CN108059435A - 一种耐海雾侵蚀的磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土材料 - Google Patents
一种耐海雾侵蚀的磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土材料 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/34—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐海雾侵蚀的磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土，该泡沫混凝土是由混合干物料、稳泡剂、调凝剂、发泡剂和水按照水料比0.4～0.75的配比组成；所述混合干物料重量百分比组成如下：磷铝酸盐基水泥50％～80％，硅质矿物掺合料20％～50％；调凝剂为混合干物料的0.1％～5％；稳泡剂为混合干物料的0.01％～2％；发泡剂为混合干物料的3％～10％。本发明的磷铝酸盐基水泥泡沫混凝土有着极强的抗氯离子、硫酸根离子侵蚀能力，可以用于沿海地区所有需要应用泡沫混凝土的建筑、工程等方面。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种耐海雾侵蚀的磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土材料，属于建筑材料技术领域。
背景技术
我国的沿海地区每年都有短则三个月，长则五个月的海雾期。在海雾期，海雾不仅影响着沿海地区，而且有时甚至可以深入陆地达几十千米。海雾登陆陆地后仍保持着海雾的特征，其中含有大量对水泥有害的离子如：氯离子、硫酸根离子、镁离子等。对沿海建筑和工程来说，有着不容忽视的威胁，特别是对于使用了泡沫混凝土的建筑和工程来说，因其多孔性，有害离子更易进入结构内部，危害等级更是需要上调几个级别。普通硅酸盐水泥泡沫混凝土中含有大量的Ca(OH)2(硅酸盐水泥水化产物中Ca(OH)2可达20％)，Ca(OH)2易受SO4 2-侵蚀反应生成二水石膏，二水石膏有膨胀作用，会胀裂建筑，而且还能与含铝相水化产物反应生成钙矾石(3CaO·Al2O3·3CaSO4·32H2O)，钙矾石也是膨胀性的产物，同样会胀裂混凝土结构。并且因为泡沫混凝土疏松多孔的特性，决定了它在海雾的侵蚀中比水泥等致密的结构更易遭到破坏，而且破坏速度惊人。因此急需一种可以有效抵抗海雾侵蚀的新型泡沫混凝土。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种耐海雾侵蚀的磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土材料，在抵抗海雾中携带的氯盐、硫酸盐、镁盐等造成的侵蚀方面有着极其优异的性能。并且满足加工所需的各方面条件，甚至在强度方面比同等级的传统硅酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土更有优势。
本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种耐海雾侵蚀的磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土材料，它是由混合干物料、稳泡剂、调凝剂、发泡剂和水按照水料比0.4～0.75的配比组成；所述混合干物料重量百分比组成如下：磷铝酸盐基水泥50％～80％，硅质矿物掺合料20％～50％；调凝剂为混合干物料的0.1％～5％；稳泡剂为混合干物料的0.01％～2％；发泡剂为混合干物料的3％～10％；所述硅质矿物掺合料为煤矸石、金矿尾砂、磨细玻璃粉、磷矿渣、萤石矿渣、高岭土尾矿、石英岩尾矿一种或两种以上的组合。
优选的，所述磷铝酸盐基水泥为磷铝酸盐水泥或改性磷铝酸盐水泥，其强度等级不低于42.5级，且比表面积大于320m2/kg。
优选的，所述的调凝剂为Na2SO4、Fe(NO3)2、CaCl2、Ca(NO3)2、Na(NO3)2、NaNO2中一种。
优选的，所述发泡剂为H2O2，铝粉膏，树脂皂类发泡剂，松香酸皂类，动物蛋白型发泡剂，植物型发泡剂中的一种或两种以上的组合。
所采用的发泡方式为预制发泡和化学自发泡方式的双发泡方式，预制发泡，即1.制备混凝土浆体和发泡剂溶液，2.将发泡剂溶液制成泡沫，3.混合制成混凝土拌合物；化学自发泡即采用先将混凝土浆体与发泡剂混合、发泡，然后制成混凝土拌合物。本发明的耐海雾侵蚀的泡沫混凝土不仅有着可以替代普通硅酸盐泡沫混凝土的施工性能和力学性能等，而且在耐海雾侵蚀方面有着巨大的优势。且抗碳化能力极强，基本不与二氧化碳反应。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的耐海雾侵蚀的磷铝酸盐基水泥泡沫混凝土，与传统的硅酸盐泡沫混凝土、硫铝酸盐泡沫混凝土相比不含有易受侵蚀的Ca(OH)2，且加入硅质矿物掺合料后与水泥中的铝酸钙反应生成钙黄长石，对强度有促进作用。并且磷铝酸盐基水泥中的磷铝酸钙可固定氯离子生成Friedel盐(3CaO·Al2O3·CaCl2·10H2O)和Kuzel盐(3CaO·Al2O3·0.5CaSO4·0.5CaCl2·10H2O)，这两种盐可优化泡沫混凝土孔结构，对性能有着提升作用。所以本发明的磷铝酸盐基水泥泡沫混凝土有着极强的抗氯离子、硫酸根离子侵蚀能力，在实验中测得的抗硫酸盐侵蚀系数为1.3～1.6，性能极佳。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
实施例1
混合干粉料组成重量百分比：
掺加发泡剂为干粉质量的3％，掺加调凝剂为干粉质量的0.1％，掺加稳泡剂为干粉质量的0.01％，水料比为0.75。制成100mm厚的砌块，在模拟海雾的环境中养护28天后测得强度。并且在只有硫酸根离子侵蚀的情况下测得抗硫酸根离子侵蚀系数。
实施例2
混合干粉料组成重量百分比：
掺加发泡剂为干粉质量的4.5％，掺加调凝剂为干粉质量的0.25％，掺加稳泡剂为干粉质量的0.1％，水料比为0.5。制成100mm厚的砌块，在模拟海雾的环境中养护28天后测得强度。并且在只有硫酸根离子侵蚀的情况下测得抗硫酸根离子侵蚀系数。
实施例3
混合干粉料组成重量百分比：
掺加发泡剂为干粉质量的10％，掺加调凝剂为干粉质量的5％，掺加稳泡剂为干粉质量的2％，水料比为0.4。制成100mm厚的砌块，在模拟海雾的环境中养护28天后测得强度。并且在只有硫酸根离子侵蚀的情况下测得抗硫酸根离子侵蚀系数。
对比例1
普通硅酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土：所掺加的组分的质量百分数：普通硅酸盐水泥100％；掺加发泡剂为水泥质量的4.5％，掺加调凝剂为水泥质量的0.2％，掺加稳泡剂为水泥质量的0.1％，水料比为0.5。制成100mm厚的试块。在模拟海雾的环境中养护28天后测得强度。制成100mm厚的砌块。并且在只有硫酸根离子侵蚀的情况下测得抗硫酸根离子侵蚀系数。
对比例2
磷铝酸盐基泡沫混凝土：所掺加的组分的质量百分数：磷铝酸盐水泥100％；掺加发泡剂为水泥质量的4.5％，掺加调凝剂为水泥质量的0.2％，掺加稳泡剂为水泥质量的0.1％，水料比为0.5。制成100mm厚的试块。在模拟海雾的环境中养护28天后测得强度。制成100mm厚的砌块。并且在只有硫酸根离子侵蚀的情况下测得抗硫酸根离子侵蚀系数。
为了验证本发明制备的磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土具有较好的耐海雾侵蚀的性能，对实施例1-3和对比例1-2制备的混凝土的性能进行了测试，具体结果如表1所示。
表1 混凝土性能测试结果
从上述表1中的结果可以看出，本发明实施例1-3制备的混凝土在模拟海雾环境养护28天后抗压强度变化基本不大，且抗硫酸盐侵蚀系数也较高，而对比例1-2中制备的混凝土在模拟海雾环境养护28天后抗压强度变化较大，尤其是对比例1抗压强度减少57％；且对比例1-2制备的抗硫酸盐侵蚀系数也较低，这说明单一的普通硅酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土、单一磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土的耐海雾侵蚀性能较低，而海洋侵蚀离子主要有Cl-、SO4 2-等，因而，本发明制备的磷铝酸盐基水泥泡沫混凝土，不含有易受侵蚀的Ca(OH)2，且加入硅质矿物掺合料后与水泥中的铝酸钙反应生成钙黄长石，对强度有促进作用。并且磷铝酸盐基水泥中的磷铝酸钙可固定氯离子生成Friedel盐(3CaO·Al2O3·CaCl2·10H2O)和Kuzel盐(3CaO·Al2O3·0.5CaSO4·0.5CaCl2·10H2O)，这两种盐可优化泡沫混凝土孔结构，对性能有着提升作用。所以本发明的磷铝酸盐基水泥泡沫混凝土有着极强的抗氯离子、硫酸根离子侵蚀能力。
Claims (4)
1.一种耐海雾侵蚀的磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土材料，其特征在于，它是由混合干物料、稳泡剂、调凝剂、发泡剂和水按照水料比0.4～0.75的配比组成；所述混合干物料重量百分比组成如下：磷铝酸盐基水泥50％～80％，硅质矿物掺合料20％～50％；调凝剂为混合干物料的0.1％～5％；稳泡剂为混合干物料的0.01％～2％；发泡剂为混合干物料的3％～10％；所述硅质矿物掺合料为煤矸石、金矿尾砂、磨细玻璃粉、磷矿渣、萤石矿渣、高岭土尾矿、石英岩尾矿一种或两种以上的组合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐海雾侵蚀的磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土材料，其特征在于，所述磷铝酸盐基水泥为磷铝酸盐水泥或改性磷铝酸盐水泥，其强度等级不低于42.5级，且比表面积大于320m2/kg。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐海雾侵蚀的磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土材料，其特征在于，所述的调凝剂为Na2SO4、Fe(NO3)2、CaCl2、Ca(NO3)2、Na(NO3)2、NaNO2中一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐海雾侵蚀的磷铝酸盐水泥基泡沫混凝土材料，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为H2O2，铝粉膏，树脂皂类发泡剂，松香酸皂类，动物蛋白型发泡剂，植物型发泡剂中的一种或两种以上的组合。
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