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CN107813104A - The manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting - Google Patents

The manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107813104A
CN107813104A CN201710800648.0A CN201710800648A CN107813104A CN 107813104 A CN107813104 A CN 107813104A CN 201710800648 A CN201710800648 A CN 201710800648A CN 107813104 A CN107813104 A CN 107813104A
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China
Prior art keywords
gas spring
product
automobile gas
tube
aluminium
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CN201710800648.0A
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CN107813104B (en
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时勇
胡祥树
时永皓
李勇
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Ma'anshan Xinma Precision Aluminum Industry Co ltd
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CYMA PRECISION ALUMINUM Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting, it is to be combined by automobile gas spring with aluminium alloy shaped-tube, automobile gas spring with tube and pipe of aluminium alloy, wherein one end of automobile gas spring tube and pipe of aluminium alloy is set with, is weldingly fixed in automobile gas spring aluminium alloy shaped-tube, and the structure that wherein automobile gas spring aluminium closes shape tube has two kinds：Outline is five tooth flower pattern, and Internal periphery is seven tooth flower type structures.Product prepared by the present invention has the advantages of plasticity and mechanical property are good, machining accuracy is high, surface quality is good, the technical indicator such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation percentage and the external diameter out of roundness of product, internal diameter out of roundness is all more superior than required value, product has been sold to American-European and domestic and international big-and-middle-sized automobile manufacturer, and domestic and international blank has been filled up for gas spring material aluminium alloying.

Description

The manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of design and manufacturing process of the alloying component of aluminium alloy extrusions, and in particular to a kind of aluminium alloy The manufacture method of pipe, aluminium alloy shaped-tube, steel material is substituted, as gas spring part-piston rod, is played Telescopic Fixed Effect.
Background technology
Gas spring (gasspring) is that one kind can play the functions such as support, buffering, braking, height regulation and angular adjustment Industry accessories.It is made up of following sections：Pressure cylinder, piston rod, piston, seal guide sleeve, filler (inert gas or Person's gas mixture), control element and cylinder outer control element (referring to controllable gas spring) and joint etc. in cylinder.Principle is closed Inert gas or gas mixture are filled with pressure cylinder, makes several times or tens times of the pressure superatmospheric in cavity, It is less than the cross-sectional area of piston using the cross-sectional area of piston rod so as to which caused pressure differential realizes the motion of piston rod.Due to Fundamental difference in principle, gas spring have significant advantage than common spring：Speed is relatively slow, dynamic force change is little (typically 1：Within 1.2), be easily controlled.
Conventional gas spring assembly is steel material, volume weight, corrosion easy to wear, and service life is short；And aluminium alloy Density is lower than steel, and surface treatment effect is good, and aluminium alloy passes through first high temperature extruding forming, rear to pass through rigorous timeliness again PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, there is very high corrosion resistance, the surface of aluminium alloy can form oxide-film, be not easy to get rusty naturally, easily keep beautiful Bright and clean surface；
For the intensity of aluminum alloy materials compared with steel, density is the 1/3 of steel, absorbs 2 times that impact capacity is steel, heat conduction Performance is higher than iron 3 times, and volume is lighter than steel, and has and recycle value well, with motor vehicle assembly lightweight Development, future deformations aluminum alloy materials are by increasingly extensive application in motor vehicle assembly.
At present, the plasticity for the aluminum alloy material that in the market occurs and mechanical property are poor, and machining accuracy is relatively low, surface matter Measure bad, it is difficult to meet the high quality requirement of automobile gas spring aluminium alloy.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention provides a kind of plasticity and mechanical property exactly in order to solve above mentioned problem existing for prior art The manufacture method for the automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting that energy is good, machining accuracy is high, surface quality is good.
For reach the present invention above-mentioned purpose, automobile gas spring of the present invention with the manufacture method of aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting be by Automobile gas spring is combined with aluminium alloy shaped-tube, automobile gas spring with tube and pipe of aluminium alloy, automobile gas spring aluminum alloy round One end suit of pipe, it is weldingly fixed in automobile gas spring aluminium alloy shaped-tube.
A. the manufacture method of automobile gas spring tube and pipe of aluminium alloy：
On the basis of lot of experiments research, the present invention is carried out to automobile gas spring with the chemical composition of tube and pipe of aluminium alloy Optimization design, following components, the optimization of C/C composites of content are have developed, each alloying element weight/mass percentage composition is in raw material：Si 0.48%~0.52%, Fe 0.16%~0.20%, Cu≤0.05%, Mn≤0.05%, Mg 0.51%~0.55%, Cr≤ 0.05%, Zn≤0.05%, Ti 0.15%-0.25%, Pb 0.004%~0.01%, Ca+Na 0.001%-0.002%, Other individual element content≤0.05%, other element total amount≤0.15%, remaining as aluminium.
The aluminium bar of above component is processed into automobile gas spring tube and pipe of aluminium alloy using following process, technique：
1) hot extrusion
Using horizontal extruder, power digital display adjustable electromagnetic induction heater is equipped with, aluminium bar heating uses gradient-heated Technique, the gap of head and tail temperature can be efficiently controlled；Machine temperature is on aluminium bar：500 DEG C~515 DEG C of head, 490 DEG C of afterbody~ 505 DEG C, discharging opening product observed temperature is controlled at 520 DEG C~540 DEG C, to ensure the performance requirement of product postorder plastic working；
Extrusion Die Design is combined type divergent die, and mould uses the high-quality steel of H13, mould domestic and foreign work calibrating strap assembling edge Embedding YG8N hard alloy, core rod sizing work band position uses high-temperature wearable hard YG8N tungsten alloy steel rings, and passes through fixed spiral shell Silk is arranged on upper mould front end and locked；Nib sizing work band also uses abrasion-resistive hard YG8N tungsten alloy steel rings, and by mechanical high Temperature and pressure build-in is scheduled in lower mould centre bore and occupied just.
2) cold working
To the aluminium alloy material product obtained after step 1) processing, drawing, chain type pulling machine are carried out using chain type pulling machine Using three-phase alternating current variable-frequency motor governing system, smooth step-less adjustment and control can be carried out to speed；In drawing process, Xiang Guan Lubricating oil of the base surfaces externally and internally fluid infusion spray motion stickiness in 600~800cst scopes.
3) finishing (aligning)
Long material product after step 2) drawing, then the alignment by straightener multiple roll spinning progress linearity, control The circle beating degree of product is subject to school circle in 0.05~0.08mm, while to the dimension of inner and outer diameters and out of roundness of product, makes external diameter true Roundness control is in 0.03~0.06mm scopes, the control of internal diameter out of roundness in 0.015~0.03mm scopes；And in product after drawing Caused residual stress is discharged, and product size and stable performance is not rebounded.
4) finished product sawing
Full-automatic dimension saw is programmed using (CNC), carried out by 15~20/S of single, mono- running speed back and forth complete Automatic gauging sawing.
5) degreasing
Short material product after finished product sawing is used for diluting being adhered to product surfaces externally and internally in dedicated slot by kerosene immersion Drawing lubrication oil, then through overpickling grease removal；Product after grease removal is adhered to surface by 4~6 Rinsing Areas immersion rinse again Acid solution, enter drying oven and did low temperature drying processing with 75~90 DEG C/20~30 minutes.
6) Ageing Treatment
Product after step 5) processing, using 175~190 DEG C/5.5~7h aging technique, carry out homogenization heat Processing, to meet the mechanical property and hardness requirement needed for product.
7) machine
Product after Wetted constructures, scale sawing, then using (CNC) programming fully-automatic chamfering machine on by outer C30 °, Interior C60 ° carries out C chamferings inside and outside both ends.
Product after two chamfers carries out one end internal tapping processing.
8) cleaning and flash removed
The tube and pipe of aluminium alloy product that step 7) processes, then after over cleaning and flash removed cleaning inspection are errorless, by flow The standby storehouse of vanning.
Each alloying element quality percentage contains in the manufacture method raw material of automobile gas spring novel aluminum alloy circular tube of the present invention Amount is preferably：Si 0.48%~0.52%, Fe 0.16%~0.20%, Cu0.01~0.45%, Mn 0.01~0.45%, Mg 0.51%~0.55%, Cr0.02~0.45%, Zn 0.02~0.45%, Ti 0.15%-0.25%, Pb 0.005% ~0.008%, Ca+Na 0.0012%~0.0018%, other individual element content≤0.04%, other element total amounts≤ 0.12%, remaining as aluminium.
In above-mentioned steps 1) in the extrusion die specification that uses be preferred for Φ 180mm × 120T, before production during heating and thermal insulation Between control on 2~4h, extrusion die machine temperature control at 465 DEG C~485 DEG C, recipient heating and temperature control 420 DEG C~ 440 DEG C of scopes.
In step 2), drawing process is advisable using Φ 20 ± 0.1 × 2.0 ± 0.1 extruding material, drawing one-shot forming Φ 16.2 ± 0.1 × 13+0/-0.08, Φ-mm.
In step 7), chamfering tool uses high-performance cobalt alloy (HSS-E) high-speed steel；Internal tapping processing uses vertical tooth Full-automatic wheeled/Manual tapping machine, disk is hung to being alternately engaged, coordinating the operating of variable-frequency motor adjustable speed, driving using A/B gears Chuck moves up and down, and the high-quality high-speed steel spiral tap of assembling carries out blind hole internal tapping processing in chuck, and uses upper chip removal mode, Motor pump is coordinated to convey efficient screw-cutting oil spray on product port and screw tap；Tapping processing end uses pneumatic clamps disk folder Hold between two parties, with double fastener disk product clamping, magnetic floats the mobile operation of motor control or so transposition.
B. the manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminium alloy shaped-tube
On the basis of lot of experiments research, change of the present invention to the manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminium alloy shaped-tube Study and point design be optimized, on the basis of lot of experiments research, have developed following components, the optimization of C/C composites of content, Each alloying element weight/mass percentage composition is in raw material：Si 0.46%~0.50%, Fe≤0.15%, Cu≤0.01%, Mn≤ 0.02%, Mg 0.70%~0.74%, Cr≤0.01%, Zn≤0.01%, Ti 0.015%-0.025%, Pb 0.0004% ~0.001%, Ca+Na 0.001%~0.002%, other individual element content≤0.01%, other element total amounts≤ 0.1%, remaining as aluminium.Described automobile gas spring aluminium, which closes shape tube, two kinds of structures：Outline is five tooth flower pattern, Internal periphery For seven tooth flower pattern.
The outline that described automobile gas spring aluminium closes shape tube is five tooth flower type structures, and the outline of shape tube contains Equally distributed 5 external tooths, adjacent outer between cog are arc groove, and Internal periphery corresponding with external tooth is inside groove.
The Internal periphery that described automobile gas spring aluminium closes shape tube is seven tooth flower type structures, and the Internal periphery of shape tube contains Equally distributed 7 internal tooths, adjacent interior between cog are groove.
Described automobile gas spring is preferably with each alloying element weight/mass percentage composition in the raw material of aluminium alloy shaped-tube：Si 0.46%~0.50%, Fe 0.05~0.14%, Cu0.002~0.009%, Mn 0.005~0.018%, Mg 0.70%~ 0.74%, Cr0.002~0.009%, Zn0.002~0.009%, Ti 0.015%-0.025%, Pb 0.0004%~ 0.001%, Ca+Na 0.001%~0.002%, other individual element content≤0.009%, other element total amounts≤ 0.09%, remaining as aluminium.
After automobile gas spring of the present invention uses above technical scheme with the manufacture method of aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting, have following Advantage：
1. the automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting produced, automobile gas spring part-piston rod can be used as to make With with the distinguishing feature such as good impact resistance, moderate strength, good welding performance, wear-resistant, and machining accuracy is high, surface matter Measure；
2. by strictly controlling component, the content of alloying element, and with the addition of micro Pb, Ca, Na, automobile gas spring is used The tensile strength of tube and pipe of aluminium alloy product up to 280~320Mpa, yield strength up to 220~260Mpa, elongation percentage up to 12~ 15%, properties of product reach and surmounted DIN EN 755-2 mechanical property requirements (tensile strength >=250Mpa, yield strength >= 200Mpa, elongation percentage >=10%)；The tensile strength of automobile gas spring aluminium alloy shaped-tube is strong up to 265~290Mpa, surrender Degree is up to 220~260Mpa, and elongation percentage is up to 10~14%, and the mechanical property of product is more than DIN EN 755-2 performance control needs (tensile strength >=250Mpa, yield strength >=210Mpa, elongation percentage >=8%).Achieve unexpected technique effect.
3. the automobile gas spring after finishing (aligning) is not rebounded with tube and pipe of aluminium alloy product size and stable performance, circle bounce Degree control exists in 0.05~0.08mm scopes, the control of external diameter out of roundness in 0.03~0.06mm scopes, the control of internal diameter out of roundness 0.015~0.03mm scopes, roughness are more much better than required value up to 5~7 μm；Automobile gas spring aluminium after finishing (aligning) External diameter out of roundness, the internal diameter out of roundness for closing shape tube are all more much better than required value.
4. the product produced commercially achieves howling success, large and medium-sized automaker at home Popularization and application, and it is sold to the overseas markets such as America and Europe.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is that outline is the schematic cross-section that five tooth flower pattern automobile gas spring aluminium close shape tube；
Fig. 2 is that Internal periphery is the schematic cross-section that seven tooth flower pattern automobile gas spring aluminium close shape tube；
Fig. 3 is that outline is that five tooth flower pattern automobile gas spring aluminium close shape tube and automobile gas spring tube and pipe of aluminium alloy Combined effect figure.
Reference is：1- external tooths；2- arc grooves；3- inside grooves；4- internal tooths；5- grooves.
Embodiment
To further describe the present invention, with reference to specific embodiment to automobile gas spring aluminium alloy shaped-tube of the present invention Manufacture method be described in further details.
Described automobile gas spring is by automobile gas spring aluminium alloy shaped-tube, Automobile air bullet with aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting Spring is combined with tube and pipe of aluminium alloy, and wherein one end of automobile gas spring tube and pipe of aluminium alloy is set with, is weldingly fixed on Automobile air In spring aluminium alloy shaped-tube.
A：The manufacture method of automobile gas spring tube and pipe of aluminium alloy
The present invention is with each alloying element weight/mass percentage composition in tube and pipe of aluminium alloy raw material to automobile gas spring：Si 0.48%~0.52%, Fe 0.16%~0.20%, Cu≤0.05%, Mn≤0.05%, Mg 0.51%~0.55%, Cr≤ 0.05%, Zn≤0.05%, Ti 0.15%-0.25%, Pb 0.004%~0.01%, Ca+Na 0.001%-0.002%, Other individual element content≤0.05%, other element total amount≤0.15%, remaining as aluminium.
The aluminium bar of above component is processed into automobile gas spring tube and pipe of aluminium alloy using following process, technique：
1) hot extrusion：
Using 1000T horizontal extruders, 320KW power digital display adjustable electromagnetic induction heaters are equipped with, aluminium bar heating is adopted With gradient-heated technique, the gap of head and tail temperature can be efficiently controlled, machine temperature is on aluminium bar：500 DEG C~515 DEG C of head, tail 490 DEG C~505 DEG C of portion, discharging opening product observed temperature is controlled at 520 DEG C -540 DEG C, to ensure product postorder plastic working Performance requirement；
Extrusion Die Design is combined type divergent die, and mould uses the high-quality steel of H13, and YG8N hard alloy is inlayed in assembling, uses In mould domestic and foreign work calibrating strap, core rod sizing work band position uses high-temperature wearable hard YG8N tungsten alloy steel rings, led to Cross fixed screw to lock installed in upper mould front end, nib sizing work band and the abrasion-resistive hard YG8N tungsten alloy steel rings used, Occupied just by press-fitted be fixed in lower mould centre bore of mechanical high-temperature.Sizing work band (the abrasion-resistive hard YG8N tungsten alloy steel of mould Circle) grinding and polishing is run at high speed into mirror-like using numerically controlled lathe.Pass through grinding and polishing, the smoothness of mould sizing work band Quality significantly improves, and can effectively mitigate frictional force during crimp, so as to improve the light of extrusion billet surfaces externally and internally The cycle and life-span that clean quality and mould use；Also ensure that simultaneously can bear high temperature, high pressure in extrusion process and acutely become Under conditions of shape frictional force, the finish and intensity of mould calibrating strap are not affected, and it is bright and clean to squeeze the blank surface produced, Without particle, without vertical line, so as to ensure that product surface degree light after postorder drawing is round and smooth, dimensional accuracy stably reaching standard is no different Often.
Mould specification is 180 × 120T of Φ, and heating and thermal insulation time control machine temperature control on 2-4h, mould exists before production 465 DEG C~485 DEG C, recipient heating-up temperature is 420 DEG C~440 DEG C, to ensure that material product reaches the pattern of Isothermal Extrusion；
Using T8 machining states, [T8 refers to hot, cold-formed Al-alloy products to the product, and it passes through solution heat treatment After being also cold worked the intensity that (drawing) improves product after (forced air cooling) again, then carry out the state of artificial aging]；Using constant speed 40% (4.8mm/s) extrusion speed, to ensure the dimensional accuracy of material product and obtain good surface weld line mass；Long material material Product after scale sawing, spinning beam head, cleaning treatment, carries out cold working (drawing) production again.
2) cold working (drawing)
Drawing refers to that aluminium alloy material product subtracts the pattern of wall plastic deformation processing by drawing mould, implementation tube reducing, from And obtain high-precision final products size requirement.
Drawing equipment is chain type pulling machine, using three-phase alternating current variable-frequency motor governing system, speed can be carried out realizing and put down Sliding step-less adjustment and control.Drawing equipment is conveyed by main body, folder car device, chain belt backhaul, and die holder, pull bar, product place work Make platform, pneumatic system and electric control system composition.
Technical parameter：Main motor current 40-50KW, drawing speed use variable frequency regulating speed control mode, 0~60m/min, gas Source pressure 0.3-0.6Mpa, can the product such as drawing 5~Φ of Φ 60mm pipe, bar, profile shapes, pulling length≤7m.
Drawing process：
Using Φ 20 ± 0.1 × 2.0 ± 0.1 extrude material, drawing one-shot forming 16.2 ± 0.1 × 13+0/-0.08 of Φ, Machining deformation amount is 35.11% sizing reduction 3.8mm, wall thickness reducing amount 0.4mm.
In order to ensure the bright and clean roughness of product surfaces externally and internally, it is equipped with and uses efficient aluminium drawing special lube, In drawing process, using effectively drawing lubrication oil and lubricating system for strengthen drawing production process, improve production efficiency and Product quality has great importance；When drawing produces, a kind of motion stickiness need to be sprayed to pipe surfaces externally and internally fluid infusion 600-800cst lubricating oil, in pipe and die deformation friction relative movement, in the presence of the compression of arc modular angle, Lubricating oil forms turnup accumulation in die deformation area porch, forms lubrication and physical absorption effect comprehensively, when pressure reaches gold During category deformation yield limit, lubricating oil is just extruded to be brought into deformed area along arc angle transition, and forming one layer has certain thickness Lubricating oil film, be attached on pipe surfaces externally and internally and separate Mold Metal, play a part of to mould anti-attrition cooling and well Lubricant effect.Using efficient lubricant oil, it is avoided that in flow of metal friction relative motion and crosses boundary's friction and mixed film friction, effectively Ground reduces the deformation frictional resistance in drawing process, so as to improve lubrication and effect.
Extrude material product to control by arranging in pairs or groups meticulously inside and outside drawing mould, to implement the one-time formed operation mould of drawing Formula, so as to produce the high-precision high-quality long material product of good performance of size.
3) finishing (aligning)
The relevant data that table 1 contrasts for the inspection of aligning anteroposterior dimension.
Table 1 aligns anteroposterior dimension and checks correction data
Long material product after drawing, then the alignment by straightener multiple roll spinning progress linearity, to reach product The control requirement of beating degree, while school circle also is subject to the inside/outside diameter size and out of roundness of product, and to being produced in product after drawing Raw residual stress is discharged, and product size and stable performance is not rebounded.
4) finished product sawing：
Full-automatic dimension saw is programmed using (CNC), single often arrange can sawing≤25pcs simultaneously, float motor with magnetic Cooperation induction system is held with Pneumatic pressure, the speed that saw blade is turned with every S/3000, coordinates and sprays efficient coolant, by single 15- The running speeds of 20/S mono- back and forth carry out full-automatic scale sawing, during which only need hand fit's operation of feeding and discharging, should Equipment can ensure that the length tolerance after product sawing reaches≤0.4mm, reach less than≤0.1 with port perpendicularity.
5) degreasing (oil removing cleaning, drying)
Short material product after finished product sawing is soaked 20 minutes or so in dedicated slot by kerosene, and production is adhered to for diluting The drawing lubrication oil of product surfaces externally and internally, then through overpickling grease removal 5-10 minutes, solution ratio：2%-5% acid solution, add 3m3 Running water dilution；Product after grease removal is adhered to the acid solution on surface by 5 Rinsing Areas immersion rinse again, enters drying oven with 80 DEG C/20-30 minutes do low temperature drying processing.
6) Ageing Treatment (heat treatment)
In order to ensure and stablize the mechanical property of lifting product, using 185 DEG C/6h aging technique, homogenization heat is carried out Processing, to meet the mechanical property and hardness needed for product；Different aging techniques has very big to the mechanical property of product Change, experimental test data such as table 2：
The Ageing Treatment experimental test data of table 2 compares
7) (two chamfers, one end internal tapping) is machined
Product after Wetted constructures, scale sawing, then programmed using (CNC) and outer C30 ° is pressed on fully-automatic chamfering machine, Interior C60 ° carries out c chamferings inside and outside both ends.
Chamfering tool uses high-performance cobalt alloy (HSS-E) high-speed steel, and the cutter material is more with amount containing cobalt, anti-wear Can be good, blade, to meet 30 °/60 ° angle requirements, does not produce shake knife in process using unique technical standpoint design With the bad exception of bits myomata etc.；Angle precision can reach national standard, in Europe superscript control range.
Product after two chamfers carries out one end internal tapping processing, using vertical gear formula it is full-automatic/Manual tapping machine, profit Disk is hung to being alternately engaged, coordinating the operating of variable-frequency motor adjustable speed, driving chuck to move up and down, assembled in chuck with A/B gears High-quality high-speed steel spiral tap carries out blind hole internal tapping processing, and uses upper chip removal mode, coordinates motor pump conveying efficiently to attack Silk lubricating oil spray, not produce high temperature friction when ensureing that screw tap works with product, is avoided because of profit on product port and screw tap The bad exception such as rotten tooth, bits sarcolytes caused by sliding deficiency；Product needs tapping processing end to be held using pneumatic clamps disk folder between two parties, with double Chuck product clamping, magnetic float the mobile operation of motor control or so transposition, and so as to ensure equipment, operation does not stop up and down automatically, Production efficiency is greatly increased, while also can guarantee that the precision after product tapping processing.
Detection is screwed using special go-no go gauge after the product tapping, by for non-defective unit, can't pass as defective products, product Half-and-half break, using 2D video detections silk depth of threat degree and tooth away from height, to ensure the accurate of the size at product silk tooth position requirement Property；
Pipe (piston rod) product is processed by above-mentioned flow, then after over cleaning and flash removed cleaning inspection are errorless, is pressed Wait to deliver goods in the standby storehouse of flow vanning.
B：The manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminium alloy shaped-tube
Described automobile gas spring is with each alloying element weight/mass percentage composition in the raw material of aluminium alloy shaped-tube：Si 0.46%~0.50%, Fe≤0.15%, Cu≤0.01%, Mn≤0.02%, Mg 0.70%~0.74%, Cr≤0.01%, Zn≤0.01%, Ti 0.015%-0.025%, Pb 0.0004%~0.001%, Ca+Na 0.001%~0.002%, its Its individual element content≤0.01%, other element total amount≤0.1%, remaining as aluminium.
Outline as shown in Figure 1 is that the schematic cross-section of five tooth flower pattern automobile gas spring aluminium conjunction shape tube is found out, when When the outline that automobile gas spring aluminium closes shape tube is five tooth flower type structure, the outline of shape tube contains equally distributed 5 Individual external tooth 1, it is arc groove 2 between adjacent external tooth 1, is inside groove 3 with 1 corresponding Internal periphery of external tooth.Its manufacturing procedure is：Aluminium bar is entered Inspection → hot extrusion → timeliness → finished product sawing → machining (both ends flash removed) → cleaning → product examine → storage → shipment.
Internal periphery as shown in Figure 2 is that the schematic cross-section of seven tooth flower pattern automobile gas spring aluminium conjunction shape tube is found out, when When the Internal periphery that automobile gas spring aluminium closes shape tube is seven tooth flower type structure, the Internal periphery of shape tube contains equally distributed 7 Individual internal tooth 4, it is groove 5 between adjacent internal tooth 4.Its manufacturing procedure is：Aluminium bar is entered inspection → hot extrusion → timeliness → finishing and (rectified Directly) → finished product sawing → machining (bore hole, flash removed in two chamfers, one end) → cleaning → product examine → storage → shipment.
Shown in Fig. 3 is that outline closes shape tube and automobile gas spring aluminium alloy for five tooth flower pattern automobile gas springs with aluminium The combined effect figure of pipe.
The aluminium bar of above component is processed into automobile gas spring aluminium using following process, technique and closes shape tube：
1) hot extrusion (outline shares with Internal periphery product)
Using 500T horizontal extruders, 220KW power digital display adjustable electromagnetic induction heaters are equipped with, in extruded product Traction slip is synchronously carried out using coordinated type hauling machine product clamping head end and extrusion speed, to ensure that product discharge is uniform, no Influenceed by resistance and produce Deformation Anomalies.
Aluminium bar heating uses gradient-heated technique, can efficiently control the temperature spread heated end to end, machine temperature on aluminium bar For：490 DEG C~505 DEG C of head, 480 DEG C~500 DEG C of afterbody, discharging opening product observed temperature are controlled at 500 DEG C -530 DEG C, with Ensure the performance requirement of product plastic working.
Extrusion Die Design is combined type divergent die, is programmed using the high-quality steel of H13 by (CNC), input product CAD first Every control size of figure requires tolerance value (containing variate-value, take the tolerance value upper limit), then is molded with low-speed WEDM, by High-temperature heat treatment is crossed to increase the intensity of mould steel and hardness, to ensure that die cavity work band occurs without disconnected in high temperature crushing failure at high speed Split, collapse etc. abnormal, so as to ensure the non-warping deformation of product forms section after extrusion, size and face profile degree can reach Mark.
Mould specification is 140 × 50T of Φ, and heating and thermal insulation time control is in 0.5-2h before production, and upper machine temperature control is 450 DEG C~470 DEG C, 390 DEG C~410 DEG C of recipient heating-up temperature, to ensure that product forms can reach the pattern of Isothermal Extrusion.
Using T5 machining states, (T5 refers to be cooled down by high-temperature molding process the product forms, then carries out artificial aging State, after being cooled down by high-temperature molding, without cold working, it can be aligned, leveling, but the pole that do not affect the mechanical properties Limit, give the product of artificial aging processing)；Using constant speed 30% (3.6mm/s) extrusion speed, with hauling machine product clamping head Slided with extrusion speed sync pulling, to ensure the product forms section and cross dimensions and profile tolerance, the symmetry that squeeze out Can be up to standard, and the bright and clean quality of good surface welding quality and surfaces externally and internally can be obtained, impulse- free robustness particle, vertical line are drawn The bad exceptions such as wound.
20-22m length is there are about after section bar extrusion on cold bed, is clamped after natural cooling by bivector traction, is applied Certain pulling force is stretched；To ensure that the linearity of product, and the geomery requirement of product, outline product stretch rear straight Line is relatively good, and Internal periphery product stretches that rear linearity is general, but inside and outside out of roundness can not meet the requirement of Boring in postorder, School sired results sequence is aligned after spy's increase timeliness, to ensure that the inside and outside out of roundness of product is up to standard.
Table 3 is that outline is with stretching rear size comparison's data after five tooth flower pattern shape tube products extrude.
The outline of table 3 is with stretching rear size comparison's data (mm) after five tooth flower pattern shape tube products extrude
Table 4 is that Internal periphery is with stretching rear size comparison's data after seven tooth flower pattern shape tube products extrude.
The Internal periphery of table 4 is with stretching rear size comparison's data (mm) after seven tooth flower pattern shape tube products extrude
For Internal periphery product after stretching, out of roundness can not be up to standard, and postorder increase aligning repairs school circle, to ensure to machine (interior bore hole) cutting is clean, the bad generation of impulse- free robustness, bits myomata.
2) timeliness-heat treatment (outline shares with Internal periphery product)
In order to ensure and stably lifted the mechanical property of this 2 sections of products, using 185 DEG C/5h and 170 DEG C/6h 2 kinds of timeliness Technique, homogenization heat treatment is carried out, to meet the mechanical property and hardness needed for product；Different aging techniques are to product Mechanical property has very big change, experimental test data such as table 5：
Mechanics properties testing data of the different aging technique of table 5 to product
From the point of view of above-mentioned 2 kinds of timeliness experimental datas, this 2 kinds of product forms are relatively adapted to using 185 DEG C/5h aging techniques, can With arrange simultaneously carry out aging strengthening model, can effectively save aging time and save energy consumption, more can improving production efficiency, accelerate Productive temp.
3) finishing (aligning) (Internal periphery product is special)
Long material product after extruding, timeliness, then the alignment by straightener multiple roll spinning progress linearity, to reach The control requirement of product beating degree, while school circle also is subject to the inside/outside diameter size and out of roundness of product, it is easy to postorder to machine During (bore hole in two chamfers, one end) operation, it can guarantee that inside and outside C angle and cross section perpendicular degree of the product after two chamfers reach Mark, and in one end during Boring, can cut and thoroughly, not produce burr and cut unnet quality abnormal because oval.Aligning Anteroposterior dimension inspection is to such as table 6.
Table 6 aligns anteroposterior dimension inspection contrast (mm)
4) finished product sawing (outline shares with Internal periphery product)
Full-automatic dimension saw is programmed using (CNC), single often arrange can sawing≤25pcs simultaneously, float motor with magnetic Cooperation induction system is held with Pneumatic pressure, the speed that saw blade is turned with every S/3000, coordinates and sprays efficient coolant, by single 15- The running speeds of 20/S mono- back and forth carry out full-automatic scale sawing, during which only need hand fit's operation of feeding and discharging, should Equipment can ensure that the length tolerance after product sawing reaches≤0.4 and reaches less than≤0.1 with port perpendicularity.
5)-two chamfers, bore hole in one end are machined (Internal periphery product is special)
Product after Wetted constructures, scale sawing, then programmed using (CNC) and outer C30 ° is pressed on fully-automatic chamfering machine, Interior C60 ° carries out c chamfer machinings inside and outside both ends, and cutter uses high-performance cobalt alloy (HSS-E) high-speed steel, and the cutter material has Amount containing cobalt is more, and anti-wear energy is good, and blade is using unique technical standpoint design, to meet 30 °/60 ° angle requirements and interior boring Hole, the processing operation such as end face, turning is repaiied, and do not produce the bad exception such as shake knife and bits myomata in process；Angle Precision can reach national standard, in Europe superscript control range；Product is after two chamfers are completed, and bore hole adds in progress at one end Work, divide 2 times and be processed, rough turn for the first time, cutting output control is in 1.8~2.0mm or so, second of smart car, cutting output control It is up to standard with boring finished size in guarantee in 0.6~0.8mm or so, and inner face impulse- free robustness is cut, interior bore hole roughness reaches Mark.
6) port flash removed (outline shares with Internal periphery product)
This 2 sections of products have different degrees of cutting burr by sawing and the end face for not carrying out interior Boring, in gas Spring assembling use during, inside composition structure category full closeding state, it is impossible to have a bit impurity, burr, bits end be mingled with it is mixed Enter wherein, to directly influence the effect and service life of sealing；For this strict quality requirement, using company's independent research A kind of mechanical deburring device, for burr inside and outside product both ends of polishing, use German import 0.6-0.8mm Du Pont's silk for Abrasive material, disc brush is fabricated to, be assemblied in by the two-way relative motor put, operating, using so that 1500r/min speed is relative Adjustable speed frequency-changing control system, to adjust the speed of conveyer belt, when product is rolled into clip groove along discharging frame slope, by spring pressure Platform pressure, which is helped, between two parties, first passes through first group of polishing to carrying out both ends interior outside in the direction of the clock to emery wheel, then by second group Polishing to carrying out both ends interior outside counterclockwise to emery wheel, after with conveying trough of belt slide to material receiving desk, product pass through 2 After individual direction mixing polishing, both ends Glabrous thorn, and without bad generations such as crossing ellipsization deformations, with the polishing of abrasive material wheel Loss shortens, the effect that during which can be polished according to the product mouth of pipe, comes position of the front and rear regulation both sides with respect to motor, to ensure product End face polish clean impulse- free robustness.
7) clean, dry (outline and Internal periphery product share)
Product is by machining, flash removed, it is necessary to again through overpickling 5-10 minutes, solution ratio：2%-5% acid solution, Add 3m3Running water dilution；Product after grease removal is adhered to the acid solution on surface, entering to dry by 5 Rinsing Areas immersion rinse again Dry stove does low temperature drying processing with 80 DEG C/20-30 minutes.
8) product examine storage (outline shares with Internal periphery product)
Product carries out product outer, port burr after cleaning, drying natural cooling, by professional product examine personnel, and Glacing flatness, the full inspection of beating degree are verified；To ensure that it is safe to use that product energy zero-fault storage consigns to client.
The aluminum alloy series product component that the present invention develops, it is special with German Si Taibilusi (STABILUS) gas spring Seek business and sign supply agreement (PSW), deliver the part of product more than 60,000 of part series as scheduled within 2016, and be sold to American-European and state Inside and outside big-and-middle-sized automobile manufacturer, domestic and international blank is filled up for gas spring material aluminium alloying.

Claims (7)

  1. A kind of 1. manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting, it is characterised in that：Described automobile gas spring is used Aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting is to be combined by automobile gas spring with aluminium alloy shaped-tube, automobile gas spring with tube and pipe of aluminium alloy, its One end suit of middle automobile gas spring tube and pipe of aluminium alloy, it is weldingly fixed in automobile gas spring aluminium alloy shaped-tube；
    Described automobile gas spring is with each alloying element weight/mass percentage composition in the raw material of tube and pipe of aluminium alloy：Si 0.48%~ 0.52%, Fe 0.16%~0.20%, Cu≤0.05%, Mn≤0.05%, Mg 0.51%~0.55%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn≤0.05%, Ti 0.15%-0.25%, Pb 0.004%~0.01%, Ca+Na 0.001%~0.002%, Qi Tadan Individual constituent content≤0.05%, other element total amount≤0.15%, remaining as aluminium；The aluminium bar of above component using following process, Technique is processed into automobile gas spring novel aluminum alloy circular tube：
    1) hot extrusion
    Using horizontal extruder, power digital display adjustable electromagnetic induction heater is equipped with, aluminium bar heating uses gradient-heated technique, Machine temperature is on aluminium bar：500 DEG C~515 DEG C of head, 490 DEG C~505 DEG C of afterbody, discharging opening product observed temperature are controlled 520 DEG C~540 DEG C；
    Extrusion Die Design is combined type divergent die, and mould uses the high-quality steel of H13, and the assembling of mould domestic and foreign work calibrating strap is inlayed YG8N hard alloy, core rod sizing work band position uses high-temperature wearable hard YG8N tungsten alloy steel rings, and passes through fixed screw Locked installed in upper mould front end；Nib sizing work band also uses abrasion-resistive hard YG8N tungsten alloy steel rings, and passes through mechanical high-temperature Press-fitted be fixed in lower mould centre bore occupies just；
    2) cold working
    To the aluminium alloy material product obtained after step 1) processing, drawing is carried out using chain type pulling machine, chain type pulling machine uses Three-phase alternating current variable-frequency motor governing system is controlled；In drawing process, spray and move to pipe surfaces externally and internally fluid infusion Lubricating oil of the stickiness in 600~800cst scopes；
    3) finishing
    Long material product after step 2) drawing, then the alignment by straightener multiple roll spinning progress linearity, control product Circle beating degree in 0.05~0.08 scope, while be subject to school circle to the dimension of inner and outer diameters of product and out of roundness, and to drawing after Caused residual stress is discharged in product, product size and stable performance is not rebounded；
    4) finished product sawing
    Full-automatic dimension saw is programmed using (CNC), carried out by 15~20/S of single, mono- running speed back and forth full-automatic Scale sawing；
    5) degreasing
    Short material product after finished product sawing is used for diluting the drawing for being adhered to product surfaces externally and internally in dedicated slot by kerosene immersion Lubricating oil is pulled out, then through overpickling grease removal；Product after grease removal is adhered to the acid on surface by 4~6 Rinsing Areas immersion rinse again Liquid, enter drying oven and did low temperature drying processing with 75~90 DEG C/20~30 minutes；
    6) Ageing Treatment
    Product after step 5) processing, using 175 DEG C~190 DEG C/5.5~7h aging technique, carries out homogenizing hot place Reason, to meet the mechanical property and hardness requirement needed for product；
    7) machine
    Product after Wetted constructures, scale sawing, then using (CNC) programming fully-automatic chamfering machine on by outer C30 °, it is interior C60 ° carries out C chamferings inside and outside both ends；
    Product after two chamfers carries out one end internal tapping processing；
    8) cleaning and flash removed
    The tube and pipe of aluminium alloy product that step 7) processes, then after over cleaning and flash removed cleaning inspection are errorless, cased by flow Standby storehouse；
    Described automobile gas spring is with each alloying element weight/mass percentage composition in the raw material of aluminium alloy shaped-tube：Si 0.46% ~0.50%, Fe≤0.15%, Cu≤0.01%, Mn≤0.02%, Mg 0.70%~0.74%, Cr≤0.01%, Zn≤ 0.01%, Ti 0.015%-0.025%, Pb 0.0004%~0.001%, Ca+Na 0.001%~0.002%, Qi Tadan Individual constituent content≤0.01%, other element total amount≤0.1%, remaining as aluminium；Described automobile gas spring closes shape tube with aluminium There are two kinds of structures：Outline is five tooth flower type structures, and Internal periphery is seven tooth flower pattern, two kinds of structures.
  2. 2. the manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described The outline that automobile gas spring aluminium closes shape tube is five tooth flower type structures, and the outline of shape tube contains equally distributed 5 External tooth (1), it is arc groove (2) between adjacent external tooth (1), Internal periphery corresponding with external tooth (1) is inside groove (3).
  3. 3. the manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described The Internal periphery that automobile gas spring aluminium closes shape tube is seven tooth flower type structures, and the Internal periphery of shape tube contains equally distributed 7 Internal tooth (4), it is groove (5) between adjacent internal tooth (4).
  4. 4. the manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterised in that:
    Described automobile gas spring is with each alloying element weight/mass percentage composition in the raw material of tube and pipe of aluminium alloy：Si 0.48~ 0.52%, Fe 0.16~0.20%, Cu0.01~0.45%, Mn 0.01~0.45%, Mg 0.51~0.55%, Cr0.02 ~0.45%, Zn 0.02~0.45%, Ti 0.15-0.25%, Pb 0.005~0.008%, Ca+Na 0.0012~ 0.0018%, other individual element content≤0.04%, other element total amount≤0.12%, remaining as aluminium；
    Described automobile gas spring is with each alloying element weight/mass percentage composition in the raw material of aluminium alloy shaped-tube：Si 0.46% ~0.50%, Fe 0.05~0.14%, Cu0.002~0.009%, Mn 0.005~0.018%, Mg 0.70%~ 0.74%, Cr0.002~0.009%, Zn0.002~0.009%, Ti 0.015%-0.025%, Pb 0.0004%~ 0.001%, Ca+Na 0.001%~0.002%, other individual element content≤0.009%, other element total amounts≤ 0.09%, remaining as aluminium.
  5. 5. the manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Above-mentioned The extrusion die specification used in step 1) is Φ 180mm × 120T, and heating and thermal insulation time control is in 2~4h, extruding before production Machine temperature control is at 465 DEG C~485 DEG C on mould, and recipient heating and temperature control is in 420 DEG C~440 DEG C scopes.
  6. 6. the manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：In step 2) in, drawing process uses Φ 20 ± 0.1 × 2.0 ± 0.1 extruding material, 16.2 ± 0.1 × 13+ of drawing one-shot forming Φ 0/-0.08, Φ-mm.
  7. 7. the manufacture method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：In step 7) in, chamfering tool uses high-performance cobalt alloy (HSS-E) high-speed steel；Internal tapping processing using vertical gear formula it is full-automatic/hand Dynamic tapping machine, disk is hung to being alternately engaged, coordinating the operating of variable-frequency motor adjustable speed, driving chuck to move up and down using A/B gears, The high-quality high-speed steel spiral tap of assembling carries out blind hole internal tapping processing in chuck, and uses upper chip removal mode, coordinates motor pump Efficient screw-cutting oil spray is conveyed on product port and screw tap；Tapping is processed end and held between two parties using pneumatic clamps disk folder, uses Double fastener disk product clamping, magnetic float the mobile operation of motor control or so transposition.
CN201710800648.0A 2017-09-07 2017-09-07 The manufacturing method of automobile gas spring aluminum alloy combination pipe fitting Active CN107813104B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI719750B (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-02-21 金允成企業股份有限公司 Forging and forming method of aluminum alloy pipe fittings
CN118046188A (en) * 2024-04-03 2024-05-17 河北众塑管道科技有限公司 A method for producing a composite pipe with a multi-layer steel skeleton
CN119158990A (en) * 2024-10-30 2024-12-20 宝银特材科技股份有限公司 A preparation device for spiral plum blossom tube

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DE102008035184A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-02-04 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger for e.g. gas cooler, in motor vehicle air-conditioning system, has holder for fixing heat exchanger and connected to connecting section of heat exchanger in firmly bonded manner
CN104498786A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-04-08 马鞍山市新马精密铝业股份有限公司 Novel aluminium alloy material for photosensitive drum base body of printer

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1194014A (en) * 1995-09-01 1998-09-23 埃尔波斯里赫股份有限公司 Manufacture of thin pipes
EP0945197A1 (en) * 1998-03-27 1999-09-29 VAW Aluminium AG Composite metal sandwich sheet and method of manufacturing thereof
CN1489637A (en) * 2000-12-21 2004-04-14 �Ƹ��� Aluminum alloy products and artificial aging methods
DE102008035184A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-02-04 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger for e.g. gas cooler, in motor vehicle air-conditioning system, has holder for fixing heat exchanger and connected to connecting section of heat exchanger in firmly bonded manner
CN104498786A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-04-08 马鞍山市新马精密铝业股份有限公司 Novel aluminium alloy material for photosensitive drum base body of printer

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI719750B (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-02-21 金允成企業股份有限公司 Forging and forming method of aluminum alloy pipe fittings
CN118046188A (en) * 2024-04-03 2024-05-17 河北众塑管道科技有限公司 A method for producing a composite pipe with a multi-layer steel skeleton
CN118046188B (en) * 2024-04-03 2024-12-27 河北众塑管道科技有限公司 Production method of composite pipe with multi-layer steel skeleton
CN119158990A (en) * 2024-10-30 2024-12-20 宝银特材科技股份有限公司 A preparation device for spiral plum blossom tube

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Address after: 1450 Yanghu Road, Maanshan economic and Technological Development Zone, Anhui Province 243000

Patentee after: Ma'anshan Xinma Precision Aluminum Industry Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 1450 Yanghu Road, Maanshan economic and Technological Development Zone, Anhui Province 243000

Patentee before: MAANSHAN XINMA PRECISION ALUMINIUM INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd.