CN107817131A - A kind of deep sea water and dissolved gas harvester and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device and method. By setting a gas/water collection channel, a vacuum valve and an overflow hole on the sampling bottle, one end of the high-pressure sealing cabin connected between the sampling bottle and the high-pressure sealing cabin Set up the air/water collection inlet and solenoid valve, and carry out negative pressure treatment on the sample storage bin in advance to realize sample collection, and then quickly enter the sampling bottle through the air/water collection inlet and the opened solenoid valve through the air/water collection channel, and the collection is completed. In the process of extracting the collection device, the volume of the sample storage chamber is changed by the automatic movement of the balance piston, and then the internal pressure is changed to maintain the balance of the pressure inside and outside the sample storage chamber, so as to ensure the safe pressure relief and retrieval of the collection device. After the collection device is retracted, the collection device is first connected to the degassing device through the vacuum valve to receive the water-soluble gas, and then the water body sample is collected through the vacuum valve to achieve complete sampling.

Description

A deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine detection equipment, and in particular relates to a deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device and method.

Background technique

Deep-sea seawater collection devices mainly include two main types: self-locking flip-cap water collection bottles and negative pressure extraction in-situ airtight water collection bottles, as well as some types based on these two types. Among them, the main structure of the self-locking flip-top water collection bottle includes several parts such as a water collection cylinder, a ball cover, a release device, a fixing frame, a wire rope groove, and a control system. The first spherical cover is kept open, and when the predetermined water collection depth is reached, the switch of the water collection device is controlled by means of pressure switch elements, cables, etc., so that the two spherical covers at both ends of the water collection cylinder are closed, and the seawater in the cylinder is preserved. . This type of water collection bottle can be installed with multiple water collection bottles each time to form a multiple seawater collection system. The characteristics of this type of water collection bottle are that the overall volume of the device is relatively large, and the water collection volume is large, generally 2-8 liters. The operation is relatively simple, but due to This type of water collection bottle adopts an elastic rope sealing structure, so it is difficult for the water collection bottle to preserve the water-soluble gas remaining in the seawater. At the same time, the water collection device needs to rely on CTD collection system, deck power supply, deck control system, transmission system, etc. .

Another kind of water collection bottle is a negative pressure extraction type in-situ airtight water collection bottle. The main structure of this type of water collection bottle includes an extraction piston, a buffer piston, a working chamber, an exhaust port, an external pressure port, a water storage chamber, a water inlet, The water outlet and other parts, the main material of the water collection bottle is stainless steel. According to the principle of negative pressure extraction, the working chamber is pre-filled with water, and the extraction piston is kept balanced and sealed. When the water collection device is lowered to the predetermined water collection depth, the water collection system The medium negative pressure chamber is opened, the pre-installed water in the working chamber flows to the negative pressure chamber, and at the same time, the balance piston moves towards the working chamber, and the sample storage chamber has negative pressure at the same time. When the preloaded water in the working chamber runs out, the balance piston moves completely to the working chamber, the sample storage chamber is filled with seawater, and the seawater in the sample storage chamber is preserved. The characteristics of this type of water collection bottle are that the operation is more complicated, the system work is not stable enough, and the water collection volume is small. The working cavity needs to be filled with water through the pressure pump before each water collection. The work of the water collection bottle also requires multiple components such as a hyperbaric chamber, power supply, underwater computer, control system, preset software, negative pressure tank, balance chamber, and connection structure. Water collection can only be realized by forming a collection system, and the water collection volume is 200ml.

The existing self-locking flip-top water collection bottle is relatively large in size, and is suitable for collecting stratified seawater in multiple layers. Usually, it is necessary to rely on the control system of the temperature, salinity and depth instrument (CTD) to detect information such as seawater temperature, salinity, and depth. And hanger frame, can install multiple water sampling bottles at the same time, but this type of water sampling bottle adopts elastic rope sealing structure, it is difficult to completely preserve the water-soluble gas remaining in seawater, this water sampling bottle is mainly used for not paying attention to the content of gas components in water Geological surveys and marine environmental surveys in marine areas where there is a relatively large demand for water samples. For projects such as resource surveys or scientific investigations that focus on the gas content in water and do not require a lot of water, it is not suitable to use this water collection bottle.

The structure of the negative pressure extraction type in-situ airtight water collection bottle is relatively complicated. The water collection bottle also needs multiple components such as a hyperbaric chamber, power supply, underwater computer, control system, preset software, negative pressure barrel, balance chamber, and connection structure. The collection system can realize the airtight collection of seawater. Since the water collection bottle is based on the working principle of negative pressure extraction, it is necessary to evacuate the negative pressure barrel into a vacuum through the vacuum pump to create a negative pressure before each water collection, and use a high-pressure water pump. The cavity is filled with water to reserve the space for the piston to move, and the on-site operation procedures are cumbersome and usually require professional personnel to operate.

To sum up, the existing types of water collection bottles have the following disadvantages: 1) The operation steps are cumbersome and are not suitable for on-site use on board; 2) The volume is too large to be carried and used; 3) It is difficult to preserve the water-soluble gas remaining in seawater; 4 ) requires professionals to operate.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device and method, which can realize safe and fast collection and airtight storage of water-soluble gas and water in the collection area, and the collection equipment is small in size and easy to operate.

In order to achieve the above object, the concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device, comprising: a high-pressure sealed cabin and a sampling bottle; the sampling bottle includes a closed shell and an internal sample storage bin, the end of the sample storage bin is provided with a balance piston, and the balance piston The side wall of the cavity is provided with an overflow hole communicating with it, and the side wall of the sample storage bin is provided with a vacuum valve communicating with the outside world;

The high-pressure sealed cabin includes a high-voltage sealed cabin body and an internal transformer, a circuit board and a solenoid valve. The transformer is arranged at the end of the high-pressure sealed cabin body, and one side thereof is provided with a circuit board fixing frame, and the circuit board is provided with On the circuit board fixing frame, the other end of the high-pressure sealed cabin is provided with the electromagnetic valve, and a position limiting mechanism for the electromagnetic valve is provided between the electromagnetic valve and the circuit board fixing frame. A limit ring, the end of the high-pressure sealed cabin is provided with a watertight connector;

The inlet end of the sample storage bin is provided with an air/water collection channel communicated with its inner cavity, and a one-way valve is arranged in the air/water collection channel; the solenoid valve communicates with the air/water collection channel, And then communicate with the sample storage bin;

One end of the high-pressure sealed cabin body connected to the sampling bottle is provided with a threaded connector, and the closed shell of the sampling bottle is connected with the high-pressure sealed cabin body through the threaded connector; An air/water collection inlet is provided, one end of the air/water collection inlet communicates with the outside, and the other end communicates with the solenoid valve;

Both ends of the sampling bottle and the high-pressure sealed cabin are sealed.

Further, the vacuum valve includes two, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the side wall of the sample storage bin.

Further, an O-ring coated with polytetrafluoroethylene is used for sealing between the sample storage chamber and the piston.

Further, the balance piston includes a compression spring and a piston body, and the compression spring is located between the piston body and the end of the closed casing.

The present invention also provides the method that utilizes described deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device to collect, comprising the following steps:

a. connect the circuit system of the acquisition device with the on-board power supply through a high-voltage watertight cable;

b. Connect the collection device to the on-board vacuum pump through the vacuum valve, and evacuate the sample storage bin to a vacuum;

c. Lowering the collection device to the specified layer depth in the collection area by using the ship-borne carrying facilities;

d. Open the electromagnetic valve through the control of the deck circuit, the seawater outside the sampling bottle enters the sample storage bin from the air/water collection inlet through the electromagnetic valve, and close the electromagnetic valve after collecting the preset time. valve, the collected sample is stored in the sample storage bin, and the collection is completed;

e. Lifting the collection device from the collection area, the balance piston automatically moves due to the pressure difference and the elasticity of the compression spring, changing the volume of the sample storage bin to maintain the balance of pressure inside and outside the sample storage bin;

f. After the device is lifted to the deck of the cabin, the degassing device is connected through the vacuum valve, and the samples in the sample storage bin are respectively collected to obtain water-soluble gas samples and water body samples in sequence.

Further, in step d, the preset collection time is 2-3 minutes.

A device and method for collecting deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas provided by the present invention, by setting a gas/water collection channel, a vacuum valve and an overflow hole on the sampling bottle, at one end of the high-pressure sealed cabin connected between the sampling bottle and the high-pressure sealed cabin Set the air/water collection inlet and solenoid valve. Negative pressure treatment is performed on the sample storage bin in advance through the vacuum valve, and the sample is collected according to the principle of the lowest energy during sampling; the sample is quickly entered into the sampling bottle through the gas/water collection inlet and the opened solenoid valve, and then through the gas/water collection channel, and passed through The one-way valve in the air/water collection channel controls the sample to be stored in the sample storage bin without backflow. After the collection is completed, in the process of extracting the collection device, one side of the balance piston communicates with the external seawater through the overflow hole. According to the principle of pressure self-adaptive balance, the balance piston moves automatically due to the dual effects of pressure difference and compression spring elasticity. Furthermore, the pressure inside and outside the sample storage bin is maintained by changing the volume of the sample storage bin to change the internal pressure of the sample storage bin. This process can ensure safe pressure relief and retrieval of the collection device. After the collection device is retracted, the collection device is first connected to the degassing device through the vacuum valve to collect water-soluble gas, and then the water body sample is collected through the vacuum valve to achieve complete sampling.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device provided by the present invention;

1. High-pressure sealed cabin, 11. High-pressure sealed cabin, 12. Transformer, 13. Solenoid valve, 131. Solenoid valve spool, 14. Circuit board fixing frame, 15. Limit ring, 16. Watertight connector, 17. threaded connectors;

2. Sampling bottle, 21. Closed shell, 22. Sample storage bin, 23. Balance piston, 231. Compression spring, 24. Overflow hole, 25. Vacuum valve, 26. Air/water collection inlet, 27. One-way valve .

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

A kind of deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas acquisition device, as shown in Figure 1, comprises: high-pressure sealed cabin 1 and sampling bottle 2; The balance piston 23 is provided with an overflow hole 24 communicating with it on the side wall of the cavity where the balance piston 23 is located, and a vacuum valve 25 communicating with the outside is provided on the side wall of the sample storage bin 22;

High-pressure airtight cabin 1 comprises high-pressure airtight cabin body 11 and internal transformer 12, circuit board and electromagnetic valve, and transformer 12 is located at the end of high-pressure airtight cabin body 11, and one side thereof is provided with circuit board holder 14, and circuit board is located at circuit board. On the board fixing frame 14, the other end of the high-pressure sealing cabin body 11 is provided with a solenoid valve, and between the solenoid valve and the circuit board fixing bracket 14 is provided with a limit ring 15 for limiting the solenoid valve, and the high-pressure sealing cabin body 11 The end is provided with a watertight connector 16;

The inlet end of the sample storage bin 22 is provided with an air/water collection channel communicating with its inner cavity, and a one-way valve 27 is arranged in the air/water collection channel; the solenoid valve 13 is connected with the air/water collection channel, and the solenoid valve spool 131 enters the The gas/water collection channel communicates with the sample storage bin 22;

One end that the high-pressure sealed cabin body 11 is connected with the sampling bottle is provided with a threaded connector 17, and the closed shell 21 of the sampling bottle is connected with the high-pressure sealed cabin body 11 through the threaded connector 17; the closed shell 21 of the sampling bottle 2 is provided with an air/water Collection inlet 26, one end of the gas/water collection inlet 26 communicates with the outside, and the other end communicates with the solenoid valve 13;

The ends of the sampling bottle 2 and the high-pressure sealed cabin body 11 are all sealed.

Two vacuum valves 25 are provided on both sides of the side wall of the sample storage chamber 22 respectively. In this solution, an O-ring coated with polytetrafluoroethylene is preferably used for sealing between the sample storage bin 22 and the piston.

The balance piston 23 includes a spring compression spring 231 and a piston body, the spring compression spring 231 is located between the piston body and the end of the closed casing 21 .

Among them, the high-pressure airtight compartment: used to store electronic components such as circuit boards, solenoid valves 13, transformers 12, circuit board fixing frames 14, watertight connectors 16, etc., can ensure that the electronic components inside remain sealed under high-pressure water.

Circuit board fixing frame 14: arranged in the center of the high-pressure sealed cabin 11, used to fix the circuit board to ensure that the position of the circuit board in the high-pressure sealed cabin 11 is fixed.

Transformer 12: Stored inside the high-voltage sealed cabin 11, it is used to convert the 220v voltage onboard to the 24v voltage suitable for the sampling bottle 2 to work.

Limiting ring 15: located at the end of the high-pressure sealed cabin 11 close to the sampling bottle 2, mainly used to fix the position of the high-pressure solenoid valve 13 and limit the free movement of the high-pressure solenoid valve 13 in the high-pressure sealed cabin 11.

Solenoid valve 13: it is a switch to control the flow of external seawater into the sample storage bin 22, and its opening and closing is controlled by the circuit board, the on-board power supply and the control system. Normally it is in the closed state, once it is opened, the external seawater enters the relatively negative pressure sample storage chamber 22 through the air/water collection inlet 26 immediately.

Air/water collection channel: located at the end of the sample storage bin 22 close to the high-pressure sealed cabin 1, a check valve 27 is provided in the gas/water collection channel, which communicates with the solenoid valve 13 at the end of the high-pressure sealed cabin 11. Before the water is collected, the electromagnetic valve 13 is closed, the air/water collection channel and the sample storage bin 22 are in a vacuum state, and the seawater from the outside cannot enter the pipeline and flow into the sample storage bin 22 through the one-way valve 27; when it is necessary to collect water, the electromagnetic valve 13 Open, the air/water collection channel is in communication with the one-way valve 27 and the sample storage bin 22. According to the principle of the lowest energy, the water from the outside immediately enters the sample storage bin 22 through the channel.

One-way valve 27: the setting of the one-way valve 27 is to ensure the flow direction of the gas/water sample, so as to ensure that the collected gas/water sample will not flow back.

Balance piston 23: is made up of spring compression spring 231 and piston body. It is used to adjust the internal and external pressure balance of the sample storage bin 22. The balance piston 23 communicates with the outside world through the overflow hole 24, and the pressure moment is the same as that of the outside world. The direction of the warehouse 22 moves to the extreme, but limited by the limit point, the piston can only move to the limit position at most. During the recovery process of the sampling bottle 2, the sample storage bin 22 is in a relatively high pressure state. With the continuous decrease of the external water pressure on one side of the piston, according to the pressure self-adaptive balance principle, the balance piston 23 slowly moves away from the gas/water collection inlet 26 , the volume inside the sample storage bin 22 is continuously increasing, and the pressure is gradually decreasing. In addition to the action of the spring compression spring 231 on the other side, the internal and external pressure of the sample storage bin 22 can be kept in balance.

Overflow hole 24: a window for the piston to communicate with the outside world. The overflow hole 24 keeps the pressure on one side of the piston the same as the outside world at all times.

Watertight connector 16: it is the bond that the transformer 12 in the high-voltage sealed cabin body 11, the circuit board are connected with the high-voltage watertight cable, and is the bridge that the sampling bottle 2 is connected with the on-board power supply.

The present invention also provides the method that utilizes described deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device to collect:

a. Connect the circuit system of the acquisition device with the on-board power supply through a high-voltage watertight cable.

b. Connect the collection device to the on-board vacuum pump through the vacuum valve 25, and pump the sample storage bin 22 to a vacuum.

c. Use ship-borne steel cables, winches or other carrying facilities to lower the collection device to the specified layer depth in the collection area.

d. Open the electromagnetic valve 13 through the control of the deck circuit, and the seawater outside the sampling bottle 2 enters the sample storage bin 22 from the air/water collection inlet 26 through the electromagnetic valve 13. After collecting the preset time, close the electromagnetic valve 13, and the collected samples are stored in the In the sample storage bin 22, the collection is completed; usually the preset collection time is 2-3 minutes.

e. Lift the collection device from the collection area, the balance piston 23 will automatically move due to the pressure difference and the elasticity of the spring compression spring 231, and change the volume of the sample storage bin 22 to maintain the balance of the internal and external pressure of the sample storage bin 22.

f. After the device is lifted to the deck of the cabin, the degassing device is connected through the vacuum valve 25, and the samples in the sample storage bin 22 are respectively collected to obtain water-soluble gas samples and water body samples in sequence.

Before the sampling bottle 2 is launched into the water, the vacuum valve 25 is connected to the vacuum pump, and the sample storage bin 22 is evacuated in advance to artificially create a negative pressure, and the sample storage bin 22 is directly used as a negative pressure bin.

One end of the sample storage bin 22 is sealed, and the other end is connected to a freely movable piston. A suitable spring compression spring 231 is installed on the other side of the piston, and communicates with the external seawater through the overflow hole 24. The movement of the piston can indirectly expand the sample storage. The space of the warehouse 22, thereby realizing the safe release of pressure. During the recovery process of the sampling bottle 2, with the slow rise of the sampling bottle 2, the water pressure outside the sampling bottle 2 gradually decreases. The piston moves slightly, and the movement of the piston expands the volume of the sample storage chamber 22, and the pressure in the chamber decreases accordingly. The sampling bottle 2 rises gradually, the piston moves gradually, the pressure in the sample storage bin 22 gradually decreases, and the pressure in the sample bin 22 is completely released when it reaches the sea surface. In this way, the high pressure in the sample storage bin 22 can be safely released.

In the deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device provided by the present invention, a pre-evacuated sample storage bin 22 is arranged inside the sampling bottle 2, that is, a negative pressure bin. The outside of the sampling bottle 2 is a deep-sea environment with a certain high pressure. There is a large pressure difference, and the negative pressure chamber and the external seawater communicate or close through the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 13. Once the solenoid valve 13 is opened, the negative pressure chamber is connected with the external deep sea environment. According to the principle of minimum energy, the external environment is relatively high pressure The seawater will enter the relatively low-pressure negative pressure chamber, so as to realize the collection of seawater. In addition, the seal between the sample storage bin 22 and the piston is sealed by an O-ring coated with polytetrafluoroethylene, so that the collected seawater samples can be stored airtight.

Advantages compared with existing technologies:

Advantages of gas-sealed storage: the self-locking flip-cap water collection bottle adopts an elastic rope sealing structure, the sealing degree is not high enough, and it is difficult to completely preserve the water-soluble gas retained in seawater, and this device uses Teflon-coated O-rings The sealing method is better, and it is more conducive to the preservation of water-soluble gas in seawater samples.

The design advantage of the negative pressure chamber structure: the vacuum extraction type water collection bottle is used as a negative pressure chamber by setting an additional negative pressure barrel. This device is to vacuumize the sample storage chamber 22 in advance, and directly use the sample storage chamber 22 as a negative pressure chamber. Compared with the ballast, the structure of this device is simpler, the system is more stable, the design is more ingenious, and the volume is smaller, so it is more convenient to operate and carry.

Advantages of the high-pressure release scheme of the sample chamber: the vacuum extraction water bottle releases the high pressure in the sample chamber by suspending a balance barrel, and this device is based on the principle of pressure self-adaptive balance, relying on the piston, spring compression spring 231, overflow The structural design of the hole 24 makes the piston move with the change of external pressure, and the volume of the sample storage bin 22 changes accordingly, thereby realizing the safe release of the pressure of the sample storage bin 22 . The safe release of the pressure of the sample storage chamber 22 is realized by the free movement of the piston. In contrast, the structure of the device is simpler, safer, more stable, smaller in size, lighter in weight, and more convenient to operate and carry.

As a clean energy source in the future, natural gas hydrate has received extensive attention all over the world. International research on the geochemical anomalies of gas hydrates mainly focuses on the anomalies of hydrocarbon gas concentrations in sediments, pore water and bottom seawater, as well as the composition of C and O isotopes and their relationship with gas hydrates. The abnormality of hydrocarbon gas (such as methane) and other gases (such as H ₂ S) in seawater is one of the important signs to identify the existence of natural gas hydrate, CH ₄ /C ₂ H ₆ or C ₁ /(C ₂ +C ₃ ) The ratio of δ 13C in _{CH 4} and δ 13C can be used to identify the source and origin of natural gas hydrate; the gas content in deep-sea seawater can identify the reserves of deep-sea resources to a certain extent _. The detection of distribution can provide clues and basis for fast and efficient exploration of natural gas hydrate resources. The study of gas in deep seawater and seawater is also a frontier topic in current marine scientific research. How to quickly collect information that can truly reflect the composition of in-situ gas The seawater sample is a research hotspot in the field of marine technology in recent years, and the airtight collection of deep seawater is of great significance. Most of the existing conventional water sampling devices are used to simply collect water samples, and less consideration is given to the preservation of gas, which cannot meet the needs of gas research in deep sea water. Some water collection bottles, such as negative pressure extraction water collection bottles, can collect gas-holding seawater, but the water collection device and operation process are very complicated and cumbersome, which is not conducive to the rapid collection of on-site samples on board.

Based on the principle of minimum energy and self-adaptive pressure balance, the device is equipped with a high-pressure sealed cabin 1, a transformer 12, a high-pressure watertight cable, a circuit board, a limit ring 15, a solenoid valve 13, a one-way valve 27, a sample storage bin 22, a balance Piston 23, vacuum valve 25, spring compression spring 231, etc. realize the rapid collection of on-site seawater and dissolved gas samples on board. Airtight sampling of deep sea water is realized. The device has the characteristics of small size, low weight, simple operation, easy to carry and maintain, etc. This invention further supplements and improves the rapid collection method of deep-sea seawater and water-soluble gas carried by ships, and makes up for the rapid collection of water and gas on site in the investigation of hydrate resources. The lack of identification of chemical anomaly signs provides necessary technical support for the exploration and analysis of natural gas hydrate resources in my country's sea areas.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. These new embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the present invention, and are also included in the invention described in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. a deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device, is characterized in that, comprises: high-pressure sealed cabin and sampling bottle; The sampling bottle includes a closed shell and an internal sample storage bin. A balance piston is provided at the end of the sample storage bin, and an overflow hole communicating with it is provided on the side wall of the cavity where the balance piston is located. A vacuum valve communicating with the outside world is provided on the side wall of the storage bin; The high-pressure sealed cabin includes a high-voltage sealed cabin body and an internal transformer, a circuit board and a solenoid valve. The transformer is arranged at the end of the high-pressure sealed cabin body, and one side thereof is provided with a circuit board fixing frame, and the circuit board is provided with On the circuit board fixing frame, the other end of the high-pressure sealed cabin is provided with the electromagnetic valve, and a position limiting mechanism for the electromagnetic valve is provided between the electromagnetic valve and the circuit board fixing frame. A limit ring, the end of the high-pressure sealed cabin is provided with a watertight connector; The inlet end of the sample storage bin is provided with an air/water collection channel communicating with its inner cavity, and a one-way valve is arranged in the air/water collection channel; the solenoid valve communicates with the air/water collection channel, And then communicate with the sample storage bin; One end of the high-pressure sealed cabin body connected to the sampling bottle is provided with a threaded connector, and the closed shell of the sampling bottle is connected with the high-pressure sealed cabin body through the threaded connector; An air/water collection inlet is provided, one end of the air/water collection inlet communicates with the outside, and the other end communicates with the solenoid valve; Both ends of the sampling bottle and the high-pressure sealed cabin are sealed. 2 . The deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device according to claim 1 , wherein the vacuum valve comprises two, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the side wall of the sample storage bin. 3 . 3 . The deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device according to claim 1 , wherein an O-ring coated with polytetrafluoroethylene is used for sealing between the sample storage bin and the piston. 4 . 4. A deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collection device according to claim 1, wherein the balance piston includes a spring compression spring and a piston body, and the spring compression spring is located between the piston body and the closed casing between the ends. 5. utilize the method for collecting deep-sea seawater and dissolved gas collecting device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: a. connect the circuit system of the acquisition device with the on-board power supply through a high-voltage watertight cable; b. Connect the collection device to the on-board vacuum pump through the vacuum valve, and evacuate the sample storage bin to a vacuum; c. Lowering the collection device to the specified layer depth in the collection area by using the ship-borne carrying facilities; d. Open the electromagnetic valve through the control of the deck circuit, the seawater outside the sampling bottle enters the sample storage bin from the air/water collection inlet through the electromagnetic valve, and close the electromagnetic valve after collecting the preset time. valve, the collected sample is stored in the sample storage bin, and the collection is completed; e. Lifting the collection device from the collection area, the balance piston automatically moves due to the pressure difference and the elasticity of the compression spring, changing the volume of the sample storage bin to maintain the balance of pressure inside and outside the sample storage bin; f. After the device is lifted to the deck of the cabin, the degassing device is connected through the vacuum valve, and the samples in the sample storage bin are respectively collected to obtain water-soluble gas samples and water body samples in sequence. 6. The collection method according to claim 4, characterized in that, in step d, the collection preset time is 2-3 minutes.