CN108107396B - Current transformer error detection device for compensating leakage current - Google Patents
Current transformer error detection device for compensating leakage current Download PDFInfo
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- CN108107396B CN108107396B CN201710648631.8A CN201710648631A CN108107396B CN 108107396 B CN108107396 B CN 108107396B CN 201710648631 A CN201710648631 A CN 201710648631A CN 108107396 B CN108107396 B CN 108107396B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of auxiliary devices, e.g. of instrument transformers according to prescribed transformation ratio, phase angle, or wattage rating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
- Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a current transformer error detection device for compensating leakage current, which comprises: primary winding, iron core I, iron core II, secondary winding, compensation winding, detecting element, control unit, power amplifier unit, characterized by: the output end of the booster is connected with the primary winding; the output end of the current booster is connected with a primary winding, a two-stage current transformer is formed by the primary winding, a secondary winding, a compensation winding, an iron core I and an iron core II, the primary winding and the secondary winding are wound on the iron core I and the iron core II, and the compensation winding is wound on the iron core II; the secondary winding is connected with the detection unit after passing through the impedance Z, the detection unit is connected with the control unit, the control unit is connected with the power amplification unit, and the power amplification unit is connected with the compensation winding. The invention realizes the compensation of leakage current in the error detection process of the current transformer under the simulated operation condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a current transformer error detection device for compensating leakage current, and belongs to the technical field of transformer detection.
Background
At present, the error verification of a current transformer is basically carried out in a low-voltage state, the current transformer works in a high-voltage state, the structure of the current transformer determines that a certain parasitic capacitance and leakage reactance exist between a primary winding and a secondary winding, the applied high voltage generates leakage current between a standard current transformer and a secondary side of the current transformer to be detected, and for the current transformer for working, the leakage current increases the error of the transformer to cause inaccurate electric energy metering; for the standard current transformer, the error of the standard electric energy metering device in a high-voltage state is increased, and the detection result is affected, so that the detection result can not truly reflect the actual error of the tested product.
The error test of the current transformer under the simulated operation working condition shows that the tested object has out-of-tolerance conditions at 1% of test points and 5% of test points, which indicates that the influence of leakage current on the current transformer under the condition of small current is not negligible. Therefore, research on a leakage current compensation method of the current transformer has practical significance for changing the situation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that leakage current affects detection errors of a current transformer under the condition of small current, and provides a current transformer error detection device for compensating the leakage current.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A current transformer error detection apparatus that compensates for leakage current, comprising: the output end of the booster is connected with the primary winding; the output end of the current booster is connected with a primary winding, a two-stage current transformer is formed by the primary winding, a secondary winding, a compensation winding, an iron core I and an iron core II, the primary winding and the secondary winding are wound on the iron core I and the iron core II, and the compensation winding is wound on the iron core II; the secondary winding is connected with the detection unit after passing through the impedance Z, the detection unit is connected with the control unit, the control unit is connected with the power amplification unit, and the power amplification unit is connected with the compensation winding.
Further, the control unit comprises a singlechip, a D/A converter, a differential subtracting circuit and a proportional integrating circuit, wherein the singlechip is connected with the D/A converter, the D/A converter is connected with the differential subtracting circuit, and the differential subtracting circuit is connected with the proportional integrating circuit.
Still further, the control unit includes: the single chip microcomputer, the D/A converter, the resistor R 1, the resistor R 2, the resistor R 3, the resistor R 4, the resistor R 5, the resistor R 6, the resistor R 7, the capacitor C 1, the amplifier A 1 and the amplifier A 2; one end of the resistor R 1 is connected with the output of the D/A converter, and the other end of the resistor R 1 is connected with the inverting end of the amplifier A 1; two ends of the resistor R 4 are respectively connected with the inverting end and the output end of the amplifier A 1; the non-inverting terminal of the amplifier A 1 is grounded through a resistor R 3, and the detection current I C is connected with the non-inverting terminal of the amplifier A 1 through a resistor R 2; the output end of the amplifier A 1 is connected with the inverting end of the amplifier A 2 through a resistor R 5; the reverse phase end of the amplifier A 2 is grounded; the resistor R 6 and the capacitor C 1 are connected in series, and two ends of the resistor R 6 and the capacitor C 1 are respectively connected with the inverting end and the output end of the amplifier A 2; the output end of the amplifier A 2 is connected with the power amplification unit through a resistor R 7.
The invention also provides a current transformer leakage current compensation method, and a current transformer error detection device based on the compensation leakage current, which has the following basic principle: the booster outputs rated voltage of the current transformer, and the high voltage applied at the moment causes leakage current to be generated between the secondary side and the secondary side of the current transformer; the single-chip microcomputer outputs an initial command value of leakage current(Set to zero) and converted to an analog signal via a D/a converter; the detection unit detects that the current I C reflects the actual leakage current value of the secondary winding and is used as an input signal of the control unit; control Unit pair/>And comparing the current with I C, and controlling the power amplification unit to adjust the compensation current through the output voltage U C of the control unit according to the comparison result, so that the compensation current value is equal to the detected leakage current, and the leakage current compensation is realized. The singlechip register stores the output voltage U C of the control unit, and when detecting the error of the tested current transformer, the singlechip register directly outputs the stored U C to the power amplifier unit after passing through the D/A converter to perform leakage current compensation.
The invention adopts a closed-loop negative feedback Proportional Integral (PI) control method to realize the control of no static difference on leakage current. The control unit includes a subtracting circuit and a proportional-integral circuit. Resistor R 1, resistor R 2, resistor R 3, resistor R 4 and amplifier A 1 form a differential subtracting circuit, and amplifier A 1 outputs V 1 and a current command valueThe following relationship is provided with the actual value I C:
When the resistance satisfies R 1＝R2＝R3＝R4, the above formula can be simplified as:
The resistor R 5, the resistor R 6, the capacitor C 1 and the amplifier A 2 form a proportional integration circuit, and the proportional integration circuit is formed by overlapping a proportional link and an integration link; the output voltage V 1 of the subtracting circuit is amplified in a proportion link, the amplification factor is k p, and the k p value can be selected according to the optimal setting of the system; the integrating link integrates the output voltage V 1 of the subtracting circuit; if the value of voltage V 1 is not approximately zero, capacitor C 1 is continuously charged and output voltage V 1 is integrated until output voltage V 2 of op-amp A 2 reaches a limit, thereby achieving a dead-head-free control of current. The operational amplifier a 2 output V 2 is related to the input voltage V 1 as follows:
The invention also provides a current transformer error detection method, on the basis of the current transformer error detection device for compensating leakage current, the primary winding of the tested current transformer is connected in series with the primary winding of the two-stage current transformer, the secondary winding of the primary winding of the tested current transformer is connected in series with the secondary winding of the two-stage current transformer, and the output end of the booster is connected with the primary winding; the output end of the current booster is connected with the primary winding of the tested current transformer, the error measurement unit is connected with the secondary winding of the tested current transformer and the secondary winding of the two-stage current transformer, the detection unit in the compensation device does not work when the error of the current transformer is detected, and the control unit directly outputs the stored control voltage value U C to the power amplification unit after passing through the D/A converter to carry out leakage current compensation; the current booster is regulated to flow up to the detection point according to the regulation, and the error measurement unit is used for completing the error measurement of the tested current transformer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the invention provides the error detection device for the current transformer for compensating the leakage current, and the compensation of the leakage current of the current transformer under the condition of simulating the operation working condition is realized. The control method adopts a current closed-loop control strategy, compares a current instruction with the actual secondary current of the current transformer, and controls the power amplification unit to enable the compensation current to track the instruction current after passing through the PI regulator, thereby achieving the static-difference-free control of leakage current compensation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart for implementing automatic compensation in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the error detection principle of the current transformer of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the current transformer error detection of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device principle of the present invention, a current transformer error detection device for compensating leakage current, comprising: primary winding 301, iron core i 302, iron core ii 303, secondary winding 304, compensation winding 305, detection unit 306, control unit 307, and power amplifier unit 308. The booster 10 provides rated working voltage of the current transformer, so that the current transformer works under the working condition of high voltage and large current, and the output end of the current transformer is connected with the primary winding 301; the output of the current booster 20 is connected to the primary winding 301. The two-stage current transformer is composed of a primary winding 301, a secondary winding 304, a compensation winding 305, an iron core I302 and an iron core II 303, wherein the primary winding 301 and the secondary winding 304 are wound on the iron core I302 and the iron core II 303, and the compensation winding 305 is wound on the iron core II 303; the secondary winding 304 is connected to a detection unit 306 via an impedance Z. The detection unit 306 is connected with the control unit 307, the control unit 307 is connected with the power amplification unit 308, and the power amplification unit 308 is connected with the compensation winding 305.
The detection unit 306 extracts the leakage current I C based on a similar inductance method, and the output quantity I C is used as an input of the control unit 307 to provide a leakage current feedback value; the control unit 307 realizes leakage current closed-loop control, and the output voltage U C is input as the power amplification unit 308 to control the injection compensation winding 305 to compensate the current.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control unit principle of the present invention, including: the single chip microcomputer, the D/A converter, the resistor R 1, the resistor R 2, the resistor R 3, the resistor R 4, the resistor R 5, the resistor R 6, the resistor R 7, the capacitor C 1, the amplifier A 1 and the amplifier A 2. The singlechip is provided with a register, and is connected with the D/A converter, and the D/A converter is connected with the differential subtracting circuit which is connected with the proportional integrating circuit. One end of the resistor R 1 is connected with the output of the D/A converter, and the other end of the resistor R 1 is connected with the inverting end of the amplifier A 1; two ends of the resistor R 4 are respectively connected with the inverting end and the output end of the amplifier A 1; the non-inverting terminal of the amplifier A 1 is grounded through a resistor R 3, and the detection current I C is connected with the non-inverting terminal of the amplifier A 1 through a resistor R 2; the output end of the amplifier A 1 is connected with the inverting end of the amplifier A 2 through a resistor R 5; the reverse phase end of the amplifier A 2 is grounded; the resistor R 6 and the capacitor C 1 are connected in series, and two ends of the resistor R 6 and the capacitor C 1 are respectively connected with the inverting end and the output end of the amplifier A 2; the output of the amplifier a 2 is connected to the power amplifier unit 308 via a resistor R 7.
Resistor R 1, resistor R 2, resistor R 3, resistor R 4 and amplifier A 1 form a differential subtracting circuit to realize a current command valueSubtracting the actual value I C from the actual value I; the resistor R 5, the resistor R 6, the capacitor C 1 and the amplifier A 2 form a proportional-integral circuit, so that no-static-difference control on leakage current compensation is realized.
When the device works, the booster 10 outputs rated voltage of the current transformer, and the high voltage applied at the moment causes leakage current to be generated between the secondary side and the secondary side of the current transformer; by initial command value of leakage current(Set to zero) output and converted to an analog signal by a D/a converter as one input signal of the control unit 307; the detection unit 306 detects the current I C reflecting the actual leakage current value of the secondary winding 304 as an input signal to the control unit 307; control unit 307 pair/>And comparing the current with I C, and controlling the power amplification unit 308 to adjust the compensation current through the output voltage U C of the control unit according to the comparison result, so that the compensation current value is equal to the detected leakage current, and the leakage current compensation is realized. After the output voltage U C of the control unit is stable, the singlechip register stores the value of U C.
Fig. 3 is a control structure diagram of the present invention, in which the detection unit 306, the control unit 307, the power amplification unit 308, and the compensation winding 305 form a leakage current compensation closed loop control, so as to implement no-difference compensation of leakage current. The open loop transfer function and the closed loop transfer function of the control system can be obtained according to the control structure diagram, the control parameters of the control unit 307 are designed according to the stability judging condition of the control system, and the k p、ki value in the proportional integral control of the control unit is optimally designed by utilizing the baud diagram and the pole-zero distribution diagram of the closed loop control system from indexes such as robustness, dynamic response and the like, so that the leakage current compensation system is stable and optimal control is achieved. The proportional-integral control provided by the invention is used as a common control strategy, and other control methods can be used.
And a closed-loop negative feedback Proportional Integral (PI) control method is adopted to realize the control of no static difference on leakage current. The control unit includes a subtracting circuit and a proportional-integral circuit. Resistor R 1, resistor R 2, resistor R 3, resistor R 4 and amplifier A 1 form a differential subtracting circuit, and amplifier A 1 outputs V 1 and a current command valueThe following relationship is provided with the actual value I C:
When the resistance satisfies R 1＝R2＝R3＝R4, the above formula can be simplified as:
The resistor R 5, the resistor R 6, the capacitor C 1 and the amplifier A 2 form a proportional integration circuit, and the proportional integration circuit is formed by overlapping a proportional link and an integration link; the output voltage V 1 of the subtracting circuit is amplified in a proportion link, the amplification factor is k p, and the k p value can be selected according to the optimal setting of the system; the integrating link integrates the output voltage V 1 of the subtracting circuit; if the value of voltage V 1 is not approximately zero, capacitor C 1 is continuously charged and output voltage V 1 is integrated until output voltage V 2 of op-amp A 2 reaches a limit, thereby achieving a dead-head-free control of current. The operational amplifier a 2 output V 2 is related to the input voltage V 1 as follows:
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the invention for implementing automatic compensation, and the specific steps implemented by the invention are as follows:
step 1: starting a power supply and starting compensation;
step 2: starting the booster 10, and slowly raising the voltage to the rated voltage of the current transformer;
step 3: SCM controlled output current command value And converted into an analog signal by a D/A converter;
step 4: comparing the current command value And an actual current value I C;
Step 5: current command value When the current actual value I C is not equal to the current actual value I C, the step 6 is entered; current command value/>When the current is equal to the current actual value I C, the step 8 is entered;
step 6: the control voltage U C of the power amplification unit is regulated through proportional integral control;
step 7: returning to the step 4 until the compensated current value is zero;
Step 8: the singlechip register stores the U C value;
step 9: the compensation is ended.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the error detection principle of the current transformer of the present invention, including: booster 10, up-converter 20, compensation device 30, current transformer 40, error measurement unit 50. The primary winding of the tested current transformer 40 is connected with the primary winding of the two-stage current transformer in series, the secondary winding of the primary winding of the tested current transformer 40 is connected with the secondary winding of the two-stage current transformer in series, and the output end of the booster 10 is connected with the primary winding 301; the output end of the current booster 20 is connected with the primary winding of the current transformer 40, the error measurement unit 50 is connected with the secondary winding of the current transformer 40 to be tested and the secondary winding of the two-stage current transformer, when the current transformer error is detected, the detection unit 306 in the compensation device does not work, and the control unit 307 directly outputs the stored control voltage value U C to the power amplification unit 308 after passing through the D/A converter to carry out leakage current compensation; the current booster 20 boosts to the detection point according to the regulation rule, and the error measurement unit 50 completes the error measurement of the tested current transformer 40.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the error detection of the current transformer of the present invention, which is implemented by the following steps:
Step 1: starting a power supply and starting a test;
step 2: starting the booster 10, and slowly raising the voltage to the rated voltage of the current transformer;
Step 3: the control unit 307 outputs the stored U C and converts it into an analog signal via a D/a converter;
step 4: the power amplification unit 308 compensates the leakage current;
Step 5: the up-flow device 20 up-flows to the detection point according to the procedure;
Step 6: the error measurement unit 50 tests the error of the current transformer 40 under test;
Step 7: after all detection points are detected, the step 8 is carried out; step 5, entering a step of detecting the detection point;
step 8: and (5) ending the test.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a current transformer error detection device for compensating leakage current, which realizes the automatic compensation of the leakage current in the error detection process of a current transformer under the simulated operation condition. The control method adopts a current closed-loop control strategy, compares a current instruction with the actual secondary current of the current transformer, and controls the power amplification unit through the PI regulator to enable the compensation current to track the instruction current, thereby achieving the static-difference-free control of leakage current compensation.
The non-illustrated portions referred to in the present invention are the same as or implemented using the prior art.
Claims (6)
1. A current transformer error detection apparatus that compensates for leakage current, comprising: primary winding, iron core I, iron core II, secondary winding, compensation winding, detecting element, control unit, power amplifier unit, characterized by: the output end of the booster is connected with the primary winding; the output end of the current booster is connected with a primary winding, a two-stage current transformer is formed by the primary winding, a secondary winding, a compensation winding, an iron core I and an iron core II, the primary winding and the secondary winding are respectively wound on the iron core I and the iron core II, and the compensation winding is wound on the iron core II; the secondary winding is connected with the detection unit after passing through the impedance Z, the detection unit is connected with the control unit, the control unit is connected with the power amplification unit, and the power amplification unit is connected with the compensation winding;
The control unit comprises a singlechip, a D/A converter, a differential subtracting circuit and a proportional integrating circuit, wherein the singlechip is provided with a register and is connected with the D/A converter, the D/A converter is connected with the differential subtracting circuit, and the differential subtracting circuit is connected with the proportional integrating circuit;
The control unit includes: the single chip microcomputer, the D/A converter, the resistor R 1, the resistor R 2, the resistor R 3, the resistor R 4, the resistor R 5, the resistor R 6, the resistor R 7, the capacitor C 1, the amplifier A 1 and the amplifier A 2; one end of the resistor R 1 is connected with the output of the D/A converter, and the other end of the resistor R 1 is connected with the inverting end of the amplifier A 1; two ends of the resistor R 4 are respectively connected with the inverting end and the output end of the amplifier A 1; the non-inverting terminal of the amplifier A 1 is grounded through a resistor R 3, and the detection current I C is connected with the non-inverting terminal of the amplifier A 1 through a resistor R 2; the output end of the amplifier A 1 is connected with the inverting end of the amplifier A 2 through a resistor R 5; the in-phase terminal of the amplifier A 2 is grounded; the resistor R 6 and the capacitor C 1 are connected in series, and two ends of the resistor R 6 and the capacitor C 1 are respectively connected with the inverting end and the output end of the amplifier A 2; the output end of the amplifier A 2 is connected with the power amplification unit through a resistor R 7.
2. A leakage current compensation method of a current transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the current transformer error detection device for compensating leakage current according to claim 1, wherein the booster outputs a rated voltage of the current transformer, and the applied high voltage causes leakage current to be generated between the secondary side and the primary side of the current transformer; the single-chip microcomputer outputs an initial command value of leakage currentAnd converted into an analog signal by a D/A converter; the detection unit detects that the current I C reflects the actual leakage current value of the secondary winding and is used as an input signal of the control unit; control Unit pair/>And comparing the current with I C, controlling the power amplification unit to adjust the compensation current through the output voltage U C of the control unit according to the comparison result, enabling the compensation current value to be equal to the detected leakage current, realizing the leakage current compensation, storing the output voltage U C of the control unit by the singlechip register, and directly outputting the storage U C to the power amplification unit through the D/A converter to carry out the leakage current compensation when detecting the error of the tested current transformer by the singlechip register.
3. The current transformer leakage current compensation method according to claim 2, wherein: adopting a proportional-integral control strategy of closed-loop negative feedback to realize automatic compensation of leakage current; differential subtracting circuit for realizing current command valueSubtracting the actual value I C from the actual value I; the proportional-integral circuit realizes no static difference control on leakage current compensation.
4. The current transformer leakage current compensation method according to claim 2, wherein: the leakage current compensation of the current transformer comprises the following steps:
step 1: starting a power supply and starting compensation;
step 2: starting a booster, and slowly raising the voltage to the rated voltage of the current transformer;
step 3: SCM controlled output current command value And converted into an analog signal by a D/A converter;
step 4: comparing the current command value And an actual current value I C;
Step 5: current command value When the current actual value I C is not equal to the current actual value I C, the step 6 is entered; current command value/>When the current is equal to the current actual value I C, the step 8 is entered;
step 6: the control voltage U C of the power amplification unit is regulated through proportional integral control;
step 7: returning to the step 4 until the compensated current value is zero;
Step 8: the singlechip register stores the U C value;
step 9: the compensation is ended.
5. A current transformer error detection method is characterized in that: on the basis of the current transformer error detection device for compensating leakage current as claimed in claim 1, a primary winding of the tested current transformer is connected in series with a primary winding of the two-stage current transformer, a secondary winding of the primary winding of the tested current transformer is connected in series with a secondary winding of the two-stage current transformer, and an output end of the booster is connected with the primary winding of the two-stage current transformer; the two ends of the current booster are respectively connected with the primary winding of the two-stage current transformer and the primary winding of the tested current transformer, the error measurement unit is connected with the secondary winding of the tested current transformer and the secondary winding of the two-stage current transformer, when the error of the current transformer is detected, the detection unit in the detection device does not work, and the control unit directly outputs the stored control voltage value U C to the power amplification unit after passing through the D/A converter to carry out leakage current compensation; the current booster is regulated to flow up to the detection point according to the regulation, and the error measurement unit is used for completing the error measurement of the tested current transformer.
6. The method for detecting the error of the current transformer according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
Step 1: starting a power supply and starting a test;
step 2: starting a booster, and slowly raising the voltage to the rated voltage of the current transformer;
Step 3: the control unit outputs the stored U C and converts the U C into an analog signal through a D/A converter;
Step 4: the power amplification unit compensates leakage current;
step 5: the current rising device rises to a detection point according to the procedure;
step 6: the error measuring unit tests the error of the tested current transformer;
Step 7: after all detection points are detected, the step 8 is carried out; step 5, entering a step of detecting the detection point;
step 8: and (5) ending the test.
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| CN109212293B (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2021-04-02 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A power supply type voltage transformer with voltage measurement function and using method |
| CN111025212B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2022-10-04 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Precise reverse-phase proportional booster circuit |
| CN115360667B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2025-07-29 | 芯海科技（深圳）股份有限公司 | Leakage protection circuit, integrated circuit, electronic device and method |
| CN112858986B (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2024-06-25 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A primary winding leakage current compensation circuit and calibration equipment for current transformer |
| CN116338556B (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-09-15 | 上海置信电气有限公司 | An error tracing device and method for a wide range standard current transformer |
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