CN107976443B - Method for observing pure magnesium metallographic structure - Google Patents
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- CN107976443B CN107976443B CN201711192113.6A CN201711192113A CN107976443B CN 107976443 B CN107976443 B CN 107976443B CN 201711192113 A CN201711192113 A CN 201711192113A CN 107976443 B CN107976443 B CN 107976443B
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 208000035874 Excoriation Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种纯镁金相组织的观察方法，该方法包括：一、依次使用600#、1000#、2000#和5000#的碳化硅砂纸对纯镁的表面进行逐级研磨，得到平整、划痕细密的纯镁观察平面；二、采用第一腐蚀剂对纯镁观察面进行一次擦蚀，然后用酒精冲洗，再用吹风机吹干；三、采用第二腐蚀剂对经一次擦蚀处理后的纯镁观察面进行二次擦蚀，然后用酒精冲洗，再用吹风机吹干；四、采用金相显微镜对吹干后的纯镁观察面进行观察。本发明通过两步擦蚀处理去除纯镁观察面的砂纸划痕和污物，并使纯镁金相组织清楚显现，从而准确反映了纯镁的组织形态，工艺简单，易于控制，适用于观察铸态、铸轧态、热轧态和热处理态等多种形态纯镁的金相组织。
The invention discloses a method for observing the metallographic structure of pure magnesium. The method comprises: 1. using silicon carbide sandpapers of 600 # , 1000 # , 2000 # and 5000 # in turn to grind the surface of pure magnesium step by step to obtain a smooth surface 2. The pure magnesium observation plane with fine scratches; 2. Use the first etchant to rub the pure magnesium observation surface once, then rinse it with alcohol, and then dry it with a hair dryer; The pure magnesium observation surface is rubbed twice, then rinsed with alcohol, and then dried with a hair dryer; 4. Use a metallographic microscope to observe the dried pure magnesium observation surface. The invention removes the sandpaper scratches and dirt on the observation surface of pure magnesium through two-step abrasion treatment, and makes the metallographic structure of pure magnesium appear clearly, thereby accurately reflecting the structure and morphology of pure magnesium, the process is simple, easy to control, and suitable for observation The metallographic structure of pure magnesium in various forms such as as-cast, as-rolled, hot-rolled and heat-treated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material microstructure observation, and particularly relates to an observation method of a pure magnesium metallographic structure.
Background
The microstructure of the metal material determines the mechanical and chemical corrosion properties of the metal material. Therefore, the metallographic structure of the metal can be observed by using the metallographic technique, so that the performance of the metal can be rapidly judged, and the plastic deformation process and the heat treatment process can be timely adjusted. The metallographic observation is premised on the visualization of the microstructure using a suitable chemical etchant. At present, the common corrosive agents for observing the metallographic structure of pure magnesium are aqueous solutions of nitric acid and alcohol, aqueous solutions of nitric acid and oxalic acid and aqueous solutions of nitric acid and ethylene glycol. However, the corrosive agents have poor corrosion effect, the metallographic structure after corrosion is difficult to display, the metallographic structure form of the pure magnesium is difficult to clearly observe,
disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for observing a pure magnesium metallographic structure aiming at the defects of the prior art. The method firstly adopts the first corrosive agent with stronger acidity to remove sand paper scratches and dirt on the observation surface of the pure magnesium, and then uses the second corrosive agent with weaker acidity to clearly show the metallographic structure in the pure magnesium, thereby accurately reflecting the structural form of the pure magnesium.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for observing a pure magnesium metallographic structure, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, using 600 in sequence#、1000#、2000#And 5000#The silicon carbide abrasive paper is used for grinding the surface of the pure magnesium step by step to obtain a flat and fine-scratched pure magnesium observation plane; in the step-by-step grinding process, after the silicon carbide abrasive paper is replaced every time, the pure magnesium observation plane is rotated by 90 degrees and then ground until scratches of the last grinding are ground off;
step two, carrying out primary wiping and etching on the pure magnesium observation surface obtained in the step one by adopting a first corrosive agent, then washing the pure magnesium observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the pure magnesium observation surface by using a blower; the first corrosive agent consists of 5 parts of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 68% and 95 parts of water in parts by volume;
step three, carrying out secondary wiping and etching on the pure magnesium observation surface subjected to the primary wiping and etching treatment in the step two by adopting a second corrosive agent, then washing the pure magnesium observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the pure magnesium observation surface by using a blower; the second corrosive agent consists of 20 parts by volume of lactic acid with the mass concentration of 85% and 80 parts by volume of water;
and step four, observing the pure magnesium observation surface dried in the step three by using a metallographic microscope.
The observation method of the pure magnesium metallographic structure is characterized in that the time of the primary ablation in the step two is 25-30 s.
The method for observing the pure magnesium metallographic structure is characterized in that the time of the secondary abrasion in the third step is 20-30 s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out two-step wiping and etching treatment on a ground pure magnesium observation surface, firstly wiping and etching the pure magnesium observation surface by using a first corrosive agent with strong acidity to remove sand paper scratches and dirt on the surface of the pure magnesium observation surface, and permeating the sand paper scratches and dirt into a matrix of the pure magnesium observation surface to slightly damage the matrix tissue, and then wiping and etching the pure magnesium observation surface by using a second corrosive agent with weak acidity to dissolve pure magnesium on the pure magnesium observation surface, so that the metallographic structure in the pure magnesium is clearly shown, the corrosion speed is low, the control is easy, the structure form of the pure magnesium can be accurately reflected, and the method is suitable for observing the metallographic structure of the pure magnesium in various forms such as an as a cast state, a cast-rolled state, a hot-rolled state and a heat.
2. The invention can display the internal structure of the pure magnesium by two-step abrasion after the surface of the pure magnesium is gradually ground, and the polishing treatment after grinding is not needed, thereby reducing the dust pollution and the energy consumption and shortening the observation time.
3. The raw materials of the corrosive used in the process of the invention are all conventional chemical reagents, and the preparation method is simple and easy to popularize and use.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of pure magnesium in a hot rolled state according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure diagram of pure magnesium in a hot rolled state according to comparative example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a metallographic structure diagram of pure magnesium in a hot rolled state according to comparative example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a metallographic structure of as-cast pure magnesium in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a metallographic structure diagram of cast pure magnesium in example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a metallographic structure of pure magnesium in a heat-treated state in example 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a metallographic structure of pure magnesium in a heat-treated state in example 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, using 600 in sequence#、1000#、2000#And 5000#The silicon carbide abrasive paper is used for grinding the surface of the hot-rolled pure magnesium step by step to obtain a flat and fine-scratched observation plane of the hot-rolled pure magnesium; in the step-by-step grinding process, after the silicon carbide abrasive paper is replaced every time, rotating the observation plane of the hot-rolled pure magnesium by 90 degrees and then grinding until scratches of the previous grinding are ground off;
step two, performing primary wiping and etching on the observation surface of the hot-rolled pure magnesium obtained in the step one by adopting a first corrosive agent, then washing the observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the observation surface by using a blower; the first corrosive agent consists of 5 parts of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 68% and 95 parts of water in parts by volume; the time of the primary erasing is 30 s;
thirdly, performing secondary wiping and etching on the hot-rolled pure magnesium observation surface subjected to the primary wiping and etching treatment in the second step by adopting a second corrosive agent, washing the observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the observation surface by using a blower; the second corrosive agent consists of 20 parts by volume of lactic acid with the mass concentration of 85% and 80 parts by volume of water; the time of the secondary wiping is 30 s;
and step four, observing the hot-rolled pure magnesium observation surface subjected to blow drying in the step three by using a metallographic microscope.
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of pure magnesium in a hot rolled state in this example, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the grains of the pure magnesium in the hot rolled state in this example are fine, the grain size is uniform, the grain boundaries are clear and distinct, and twin crystals exist in a part of the grains.
Comparative example 1
Step one, using 600 in sequence#、1000#、2000#And 5000#The silicon carbide abrasive paper is used for grinding the surface of the hot-rolled pure magnesium step by step to obtain a flat and fine-scratched observation plane of the hot-rolled pure magnesium; in the step-by-step grinding process, after the silicon carbide abrasive paper is replaced every time, the hot-rolled pure magnesium observation plane is rotated by 90 degrees and then ground until the scratch of the last grinding is groundDropping;
step two, wiping and corroding the observation surface of the hot-rolled pure magnesium obtained in the step one by adopting a first corrosive agent, then washing the observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the observation surface by using a blower; the first corrosive agent consists of 5 parts of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 68% and 95 parts of water in parts by volume; the wiping time is 30 s;
and step three, observing the hot-rolled pure magnesium observation surface dried in the step two by using a metallographic microscope.
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure diagram of pure magnesium in a hot rolled state according to the comparative example, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the grain boundary definition of the pure magnesium in a hot rolled state according to the comparative example is poor.
Comparing the comparative example 1 with the example 1, it can be seen that only the first corrosive agent is used for wiping the observation surface of the pure magnesium in the hot rolling state, only sand paper scratches and dirt on the surface can be removed, and the sand paper scratches and dirt can penetrate into the matrix of the observation surface of the pure magnesium, so that the matrix structure is slightly damaged, the internal structure of the pure magnesium in the hot rolling state cannot be completely exposed, and a clear metallographic structure is difficult to obtain.
Comparative example 2
Step one, using 600 in sequence#、1000#、2000#And 5000#The silicon carbide abrasive paper is used for grinding the surface of the hot-rolled pure magnesium step by step to obtain a flat and fine-scratched observation plane of the hot-rolled pure magnesium; in the step-by-step grinding process, after the silicon carbide abrasive paper is replaced every time, rotating the observation plane of the hot-rolled pure magnesium by 90 degrees and then grinding until scratches of the previous grinding are ground off;
step two, wiping and corroding the observation surface of the hot-rolled pure magnesium obtained in the step one by adopting a second corrosive agent, then washing the observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the observation surface by using a blower; the second corrosive agent consists of 20 parts by volume of lactic acid with the mass concentration of 85% and 80 parts by volume of water; the wiping time is 30 s;
and step three, observing the hot-rolled pure magnesium observation surface dried in the step two by using a metallographic microscope.
FIG. 3 is a metallographic structure diagram of pure magnesium in a hot rolled state according to the comparative example, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that grain boundaries in the pure magnesium in the hot rolled state according to the comparative example are relatively clear, but scratches generated by abrasive paper grinding are still present, and the surface is grey black, so that the observation is not easy.
Comparing the comparative example 2 with the example 1, it can be seen that the pure magnesium observation surface in the hot rolling state is wiped only by the second corrosive agent, the pure magnesium on the pure magnesium observation surface in the hot rolling state is dissolved, the internal structure of the pure magnesium observation surface is clearly shown, but sand paper scratches and dirt on the pure magnesium observation surface in the hot rolling state cannot be removed, so that the pure magnesium metallographic structure has grinding scratches and dirt, and is difficult to observe.
Comparing fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, it can be known that only by sequentially adopting the first corrosive agent and the second corrosive agent to sequentially process the hot-rolled pure magnesium observation surface, the sand paper scratch and the dirt on the hot-rolled pure magnesium observation surface can be removed, and the internal tissue of the hot-rolled pure magnesium is completely exposed, so that a clear metallographic structure is obtained, and the observation is convenient.
Example 2
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, using 600 in sequence#、1000#、2000#And 5000#The silicon carbide abrasive paper is used for gradually grinding the surface of the as-cast pure magnesium to obtain a flat and fine-scratched observation plane of the as-cast pure magnesium; in the step-by-step grinding process, after the silicon carbide abrasive paper is replaced every time, the as-cast pure magnesium observation plane is rotated by 90 degrees and then ground until scratches of the last grinding are ground off;
step two, performing primary wiping and etching on the as-cast pure magnesium observation surface obtained in the step one by adopting a first corrosive agent, then washing the observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the observation surface by using a blower; the first corrosive agent consists of 5 parts of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 68% and 95 parts of water in parts by volume; the time of the primary erasing is 30 s;
step three, performing secondary wiping and etching on the as-cast pure magnesium observation surface subjected to the primary wiping and etching treatment in the step two by adopting a second corrosive agent, then washing the observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the observation surface by using a blower; the second corrosive agent consists of 20 parts by volume of lactic acid with the mass concentration of 85% and 80 parts by volume of water; the time of the secondary wiping is 20 s;
and step four, observing the as-cast pure magnesium observation surface dried in the step three by using a metallographic microscope.
FIG. 4 is a metallographic structure diagram of as-cast pure magnesium according to the present example, and it can be seen from FIG. 4 that nearly parallel columnar grains exist in the as-cast pure magnesium according to the present example.
Example 3
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, using 600 in sequence#、1000#、2000#And 5000#The silicon carbide abrasive paper is used for gradually grinding the surface of the cast-rolled pure magnesium to obtain a flat and fine-scratched pure magnesium observation plane; in the step-by-step grinding process, after the silicon carbide abrasive paper is replaced every time, the cast-rolled pure magnesium observation plane is rotated by 90 degrees and then ground until scratches of the last grinding are ground off;
step two, performing primary wiping corrosion on the cast-rolled pure magnesium observation surface obtained in the step one by adopting a first corrosive agent, then washing the observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the observation surface by using a blower; the first corrosive agent consists of 5 parts of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 68% and 95 parts of water in parts by volume; the time of the primary etching is 25 s;
step three, carrying out secondary wiping and etching on the cast-rolled pure magnesium observation surface subjected to the primary wiping and etching treatment in the step two by adopting a second corrosive agent, then washing the cast-rolled pure magnesium observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the cast-rolled pure magnesium observation surface by using a blower; the second corrosive agent consists of 20 parts by volume of lactic acid with the mass concentration of 85% and 80 parts by volume of water; the time of the secondary wiping is 26 s;
and step four, observing the cast-rolling pure magnesium observation surface subjected to blow drying in the step three by using a metallographic microscope.
Fig. 5 is a metallographic structure diagram of the cast-rolled pure magnesium in the embodiment, and it can be seen from fig. 5 that a large number of deformation twins generated by deformation induction exist in the cast-rolled pure magnesium in the embodiment.
Example 4
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out annealing heat treatment on cast-rolled pure magnesium at 350 ℃ for 24h, and then sequentially using 600#、1000#、2000#And 5000#The silicon carbide abrasive paper is used for gradually grinding the surface of the heat-treated pure magnesium to obtain a flat and fine-scratched observation plane of the heat-treated pure magnesium; in the step-by-step grinding process, after the silicon carbide abrasive paper is replaced every time, the heat-treated pure magnesium observation plane is rotated by 90 degrees and then ground until scratches of the previous grinding are ground off;
step two, performing primary wiping and etching on the heat-treated pure magnesium observation surface obtained in the step one by adopting a first corrosive agent, then washing the observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the observation surface by using a blower; the first corrosive agent consists of 5 parts of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 68% and 95 parts of water in parts by volume; the time of the primary erasing is 30 s;
thirdly, performing secondary wiping and etching on the heat-treated pure magnesium observation surface subjected to the primary wiping and etching treatment in the second step by adopting a second corrosive agent, washing the observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the observation surface by using a blower; the second corrosive agent consists of 20 parts by volume of lactic acid with the mass concentration of 85% and 80 parts by volume of water; the time of the secondary wiping is 25 s;
and step four, observing the heat-treated pure magnesium observation surface subjected to blow-drying in the step three by using a metallographic microscope.
FIG. 6 is a metallographic structure diagram of pure magnesium in a heat-treated state in the present example, and it can be seen from FIG. 6 that a large number of clear twin structures exist in the pure magnesium in a heat-treated state in the present example.
Example 5
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out annealing heat treatment on cast-rolled pure magnesium at 450 ℃ for 24h, and then sequentially using 600#、1000#、2000#And 5000#The silicon carbide abrasive paper is used for gradually grinding the surface of the heat-treated pure magnesium to obtain a flat and fine-scratched observation plane of the heat-treated pure magnesium; in the step-by-step grinding process, after the silicon carbide abrasive paper is replaced every time, the heat-treated pure magnesium observation plane is rotated by 90 degrees and then ground until scratches of the previous grinding are ground off;
step two, performing primary wiping and etching on the heat-treated pure magnesium observation surface obtained in the step one by adopting a first corrosive agent, then washing the observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the observation surface by using a blower; the first corrosive agent consists of 5 parts of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 68% and 95 parts of water in parts by volume; the time of the primary etching is 28 s;
thirdly, performing secondary wiping and etching on the heat-treated pure magnesium observation surface subjected to the primary wiping and etching treatment in the second step by adopting a second corrosive agent, washing the observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the observation surface by using a blower; the second corrosive agent consists of 20 parts by volume of lactic acid with the mass concentration of 85% and 80 parts by volume of water; the time of the secondary wiping is 23 s;
and step four, observing the heat-treated pure magnesium observation surface subjected to blow-drying in the step three by using a metallographic microscope.
Fig. 7 is a metallographic structure diagram of pure magnesium in a heat-treated state in the present embodiment, and it can be seen from fig. 7 that after high-temperature long-time annealing, the grain size of the original cast-rolled pure magnesium structure in the heat-treated pure magnesium structure in the present embodiment is refined, the grain boundary of the refined grains is clear, and twin crystals exist in the partially refined grains.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The method for observing the pure magnesium metallographic structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, using 600 in sequence#、1000#、2000#And 5000#The silicon carbide abrasive paper is used for grinding the surface of the pure magnesium step by step to obtain a flat and fine-scratched pure magnesium observation plane; in the step-by-step grinding process, after the silicon carbide abrasive paper is replaced every time, the pure magnesium observation plane is rotated by 90 degrees and then ground until scratches of the last grinding are ground off;
step two, carrying out primary wiping and etching on the pure magnesium observation surface obtained in the step one by adopting a first corrosive agent, then washing the pure magnesium observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the pure magnesium observation surface by using a blower; the first corrosive agent consists of 5 parts of nitric acid with the mass concentration of 68% and 95 parts of water in parts by volume;
thirdly, performing secondary wiping and etching on the pure magnesium observation surface subjected to the primary wiping and etching treatment in the second step by adopting a second corrosive agent, washing the pure magnesium observation surface by using alcohol, and drying the pure magnesium observation surface by using a blower; the second corrosive agent consists of 20 parts by volume of lactic acid with the mass concentration of 85% and 80 parts by volume of water;
and step four, observing the pure magnesium observation surface dried in the step three by using a metallographic microscope.
2. The method for observing the metallographic structure of pure magnesium according to claim 1, wherein the time for the primary etching in the second step is 25 to 30 seconds.
3. The method for observing the metallographic structure of pure magnesium according to claim 1, wherein the time for the secondary ablation in step three is 20 to 30 seconds.
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