CN107834178A - A Microstrip Antenna and Energy Harvesting System - Google Patents

Abstract

the application discloses a microstrip antenna, which comprises a conductor patch and a ground plate, wherein the conductor patch and the ground plate are arranged on the surface of a dielectric substrate, the conductor patch comprises a square first patch, a rectangular second patch and an L-shaped third patch, the side length of the long edge of the second patch is larger than that of the first patch, the width of the third patch is equal to that of the first patch and smaller than that of the first patch, the first edge of the first patch is overlapped with the first long edge of the second patch, the second long edge of the second patch is overlapped with the top edge of the third patch, the second edge of the first patch, the first short edge of the second patch and the long outer edge of the third patch are in a straight line, the second short edge of the second patch is connected with an inner core of a feeder line, and the ground plate is connected with a shell of the feeder line.

Description

A Microstrip Antenna and Energy Harvesting System

technical field

The invention relates to the field of antenna equipment, in particular to a microstrip antenna and an energy collection system.

Background technique

Nowadays, electromagnetic waves are more and more widely used in our daily life, and there are more and more types of electromagnetic wave signals in the living space, such as base station signals, WIFI signals, GPS signals, etc.

The prior art uses a microstrip antenna to collect electromagnetic waves in the living space. The microstrip antenna includes a grounded dielectric plate and a radiating medium plate vertically arranged on the grounded dielectric plate and provided with a radiating unit. The shape of the radiating unit can be draped Needle-shaped, fan-shaped, spear-shaped or heart-shaped, etc., the shapes of the radiation elements on the same radiation medium plate are consistent, and the resonance center frequencies of the radiation elements of the same shape are the same. Therefore, the frequencies of the electromagnetic waves that can be collected by the radiating dielectric plate are basically the same, and the frequency range of the electromagnetic waves that can be collected is relatively small, which results in that the energy of the electromagnetic waves that can be collected is relatively small.

Therefore, how to more fully and effectively collect the energy of electromagnetic waves is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a microstrip antenna capable of collecting electromagnetic waves in a larger frequency band; another purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy harvesting system with the above beneficial effects.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a microstrip antenna, including a conductor patch and a ground plate arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate, the conductor patch includes a square first patch, a rectangular second patch and an L-shaped third patch;

The side length of the long side of the second patch is greater than the side length of the first patch, and the width of the third patch is equal to and smaller than the side length of the first patch;

The first side of the first patch coincides with the first long side of the second patch; the second long side of the second patch coincides with the top edge of the third patch; the first patch The second side of a patch is on a straight line with the first short side of the second patch and the long outer side of the third patch;

The second short side of the second patch is connected to the inner core of the feeder, and the outer shell of the feeder is connected to the ground plate.

Preferably, it further includes a coupling ground wire disposed on the surface of the dielectric substrate, the coupling ground wire is located at a side of the first patch, and is used for coupling with the conductor patch to form a resonance point.

Preferably, the coupled ground wire includes rectangular fourth and fifth patches and an L-shaped sixth patch;

The width of the sixth patch is equal everywhere, and the length of the long side of the fourth patch is greater than the sum of the length of the short side of the fifth patch and the width of the sixth patch;

The first short side of the fourth patch and the first long side of the fifth patch are on the same straight line as the second side of the first patch; the first short side of the fifth patch Both sides and the top edge of the sixth patch coincide with the second long side of the fourth patch;

The long inner side of the sixth patch is aligned parallel to the second short side of the fourth patch; the bottom edge of the sixth patch is connected to the ground plate.

Preferably, it further includes a metal plate disposed under the dielectric substrate, and the metal plate is used to reflect the received electromagnetic wave in the same phase.

Preferably, the metal plate is specifically an artificial magnetic conductor reflection plate provided with metal patches.

Preferably, the metal patch is specifically a ring-shaped microstrip line, and the ring-shaped microstrip line starts from the head end and circles outward at an angle of 90°, and the distance between the rings is equal.

Preferably, a plurality of said annular microstrip lines are distributed in the form of an array.

Preferably, the annular microstrip line specifically includes eight 90° turning angles; the ring pitch is specifically 3.54mm, the width of the annular microstrip line is specifically 3.54mm, and the distance from the head end to the first turning angle is The length of the start line is specifically 3.31mm, and the length of the end line from the end to the eighth turning angle is specifically 24.55mm.

Preferably, the side length of the first patch is specifically 9mm;

The length of the long side of the second patch is specifically 16mm, and the length of the short side of the second patch is specifically 4mm;

The width of the third patch is specifically 3mm, the length of the long outer side of the third patch is specifically 16mm, and the length of the short outer side of the third patch is specifically 8mm;

The length of the long side of the fourth patch is specifically 14mm, and the length of the short side of the fourth patch is specifically 4.2mm;

The length of the long side of the fifth patch is specifically 19.3mm, and the length of the short side of the fifth patch is specifically 7mm;

The width of the sixth patch is 3 mm, the length of the long outer side of the sixth patch is specifically 33.8 mm, and the length of the short outer side of the sixth patch is specifically 9 mm.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides an energy harvesting system, including a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, a control system, and an energy storage module connected in sequence, and further includes any one of the above-mentioned microstrip antennas, the microstrip antenna and The rectifier circuit is connected.

The microstrip antenna provided by the present invention includes a conductor patch and a ground plate arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate, and the conductor patch includes a square first patch, a rectangular second patch and an L-shaped third patch ; The side length of the long side of the second patch is greater than the side length of the first patch, and the width of the third patch is equal to and smaller than the side length of the first patch; the first side of the first patch and the second patch coincide with the first long side of the second patch; the second long side of the second patch coincides with the top edge of the third patch; the second side of the first patch coincides with the first short side of the second patch and the The long outer sides are on a straight line; the second short side of the second patch is connected to the inner core of the feeder, and the grounding plate is connected to the shell of the feeder. A conductor patch structure with a combination of multiple patches is used. Due to the different shapes of each patch, the resonance center frequency of each patch antenna is different, and the resonance bandwidths of each patch cross each other, so that the overall bandwidth of the entire microstrip antenna widen. Therefore, the above-mentioned microstrip antenna can be used to collect electromagnetic waves in a wider frequency range, increasing the possibility of collecting energy.

The energy harvesting system provided by the present invention includes a rectification circuit, a filter circuit, a control system and an energy storage module, and further includes any one of the above-mentioned microstrip antennas, and has the above-mentioned beneficial effects.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only For some embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microstrip antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another microstrip antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the return loss curve diagram of the microstrip antenna shown in Fig. 2;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of an artificial magnetic conductor reflector in another microstrip antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a structural top view of another microstrip antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the reflection phase graph of the microstrip antenna shown in Fig. 4 to the electromagnetic wave;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy harvesting system provided in this embodiment;

The reference signs are as follows:

10 is the dielectric substrate located under the conductor patch, 20 is the ground plate; 21 is the first patch, 22 is the second patch, 23 is the third patch; 24 is the fourth patch, 25 is the fifth patch , 26 is the sixth patch; 30 is the dielectric substrate of the artificial magnetic conductor reflector; 40 is the annular microstrip line on the artificial magnetic conductor reflector; 50 is the foam board.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The core of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a microstrip antenna capable of collecting electromagnetic waves in a larger frequency band.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microstrip antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the microstrip antenna specifically includes:

The conductor patch and the grounding plate 20 arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate 10, the conductor patch includes a square first patch 21, a rectangular second patch 22 and an L-shaped third patch 23; the second patch The side length of the long side of the sheet 22 is greater than the side length of the first patch 21, and the width of the third patch 23 is everywhere equal and less than the side length of the first patch 21; The first long side of the patch 22 coincides; the second long side of the second patch 22 coincides with the top edge of the third patch 23; the second side of the first patch 21 and the first short side of the second patch 22 The side and the long outer side of the third patch 23 are on a straight line.

It should be noted that a common microstrip antenna is provided with a conductor patch and a ground plate 20 on the dielectric substrate 10, and the conductor patch is fed by a microstrip line or a coaxial probe. In this embodiment, the shape of the conductor patch is an irregular pattern, specifically, it can be regarded as composed of a square first patch 21 , a rectangular second patch 22 and an L-shaped third patch 23 . Specifically, the side length of the long side of the second patch 22 is greater than the side length of the first patch 21, and the width of the third patch 23 is equal to and smaller than the side length of the first patch 21, that is, the third patch 23 The side length of the top side and the side length of the bottom side are equal, and the side length of the top side and the side length of the bottom side are all less than the side length of the first sticker 21; the first side of the first sticker 21 and the second sticker The first long side of the sheet 22 coincides; the second long side of the second patch 22 coincides with the top edge of the third patch 23; the second side of the first patch 21 and the first short side of the second patch 22 And the long outer sides of the third patch 23 are on a straight line. It can be understood that the above three parts of the conductor patch are integrated, if they are spliced, the signal effect will be poor. In this embodiment, it is divided into three parts just to describe its structure. In addition, other shapes may be added to this structure in practical applications, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Specifically, a conductor patch with a predetermined shape can be manufactured by photolithography and etching, and the conductor patch can be placed on the dielectric substrate 10 by deposition or attachment. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the manner of manufacturing the conductor patch and the manner of placing the conductor patch on the dielectric substrate 10 are not limited.

The second short side of the second patch 22 is connected to the inner core of the feeder, and the outer shell of the feeder is connected to the ground plate 20 .

It should be noted that the microstrip antenna needs to be connected to the transmitter or receiver through the feeder, and the usual feeding methods include coaxial probe feeding method, microstrip feeding method and so on. It should be noted that the coaxial line feed is also called back feed, the feed line can be selected at any desired position in the conductor patch, the feed line is placed under the ground plate 20, and the conductor patch is located on the ground plate 20 The two sides of the antenna avoid the influence on the radiation performance of the antenna. Specifically, the ground plate 20 is a simulated actual PCB circuit board, generally a metal structure. In this implementation, the way of coaxial feeding is adopted. The inner core of the feeder passes through the dielectric substrate 10 and is connected to the second short side of the second patch 22 of the conductor patch. The position of the second short side of the patch 22 is connected to achieve a better feeding effect.

For the microstrip antenna, the thickness and material of the dielectric substrate 10 directly affect the bandwidth and efficiency of the microstrip antenna for collecting electromagnetic waves. Specifically, the relative permittivity of the dielectric substrate 10 , the dielectric loss angle of the dielectric substrate 10 and the thickness of the dielectric substrate 10 are all main factors affecting the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna for receiving electromagnetic waves. In a specific implementation, the dielectric substrate 10 is generally made of materials such as FR4 (glass fiber epoxy resin), F4B (polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth) or ceramics. As a preferred embodiment, it is possible to appropriately reduce the relative permittivity of the dielectric substrate 10, increase the thickness of the dielectric substrate 10, or increase the tangent of the dielectric loss angle of the dielectric substrate 10 to increase the electromagnetic wave that the microstrip antenna can collect. bandwidth. In this embodiment, the material and thickness of the dielectric substrate 10 are not limited.

The microstrip antenna provided in this embodiment includes a conductor patch and a ground plate arranged on the surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the conductor patch includes a square first patch, a rectangular second patch and an L-shaped first patch. Three patches; the side length of the long side of the second patch is greater than the side length of the first patch, and the width of the third patch is equal to and smaller than the side length of the first patch; the first side of the first patch is the same as the first patch The first long side of the two patches coincides; the second long side of the second patch coincides with the top edge of the third patch; the second side of the first patch and the first short side of the second patch and the third The long outer sides of the patch are on a straight line; the second short side of the second patch is connected to the inner core of the feeder, and the grounding plate is connected to the shell of the feeder. A conductor patch structure with a combination of multiple patches is used. Due to the different shapes of each patch, the resonance center frequency of each patch antenna is different, and the resonance bandwidths of each patch cross each other, so that the overall bandwidth of the entire microstrip antenna widen. Therefore, the above-mentioned microstrip antenna can be used to collect electromagnetic waves in a wider frequency range, increasing the possibility of collecting energy.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another microstrip antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment further explains and optimizes the technical solution. Specifically, as shown in the figure, it further includes a coupling ground wire arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate 10. The coupling ground wire is located on the side of the first patch 21 for Coupled with a conductor patch to form a resonance point.

Specifically, the patch material for coupling the ground wire may be the same material as the conductor patch, both of which are metal materials, or may be other materials that can be used for coupling with the conductor patch, which is not limited in this embodiment. Similarly, the coupled ground wires of a certain shape can be manufactured by methods such as photolithography, etc., and the coupled ground wires can also be placed on the dielectric substrate 10 by deposition or attachment. It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the manner of manufacturing the ground coupling wire and the manner of placing the ground coupling wire on the dielectric substrate 10 .

It should be noted that the coupling ground wire is located on the side of the first patch 21 and is separated from the first patch 21 by a preset distance, so as to achieve the effect of coupling with the conductor patch. The preset distance can be set according to actual needs, or can be determined by testing the actual distance between the coupling ground wire and the first patch 21 when the best coupling effect can be achieved, which is not done in this embodiment limited. The coupled ground wire is coupled with the conductor patch to form two resonance points, thereby further increasing the bandwidth of collecting electromagnetic waves.

The coupled ground wire includes a rectangular fourth patch 24 and a fifth patch 25 and an L-shaped sixth patch 26; the width of the sixth patch 26 is equal everywhere, and the sides of the long sides of the fourth patch 24 Longer than the sum of the side length of the short side of the fifth patch 25 and the width of the sixth patch 26; the first short side of the fourth patch 24 and the first long side of the fifth patch 25 and the first patch 21 on the same straight line; the first short side of the fifth patch 25 and the top edge of the sixth patch 26 coincide with the second long side of the fourth patch 24; the sixth patch 26 The long inner side is parallel to the second short side of the fourth patch 24 ; the bottom side of the sixth patch 26 is connected to the ground plate 20 .

It should be noted that the shape of the coupling ground wire is also an irregular pattern, specifically, it can be regarded as composed of rectangular fourth patch 24 and fifth patch 25 and an L-shaped sixth patch 26 . Specifically, the width of the sixth patch 26 is equal everywhere, that is, the length of the top side of the L-shape is equal to the side length of the bottom side. The side length of the long side of the fourth patch 24 is greater than the sum of the side length of the short side of the fifth patch 25 and the width of the sixth patch 26; therefore the first short side of the fifth patch 25 and the sixth patch The top sides of 26 all coincide with the second long side of the fourth patch 24, and the first short side of the fourth patch 24 and the first long side of the fifth patch 25 coincide with the second side of the first patch 21. On the same straight line, when the long inner side of the sixth patch 26 is aligned parallel to the second short side of the fourth patch 42, the distance between the second long side of the fifth patch 25 and the long outer edge of the sixth patch 26 There is a gap between them, and none of the fourth patch, the fifth patch and the sixth patch overlap. It can also be understood that the above three parts of the coupling ground wire are integrated, and if they are spliced, the signal effect will be poor. In this embodiment, it is divided into three parts only to describe its structure. In addition, other shapes may be added to this structure in practical applications, which is not limited in this embodiment.

The microstrip antenna provided by this embodiment, on the basis of the above-mentioned beneficial effects, by adding a coupling ground wire, the coupling ground wire and the conductor patch are coupled to form two resonance points, thereby further increasing the electromagnetic wave that the microstrip antenna can collect bandwidth.

FIG. 3 is a return loss curve diagram of the microstrip antenna shown in FIG. 2 .

Please refer to FIG. 2 , this embodiment further explains and optimizes the technical solution. Specifically, the side length of the first patch 21 of the conductor patch is specifically 9mm; the length of the long side of the second patch 22 is specifically 16mm, the length of the short side of the second patch 22 is specifically 4mm; the width of the third patch 23 is specifically 3mm, and the length of the long outer side of the third patch 23 is specifically 16mm, and the length of the short side of the third patch 23 is The length is specifically 8 mm.

It should be noted that the long outer side of the third patch 23 of the conductor patch is aligned with the first side of the dielectric substrate 10, and the short side of the third patch 23 is aligned with the second side of the dielectric substrate 10 in parallel. At this time, the dielectric The size of the substrate 10 is the smallest, and the size of the entire microstrip antenna is the smallest, which is convenient for use in terminal electronic equipment and other instruments.

Specifically, the length of the long side of the fourth patch 24 in the coupling ground wire is specifically 14mm, the length of the short side of the fourth patch 24 is specifically 4.2mm; the length of the long side of the fifth patch 25 is specifically 19.3mm , the length of the short side of the fifth patch 25 is specifically 7mm; the width of the sixth patch 26 is 3mm, the length of the long outer edge of the sixth patch 26 is specifically 33.8mm, and the length of the short outer edge of the sixth patch 26 Specifically 9mm.

As shown in Figure 3, it should be noted that the experimental test results show that the microstrip antenna adopts the conductor patch of the above size to couple with the coupling ground, and can collect electromagnetic waves with a wider bandwidth. The microstrip antenna collects electromagnetic waves below -10dB The frequency band ranges from 1.31GHz to 2.8GHz, which means that the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna below -10dB is 1.49GHz.

On the basis of the above embodiments, this embodiment further explains and optimizes the technical solution. Specifically, it further includes a metal plate disposed under the dielectric substrate 10, and the metal plate is used to reflect received electromagnetic waves in the same phase.

It should be noted that the material of the metal plate may be copper, or other materials that can be used to reflect electromagnetic waves in the same phase, which is not limited in this embodiment. In this embodiment, in order to increase the gain above the microstrip antenna, the metal plate is arranged below the dielectric substrate 10 to receive electromagnetic waves from above and reflect the received electromagnetic waves in the same phase, so that the energy of the electromagnetic waves collected by the microstrip antenna stronger. Similarly, if the gain under the microstrip antenna is to be increased, the metal plate is placed above the dielectric substrate 10 .

Because when the metal plate achieves the same phase reflection effect, that is, when the phase of the reflected wave is the same as that of the incident wave, the distance between the metal plate and the dielectric substrate 10 needs to be a quarter of the wavelength, which is about 31mm, so that the entire microstrip The structure of the antenna will be relatively large, which will cause a lot of inconvenience in use.

As a preferred embodiment, the metal plate is specifically an artificial magnetic conductor reflection plate provided with metal patches.

Specifically, the artificial magnetic conductor reflector generally includes a dielectric substrate and metal patches periodically arranged on the dielectric substrate, and the artificial magnetic conductor reflector has the same-phase reflection characteristic of an ideal magnetic wall to a plane wave. The artificial magnetic conductor reflector only needs to be separated from the dielectric substrate 10 by a few millimeters to reflect electromagnetic waves in the same phase, and the gain and radiation efficiency of the microstrip antenna will be significantly increased. In this embodiment, the specific size of the artificial magnetic conductor reflector is not limited, but it needs to be ensured that the size of the artificial magnetic conductor reflector is larger than the size of the dielectric substrate 10 .

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an artificial magnetic conductor reflector in another microstrip antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a structural top view of another microstrip antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure shown in Fig. 4 The reflection phase curve of the microstrip antenna to the electromagnetic wave is shown.

On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, this embodiment further explains and optimizes the technical solution. Specifically, the metal patch of the artificial magnetic conductor reflector is specifically an annular microstrip line 40, and the annular microstrip line 40 consists of a head end From the outside, it circles outward at an angle of 90°, and the distance between the rings is equal.

It should be noted that the artificial magnetic conductor reflector includes a dielectric substrate 30 and an annular microstrip line 40 , and the annular microstrip line 40 is disposed on the surface of the dielectric substrate 30 . The material of the annular microstrip line 40 may be the same as that of the conductor patch, or other materials capable of reflecting electromagnetic waves in the same phase, which is not limited in this embodiment. The annular microstrip line 40 is a stripline, starting from the head end and wrapping outward at an angle of 90°. The direction of the head end may be downward or other directions, which is not limited in this embodiment. Starting from the head end, it expands outwards from the center, which can be clockwise or counterclockwise, and there is no limitation on the direction of the circle. It should be noted that the length of the annular microstrip line 40 affects the inductance of the artificial magnetic conductor reflector, that is to say, the longer the length from the head end to the end, the greater the inductance; the spacing of the annular microstrip line 40 affects the inductance of the artificial magnetic conductor reflector. The larger the spacing, the larger the capacitance of the capacitance of the reflector; the inductance and capacitance together affect the resonance point of the artificial magnetic conductor reflector, and then affect the frequency band of the same phase reflected electromagnetic wave.

A plurality of annular microstrip lines 40 are distributed in the form of an array.

Specifically, the annular microstrip lines 40 of the artificial magnetic conductor reflector are distributed on the surface of the dielectric substrate 30 in the form of an array, and there is a preset interval between adjacent annular microstrip lines 40 . The area of the artificial magnetic conductor reflector is larger than the area of the dielectric substrate 10 , that is, each side of the dielectric substrate 10 is located within the area of the array formed by the annular microstrip lines 40 .

The dielectric substrate 10 is placed on the artificial magnetic conductor reflector, and there is a fixed distance between the dielectric substrate 10 and the artificial magnetic conductor reflector. It should be noted that the fixed distance between the dielectric substrate 10 and the artificial magnetic conductor reflector can be realized by the foam board 50 . Specifically, the foam board 50 is placed between the dielectric substrate 10 and the artificial magnetic conductor reflection plate, and the thickness of the foam board 50 is the interval length of a fixed distance, so that neither the dielectric substrate 10 nor the artificial magnetic conductor reflection plate are in contact with each other. Again there is a fixed distance interval. Specifically, the foam board 50 is placed under the dielectric substrate 10 , and the artificial magnetic conductor reflection plate is placed under the foam board 50 . Generally, the area of the foam board 50 is not limited. In this embodiment, a foam board 50 having the same shape and area as the dielectric substrate 10 is used, and the foam board 50 is completely overlapped and placed under the dielectric substrate 10, and The dielectric substrate 10 and the foam board 50 are placed on the artificial magnetic conductor reflector. In this way, the influence of the foam board 50 on the reflection of electromagnetic waves by the artificial magnetic conductor reflector 40 can be reduced.

Specifically, the annular microstrip line 40 specifically includes eight 90° turning angles; the width a1 of the annular microstrip line 40 is specifically 3.54 mm, the ring spacing b1 is specifically 3.54 mm, and the starting line from the head end to the first turning angle R1 Specifically, the length is 3.31 mm, and the length from the end to the termination line of the eighth turning angle R8 is specifically 24.55 mm.

It should be noted that the first turning angle R1 is specifically the junction of the first straight line segment C1 and the second straight line segment C2, and the second turning angle R2 is specifically the junction of the second straight line segment C2 and the third straight line segment C3. By analogy, the eighth turning angle R8 is specifically the junction of the eighth straight line segment C8 and the ninth straight line segment C9. The length of the starting line from the head end to the first turning angle R1 is specifically 3.31 mm, that is to say, the length of the first straight line segment C1 is 3.31 mm, and the length of the ending line from the end to the eighth turning angle R8 is specifically 24.55 mm. That is to say, the length of the ninth straight line segment C9 is specifically 24.55 mm.

It should be noted that in this embodiment, the purpose of dividing the annular microstrip line into turning angles and straight segments is to describe the shape characteristics of the annular microstrip line. It should be noted that the annular microstrip line described by other description methods , if the shape is the same as that of the annular microstrip line described in this embodiment, it falls within the protection scope of this embodiment.

The microstrip antenna provided in this embodiment uses an artificial magnetic conductor reflector with a ring-shaped microstrip line array to reflect electromagnetic waves in the same phase. As shown in Figure 6, it is found through experimental testing that the frequency band width of the positive phase of the reflected electromagnetic wave is 2.4GHz, that is, the frequency band ranges from 1.2GHz to 3.6GHz, which completely covers the frequency bandwidth of the collected electromagnetic wave, that is to say, this The electromagnetic wave energy collected by the microstrip antenna provided in the embodiment is stronger. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy harvesting system provided in this embodiment.

The embodiment of a microstrip antenna provided by the present invention is described in detail above, and the present invention also provides an energy harvesting system including the microstrip antenna 71 . As shown in the figure, specifically, the energy harvesting system further includes a rectification circuit 72 , a filter circuit 73 , a control system 74 and an energy storage module 75 . The rectification circuit 72 of the energy harvesting system is connected to the microstrip antenna 71, the rectification circuit 72, the filter circuit 73, the control system 74 and the energy storage module 75 are connected in sequence, and the energy harvesting system collects electromagnetic wave energy in a wider range through the microstrip antenna 51, After being processed by the rectifier circuit 72 , the filter circuit 73 , and the control system 74 , the electromagnetic wave is converted into electrical energy, which is finally stored in the energy storage module 75 .

The energy harvesting system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a rectification circuit, a filter circuit, a control system, and an energy storage module, and further includes any one of the above-mentioned microstrip antennas, and has the above-mentioned beneficial effects.

Finally, it should also be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply that these entities or operations, any such actual relationship or order exists. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.

Above, the microstrip antenna and energy harvesting system provided by the present invention have been introduced in detail. In this paper, specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention. and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and scope of application. limits.

Claims (10)

1. A microstrip antenna, comprising a conductor patch and a ground plate arranged on the surface of a dielectric substrate, characterized in that the conductor patch comprises a square first patch, a rectangular second patch and a L-shaped patch. Shaped third patch; The side length of the long side of the second patch is greater than the side length of the first patch, and the width of the third patch is equal to and smaller than the side length of the first patch; The first side of the first patch coincides with the first long side of the second patch; the second long side of the second patch coincides with the top edge of the third patch; the first patch The second side of a patch is on a straight line with the first short side of the second patch and the long outer side of the third patch; The second short side of the second patch is connected to the inner core of the feeder, and the outer shell of the feeder is connected to the ground plate. 2. The microstrip antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a coupling ground wire arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate, the coupling ground wire being located on the side of the first patch, for connecting with The conductor patches are coupled to form a resonance point. 3. The microstrip antenna according to claim 2, wherein the coupled ground wire includes rectangular fourth and fifth patches and an L-shaped sixth patch; The width of the sixth patch is equal everywhere, and the length of the long side of the fourth patch is greater than the sum of the length of the short side of the fifth patch and the width of the sixth patch; The first short side of the fourth patch and the first long side of the fifth patch are on the same straight line as the second side of the first patch; the first short side of the fifth patch Both sides and the top edge of the sixth patch coincide with the second long side of the fourth patch; The long inner side of the sixth patch is aligned parallel to the second short side of the fourth patch; the bottom edge of the sixth patch is connected to the ground plate. 4 . The microstrip antenna according to claim 1 , further comprising a metal plate disposed under the dielectric substrate, and the metal plate is used for reflecting the received electromagnetic wave with the same phase. 5 . The microstrip antenna according to claim 4 , wherein the metal plate is specifically an artificial magnetic conductor reflection plate provided with a metal patch. 6. The microstrip antenna according to claim 5, wherein the metal patch is specifically a ring-shaped microstrip line, and the ring-shaped microstrip line starts from the head end and circles outward at an angle of 90°, and the ring equally spaced. 7. The microstrip antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, a plurality of said annular microstrip lines are distributed in the form of an array. 8. The microstrip antenna according to claim 7, wherein the annular microstrip line specifically includes 8 90° turning angles; the ring spacing is specifically 3.54mm, and the width of the annular microstrip line is specifically The length from the head end to the starting line of the first turning angle is specifically 3.31 mm, and the length from the end to the ending line of the eighth turning angle is specifically 24.55 mm. 9. The microstrip antenna according to claim 8, wherein the side length of the first patch is specifically 9mm; The length of the long side of the second patch is specifically 16mm, and the length of the short side of the second patch is specifically 4mm; The width of the third patch is specifically 3mm, the length of the long outer side of the third patch is specifically 16mm, and the length of the short outer side of the third patch is specifically 8mm; The length of the long side of the fourth patch is specifically 14mm, and the length of the short side of the fourth patch is specifically 4.2mm; The length of the long side of the fifth patch is specifically 19.3mm, and the length of the short side of the fifth patch is specifically 7mm; The width of the sixth patch is 3 mm, the length of the long outer side of the sixth patch is specifically 33.8 mm, and the length of the short outer side of the sixth patch is specifically 9 mm. 10. An energy harvesting system, comprising a rectification circuit, a filter circuit, a control system and an energy storage module connected in sequence, characterized in that it further comprises a microstrip antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, said microstrip antenna The belt antenna is connected with the rectification circuit.