as an input, and the first shaft and the second shaft as output, the first pinion passes through the thirteenth gear, the second gear, the third clutch, the second pinion, the fourteenth gear , the transmission of the ninth gear, the second shaft, the tenth gear, the eleventh gear, and the fourth gear, and finally output through the first shaft and the second shaft.

Optionally, when the transmission is in the no-load condition, the first clutch, the second clutch and the third clutch are disengaged, the first shaft and the second shaft are used as inputs, and the The first pinion, the first gear, the second gear, the fifth gear, the sixth gear and the thirteenth gear remain stationary, and the remaining gears, shafts and pinions rotate idly.

Optionally, the first clutch, the second clutch and the third clutch are hydraulic clutches.

The present invention also provides a lifting device, including the multi-speed transmission described in any one of the above.

The present invention also provides a hoisting device, including the multi-speed transmission described in any one of the above, a reel is provided on the first shaft and/or the second shaft, and the reel passes through the wire rope and the sling connect.

As above, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the multi-speed transmission of the present invention includes a casing, and a transmission mechanism is arranged in the casing. A shaft head, a second shaft head and a third shaft head. The first clutch is installed on the first shaft head, the second clutch is installed on the second shaft head, and the third clutch is installed on the third shaft head. Through the opening and closing of the first clutch, the second clutch and the third clutch Closed to achieve different speed ratio output and neutral functions. When one of the clutches is closed and the other two clutches are released, a certain speed ratio output is realized, and when all three clutches are released, the neutral function is realized. And by selecting a certain clutch to close, a certain speed ratio output is realized, and three clutches are designed, so that the transmission of the present invention has a three-speed transmission output.

The multi-speed transmission adopting the above-mentioned structure can realize three-speed output and neutral gear function under the arrangement form of the parallel shaft transmission. The gear shifting function realized by using the clutch has stable and reliable performance, and can adapt to the working conditions of continuous work and frequent gear shifting. Moreover, the three clutches that realize the speed change function are located outside the transmission, and it is easy to replace when the clutch friction plates are worn. At the same time, the three clutches are located on the same side outside the casing, and the whole transmission has a simple and compact structure and is easy to assemble.

In order to make the above content of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of a multi-speed transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the second structural schematic diagram of the multi-speed transmission according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present invention will be illustrated by specific specific examples below, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention will be presented in conjunction with a preferred embodiment, it does not mean that the features of the invention are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the invention in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. The following description contains numerous specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may also be practiced without these details. Also, some specific details will be omitted from the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the gist of the present invention.

With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of multi-speed transmission 10, comprises: casing 11, is provided with transmission mechanism in casing 11, and transmission mechanism has the first that protrudes from casing 11 and is positioned at the same side outside casing 11. A shaft head, a second shaft head and a third shaft head. A first clutch 51 is installed on the first shaft head, a second clutch 52 is installed on the second shaft head, and a third clutch 53 is installed on the third shaft head. Through the first clutch 51, the second clutch 52 and the The opening and closing of the third clutch 53 realizes the functions of different speed ratio output and neutral gear. When one of the clutches is closed and the other two clutches are released, a certain speed ratio output is realized, and when all three clutches are released, the neutral function is realized. And by selecting a certain clutch to close, a certain speed ratio output is realized, and three clutches are designed, so that the multi-speed transmission 10 of the present invention has a three-speed transmission output.

The multi-speed transmission 10 adopting the above structure can realize three-speed output and neutral function in the case of parallel shaft transmission arrangement. The gear shifting function realized by using the clutch has stable and reliable performance, and can adapt to the working conditions of continuous work and frequent gear shifting. And the three clutches that realize the shifting function are located outside the speed changer 10, and it is easy to replace when the clutch friction plates are worn. At the same time, the three clutches are located on the same side outside the casing 11, and the entire transmission 10 has a simple and compact structure and is easy to assemble.

Specifically, with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the transmission mechanism of the present invention comprises: the first shaft 21, the second shaft 22, the third shaft 23 (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 ), the first gear shaft 31, Second pinion 32, the 3rd pinion 33, the 4th pinion 34, and first gear 41, second gear 42, the 3rd gear 43, the 4th gear 44, the 5th gear 45 (dashed line shows in Fig. 1 ), the sixth gear 46, the seventh gear 47, the eighth gear 48 (shown in dotted line in Fig. 1), the ninth gear 49, the tenth gear 410, the eleventh gear 411, the twelfth gear 412, the thirteenth gear The gear 413 and the fourteenth gear 414 .

Wherein, along the width direction of the box body 11 (shown in the X direction in FIG. 1 ), the fourth pinion shaft 34 is located between the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22, and the third pinion shaft 33 is located between the first shaft 21 and the first shaft 21. Between the gear shafts 31 , the second gear shaft 32 is located between the second shaft 22 and the first gear shaft 31 . Along the height direction of the box body 11 (shown in the Z direction in FIG. 2 ), the third shaft 23 is spaced apart from the fourth pinion shaft 34 and the first pinion shaft 31 respectively; in this embodiment, the fourth pinion shaft 34 and the first pinion shaft The gear pinion 31 is located above the third shaft 23, and in other embodiments, the fourth pinion and the first pinion are located below the third shaft.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , along the depth direction of the box body 11 (shown in the Y direction in FIG. 1 ), the fourth pinion shaft 34 is opposite to the first pinion shaft 31 . Wherein, the fourth pinion shaft 34 and the first pinion shaft 31 may be located in the same depth direction, that is, the projections of the fourth pinion shaft 34 and the first pinion shaft 31 in the depth direction are completely coincident. Alternatively, projections of the fourth pinion shaft 34 and the first pinion shaft 31 in the depth direction overlap.

In this embodiment, the third gear shaft 33 has a first shaft head, the third shaft 23 has a second shaft head, and the second gear shaft 32 has a third shaft head. That is, the first clutch 51 is mounted on the third gear shaft 33 , the second clutch 52 is mounted on the third shaft 23 , and the third clutch 53 is mounted on the second gear shaft 32 .

On the first shaft 21, a fourth gear 44 and a third gear 43 are axially installed in sequence; The eleventh gear 411 and the seventh gear 47 are axially installed, the sixth gear 46 and the thirteenth gear 413 are axially installed on the first gear shaft 31 sequentially, and the eighth gear is axially installed on the third shaft 23 in sequence 48. The fifth gear 45, the fourteenth gear 414 and the second gear 42 are installed in the axial direction on the second pinion shaft 32 in turn, the tenth gear 410 and the ninth gear 49 are installed in the axial direction on the second shaft 22, the shaft consistent with the depth direction. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the "sequentially" in "sequentially axially installed" on each shaft or gear shaft refers to the sequence in the same direction, which can be understood as the direction from the rear wall to the front wall of the box body 11 ( As shown in the direction of A in Figure 1), they are installed axially in sequence.

In addition, in this embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the first gear 41 is rotatably connected to the third gear shaft 33 through a bearing, the second gear 42 is rotatably connected to the second gear shaft 32 through a bearing, and the fifth The gear 45 is rotatably connected with the third shaft 23 through a bearing, and the rest of the gears are fixedly connected with the corresponding shafts or pinions, that is, the rest of the gears rotate synchronously with the corresponding shafts or pinions, for example, the third gear 43 and the fourth gear 44 is fixedly connected with the first shaft 21 , and the third gear 43 and the fourth gear 44 rotate synchronously with the first shaft 21 .

In addition, the eleventh gear 411 meshes with the fourth gear 44 and the tenth gear 410 respectively, so that the fourth gear shaft 34 is respectively connected to the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 in transmission. The seventh gear 47 meshes with the eighth gear 48 to realize the transmission connection between the third shaft 23 and the fourth pinion shaft 34 . The fifth gear 45 meshes with the sixth gear 46 to realize the transmission connection between the third shaft 23 and the first pinion shaft 31 . The third gear 43 meshes with the twelfth gear 412 to realize the transmission connection between the third gear shaft 33 and the first shaft 21 . The thirteenth gear 413 meshes with the first gear 41 and the second gear 42 respectively to realize the transmission connection between the first pinion 31 and the second pinion 32 and the third pinion 33 respectively. The fourteenth gear 414 meshes with the ninth gear 49 to realize the transmission connection between the second shaft 22 and the second pinion shaft 32 .

It should be noted that the specific shape of the shaft or gear shaft in the present invention is not limited. In this embodiment, both the first axis 21 and the second axis 22 are long axes, and extend out of the box body 11; the fourth pinion shaft 34 is a short axis, and extend out of the box body 11; the first pinion shaft 31, the second Both the pinion shaft 32 and the third pinion shaft 33 are short shafts, and extend out of the box body 11 ; the third shaft 23 is a short shaft, located in the box body 11 .

In addition, it should be noted that the specific type of the clutch of the present invention is not limited. In this embodiment, the first clutch 51 , the second clutch 52 and the third clutch 53 are hydraulic clutches, which are driven to close or release the clutches under hydraulic pressure. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the inner ring (not shown) of the first clutch 51 is connected with the third pinion 33, and the outer ring (not shown) of the first clutch 51 is connected with the first The gear 41 is connected, and after the inner ring and the outer ring of the first clutch 51 fit together (that is, the first clutch 51 is closed), the third pinion 33 and the first gear 41 can rotate synchronously to complete power transmission; the inner ring of the first clutch 51 After the ring and the outer ring are separated (that is, the first clutch 51 is disengaged), the power transmission is cut off, and the third pinion shaft 33 and the first gear 41 will not rotate synchronously.

The inner ring (not shown) of the second clutch 52 is connected with the third shaft 23, the outer ring (not shown) of the second clutch 52 is connected with the fifth gear 45, the inner ring and the outer ring of the second clutch 52 After fitting (that is, the second clutch 52 is closed), the third shaft 23 and the fifth gear 45 can rotate synchronously to complete the power transmission; after the inner ring and the outer ring of the second clutch 52 are separated (that is, the second clutch 52 is loosened) , cut off the power transmission, the third shaft 23 and the fifth gear 45 will not rotate synchronously.

The inner ring (not shown) of the third clutch 53 is connected with the second gear shaft 32, the outer ring (not shown) of the third clutch 53 is connected with the second gear 42, the inner ring and the outer ring of the third clutch 53 After the rings are attached (that is, the third clutch 53 is closed), the second gear shaft 32 and the second gear 42 can rotate synchronously to complete the power transmission; after the inner ring and the outer ring of the third clutch 53 are separated (that is, the third clutch 53 is loose off), cut off the power transmission, the second pinion 32 and the second gear 42 will not rotate synchronously.

Therefore, under this structure, the multi-speed transmission 10 has the following working conditions: heavy load working condition, first light load working condition, second light load working condition and neutral working condition.

When the multi-speed transmission 10 is working under a heavy load condition, the second clutch 52 is closed, the first clutch 51 and the third clutch 53 are released, and the first pinion 31 is used as an input, and the first pinion 31 can be driven by a power source for input , such as a motor (not shown); the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 are output. The transmission of the first pinion 31 through the sixth gear 46, the fifth gear 45, the second clutch 52, the third shaft 23, the eighth gear 48, the seventh gear 47, the fourth pinion 34, and the eleventh gear 411 in sequence , and finally output through the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 respectively.

When the multi-speed transmission 10 is in the first light-load working condition, the first clutch 51 is closed, the second clutch 52 and the third clutch 53 are disengaged, the first gear shaft 31 is used as an input, and the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 as output. The first pinion 31 sequentially passes through the thirteenth gear 413, the first gear 41, the first clutch 51, the third pinion 33, the twelfth gear 412, the third gear 43, the first shaft 21, the fourth gear 44, The transmission of the eleventh gear 411 and the tenth gear 410 is finally output through the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 .

When the multi-speed transmission 10 is in the second light-load working condition, the third clutch 53 is closed, the first clutch 51 and the second clutch 52 are disengaged, the first gear shaft 31 is used as an input, and the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 As an output, the first pinion 31 sequentially passes through the thirteenth gear 413, the second gear 42, the third clutch 53, the second pinion 32, the fourteenth gear 414, the ninth gear 49, the second shaft 22, the tenth The transmission of the gear 410 , the eleventh gear 411 , and the fourth gear 44 is finally output through the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 .

When the multi-speed transmission 10 is in the no-load condition, the first clutch 51, the second clutch 52 and the third clutch 53 are disengaged, the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 are used as input, the first gear shaft 31, the first The gear 41 , the second gear 42 , the fifth gear 45 , the sixth gear 46 and the thirteenth gear 413 remain stationary, and the rest of the gears, shafts and gear shafts are idling. In the no-load condition, the multi-speed transmission 10 can be overhauled.

Among them, the "heavy load" is a larger load on the multi-speed transmission 10 than the "light load". Under light-load conditions and heavy-load conditions, the multi-speed transmission 10 has different output directions under the same input directions. At the same time, the output directions of the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 are the same. In addition, the different output steering of light load and load is achieved by pairing gears with different stages for light load and heavy load. Under heavy load conditions, the output speeds of the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 are low, and under light load conditions, the output speeds of the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 are high.

To sum up, the present invention provides a new type of multi-speed transmission structure. The multi-speed transmission 10 adopting the above-mentioned structure can realize three-speed output and have a neutral function in the case of a parallel shaft transmission arrangement, and can adapt to more working conditions , for easy control. The gear shifting function realized by using the clutch has stable and reliable performance, and can adapt to the working conditions of continuous work and frequent gear shifting. And the three clutches that realize the shifting function are located outside the multi-speed transmission 10, and it is easy to replace when the clutch friction plates are worn. At the same time, the three clutches are located on the same side outside the casing 11, and the entire multi-speed transmission 10 has a simple and compact structure and is easy to assemble.

The present invention also provides a lifting device, including the multi-speed transmission 10 described in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments. The specific type of lifting equipment is not limited, for example, in the present embodiment, the lifting equipment is a crane, and drums (not shown) are arranged on the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 of the multi-speed transmission 10, The reel is connected with the spreader by a wire rope. In other embodiments, a reel may be provided on the first shaft 21 or the second shaft 22, and the reel is connected to the hanger through a wire rope. The output of the first shaft 21 can control the rotation of the reel on the first shaft 21 to control the lifting and lowering of the spreader, and the output of the second shaft 22 can control the rotation of the reel on the second shaft 22 to control the spreader The lifting and lowering of the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 have the same output direction, which can make the drums respectively arranged on the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 rotate smoothly, so as to facilitate the stable lifting of the spreader and down.

Simultaneously, under the heavy-duty condition of the multi-speed transmission 10, the output speeds of the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 are low, and under the light-load conditions, the output speeds of the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 are high, which is beneficial to Stable lifting and lowering of the spreader.

In addition, the multi-speed transmission 10 has different output rotations under the same input rotation under the light load condition and the heavy load condition. For example, under heavy load conditions, the multi-speed transmission 10 has a positive output steering to raise the spreader; under light load conditions, the multi-speed transmission 10 has a reverse output steering to lower the spreader. . Therefore, using the multi-speed transmission 10 of the present invention can adapt to different working conditions of the crane.

To sum up, the above-mentioned embodiments provided by the present invention are only illustrative to illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-speed transmission, characterized in that, comprising: box; The transmission mechanism is arranged in the box body, and has a first shaft head, a second shaft head and a third shaft head protruding from the box body and located on the same side of the box body; The first clutch is installed on the first shaft head, the second clutch is installed on the second shaft head, and the third clutch is installed on the third shaft head. Through the first clutch, the second The opening and closing of the clutch and the third clutch realize the functions of different speed ratio output and neutral gear. 2. The multi-speed transmission according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises: a first shaft, a second shaft, a third shaft, a first pinion, a second pinion, a third pinion, Fourth pinion, first gear, second gear, third gear, fourth gear, fifth gear, sixth gear, seventh gear, eighth gear, ninth gear, tenth gear, eleventh gear, The twelfth gear, the thirteenth gear and the fourteenth gear; Wherein, along the width direction of the box, the fourth gear shaft is located between the first shaft and the second shaft, and the third gear shaft is located between the first shaft and the first gear between the shafts, the second pinion is located between the second shaft and the first pinion; Along the height direction of the box, the third shaft is spaced apart from the fourth pinion shaft and the first pinion shaft; Along the depth direction of the box body, the fourth pinion is arranged opposite to the first pinion; the third pinion has the first pinion, the third shaft has the second pinion, and the second pinion has the third pinion; The fourth gear and the third gear are installed axially on the first shaft sequentially, the twelfth gear and the first gear are installed axially on the third pinion shaft sequentially, and the The eleventh gear and the seventh gear are axially installed on the fourth pinion in sequence, the sixth gear and the thirteenth gear are axially installed on the first pinion in sequence, and the third The eighth gear and the fifth gear are installed axially on the shaft sequentially, the fourteenth gear and the second gear are installed axially on the second pinion shaft sequentially, and the second shaft The tenth gear and the ninth gear are axially installed sequentially, and the axial direction is consistent with the depth direction; The first gear is rotatably connected to the third gear shaft through a bearing, the second gear is rotatably connected to the second gear shaft through a bearing, and the fifth gear is rotatably connected to the third gear shaft through a bearing. The shafts are rotatably connected, and the rest of the gears are fixedly connected to the corresponding shafts or pinions; The eleventh gear meshes with the fourth gear and the tenth gear respectively, the seventh gear meshes with the eighth gear, the fifth gear meshes with the sixth gear, and the seventh gear meshes with the eighth gear. The third gear meshes with the twelfth gear, the thirteenth gear meshes with the first gear and the second gear respectively, and the fourteenth gear meshes with the ninth gear. 3. The multi-speed transmission according to claim 2, wherein the inner ring of the first clutch is connected to the third pinion, the outer ring of the first clutch is connected to the first gear, After the inner ring and the outer ring of the first clutch are fitted together, the third pinion and the first gear can rotate synchronously; The inner ring of the second clutch is connected to the third shaft, and the outer ring of the second clutch is connected to the fifth gear. After the inner ring and outer ring of the second clutch are bonded, the first The three shafts and the fifth gear can rotate synchronously; The inner ring of the third clutch is connected to the second pinion, the outer ring of the third clutch is connected to the second gear, and after the inner ring and the outer ring of the third clutch are fitted together, the The second gear shaft and the second gear can rotate synchronously. 4. The multi-speed transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that, when the transmission is in a heavy-duty working condition, the second clutch is closed, the first clutch and the third clutch are disengaged, and the The first gear shaft is used as an input, and the first shaft and the second shaft are used as outputs. The first gear shaft passes through the sixth gear, the fifth gear, the second clutch, and the second gear in sequence. The transmissions of the three shafts, the eighth gear, the seventh gear, the fourth pinion, and the eleventh gear are finally output through the first shaft and the second shaft respectively. 5. The multi-speed transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that, when the transmission is in the first light-load working condition, the first clutch is closed, the second clutch and the third clutch are disengaged, The first gear shaft is used as an input, and the first shaft and the second shaft are used as outputs. The first gear shaft sequentially passes through the thirteenth gear, the first gear, the first clutch, The transmission of the third pinion, the twelfth gear, the third gear, the first shaft, the fourth gear, the eleventh gear, and the tenth gear finally passes through the The first shaft and the second shaft output. 6. The multi-speed transmission according to claim 3, wherein when the transmission is in the second light-load working condition, the third clutch is closed, the first clutch and the second clutch are disengaged, The first gear shaft is used as an input, and the first shaft and the second shaft are used as outputs. The first gear shaft passes through the thirteenth gear, the second gear, the third clutch, The transmission of the second gear shaft, the fourteenth gear, the ninth gear, the second shaft, the tenth gear, the eleventh gear, and the fourth gear is finally passed through the The first shaft and the second shaft output. 7. The multi-speed transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that, when the transmission is in the no-load condition, the first clutch, the second clutch and the third clutch are disengaged, and the first clutch is disengaged. the first shaft and the second shaft as input, the first pinion, the first gear, the second gear, the fifth gear, the sixth gear and the thirteenth gear remain stationary , the remaining gears, shafts and gear shafts are idling. 8. The multi-speed transmission of claim 1, wherein the first clutch, the second clutch and the third clutch are hydraulic clutches. 9. A lifting device, characterized in that it comprises the multi-speed transmission according to any one of claims 1-8. 10. A lifting device, characterized in that it comprises the multi-speed transmission according to any one of claims 2-8, the first shaft and/or the second shaft is provided with a reel, and the reel The barrel is connected to the spreader by a wire rope.