CN108069703A - One kind cuts dirty type water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
One kind cuts dirty type water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108069703A CN108069703A CN201610991816.4A CN201610991816A CN108069703A CN 108069703 A CN108069703 A CN 108069703A CN 201610991816 A CN201610991816 A CN 201610991816A CN 108069703 A CN108069703 A CN 108069703A
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- water
- permeable brick
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- type water
- dirty type
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 9
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000598 endocrine disruptor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000049 endocrine disruptor Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 plumbum ion Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QFAXIZQBSCGJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Hg] QFAXIZQBSCGJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 238000011041 water permeability test Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002124 endocrine Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2] RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000014150 Interferons Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010050904 Interferons Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910001051 Magnalium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010921 garden waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079322 interferon Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of bricks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/447—Phosphates or phosphites, e.g. orthophosphate or hypophosphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/658—Atmosphere during thermal treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to cut dirty type water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof, which presses mass parts 85 ~ 125 by aggregate, binding agent and additive：2.5~10：0.5 ~ 1.5 composition；The aggregate presses 70 ~ 85 by flyash, biomass and zeolite powder or sepiolite powder：5~10：10 ~ 20 compositions；Binding agent presses 0.5 ~ 3 by aluminum phosphate, magnesia-alumina hydrotalcite, bentonite and cement：0.5~3：1~3：0.5 ~ 1 composition, the additive are magnesium lignosulfonate or silica flour.First the material after crushing is uniformly mixed, water purification is added in, is aged after stirring evenly, natural wind dry doubling heat drying after extrusion forming, is then shaped in Muffle kiln roasting.The water-permeable brick good water permeability of preparation, intensity are big, it is good to cut dirty effect, can effectively remove heavy metal and organic pollution in rainwater, can be applied to the rainwater-collecting on various ground, have good economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind to cut dirty type water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof, refers specifically to one kind for removing dissolubility in rainwater
The preparation method that the water-permeable brick material prescription and extrusion forming medium temperature of heavy metal and organic pollution are fired, belongs to green building material
Expect technical field.
Background technology
At present, urban surface is laid with the waterproof hard surface such as cement, pitch on a large scale, is bringing the same of traffic convenience
When, block rain infiltration soil and recharging groundwater；The surface gathered water that rainfall runoff is formed not only affects people's trip, and
And storm runoff amount is added, aggravate municipal drainage load；A large amount of pollutants enter under rain drop erosion with runoff on road surface
Water environment forms chief city's pollution of area source.Alleviate under rainwash, charging point, change although current permeable brick paving has
The advantages that kind urban surface ecological environment of soil, but not only containing dissolvings such as heavy metal, total phosphorus in current city initial rainwater
Property ion, but also containing the organic pollutions such as incretion interferent (EDCs), trace drug, and current water-permeable brick main material is big
It is mostly sintered with sand or soil, concrete or ceramics for main material or bonding forms, do not possess retention dissolubility pollutant
Function, therefore the risk of contaminated soil and underground water can be increased while recharging groundwater, increase in rainwater catchment system
The difficulty and input of processing.
In recent years, the main exploratory development of people collects and removes the technology and method of pollutant in initial rainwater, including first
The flow abandoning apparatus research and development of phase rainwater, then carry out the purification of initial rainwater using biochemical or materialization technology.And the collection profit of rainwater
With being only limitted to later stage more clean rainwater, and most of it be not collected for light rain and using and enter in the rainwater in environment
Contained pollutant does not carry out the control of pollutant, therefore the pollution of urban rivers and lakes water environment, soil and groundwater is generated
Potential risks.
To the minimizing technology precipitation method, embrane method and the absorption method of heavy metal in water, there is suction to the minimizing technology of organic pollution
Biological treatment is echoed, there is biology, absorption and chemical precipitation method to the removal of nitrogen phosphorus, but since rainwater distribution has scattered, amount
The characteristics of big, thus it is difficult using reuse after concentration all processing or recharging groundwater, and new environment-friendly building materials are developed,
Pollutant therein is retained while storm water conservation underground water is percolated, need to only increase absorption on the basis of traditional water-permeable brick and cut
The function of pollutant is stayed to can be realized, therefore with larger operability and application value.
The patent application of 103088742 A and CN102400428 A of application publication number CN disclose it is a kind of using silica sand as
Water-permeable brick of main material and preparation method thereof；Application publication number is that the patent application of CN1966861 A discloses one kind with quartz sand
For aggregate, resin is the preparation method of the composite water permeable brick of binding agent；Application publication number is the patent application of CN103739244 A
Disclose a kind of water-permeable brick using soil, carbide slag and cement as base.At present, there are no on the report for cutting dirty type water-permeable brick,
Possess using flyash, biomass and zeolite powder or sepiolite for water-permeable brick prepared by main material and remove the pollutant in rainwater
Function.
The content of the invention
Problem existing in the prior art in view of the above, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind to cut dirty type water-permeable brick
And preparation method thereof, the product prepared using this method, which can be realized, removes dissolving contact scar contained therein while rain penetration
Object.
Described cuts dirty type water-permeable brick, is to utilize trade waste flyash, biomass and natural zeolite powder or sepiolite
Powder is made as aggregate, aluminum phosphate, magnesia-alumina hydrotalcite, bentonite and cement as binding agent, magnesium lignosulfonate or silica flour
It for additive, crushed by aggregate, prepare shaping and medium temperature heat treatment process is made, so as to fulfill diafiltration rainwater while inhales
Attached pollutant therein, purifies water.
It is achieved through the following technical solutions：
One kind cuts dirty type water-permeable brick, and mass parts 85 ~ 125 are pressed by aggregate, binding agent and additive：2.5~10：0.5 ~ 1.5 composition；
The aggregate presses mass parts 70 ~ 85 by flyash, biomass and zeolite powder or sepiolite powder：5~10：10 ~ 20 compositions；It is described viscous
It ties agent and mass parts 0.5 ~ 3 is pressed by aluminum phosphate, magnesia-alumina hydrotalcite, bentonite and cement：0.5~3：1~3：0.5 ~ 1 composition；It is described
Additive is the one or two of magnesium lignosulfonate or silica flour, mass parts 0.5-1.5.
Biomass in water-permeable brick of the present invention can generate biological carbon during being passed through nitrogen heating and preparing, have
There are three effect, first, as pore former, the small and uniform aperture of hole is formed；Second is that adsorbent, biomass is in anaerobic item
The biological carbon being prepared under part has very big specific surface area and adsorption capacity, can as the adsorbent of rain water pollutant,
Especially there is very big adsorption capacity to organic pollution；Third, as fluxing agent, be conducive to aggregate preparation and be integrated.
The addition of binding agent aluminum phosphate in water-permeable brick of the present invention, magnesia-alumina hydrotalcite, bentonite and cement so that preparation
Water-permeable brick has higher intensity, is inorganic binder, avoids hot preparation and generates noxious material in the process；And magnesia-alumina
Hydrotalcite and aluminum phosphate not only have absorbing heavy metal ions in water（Such as lead, mercury）With phosphatic ability, additionally it is possible to a huge sum of money
Belong to ion and ion exchange occurs, so as to largely improve the absorption property of water-permeable brick.
Additive magnesium lignosulfonate or silica flour can play the role of coupling agent in water-permeable brick of the present invention, improve permeable
The compression strength value and water permeability of brick.
The present invention also aims to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned section of dirty type water-permeable brick.
The preparation method of the granule filter material of heavy metal in a kind of above-mentioned Adsorption water crushes including aggregate, prepares shaping
And medium temperature heat treatment process.
The process that the aggregate crushes is：Flyash, zeolite powder or sepiolite powder are crushed to respectively with ball mill pulverizer
Grain size is 200 ~ 300 mesh, and biomass (stalk, garden waste, chitosan, peanut shell, rice husk, bacteria stick) is crushed to grain size
Below 3mm.
The process of aggregate pretreatment is：Flyash, zeolite powder or sepiolite powder are washed respectively with water purification first
30min, afterwards in the cool natural air drying 20d or under -30 DEG C, vacuum degree 18Pa be freeze-dried 36 ~ 48h, in water-washing process
In, the ingredients such as the organic matter and iron of partial solubility, calcium are eluted out, reduce the formation of water-permeable brick secondary pollution, and make
Its surface and the internal a large amount of holes of formation, specific surface area increase improve physical absorption ability.
It is described to prepare molding process and be：By flyash, biomass, natural zeolite powder or sepiolite powder, aluminum phosphate, magnalium
Houghite, bentonite, cement, magnesium lignosulfonate or silica flour are uniformly mixed, and addition accounts for the net of mixture total weight 5 ~ 10%
Water, the ageing 12 ~ for 24 hours under the conditions of 2 ~ 6 DEG C, is once press-formed, surface smoothes out, and 20-30h takes off with machine die after stirring evenly
Mould, 4 ~ 8h of natural air drying.
The process of the heat treatment is：Dry 8 ~ 12h at 80 ~ 120 DEG C, then under conditions of nitrogen is passed through in 400 ~
600 DEG C of Muffle 2 ~ 4h of kiln roasting, cools to room temperature with the furnace, must cut dirty type water-permeable brick finished product.
Prepared by the present invention cuts dirty type water-permeable brick, mean compressive strength >=35.0MPa in use, and monolithic resists
Compressive Strength >=30.0MPa, coefficient of permeability >=1.0 × 10-2Cm/s, water retention coefficient >=0.6g/cm2, meet JC/T945-2005《Thoroughly
Water brick》Standard requirement.
The regenerative process is：Water-permeable brick after adsorption saturation, first with the salt acid soak of 1 ~ 5mol/L for 24 hours, then with clear
Water is rinsed to neutrality, dry 8 ~ 12h at 80 ~ 120 DEG C, then in 500 ~ 600 DEG C of Muffle furnace under conditions of nitrogen is passed through
2 ~ 4h of middle roasting, cools to room temperature with the furnace.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The material source that the present invention cuts dirty type water-permeable brick is extensive, and major ingredient flyash and biomass are industrial and agricultural wastes, into
This is cheap；Preparation method is easy to operate, and intermediate sintering temperature is energy-saving；The recycling for realizing discarded object recycles.
Section dirty type water permeability coefficient of water permeable brick height of the present invention, compression strength are big；To the heavy metal of solubilised state in rainwater and have
The adsorption capacity of dirt is big, advantages of good adsorption effect, and the dissolution of unharmful substance；Water-permeable brick after adsorption saturation can regenerate；It can
It is laid on that pavement, parking lot, square and roof etc. are local, realizes the diafiltration and collection of rainwater；It can purification of heavy metal and organic
The rainwater of the micro- pollution of object improves city water cycle, recharge of groundwater or the utilization for realizing rainwater, has good economic and society
Benefit.
Prepared by the present invention cuts dirty type water-permeable brick, to mercury in rainwater, arsenic, cadmium, lead ion removal rate can reach 99% with
On, the removal rate of the micro quantity organic pollutants such as Endocrine interferon, antibiotic exists to phosphatic removal rate more than 95%
More than 90%, absorption purifying effect is splendid.The filtrate of adsorption saturation is regenerated through salt acid soak, medium temperature pyrolysis, and adsorption capacity can
Recover to original more than 95%, may be reused.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope for cutting dirty type water-permeable brick prepared by embodiment 1（SEM）Image.
Fig. 2 is the energy spectrum analysis figure for cutting dirty type water-permeable brick prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the XRD diagram for cutting dirty type water-permeable brick prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the scanning electron microscope image cut after dirty type water-permeable brick regeneration prepared by embodiment 2.
Specific embodiment
Following non-limiting examples can make those of ordinary skill in the art be more fully understood the present invention, but not with
Any mode limits the present invention.
Dirty type water-permeable brick is cut prepared by following embodiments, tests it respectively to heavy metal Hg, arsenic, cadmium, lead ion, phosphoric acid
The eliminating rate of absorption of salt, endocrine disruptors and antibiotic.Test method is：Adsorption filtration is carried out by the way of filtered water is oozed
Performance test, it is respectively 10 ~ 50 μ g/L to enter water mercury, arsenic, cadmium, plumbum ion concentration, and phosphate concn is 1 ~ 3mg/L, and endocrine is done
It is 1 ~ 5 μ g/L to disturb element and antibiotic, tests aqueous concentration, calculates removal rate.
Embodiment 1：
Flyash and zeolite are crushed to grain size as 200 ~ 300 mesh, and wash 30min with clear water respectively, is freeze-dried afterwards
36h；Corn stalk powder is broken to below grain size 3mm, in mass ratio 70：5：10：0.5：0.5：1：0.5：0.5 weigh flyash,
Biomass, zeolite powder, aluminum phosphate, magnesia-alumina hydrotalcite, bentonite, cement and magnesium lignosulfonate are simultaneously uniformly mixed, and are added in mixed
Expect the water purification of total weight 10%, 12h is aged under the conditions of 4 DEG C after stirring evenly, with the permeable stainless steel mould of 30 × 50 × 15cm
After extrusion forming, natural air drying 4h, the dry 12h at 105 DEG C, then in 600 DEG C of Muffle furnace under conditions of nitrogen is passed through
Middle roasting 2h is cooled to the furnace after room temperature up to a section dirty type water-permeable brick finished product.From the SEM image of attached drawing 1, which is
The smooth spheric granules in surface, there is about 4-8 μm of an irregular water passage therebetween, prepared water-permeable brick mainly contain Si, Al,
O elements, simultaneously containing elements such as a small amount of C, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Ti, Fe.
Intensity and water permeability test：According to《Water-permeable brick》（JG/T945-2005）The regulation of middle appendix A is to compression strength
It is measured, according to《Water-permeable brick》（JG/T945-2005）In 6.5 and 6.6 regulation water-retaining property and coefficient of permeability are measured.
The mean compressive strength of this product is 36.5MPa, and monolithic compression strength is 37.5MPa, and coefficient of permeability is 1.1 × 10-2Cm/s is protected
Water coefficient is 0.65g/cm2, meet JC/T945-2005《Water-permeable brick》Standard requirement.
Absorption property is tested：Using filtering velocity 1.1 × 10-2The mode for oozing filtered water of cm/s carries out Adsorption Filtration Properties survey
Examination, it is respectively 50 μ g/L, phosphate concn 3mg/L, endocrine disruptors and antibiotic to enter water mercury, arsenic, cadmium, plumbum ion concentration
For 5 μ g/L, water outlet mercury, arsenic, cadmium, plumbum ion concentration are respectively 0.13g/L, 0.21 μ g/L, 0.40 μ g/L and 0.32 μ g/L, phosphoric acid
Salinity is 0.2mg/L, and endocrine disruptors and antibiotic are 0.005 μ g/L, and aqueous concentration meets Drinking Water health mark
The limit value requirement of quasi- GB5749-2006.
Embodiment 2：
Flyash and sepiolite powder are broken to grain size as 200 ~ 300 mesh, and wash 30min with clear water respectively, is freeze-dried afterwards
48h；Rice husk is crushed to below grain size 3mm, in mass ratio 85：10：20：3：3：3：1：1 weighs flyash, biomass, Hai Pao
Mountain flour, aluminum phosphate, magnesia-alumina hydrotalcite, bentonite, cement and silica flour are simultaneously uniformly mixed, and add in the net of batch mixing total weight 5%
Water is aged for 24 hours after stirring evenly under the conditions of 6 DEG C, natural after the permeable stainless steel mould extrusion forming of 30 × 30 × 10cm
8h is air-dried, the dry 8h at 120 DEG C, then in 400 DEG C of Muffle kiln roasting 4h, furnace cooling under conditions of nitrogen is passed through
Up to a section dirty type water-permeable brick finished product after to room temperature.
Intensity and water permeability test：Intensity and water permeability test：According to《Water-permeable brick》（JG/T945-2005）In it is attached
The regulation of record A is measured compression strength, according to《Water-permeable brick》（JG/T945-2005）In 6.5 and 6.6 regulation to water-retaining property
It is measured with coefficient of permeability.The mean compressive strength of this product be 35.5MPa, monolithic compression strength be 36.5MPa, permeable system
Number is 1.05 × 10-2Cm/s, water retention coefficient 0.64g/cm2, meet JC/T945-2005《Water-permeable brick》Standard requirement.
Absorption property is tested：Using filtering velocity 1.1 × 10-2The mode for oozing filtered water of cm/s carries out Adsorption Filtration Properties survey
Examination, it is respectively 50 μ g/L, phosphate concn 3mg/L, endocrine disruptors and antibiotic to enter water mercury, arsenic, cadmium, plumbum ion concentration
For 5 μ g/L, water outlet mercury, arsenic, cadmium, plumbum ion concentration are respectively 0.15 μ g/L, 0.23 μ g/L, 0.59 μ g/L and 0.39 μ g/L, phosphorus
Hydrochlorate concentration is 0.46mg/L, and endocrine disruptors and antibiotic are 0.006 μ g/L, and aqueous concentration meets Drinking Water health
The limit value requirement of standard GB5749-2006.
Embodiment 3：
Water-permeable brick prepared by embodiment 2 after adsorption saturation, first with the salt acid soak of 5mol/L for 24 hours, is then rinsed with clear water into
Property, the dry 12h at 120 DEG C then under conditions of nitrogen is passed through in 600 DEG C of Muffle kiln roasting 4h, is cooled to the furnace
Room temperature.From the SEM image of attached drawing 4, there is a subtle variation in water-permeable brick water hole road and particle after regeneration, water-permeable brick it is strong
Within 1%, adsorption capacity is recovered to more than the 95% of freshly prepared water-permeable brick for degree and water permeability variation.
Claims (8)
1. one kind cuts dirty type water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that presses mass parts 85 by aggregate, binding agent and additive
~125：2.5~10：0.5 ~ 1.5 composition；The aggregate by flyash, biomass and zeolite powder or sepiolite powder by mass parts 70 ~
85：5~10：10 ~ 20 compositions；The binding agent presses mass parts 0.5 ~ 3 by aluminum phosphate, magnesia-alumina hydrotalcite, bentonite and cement：
0.5~3：1~3：0.5 ~ 1 composition；The additive is the one or two of magnesium lignosulfonate or silica flour, mass parts 0.5-
1.5。
2. the preparation method of a kind of section according to claim 1 dirty type water-permeable brick, which is characterized in that prepared by the water-permeable brick
It crushed including aggregate, prepare shaping and heat treatment process.
3. a kind of section of dirty type water-permeable brick according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the biological material is stalk, garden
One or more of woods discarded object, chitosan, peanut shell, rice husk, bacteria stick.
4. a kind of section of dirty type water-permeable brick according to claim 2 and preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that aggregate flyash,
Zeolite powder or sepiolite powder are broken to grain size as 200 ~ 300 mesh, and flyash, zeolite powder or sepiolite powder are washed respectively with clear water
30min, afterwards natural air drying 20d or freeze-drying 36 ~ 48h.
5. the biological material according to claim 2 and 3 is before batch mixing, first by biological material be crushed to grain size 3mm with
Under.
6. the preparation method of a kind of section according to claim 2 dirty type water-permeable brick, which is characterized in that the preparation process
For：By flyash, biomass, zeolite powder or sepiolite powder, aluminum phosphate, magnesia-alumina hydrotalcite, bentonite, cement and sulfomethylated lignin
Sour magnesium is uniformly mixed, and is added in and is accounted for the water purification of mixture total weight 5 ~ 10%, the ageing 12 ~ for 24 hours under the conditions of 2 ~ 6 DEG C after stirring evenly,
It is once press-formed with machine die, surface smoothes out, the 20-30h demouldings, 4 ~ 8h of natural air drying.
7. the preparation method of a kind of section according to claim 2 dirty type water-permeable brick, which is characterized in that the mistake of the heat treatment
Cheng Wei：Dry 8 ~ 12h at 80 ~ 120 DEG C, then under conditions of nitrogen is passed through in 400 ~ 600 DEG C Muffle kiln roasting 2 ~
4h cools to room temperature with the furnace.
8. the adsorption capacity renovation process of a kind of section according to claim 1 dirty type water-permeable brick, which is characterized in that absorption is full
Water-permeable brick with after first with the salt acid soak of 1 ~ 5mol/L for 24 hours, is then rinsed with clear water to neutrality, dry 8 at 80 ~ 120 DEG C
Then ~ 12h cools to room temperature with the furnace under conditions of nitrogen is passed through in 500 ~ 600 DEG C of Muffle 2 ~ 4h of kiln roasting.
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