CN107810789A - Utilize the method for the heavy salinized soil of salt-tolerant lawn grass quick improvement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for quickly improving severe saline-alkali soil by using saline-alkali-tolerant turfgrass, and relates to the field of coastal severe saline-alkali land ecological management. The method is: ① saline-alkali soil finishing; ② paving and planting salt-tolerant turf; ③ maintenance and management. The invention is simple, low-cost, high-efficiency and fast; grows rapidly, quickly forms a flat, reduces soil moisture evaporation, effectively inhibits the rise of soil salinity, and is beneficial to the rapid improvement of coastal saline-alkali land; adapts to the low temperature in winter in Hebei, Tianjin, Dongying, Jiangsu and other places in China, and has Excellent landscape configuration effect; suitable for ecological restoration in Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, and Jiangsu coastal areas with severe saline-alkali, especially conducive to the stability of ecosystems in coastal areas with severe saline-alkali ecological fragility.

Description

A method for rapid improvement of severe saline-alkali soil by using saline-alkali-tolerant turfgrass

technical field

The invention relates to the field of ecological management of coastal severe saline-alkali land, in particular to a method for rapidly improving severe saline-alkali soil by using saline-alkali-tolerant turfgrass.

Background technique

my country has 550 million mu of various saline-alkali land resources and 33.7 million mu of severe saline-alkali land, which are the largest reserve cultivated land resources. In 2014, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance and other ten ministries and commissions jointly promulgated and implemented the "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening Saline-Alkali Land Management". In 2015, the first article of the No. 1 Central Document pointed out that "the implementation of scientific and technological projects for high-yield grain and saline-alkali land improvement technology demonstration" should be "implemented." Domestic improvement and utilization methods and technologies of saline-alkali land are summarized as follows: ① Physical improvement; ② Water conservancy improvement; ③ Chemical improvement; ④ Biological improvement.

Among the various measures to improve saline-alkali soil, from the perspective of saline-alkali land remediation efforts, salt-removal effects, and the scope of popularization, among various saline-alkali land improvement technical methods, using engineering drainage to wash salt is an important water conservancy technical measure. Improve the drainage facilities, other measures can fully play their role. However, under the current conditions of water resource constraints, environmental degradation and production costs, the improved development model that relied solely on excessive consumption of water resources in the past will undergo a major change.

Salt-alkali-tolerant turfgrass can not only beautify the environment, purify the air, adjust the microclimate, reduce noise, maintain water and soil, and prevent disasters, but also can effectively cover the bare topsoil in a short period of time, hinder the movement of water and salt, reduce the evaporation of ground water, and lower the surface layer. Salt content of the soil.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of high salinity, poor soil structure, inability to grow crops, high improvement cost and long time in the severe saline-alkali soil in the coastal area of East China, and provide a method for rapidly improving severe saline-alkali soil by using saline-alkali-tolerant turfgrass .

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

Specifically, this method includes the following steps:

①Saline-alkali soil finishing

In view of the characteristics of severe saline-alkali land that is sticky when wet, hard when dry, poor ventilation and water permeability, use 10-15 cubic meters of organic fertilizer per mu, including manure, compost and peat, and plow 10-30 cm deep. Loosen the topsoil and flatten it with a roller to make it compact. Potholes must be filled up, otherwise water will cause the bermudagrass to die, which is not conducive to pruning;

②Planting salt-tolerant turf

June-August is the rainy season, and the salt content of the soil is reduced. It is the best season for laying salt-tolerant turf on severely saline-alkali land. Cut the turf into (30-50cm)×(30-100cm) turf pieces, with 1-2cm of soil , should not be too thick, so as not to be too heavy, and it is inconvenient to plant. When laying turf, no distance should be left at the joints of the turf, and the joints of the turf should be filled with fine soil; The roller is pressed and flattened, so that the grass surface is level with the surrounding soil surface, and the turf is closely connected with the soil;

③Conservation management

Water should be fully watered before and after laying turf; according to the nutrient status of saline-alkali land and the growth needs of turfgrass, determine the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and use trace elements to carry out formula fertilization, N:P:K=1:2:2; Irrigate overwintering water before freezing to prevent spring drought, stabilize ground temperature, and enhance the cold resistance of turfgrass; water thoroughly during the salt return period in spring to inhibit return salt.

Working mechanism:

The salt contained in the bottom soil and groundwater of the saline-alkali soil, due to the evaporation of the ground, the water containing the salt rises to the surface layer with the capillary action of the soil. After the water evaporates, the salt remains on the surface of the soil and accumulates to form a saline-alkali land (soil ). Salt-tolerant turfgrass is dense in texture, fast in lawn building, can quickly form surface vegetation, and can effectively cover bare topsoil in a short period of time, hinder water and salt movement, reduce ground water evaporation, and reduce the salt content of topsoil

The present invention has following advantage and positive effect:

①Simple, low-cost, efficient and fast;

②Grows rapidly, quickly forms flats, reduces soil moisture evaporation, effectively inhibits the rise of soil salinity, and is conducive to the rapid improvement of coastal saline-alkali land;

③ Adapt to the low temperature in winter in Hebei, Tianjin, Dongying, Jiangsu and other places in China, and have excellent landscape configuration effects;

④It is suitable for the ecological restoration of Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, and Jiangsu coastal areas with severe saline-alkali, and especially contributes to the stability of ecosystems in coastal areas with severe saline-alkali ecological fragility.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1-1 is the front picture of embodiment 1;

Fig. 1-2 is the back picture of embodiment 1;

Fig. 2-1 is the front picture of embodiment 2;

Fig. 2-2 is the back picture of embodiment 2;

Fig. 3-1 is the front picture of embodiment 3;

Figure 3-2 is the rear picture of embodiment 3.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment describe in detail:

1. Embodiment

1. Embodiment 1:

1) The construction season is July 2014, and the site is in Tianjin Dagang Oilfield;

2) The soil is coastal heavily saline-alkali land with a salt content of 2.1%. Apply 13 cubic meters of cow dung per mu as the base fertilizer. Combined with plowing the land for 30 cm, mix the cow dung into the soil and rake it flat;

3) Pave the saline-alkali-resistant turfgrass, the turf is 33-100 cm in strips, and plant tightly, leaving no gaps as much as possible. After paving, pat it down with a spade to keep the soil moist until the root system is established;

4) Irrigate with frozen water at the end of November 2014, water thoroughly before turning green in spring of 2014, and apply compound fertilizer NPK: 17-20-8, 20 kg/mu every month during the growing season;

5) Strictly cut the grass according to the 1/3 principle (that is, the part of the leaves cut off should be less than 1/3 of the total number of leaves when pruning each time), cut the grass once every 7 days, and the grass cutting height is 3cm;

6) Effect evaluation:

Figure 1-1, 1-2;

Salt-alkali-tolerant turfgrass turf takes root in 3 days, and after 15 days, the survival rate of salt-tolerant turfgrass reaches more than 90%;

Saline-alkali-tolerant turfgrass survived the winter safely in 2014-2015, with good greening and good landscape effect;

Salt-alkali tolerant turfgrass lawns safely passed the salt return period in spring of 2014, 2015 and 2016;

The soil salinity is significantly reduced, the organic matter content is increased, and the structure is improved.

2. Embodiment 2:

The construction season is summer, and the location is Longju Town, Dongying City, Shandong Province.

1) The soil is coastal sandy saline-alkali land with a salt content of 1.1%. Apply 13 cubic meters of cow dung per mu as the base fertilizer, combined with plowing the land for 30 cm, mix the cow dung into the soil, and rake it;

2) Plant saline-alkali tolerant lawn grass, about 15-20 grass stems per hole, plant according to the ratio of 1:5, keep the soil moist until the root system is established;

3) Irrigate with frozen water at the end of November 2014, water thoroughly before turning green in the spring of 2014, and apply compound fertilizer NPK: 17-20-8, 20 kg/mu every month during the growing season;

4) Cut the grass strictly according to the 1/3 principle, cut the grass once every 7 days, and cut the grass at a height of 3cm;

5) Effect evaluation:

As shown in Figure 2-1, 2-2;

After 15 days of planting, the saline-alkali-tolerant turfgrass has a survival rate of over 90%, and the coverage in September reaches over 90%;

Saline-alkali-tolerant turfgrass survived the winter safely in 2014-2015, with good greening and good landscape effects;

Salt-alkali tolerant turfgrass lawns safely passed the salt return period in spring of 2014, 2015 and 2016;

The soil salinity is significantly reduced, the organic matter content is increased, and the structure is improved.

3. Embodiment 3:

1) The construction season is July 2016, and the location is in Hebei Province;

2) The soil is coastal severe saline-alkali land with a salt content of 3.1%. Apply 13 cubic meters of cow dung per mu as the base fertilizer, combined with plowing the land for 30 cm, mix the cow dung into the soil, and rake it;

3) Pave and plant salt-tolerant turfgrass, the turf is 33-100 cm strips, tightly pave and plant without leaving gaps as much as possible. After planting, pat with a shovel to keep the soil moist until the root system is established;

4) Cut the grass strictly according to the 1/3 principle, cut the grass once every 7 days, and cut the grass at a height of 3cm;

5) Effect evaluation:

As shown in Figure 3-1 and 3-2;

Salt-alkali-tolerant turfgrass turf takes root in 3 days, and after 15 days, the survival rate of saline-alkali-tolerant turfgrass reaches more than 95%;

The soil salinity is significantly reduced, the organic matter content is increased, and the structure is improved.

Claims (1)

1. A kind of 1. method using the heavy salinized soil of salt-tolerant lawn grass quick improvement, it is characterised in that：

   1. saline-alkali soil arranges

   Sticked when for heavy salinized wet, hard when doing, ventilation, permeable bad feature, every mu uses the organic of 10-15 cubic meters Fertilizer, including barnyard manure, compost and peat, deep plough 10-30 centimetres, pay attention to prepartion of land during site preparation and fertilization, loose table soil are ploughed, with roller bearing pressure It is flat, make its consolidation, must be filled and led up at hollow, otherwise ponding, salt tolerant Bermuda grass can be caused dead, be unfavorable for trimming again；

   2. sod salt tolerant turf

   The 6-8 months are rainy season, and soil salt content reduces, and is the optimum season for sodding salt tolerant Bermuda grass turf heavy salinizedly, by grass Skin is cut into（30-50cm）×（30-100cm）Divot, it is unsuitable blocked up with native 1-2cm, in order to avoid too heavy, also not side when sodding Just, when sodding turf, turf seam crossing should be made not stay distance, turf seam crossing is filled out with fine earth；It is left with 500-1000kg on careless face Right heavy roller presses and scrapes, and makes careless face equal with surrounding soil face, and turf touches with soil；

   3. maintenance management

   All should fully it be watered before laying turf and after sodding；According to salt-soda soil nutrient situation and Turfgrass Growth needs, really Determine nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio, compounding application trace element, carry out rational application of fertilizers, N：P：K=1：2：2；Water of surviving the winter is poured before facing frost, in advance Anti- spring arid, ground temperature is stabilized, strengthen the cold tolerance of turfgrass；The accumulation of salt in the surface soil phase in spring pours permeable, the suppression accumulation of salt in the surface soil.