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CN107821910A - 一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构 - Google Patents

一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构 Download PDF

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CN107821910A
CN107821910A CN201711246807.3A CN201711246807A CN107821910A CN 107821910 A CN107821910 A CN 107821910A CN 201711246807 A CN201711246807 A CN 201711246807A CN 107821910 A CN107821910 A CN 107821910A
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elongate strip
nozzle
slender
jet nozzle
flow guiding
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谢晶
柳雨嫣
王金锋
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Shanghai Maritime University
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Shanghai Maritime University
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Priority to CN201711246807.3A priority Critical patent/CN107821910A/zh
Priority to JP2018562579A priority patent/JP2020511622A/ja
Priority to EP17910495.5A priority patent/EP3513661B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/117616 priority patent/WO2019104786A1/zh
Publication of CN107821910A publication Critical patent/CN107821910A/zh
Priority to US16/207,019 priority patent/US10602760B2/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D13/00—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms
    • F25D13/06—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
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    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
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    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
    • F25D25/04—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled by conveyors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F25D3/11—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • B05B1/005—Nozzles or other outlets specially adapted for discharging one or more gases
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    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
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Abstract

一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构，包括细长条锥形导流槽、细长射流喷嘴、传送板带，细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴特征在于：细长条锥形导流槽（1）、细长射流喷嘴（2）和传送板带（3）的厚度为1‑5mm；所述细长条锥形导流槽（1）为包括上端开口和下端开口的中空倒细长椭圆锥台形，导流槽的上端开口与细长椭圆形开孔连接，导流槽的下端开口连接喷嘴的入口，喷嘴为中空细长椭圆柱形。本发明可以有效地提高冻结区域的换热强度，提高速冻机的冻结效率，有效地改善传统喷嘴结构不能同时兼顾较高冻结效率和换热不均匀的缺陷。

Description

一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构
技术领域
本发明属于速冻食品机械领域，涉及一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构。
背景技术
鼓风速冻机是速冻食品加工领域的常用设备，其中的冲击式速冻机以其较高的对流换热系数越来越成为速冻机制造厂家及科研工作者密切关注的对象。速冻机静压箱内的气流通过喷嘴结构释放出高速气流是实现冲击效果的关键，而冲击效果在很大程度上取决于喷嘴结构的结构与尺寸。现有冲击式速冻机的喷嘴结构多为圆形开孔板式结构，然而此种结构存在冻结区域冻品冻结速率低和降温过程均匀性较低的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的至少在于提供一种能够提高冻结区域冻品冻结速率低和降温过程均匀性的冲击式速冻机射流喷嘴结构。
为实现上述目，本发明提供了一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构包括细长条锥形导流槽、细长射流喷嘴、传送板带；细长条漏斗状喷嘴结构特征在于：细长条锥形导流槽（1）、细长射流喷嘴（2）和传送板带（3）的厚度为1-5mm；
所述细长条锥形导流槽（1）为包括上端开口和下端开口的中空倒细长椭圆锥台形，导流槽的上端开口与细长椭圆形开孔连接，导流槽的下端开口连接喷嘴的入口，喷嘴为中空细长椭圆柱形；
细长条锥形导流槽（1）排列方式为线性排列，且两个相邻的细长条锥形导流槽（1）的间距为70-90mm；细长条锥形导流槽（1）上端开口的长度为55-60mm，两侧半圆直径为40-50mm，高度为30-50mm；所述的两个相邻的细长条锥形导流槽（1）的间距为两个细长椭圆形孔几何中心之间的距离；
细长射流喷嘴（2）出口截面的长度为15-20mm，两侧半圆直径为4-6mm，高度为20-40mm；传送板带（3）位于细长射流喷嘴（2）正下方，且传送板带（3）与细长射流喷嘴（2）之间的距离为20-40mm。
在一个实施方式中，细长条锥形导流槽（1）、细长射流喷嘴（2）和传送板带（3）的厚度为1-3mm。
在一个实施方式中，细长条锥形导流槽（1）、细长射流喷嘴（2）和传送板带（3）的厚度为2mm。
在一个实施方式中，细长条锥形导流槽（1）排列方式为线性排列，且两个相邻的细长条锥形导流槽（1）的间距为75-85mm。
在一个实施方式中，两个相邻的细长条锥形导流槽（1）的间距为80mm。
在一个实施方式中，细长条锥形导流槽（1）上端开口的长度为57mm，两侧半圆直径为45mm，高度为40mm。
在一个实施方式中，细长射流喷嘴（2）出口截面的长度为17mm，两侧半圆直径为5mm，高度为30mm。
在一个实施方式中，传送板带（3）与细长射流喷嘴（2）之间的距离为30mm。
本发明提供的上述技术方案可以有效地提高冻品的冻结速率和改善冻品降温过程的均匀性，改善传统结构在食品冷冻加工过程中不同位置处冻品降温速率存在的较大差异性，提高冻品质量。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构三维示意图。
图2是本发明一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构俯视图。
图3是本发明一种细长条漏斗状喷嘴结主视图。
图1中，1、细长条锥形导流槽；2、细长射流喷嘴；3、传送板带。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的操作流程与创作特征易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。
细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴包括细长条锥形导流槽1、细长射流喷嘴2、传送板带3；细长条漏斗状喷嘴结构特征在于：细长条锥形导流槽（1）、细长射流喷嘴（2）和传送板带（3）的厚度为1-5mm；
所述细长条锥形导流槽（1）为包括上端开口和下端开口的中空倒细长椭圆锥台形，导流槽的上端开口与细长椭圆形开孔连接，导流槽的下端开口连接喷嘴的入口，喷嘴为中空细长椭圆柱形；
细长条锥形导流槽（1）排列方式为线性排列，且两个相邻的细长条锥形导流槽（1）的间距为70-90mm；细长条锥形导流槽（1）上端开口的长度为55-60mm，两侧半圆直径为40-50mm，高度为30-50mm；所述的两个相邻的细长条锥形导流槽（1）的间距为两个细长椭圆形孔几何中心之间的距离；
细长射流喷嘴（2）出口截面的长度为15-20mm，两侧半圆直径为4-6mm，高度为20-40mm；传送板带（3）位于细长射流喷嘴（2）正下方，且传送板带（3）与细长射流喷嘴（2）之间的距离为20-40mm。
来自蒸发器的低温空气被速冻机的风机吸入后升压流出，经过静压箱后进入射流喷嘴，在经过喷嘴喷射后从喷嘴结构的出口流出进入蒸发器进行换热，然后再次被风机吸入进入下一个循环。
和传统的圆形开孔板式结构相比较，采用本发明提供的上述射流喷嘴结构，能够大幅提高传送板带表面的换热强度，提高冻品的冻结速率，同时由于喷嘴出口的速度有很大的提高，改善了冻结区域内的流动，从而改善了冻品降温过程的均匀性，因此提高了冻品质量。
以速冻机静压箱尺寸为 600*600*600mm为例，孔板尺寸为600*600*2mm，对细长条漏斗状喷嘴进行了数值模拟，作为对比选择了细长椭圆开孔的孔板结构作为对比。模拟的流体为空气，进行了下列假设：①空气为不可压缩流体②模型在正常运行过程中，内部的流场视为稳态③静压箱壁面视为绝热。本模型采用k—ε湍流模型，由于在冲击过程中有温度的变化，故开启能量方程。压力入口边界条件为Pin=250Pa，压力出口边界条件Pout=0Pa。对于冻结区域，入口温度设置为230K，出口温度为235K。传送带作为传送板带处理，其热导率为16.3W/（m*℃）。
通过数值模拟优选，细长条锥形导流槽1、细长射流喷嘴2和传送板带3的厚度为2mm；细长条锥形导流槽1排列方式为线性排列，且两个相邻的细长条锥形导流槽1的间距为80mm；细长条锥形导流槽1上端开口的长度为57mm，两侧半圆直径为45mm，高度为40mm；细长射流喷嘴2出口截面的长度为17mm，两侧半圆直径为5mm，高度为30mm；传送板带3位于细长射流喷嘴2正下方，且传送板带3和细长射流喷嘴2之间的距离为30mm。
通过对速冻机冻结区域进行数值模拟，模拟结果表明：在喷嘴出口面积相同的情况下，细长条漏斗状喷嘴结构下传送板带表面平均努塞尔数为159.89，传统开孔平板上的细长条喷嘴下平均努塞尔数为146.06，可以看出这种新型细长条漏斗状喷嘴结构下换热的平均Nu数约提高了9.47%，同时Nu数分布的均匀性更好。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (8)

1.一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构包括细长条锥形导流槽、细长射流喷嘴、传送板带；细长条漏斗状喷嘴结构特征在于：细长条锥形导流槽（1）、细长射流喷嘴（2）和传送板带（3）的厚度为1-5mm；
所述细长条锥形导流槽（1）为包括上端开口和下端开口的中空倒细长椭圆锥台形，导流槽的上端开口与细长椭圆形开孔连接，导流槽的下端开口连接喷嘴的入口，喷嘴为中空细长椭圆柱形；
细长条锥形导流槽（1）排列方式为线性排列，且两个相邻的细长条锥形导流槽（1）的间距为70-90mm；细长条锥形导流槽（1）上端开口的长度为55-60mm，两侧半圆直径为40-50mm，高度为30-50mm；所述的两个相邻的细长条锥形导流槽（1）的间距为两个细长椭圆形孔几何中心之间的距离；
细长射流喷嘴（2）出口截面的长度为15-20mm，两侧半圆直径为4-6mm，高度为20-40mm；传送板带（3）位于细长射流喷嘴（2）正下方，且传送板带（3）与细长射流喷嘴（2）之间的距离为20-40mm。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构，其特征在于：
细长条锥形导流槽（1）、细长射流喷嘴（2）和传送板带（3）的厚度为1-3mm。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构，其特征在于：细长条锥形导流槽（1）、细长射流喷嘴（2）和传送板带（3）的厚度为2mm。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构，其特征在于：
细长条锥形导流槽（1）排列方式为线性排列，且两个相邻的细长条锥形导流槽（1）的间距为75-85mm。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构，其特征在于：
两个相邻的细长条锥形导流槽（1）的间距为80mm。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构，其特征在于：
细长条锥形导流槽（1）上端开口的长度为57mm，两侧半圆直径为45mm，高度为40mm。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构，其特征在于：细长射流喷嘴（2）出口截面的长度为17mm，两侧半圆直径为5mm，高度为30mm。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构，其特征在于：传送板带（3）与细长射流喷嘴（2）之间的距离为30mm。
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