CN108045034A - 一种瓦楞纸板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种瓦楞纸板，包括纸板基体和复合层，以重量份的组分计，所述纸板基体包括纸浆60‑75份，聚乙醇酸5‑12份，阳离子聚丙烯酰胺5‑8份，壳聚糖3‑6份；所述复合层由纸板基体表面向上依次包括纸塑粘合剂层、纤维层和聚氨酯层，本发明在抗压性强的基体基础再复合纤维层，便于纤维层稳定复合在基体上，同时纤维层具有较强的抗压性能，因此进一步加强了瓦楞纸板强度；此外，通过粘接剂层可以将纤维层与纸板基体之间粘接复合，在将初步制备完成后的瓦楞纸板烘干时，低熔点聚酯纤维在熔融状态下可以作为粘接剂进一步提高纤维层与瓦楞基体之间的粘接强度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纸板技术领域，特别涉及一种瓦楞纸板。
背景技术
瓦楞纸板是由挂面纸板和通过瓦楞棍加工而形成的波形板状物，一般分为单瓦楞纸板和双瓦楞纸板两类，按照瓦楞的尺寸分为：A、B、C、E、F五种类型。瓦楞纸的发明和应用有一百多年历史，具有成本低、质量轻、加工易、强度大、印刷适应性样优良、储存搬运方便等优点。
例如，授权公告号为CN103114490B、名称为“纤维强化复合瓦楞纸板的加工方法”的方法发明已经公开了其制备得到的瓦楞纸板，具有较高的抗压强度，达到了广泛应用的效果。以下对具有抗压强度的瓦楞纸板提出另一种技术方案。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明提供了一种瓦楞纸板，具有较高的抗压强度。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：一种瓦楞纸板，包括纸板基体和复合层，以重量份的组分计，所述纸板基体包括纸浆60-75份，聚乙醇酸5-12份，阳离子聚丙烯酰胺5-8份，壳聚糖3-6份；所述复合层由纸板基体表面向上依次包括纸塑粘合剂层、纤维层和聚氨酯层。
通过上述技术方案，聚乙醇酸通过熔融纺丝加工成纤维，以纤维的形态加入到纸浆内后，与纸浆内的植物纤维结合后，其结构强度较单一纤维结构强度明显提高，进而有利于瓦楞纸板具有一定的抗压强度；进一步地，通过阳离子聚丙烯酰胺对结合的纤维二次加强，壳聚糖具有优良的成膜性且分子链上存在着丰富的氨基和羟基，可以与纸浆纤维分子上存在的羟基、羧基等结合成为氢键和离子键，增强纸张的强度，同时还具有无毒、不产生二次污染、生物降解性好等特点；聚氨酯层为具有一定的硬度泡沫材料层，主要体现在保护防撞方面，同时还具有保温、防水的优点；将纤维以线材或者网格的方式通过纸塑粘合剂层压制在聚氨酯层上形成所述纤维层，纤维层本身具有极强的抗拉伸强度，较纸板基体的抗拉伸强度的几十倍，从而使得瓦楞纸板的力学性能大幅度提升。
本发明进一步的，所述聚氨酯层内包括聚氨酯、木质素、淀粉和单宁。
通过上述技术方案，通过木材中木质素和单宁对聚氨酯进行改性，从而形成聚氨酯弹性体，在足量单宁的比例条件下，单宁在聚氨酯中能够充分进行交联，淀粉有利于组分内试剂溶合；随着单宁含量的增加，聚氨酯泡沫体的抗压强度、弹性呈线性上升；另外，生物降解性能也有所提高，达到克服直接采用聚氨酯作为聚氨酯层不可降解的缺点。
本发明进一步的，所述聚乙醇酸为9份。
通过上述技术方案，聚乙醇酸选用9份，使得纸板基体具有较佳的结构强度，在与复合层复合过程中能够避免纸板基体形变，也能够保持纤维层的结构完整性，赋予制得瓦楞纸板更好的抗压强度。
本发明进一步的，所述阳离子聚丙烯酰胺为6份。
通过上述技术方案，阳离子聚丙烯酰胺选用6份，促进聚乙醇酸与纸浆内植物纤维的结合。
本发明进一步的，所述纤维层由涤纶丝、低熔点丝和尼龙丝交织而成。
通过上述技术方案，低熔点纤维是一种纤维组织，同一般涤纶和尼龙丝编织得到纤维层，在烘干过程低熔点丝能够熔融，然后与涤纶和尼龙丝进行粘合，进一步地能够与复合层进行粘合，提高了复合层与纸板基体之间的粘接强度，达到纤维层和纸板基体不容易脱落的效果。
本发明进一步的，所述低熔点丝为低熔点聚酯纤维。
通过上述技术方案，低熔点聚酯纤维其熔点较低，在瓦楞纸板制备完成进行烘干时，在150～170摄氏度的烘干条件下，进一步地能够与复合层进行粘合，提高了复合层与纸板基体之间的粘接强度，达到纤维层和纸板基体不容易脱落的效果。
本发明进一步的，所述低熔点聚酯纤维的添加量为1～3根/m2。
通过上述技术方案，将低熔点聚酯纤维的添加量控制在1～3根/m2左右，既能够满足熔融成具有粘接性能的胶状物增加层与层之间的粘接性能，又没有过量避免熔融后涤纶和尼龙的抱紧力降低，使得纤维层的性能不易减弱。
本发明不但具有优良的抗压强度，同时层与层之间的粘接效果好，优于普通瓦楞纸板；除此之外，本发明的所使用的各材料之间能够发挥协同作用，其组合增效为：
(1)首先纸板基体采用结合纤维进行加强，存在抗压性强的基体基础再复合纤维层，便于纤维层稳定复合在基体上，同时纤维层具有较强的抗压性能，因此进一步加强了瓦楞纸板强度；
(2)通过粘接剂层可以将纤维层与纸板基体之间粘接复合，进一步地，在将初步制备完成后的瓦楞纸板烘干时，低熔点聚酯纤维在熔融状态下可以作为粘接剂进一步提高纤维层与瓦楞基体之间的粘接强度。
具体实施方式
以下通过制定实施例和对比例进行实验比较，
采用授权公告号为CN103114490B、名称为“纤维强化复合瓦楞纸板的加工方法”的方法发明进行试验。
实施例1-3、一种瓦楞纸板，具体通过下述加工方法实验：步骤S1、原纸经瓦楞辊轧制，在原纸上形成瓦楞，称为瓦楞纸。
步骤S2、涤纶丝、低熔点丝和尼龙丝交织而成的纤维以线材形式被压制在聚氨酯层内侧以形成纤维层，并上塑纸粘结剂形成层结构，其中，聚氨酯层由聚氨酯材料构成；低熔点丝采用低熔点聚酯纤维，且低熔点聚酯纤维的添加量为1～3根/m2；粘结时间为25秒，粘结温度为58℃，粘结压力为8N。
步骤S3、将纸板基体和步骤S2中得到复合层送至上胶辊，进行上胶并烘干，其中纸板基体由纸浆，聚乙醇酸，阳离子聚丙烯酰胺，壳聚糖制备得到(实施例1-3的组分以及重量份数如表格1所示)，胶液与步骤S2中的纸塑粘接剂相同，上胶量为8～10g/m2，粘结温度为58℃；烘干温度为150℃，烘干速度为98m/min形成瓦楞纸板。
步骤S4、将步骤S3的瓦楞纸板进行冷却定型，冷却定型温度为15℃，冷却定型时间为8秒。
步骤S5、分切、压痕、横切、堆码。
表格1实施例1-3的组分以及重量份数
实施例4、一种瓦楞纸板，与实施例1的不同之处在于，所述步骤S2中，聚氨酯层由聚氨酯材料经木质素、淀粉和单宁改性而成。
实施例5、一种瓦楞纸板，与实施例4的不同之处在于，所述步骤S2中，低熔点丝采用PE低熔点纤维。
对比例1、一种瓦楞纸板，与实施例1的不同之处在于，所述步骤S3中，所述纸板基体采用仅仅纸浆60份、聚乙醇酸5份和壳聚糖4份制备。
对比例2、一种瓦楞纸板，与实施例1的不同之处在于，所述步骤S3中，所述纸板基体采用仅仅纸浆60份、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺8份和壳聚糖4份制备。
对比例3、一种瓦楞纸板，与实施例4的不同之处在于，所述步骤S2中，聚氨酯层由聚氨酯材料经单宁改性而成。
对比例4、一种瓦楞纸板，与实施例4的不同之处在于，所述步骤S2中，所述纤维层由涤纶丝、高熔点丝和尼龙丝交织而成，高熔点丝采用高熔点聚氨酯纤维。
抗压强度性能表征：测试瓦楞纸板单位面积所能承受的均匀增大的最大压力值，将上述实施例和对比例得到瓦楞纸板裁剪成140mm×140mm，然后每个实验组各取四块，要求无印刷、无水印、无折痕或明显损伤，采用HH－NP5600型纸板耐破度仪进行测试，测得每个实验组的抗压强度，抗压，耐破强度测试的仪器。结果在表格2中示出。
表格2实施组的抗压强度性能
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例，凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种瓦楞纸板，其特征在于，包括纸板基体和复合层，以重量份的组分计，所述纸板基体包括纸浆60-75份，聚乙醇酸5-12份，阳离子聚丙烯酰胺5-8份，壳聚糖3-6份；所述复合层由纸板基体表面向上依次包括纸塑粘合剂层、纤维层和聚氨酯层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种瓦楞纸板，其特征在于，所述聚氨酯层内包括聚氨酯、木质素、淀粉和单宁。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种瓦楞纸板，其特征在于，所述聚乙醇酸为9份。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种瓦楞纸板，其特征在于，所述阳离子聚丙烯酰胺为6份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种瓦楞纸板，其特征在于，所述纤维层由涤纶丝、低熔点丝和尼龙丝交织而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种瓦楞纸板，其特征在于，所述低熔点丝为低熔点聚酯纤维。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种瓦楞纸板，其特征在于，所述低熔点聚酯纤维的添加量为1~3根/m2。
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