CN107911800A - Solar energy collecting video sensor network and its method of supplying power to based on Raspberry Pi - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar energy collection video sensor network based on a raspberry pie and a power supply method thereof. Each node of the sensor network includes a solar panel, a rechargeable lithium battery, a wireless communication module, a video sensor, an energy management module and a microprocessor unit , the solar panel and the rechargeable lithium battery are connected with the energy management module, the other end of the energy management module is connected with the microprocessor unit, and the video sensor and the wireless communication module are connected with the microprocessor unit at the same time. The energy management module is composed of a power supply control unit, a power monitoring unit and an energy collection unit. The power supply control unit manages the power supply mode of the sensor network nodes and monitors the collection efficiency of solar energy in real time. in the lithium battery. The energy management module adjusts the working mode of the sensor node according to the remaining power of the node and the energy that can be collected in a short period of time to ensure the normal operation of the network.

Description

Solar energy harvesting video sensor network and its power supply method based on Raspberry Pi

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of computer networks, and relates to a video sensor network suitable for environment monitoring video applications, which collects environmental energy around sensor nodes—solar energy—to supply power to sensor nodes.

Background technique

At present, the research of wireless sensor network mainly focuses on the collection, transmission and processing of simple data information (such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, etc.). With the increasingly complex and changeable monitoring environment, the simple data obtained by the traditional sensor network gradually cannot meet people's comprehensive needs for environmental monitoring. Compared with traditional sensor networks, video sensor networks can perceive multimedia information such as video and images with rich information, and can be widely used in battlefield visual monitoring, environmental monitoring, traffic monitoring, smart home, medical health and many other fields.

Since 2003, research institutions and related organizations at home and abroad have begun to conduct research on multimedia sensors including video sensors. Famous institutions such as the University of California, Portland State University, and Carnegie Mellon University have all begun to set up video sensor network research groups and launch related research programs. At the same time, Chinese scholars have also attached great importance to the research on video sensor networks. The Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication Software and Multimedia of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Harbin Institute of Technology, and Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences have also begun to explore this field. .

In terms of sensor networks, for new features such as the large amount of data of video sensors, the acquisition, processing and transmission of complex multimedia information, there are new aspects of hardware platforms, architecture, deployment methods, coverage strategies and information processing in network nodes. requirements. At the same time, compared with traditional sensor networks, because WMSNs process multimedia information with a larger amount of data, the problem of energy consumption is particularly prominent in multimedia sensor networks. Existing studies on various energy-efficient communication routing protocols, design of periodic work/sleep low-duty-cycle work scheduling methods, etc., these measures only achieve energy-saving effects from the perspective of energy consumption, so they cannot fundamentally Solve the limited problem of battery energy. Environmental energy harvesting technology can use various new energy conversion materials, structures or systems to convert clean energy such as solar energy, wind energy, thermal energy, and vibration energy in the environment into electrical energy for storage and utilization. These harvested energies can provide efficient power supply for devices such as wireless sensors and MEMS. This will be an effective technology to solve the energy supply problem of sensor network. Therefore, effectively obtaining energy from the external environment is of great significance for video sensor networks. How to effectively use environmental energy to power video sensor networks is a key issue in the promotion and application of video sensor networks. Aiming at the feature of high energy consumption of the video sensor network, the present invention considers using solar energy for energy replenishment and supply of nodes.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to use solar energy to power the video sensor network, and propose a video sensor network based on raspberry pie solar energy collection and its power supply method. In view of the high energy consumption of video sensor network nodes during transmission, the electric energy converted from solar energy further supplies power to the nodes through the energy management module, so as to realize the energy saving and environmental protection of video sensor network nodes, greatly prolong the life of sensor network nodes, and improve the stability of network nodes And reliability, reduce node data loss and human resource loss caused by replacing or maintaining sensor network nodes, and solve the energy supply problem during video data transmission.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is a video sensor network based on raspberry pie solar energy collection, and each node of the sensor network includes a solar panel, a rechargeable lithium battery, a wireless communication module, a video sensor, an energy management module and The microprocessor unit, the solar panel and the rechargeable lithium battery are connected with the energy management module, and the other end of the energy management module is connected with the central processing unit, and the video sensor and the wireless communication module are connected with the central processing unit at the same time.

Further, the above-mentioned energy management module is composed of a power supply control unit, a power monitoring unit and an energy collection unit. The power supply control unit is used to manage the power supply mode of the sensor network nodes and monitor the collection efficiency of solar energy in real time. If the conversion efficiency is high, the solar panel will The solar battery provides power for the sensor network nodes and stores the excess energy in a rechargeable lithium battery. If the conversion efficiency is low but still enough for the node to work, the solar battery will only supply power for the node. If the power provided by the solar battery is not enough for the node to work In use, the node is directly powered by a rechargeable lithium battery, and the solar battery collects power to supply the rechargeable lithium battery. According to the remaining power of the node and the energy that can be collected in the short term, the working mode of the sensor node can be adjusted to extend the life cycle of the network.

The above-mentioned power detection unit can read the voltage and remaining power of the lithium battery, and send real-time monitoring of the voltage and power of all sensors to the base station or aggregation node through the wireless communication module, so as to check whether the node can work normally.

The above-mentioned energy collection unit can convert the light energy received by the solar panel into electrical energy for use by the sensor nodes.

The above wireless communication module adopts Wi-Fi technology.

The above sensor network consists of multiple video sensor nodes connected within the same Wi-Fi signal.

The power supply method based on the described solar energy collecting video sensor network based on raspberry pie may further comprise the steps:

Step 1) The solar panel collects light energy in an illuminated environment, and the energy collection unit in the energy management module converts the light energy into electrical energy, and transmits the electrical energy to the power supply control unit;

Step 2) The power supply control unit analyzes the electricity collected by the solar panel. If the electricity collected per unit time is sufficient for the normal operation of the node, the excess electricity after the electricity is used by the node is stored in the lithium battery; less, but enough for solar video sensor nodes, the power will be directly used by the nodes; if the power collected per unit time is less and not enough to support the use of video sensor nodes, the power will be collected for sensor nodes and the nodes will be called from the lithium battery The power needed for the node to work normally;

Step 3) The power detection module sends the collected lithium battery real-time state, that is, the remaining power and voltage, to the microprocessor unit for processing;

Step 4) The energy management module adjusts the working mode of the sensor node according to the remaining power of the node and the energy that can be collected in a short period of time.

Step 5) the video sensor module starts to shoot video in real time after obtaining the electric power provided by solar cell or lithium battery or both together;

Step 6) The microprocessor unit interacts with the wireless communication module, the microprocessor unit processes the received battery status and the captured real-time video and sends it to the wireless communication module, and controls the work of the wireless communication module, and the processed broadcast data to the network.

Compared with existing technology, the beneficial effect of the present invention:

1. In view of the high energy consumption of the video sensor network nodes during transmission, the electric energy converted from solar energy is used in the present invention to further supply power to the nodes through the energy management module, so as to realize the energy saving and environmental protection of the video sensor network nodes, and greatly prolong the life of the sensor network nodes. At the same time, the problem of energy supply during video data transmission is solved.

2. The solar video sensor network node of the present invention also has the characteristics of simple structure, small size, strong practicability, and convenient maintenance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of solar energy collection video sensor network node structure;

Fig. 2 is the working flow chart of solar energy collection video sensor network node.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in further detail now in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

The Raspberry Pi-based solar harvesting video sensor network consists of multiple solar video sensor nodes. As shown in Figure 1, the solar video sensor node is composed of solar panels, lithium batteries, video sensors, wireless communication modules, energy management modules, and microprocessor units.

The energy management module is composed of a power supply control unit, a power detection unit and an energy collection unit; the video sensor is responsible for collecting real-time video data in the environment where the node is located; the power supply control unit can detect the electricity converted from sunlight collected by the solar panel, if the converted electricity is large, Then the solar battery supplies power to the node and stores the excess energy in the lithium battery. If the converted power is small but enough for the node to work, the solar battery only supplies power to the node. If the converted power of the solar panel is not enough for the node to work, Then the lithium battery makes up the remaining power required for the node to work; the power detection unit can read the voltage and remaining power of the lithium battery and send real-time monitoring of the voltage and power of all sensors to the base station or aggregation node through the wireless communication module to check whether the node is It can work normally; the energy harvesting unit can convert the light energy received by the solar panel into electrical energy for use by the sensor node.

The wireless communication module adopts Wi-Fi technology.

The workflow block diagram of the network node is shown in Figure 2, and the working steps are as follows:

Step 1) The solar panel collects light energy in an illuminated environment, and the energy collection unit in the energy management module converts the light energy into electrical energy, and transmits the electrical energy to the power supply control unit;

Step 2) The power supply control unit analyzes the electricity collected by the solar panel. If the electricity collected per unit time is sufficient for the normal operation of the node, the excess electricity after the electricity is used by the node is stored in the lithium battery; less, but enough for solar video sensor nodes, the power will be directly used by the nodes; if the power collected per unit time is less and not enough to support the use of video sensor nodes, the power will be collected for sensor nodes and the nodes will be called from the lithium battery The power needed for the node to work normally;

Step 3) The power detection module sends the collected lithium battery real-time state, that is, the remaining power and voltage, to the microprocessor unit for processing;

Step 4) The energy management module adjusts the working mode of the sensor node according to the remaining power of the node and the energy that can be collected in a short period of time.

Step 5) the video sensor module starts to shoot video in real time after obtaining the electric power provided by solar cell or lithium battery or both together;

Step 6) The microprocessor unit interacts with the wireless communication module, the microprocessor unit processes the received battery status and the captured real-time video and sends it to the wireless communication module, and controls the work of the wireless communication module, and the processed broadcast data to the network.

The overall working of the Raspberry Pi-based solar harvesting video sensor network is as follows:

Step 1) multiple sensor nodes are connected in the same Wi-Fi network;

Step 2) Each node sends the real-time video taken in its own environment and the status of the lithium battery of the node to the corresponding gateway or router through the wireless communication module after being processed by the microprocessor unit;

Step 3) The aggregation node or the base station can receive the video data sent by each sensor node, and detect the environment in real time.

It can be seen from the above description that compared with the existing technology, the network sensor node proposed by the present invention can work continuously without changing the limited battery, reducing node data problems and manpower caused by replacing or maintaining the sensor network node power supply module resource problem. In view of the high energy consumption of video sensor network nodes during transmission, in the present invention, the electric energy converted from solar energy is used to further supply power to the nodes through the energy management module, thereby realizing video sensor network nodes, energy saving and environmental protection, greatly prolonging the life of sensor network nodes, and solving the problem of video Energy supply problem during data transmission. At the same time, the network node also has the characteristics of simple structure, small size, strong practicability and convenient maintenance.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make some modifications and improvements without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these should also be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A kind of solar energy collection video sensor network based on raspberry pie, it is characterized in that, each node of sensor network comprises solar panel, rechargeable lithium battery, wireless communication module, video sensor, energy management module and microprocessor unit , the solar panel and the rechargeable lithium battery are connected with the energy management module, the other end of the energy management module is connected with the microprocessor unit, and the video sensor and the wireless communication module are connected with the microprocessor unit at the same time. 2. the solar energy collection video sensor network based on raspberry pie according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described energy management module is made up of power supply control unit, power monitoring unit and energy collection unit, and power supply control unit is used for management The power supply mode of sensor network nodes monitors the collection efficiency of solar energy in real time. If the conversion efficiency is high, the solar cells on the solar panel will supply power for the sensor network nodes and store the excess power in rechargeable lithium batteries. If the conversion efficiency is low but still If it is enough for the node to work, the solar battery only supplies power for the node. If the power provided by the solar battery is not enough for the node to work, the node is directly powered by a rechargeable lithium battery, and the solar battery collects power to supply the rechargeable lithium battery. 3. the solar energy collecting video sensor network based on raspberry pie according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described power detection unit can read lithium battery voltage and residual power, and send real-time monitoring all sensors by wireless communication module The voltage and power during work are given to the base station or the aggregation node. According to the remaining power of the node and the energy that can be collected in a short period of time, it is checked whether the node is working normally and the working mode is adjusted. 4. The solar energy collection video sensor network based on the Raspberry Pi according to claim 2, wherein the energy collection unit can convert the light energy received by the solar panel into electric energy for use by the sensor nodes. 5. the solar energy collecting video sensor network based on raspberry pie according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wireless communication module adopts Wi-Fi technology. 6. the solar energy collection video sensor network based on raspberry pie according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sensor network is made up of a plurality of video sensor nodes connected in the same Wi-Fi signal. 7. the solar energy gathering video sensor network based on raspberry pie according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described video sensor uses raspberry pie camera module. 8. the solar energy collecting video sensor network based on raspberry pie according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described microprocessor unit uses raspberry pie mainboard. 9. the power supply method based on the solar energy collection video sensor network based on raspberry pie according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: Step 1) The solar panel collects light energy in an illuminated environment, and the energy collection unit in the energy management module converts the light energy into electrical energy, and transmits the electrical energy to the power supply control unit; Step 2) The power supply control unit analyzes the electricity collected by the solar panel. If the electricity collected per unit time is sufficient for the normal operation of the node, the excess electricity after the electricity is used by the node is stored in the lithium battery; less, but enough for solar video sensor nodes, the power will be directly used by the nodes; if the power collected per unit time is less and not enough to support the use of video sensor nodes, the power will be collected for sensor nodes and the nodes will be called from the lithium battery The power needed for the node to work normally; Step 3) The power detection module sends the collected lithium battery real-time state, that is, the remaining power and voltage, to the microprocessor unit for processing; Step 4) The energy management module adjusts the working mode of the sensor node according to the remaining power of the node and the energy that can be collected in a short period of time. Step 5) the video sensor module starts to shoot video in real time after obtaining the electric power provided by solar cell or lithium battery or both together; Step 6) The microprocessor unit interacts with the wireless communication module, the microprocessor unit processes the received battery status and the captured real-time video and sends it to the wireless communication module, and controls the work of the wireless communication module, and the processed broadcast data to the network.