CN107828786A - 靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的sgRNA及应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的sgRNA及应用,其具有下列核苷酸序列之一:a、sgRNA1:TCCGCGGCTCTAACCGCATCGGG;b、sgRNA2:ACCCGATGCGGTTAGAGCCGCGG;该sgRNA对PIK3CA基因的切割效率高;将含有该sgRNA的CRISPR‑Cas9系统质粒转染到乳腺癌SK‑BR‑3细胞株中,得到的细胞株PI3K蛋白表达水平显著降低。因此,本发明提供的sgRNA能有效靶向敲除PIK3CA基因,从而有利于研究细胞株中PI3K低表达后的作用机制,为以PIK3CA基因为靶点的肿瘤细胞研究做出重要贡献。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,特别涉及一种靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的sgRNA及应用。
背景技术
PIK3CA基因定位于3q26.3,长34kb,包含20个外显子。目前普遍认为PIK3CA是一种癌基因,其突变在结肠癌、脑癌、乳腺癌、肺癌等多种实体肿瘤中均有报道。PIK3CA编码Ⅰ类磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶的p110催化亚单位,即PI3Kp110α。现主流学术认为PIK3CA突变主要通过PI3K/AKT通路影响肿瘤的发生发展,而由于肿瘤的异质性,发现PIK3CA突变后影响下游的方式又不全都是通过这条通路,所以对其PIK3CA突变后下游通路的调控、激发的分子机制还需进一步的深入探索。
乳腺癌是恶性肿瘤之一,位居女性癌症发病之首,全球每年新发乳腺癌病例约167.1万,每年约52.2万人死于乳腺癌,严重危害了人类的生命健康。目前,乳腺癌的发生机制上已经做了大量研究,但发生与进展中涉及的分子机制仍有许多尚未明确。进一步明确乳腺癌发生发展的分子机制、寻找新的治疗靶点以及探索科学的综合治疗模式以提高早诊断早治疗,是乳腺癌研究的重要内容。
CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术是通过一段短的引导RNA ( guide RNA) 来识别特定的DNA 序列,后由其引导的Cas9蛋白定位到该特定的DNA序列上进行切割,从而起到基因编辑的作用。CRISPR-Cas9作为第三代基因编辑技术,其相对于前两代基因编辑技术具有系统构建简单、精准度高、成本低、能同时对多个位点进行定点编辑的各项优势,已成为目前研究的热点。为获得该技术基因编辑的优势作用,重点在于sgRNA(smallguide RNA)的设计。
目前,在研究乳腺癌的相关基因仍然均使用RNA干扰技术,其主要缺点是在RNA水平的干扰,效率低下,不适用于长期抑制研究。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的sgRNA,其具有下列核苷酸序列之一:
a、sgRNA:TCCGCGGCTCTAACCGCATCGGG(SEQ ID NO:1);
b、sgRNA2:ACCCGATGCGGTTAGAGCCGCGG(SEQ ID NO:2)。
该sgRNA可用于CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑系统中有效且高效敲低PIK3CA基因表达;该方法利用设计的特异sgRNA,精确指导cas9蛋白靶向切割PIK3CA基因。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的CRISPR-Cas9系统,该系统含有上述靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的sgRNA的DNA序列。
上述靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的CRISPR-Cas9系统的构建方法包括如下步骤:
(1)用下面的引物扩增sgRNA1和sgRNA2序列:
CRISPR-F:5’-GTATTTCGATTTCTTGGCTTTATATATCT-3’ (SEQ ID NO:3);
CRISPR-R:5’-GTTGATAACGGACTAGCCTTATTTTAC-3’ (SEQ ID NO:4);
(2)使用XmaⅠ和PmeⅠ内切酶双酶切载体PENTY-U6-EF1a-Cas9,将双酶切产物通过跑1%的琼脂糖凝胶,切下含有目的条带胶块,使用QIAGEN的Gel Extraction kit进行胶回收得到酶切后的CRISPR-Cas9载体;
(3)使用Vazyme公司的clon Express Ⅱ one step cloning kit,将上述靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的sgRNA的PCR产物与酶切胶回收的CRISPR-Cas9载体连接,得到靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的CRISPR-Cas9系统。
本发明另一目的在于将靶向敲除PIK3CA基因表达的CRISPR-Cas9系统应用在制备敲除PIK3CA基因的细胞株中,即将靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的CRISPR-Cas9系统转染至目的细胞株中。
其中目的细胞株为肿瘤细胞株。
所述肿瘤细胞株为乳腺癌细胞株。
所述乳腺癌细胞株为人乳腺上皮细胞SK-BR-3。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及效果:
(1)本发明提供靶向敲低PIK3CA基因表达的sgRNA能有效靶向PIK3CA基因,将其构建入CRISPR-Cas9系统中,转染入细胞可得到低表达的细胞株。其相对于前两代基因编辑技术此系统构建方法简单、成本低、可操作性强;
(2)目前,用于降低蛋白表达常使用RNA干扰技术,其主要缺点是在RNA水平的干扰效率低下,不适用于长期抑制研究;而使用CRISPR-Cas9系统可以构建出稳定低表达蛋白的细胞;在科研研究癌症发生与进展中所涉及的分子机制中有很大的优势。
附图说明
图1是用CRISPR-F、CRISPR-R引物分别扩增PIK3CAsgRNA1和PIK3CAsgRNA2序列后跑出的琼脂糖电泳图;
图2是双酶切后CRISPR-Cas9载体电泳图;
图3是PCR鉴定时,用鉴定引物P构建的CRISPR-Cas9载体系统的产物的琼脂糖电泳图;
图4是细胞株中PI3K蛋白的表达检测图;其中SK-BR-3-WT代表未转染CRISPR-Cas9载体系统的野生型乳腺上皮细胞株,SK-BR-3-sg1代表转染带有PIK3CAsgRNA1的CRISPR-Cas9载体系统的乳腺癌上皮细胞株,SK-BR-3-sg2代表转染带有PIK3CAsgRNA2的CRISPR-Cas9载体系统的乳腺癌上皮细胞株。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围,该领域的技术人员可以根据上述本发明内容对发明做出一些非本质的改进和调整。文中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照《分子克隆实验指南》中所述常规条件,或试剂制造厂商所建议的条件实施。除非另行定义,文中所使用的所以专业和科学用语与本领域熟练人员所熟悉的意义相同。
实验例1:使用CRISPR-Cas9技术构建敲低PIK3CA基因表达质粒
1、sgRNA寡核苷酸链合成
使用CRISPR在线设计工具(http://crispr.mit.edu/),输入PIK3CA的第1外显子序列,在给出的序列中,选择得分率高的sgRNA序列,后由生工公司合成。
表1 sgRNA寡核苷酸序列
;
2、用如下引物扩增sgRNA(sgRNA1或sgRNA2)片段
CRISPR-F:5’-GTATTTCGATTTCTTGGCTTTATATATCT-3’
CRISPR-R:5’-GTTGATAACGGACTAGCCTTATTTTAC-3’
引物稀释,将CRISPR-F、CRISPR-R引物用灭菌ddH2O稀释到终浓度为0.1μM,配置PCR反应体系为:
将上述试剂混匀后,上PCR仪,反应条件为:①94℃,5min预变性;②94℃,30s变性;③55℃,30s退火;④73℃延伸;循环②至④35次;⑤72℃,10mim;PCR产物跑琼脂糖凝胶验证片段大小,用D2000 marker标定,120bp处为扩增出的所需片段(图1)。
3、载体构建
(1)使用XmaⅠ和PmeⅠ两种内切酶双酶切PENTY-U6-EF1a-Cas9质粒,37℃水浴30min;
双酶切体系如下:
酶切产物跑1%的琼脂糖凝胶,用D2000 marker标定。双酶切后有23bp与8561bp两个片段,因23bp片段太短,无法在凝胶图上显示,我们需要的是8561bp的片段(图2);
(2)用刀片切下8561bp所在片段的胶块,使用QIAGEN胶回收试剂盒纯化酶切质粒产物,步骤按说明书进行操作;
(3)将步骤2 PCR扩增的120bp双链DNA产物和胶回收的酶切后CRISPR-Cas9质粒通过Vazyme公司的clon Express Ⅱ one step cloning kit进行重组连接,37℃,30min;
连接体系如下:
(4)将重组连接后的质粒转化至感受态细胞DH5α(TIANGEN)中,用250μl无抗性的液体培养基37℃摇床45min后,取50μl均匀涂至含有氨苄抗性的固体培养基平板上,置于37℃培养箱中培养12-16小时,菌落即可出现;
(5)挑取单个菌落扩大培养并质粒小提。
(6)PCR鉴定:用sgRNA+cas9验证引物对小提质粒进行PCR,产物进行跑1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳,用D2000 marker标定。P出200bp左右片段即为所需片段(如图3),可初步鉴定载体系统。
sgRNA+cas9验证引物-F(SEQ ID NO:5):5'- ATGGTTTCCCATGATTCCTT- 3'
sgRNA+cas9验证引物-R(SEQ ID NO:6):5'-CGACTCGGTGCCACTTTT- 3';
(7)测序鉴定:PCR鉴定成功的质粒生工公司测序;并命名PENTY-U6-EF1a-Cas9-sg1、PENTY-U6-EF1a-Cas9-sg2。
实施例2:敲除效率验证
用含10%胎牛血清的1640培养基于5%CO2,37℃恒温培养SK-BR-3细胞;取对数期细胞以5×105/孔接种到六孔板培养,24h后细胞融合度达到70%-80%时,用Lipofectamine®2000试剂将PENTY-U6-EF1a-Cas9-sg1、PENTY-U6-EF1a-Cas9-sg2各2.5μg分别转染到不同孔中,1个孔只加入转染试剂作为control,转染48小时,消化收集各孔细胞。
收集细胞株提取蛋白质,进行Western blotting方法检测PI3K蛋白在各组细胞中的表达情况;结果显示,敲除PIK3CA的乳腺癌上皮细胞SK-BR-3-sg1、SK-BR-3-sg2实验组对比SK-BR-3-WT中PI3K蛋白表达水平显著降低(图4)。
则说明所提供的sgRNA1、sgRNA2序列所构建出的cas9系统可以有效的降低PI3K的表达量,可以应用于细胞,具体可用于乳腺癌细胞中。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
序列表
<110> 昆明理工大学
<120> 靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的sgRNA及应用
<160> 6
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial)
<400> 1
tccgcggctc taaccgcatc ggg 23
<210> 2
<211> 23
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial)
<400> 2
acccgatgcg gttagagccg cgg 23
<210> 3
<211> 29
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial)
<400> 3
gtatttcgat ttcttggctt tatatatct 29
<210> 4
<211> 27
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial)
<400> 4
gttgataacg gactagcctt attttac 27
<210> 5
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial)
<400> 5
atggtttccc atgattcctt 20
<210> 6
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial)
<400> 6
cgactcggtg ccactttt 18
Claims (7)
1.一种靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的sgRNA,其具有下列核苷酸序列之一:
a、sgRNA1:TCCGCGGCTCTAACCGCATCGGG;
b、sgRNA2:ACCCGATGCGGTTAGAGCCGCGG。
2.一种靶向敲除PIK3CA基因表达的CRISPR-Cas9系统,其特征在于:含有权利要求1所述的靶向敲除PIK3CA基因表达的sgRNA的DNA序列。
3.权利要求2所述的靶向敲除PIK3CA基因表达的CRISPR-Cas9系统的构建方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1)使用XmaⅠ和PmeⅠ内切酶双酶切载体PENTY-U6-EF1a-Cas9,胶回收得到酶切后的CRISPR-Cas9载体;
(2)将靶向敲除PIK3CA基因表达的sgRNA的DNA序列用CRISPR-F、CRISPR-R引物扩增后,再与酶切后的CRISPR-Cas9载体连接,得到靶向PIK3CA基因的CRISPR-Cas9载体系统;
CRISPR-F:5’-GTATTTCGATTTCTTGGCTTTATATATCT-3’;
CRISPR-R:5’-GTTGATAACGGACTAGCCTTATTTTAC-3’。
4.权利要求2所述的靶向敲除PIK3CA基因表达的CRISPR-Cas9系统在制备敲除PIK3CA基因的细胞株中的应用,其特征在于:将靶向敲除PIK3CA基因的CRISPR-Cas9系统转染至目的细胞株中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于:目的细胞株为肿瘤细胞株。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于:肿瘤细胞株为乳腺癌细胞株。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于:乳腺癌细胞株为人乳腺上皮细胞SK-BR-3。
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