CN107728203A - Method and device for determining development degree of carbonate reservoir - Google Patents
Method and device for determining development degree of carbonate reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及油气田勘探技术领域,尤其涉及一种碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的确定方法及装置。The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field exploration, in particular to a method and device for determining the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs.
背景技术Background technique
碳酸盐岩储层在我国分布面积广、厚度大,具有良好的勘探开发前景和巨大潜力,是我国油气资源战略接替的重要领域。因此识别碳酸盐岩储层的发育程度对油气资源的勘探和开发有着重要意义。Carbonate reservoirs are widely distributed and thick in my country, with good exploration and development prospects and great potential, and are important areas for the strategic succession of oil and gas resources in my country. Therefore, it is of great significance to identify the development degree of carbonate reservoirs for the exploration and development of oil and gas resources.
由于碳酸盐岩储层多与岩溶作用相关,优质碳酸盐岩储层在地震剖面上表现为异常强振幅的“串珠状”的地震反射特征。这些“串珠状”的地震反射特征在地震波形、振幅值等地球物理参数上不尽相同,往往指示着碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的差异性。利用地震波形、振幅值等地球物理参数定量描述碳酸盐岩储层发育程度,对指导碳酸盐岩井位部署,提高碳酸盐岩钻井成功率及储层钻遇率有重要意义。Since carbonate reservoirs are mostly related to karstification, high-quality carbonate reservoirs appear as "beaded" seismic reflection features with abnormally strong amplitudes on the seismic profile. These "beaded" seismic reflection features are different in geophysical parameters such as seismic waveform and amplitude, and often indicate differences in the development degree of carbonate reservoirs. Using geophysical parameters such as seismic waveform and amplitude to quantitatively describe the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs is of great significance for guiding the deployment of carbonate rock wells and improving the success rate of carbonate rock drilling and reservoir drilling rate.
因此,如何利用地震波形、振幅值等地球物理参数定量描述碳酸盐岩储层发育程度是本领域技术人员亟需解决的技术问题。Therefore, how to use geophysical parameters such as seismic waveforms and amplitude values to quantitatively describe the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs is a technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve urgently.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的确定方法及装置,以实现能定量确定碳酸盐岩储层发育程度。The invention provides a method and device for determining the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs, so as to realize the quantitative determination of the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs.
第一方面,本发明提供一种碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的确定方法,包括:In the first aspect, the present invention provides a method for determining the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs, including:
获取预设区域的地震资料;Obtain seismic data in the preset area;
根据所述预设区域的已测井资料以及所述地震资料,获取所述预设区域的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息;其中,所述已测井资料为所述预设区域内已钻到碳酸盐岩目的层段的测井资料;According to the well-logged data and the seismic data of the preset area, the location information of the carbonate reservoir development section in the preset area is obtained; wherein, the logged data is the preset area The well logging data of the carbonate rock target section that has been drilled;
对所述地震资料中包含至少一个完整波形的碳酸盐岩储层发育段进行均方根振幅属性提取,得到提取结果;所述提取结果包括:所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的振幅值;Perform root mean square amplitude attribute extraction on the carbonate reservoir development segment containing at least one complete waveform in the seismic data to obtain an extraction result; the extraction result includes: the amplitude of the carbonate reservoir development segment value;
根据所述提取结果中的振幅值计算碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育指数;Calculate the reservoir development index of the carbonate reservoir development section according to the amplitude value in the extraction result;
根据所述储层发育指数以及所述提取结果中的振幅值确定所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的发育程度。The development degree of the carbonate reservoir development section is determined according to the reservoir development index and the amplitude value in the extraction result.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,根据所述预设区域的已测井资料以及所述地震资料,获取所述预设区域的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息,包括:Optionally, as an implementable manner, according to the logged data of the preset area and the seismic data, the location information of the carbonate reservoir development section in the preset area is obtained, including:
根据所述已测井资料获取已钻井的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息,并利用所述地震资料在时间域地震剖面上或者在深度域地震剖面上获取所述预设区域内的其余碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息。Obtain the location information of the carbonate reservoir development section that has been drilled according to the logged well data, and use the seismic data to obtain the location information in the preset area on the time-domain seismic section or on the depth-domain seismic section. The location information of the remaining carbonate reservoir development intervals.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的振幅值包括:所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的均方根振幅值以及所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的波峰的振幅值和波谷的振幅值。Optionally, as an implementable manner, the amplitude value of the carbonate reservoir development period includes: the root mean square amplitude value of the carbonate reservoir development period and the The amplitude value of the peak and the amplitude value of the trough of the reservoir development period.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,根据所述提取结果中的振幅值计算碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育指数,包括:Optionally, as an implementable manner, calculating the reservoir development index of the carbonate reservoir development segment according to the amplitude value in the extraction result includes:
通过公式(1)计算所述储层发育指数;Calculate the reservoir development index by formula (1);
R=P/T×(P+T);(1)R=P/T×(P+T); (1)
其中,R表示所述储层发育指数,P表示波峰的振幅值,T表示波谷的振幅值。Wherein, R represents the reservoir development index, P represents the amplitude value of the peak, and T represents the amplitude value of the trough.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,根据所述储层发育指数以及所述提取结果中的振幅值确定所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的发育程度,包括:Optionally, as an implementable manner, determining the development degree of the carbonate reservoir development section according to the reservoir development index and the amplitude value in the extraction result includes:
根据所述储层发育指数以及所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的波谷的振幅值确定所述预设区域内的其余碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育程度。According to the reservoir development index and the amplitude value of the trough of the carbonate reservoir development section, the reservoir development degree of the remaining carbonate reservoir development sections in the preset area is determined.
第二方面,本发明提供一种碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的确定装置,包括:In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for determining the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs, comprising:
获取模块,用于获取预设区域的地震资料;an acquisition module, configured to acquire seismic data in a preset area;
所述获取模块,还用于根据所述预设区域的已测井资料以及所述地震资料,获取所述预设区域的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息;其中,所述已测井资料为所述预设区域内已钻到碳酸盐岩目的层段的测井资料;The acquiring module is also used to acquire the position information of the carbonate reservoir development section in the preset area according to the logged well data and the seismic data in the preset area; wherein, the measured The well data are well logging data that have been drilled into the target layer of carbonate rock in the preset area;
提取模块,用于对所述地震资料中包含至少一个完整波形的碳酸盐岩储层发育段进行均方根振幅属性提取,得到提取结果;所述提取结果包括:所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的振幅值;The extraction module is used to extract the root mean square amplitude attribute of the carbonate reservoir development segment containing at least one complete waveform in the seismic data to obtain the extraction result; the extraction result includes: the carbonate reservoir The amplitude value of the layer development segment;
计算模块,用于根据所述提取结果中的振幅值计算碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育指数;A calculation module, configured to calculate the reservoir development index of the carbonate reservoir development section according to the amplitude value in the extraction result;
确定模块,用于根据所述储层发育指数以及所述提取结果中的振幅值确定所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的发育程度。A determining module, configured to determine the development degree of the carbonate reservoir development section according to the reservoir development index and the amplitude value in the extraction result.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,所述获取模块,具体用于:Optionally, as an implementable manner, the acquisition module is specifically configured to:
根据所述已测井资料获取已钻井的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息,并利用所述地震资料在时间域地震剖面上或者在深度域地震剖面上获取所述预设区域内的其余碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息。Obtain the location information of the carbonate reservoir development section that has been drilled according to the logged well data, and use the seismic data to obtain the location information in the preset area on the time-domain seismic section or the depth-domain seismic section. The location information of the remaining carbonate reservoir development intervals.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的振幅值包括:所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的均方根振幅值以及所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的波峰的振幅值和波谷的振幅值。Optionally, as an implementable manner, the amplitude value of the carbonate reservoir development period includes: the root mean square amplitude value of the carbonate reservoir development period and the The amplitude value of the peak and the amplitude value of the trough of the reservoir development section.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,所述计算模块,具体用于:Optionally, as an implementable manner, the calculation module is specifically used for:
通过公式(1)计算所述储层发育指数;Calculate the reservoir development index by formula (1);
R=P/T×(P+T);(1)R=P/T×(P+T); (1)
其中,R表示所述储层发育指数,P表示波峰的振幅值,T表示波谷的振幅值。Wherein, R represents the reservoir development index, P represents the amplitude value of the peak, and T represents the amplitude value of the trough.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,所述确定模块,具体用于:Optionally, as an implementable manner, the determining module is specifically configured to:
根据所述储层发育指数以及所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的波谷的振幅值确定所述预设区域内的其余碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育程度。According to the reservoir development index and the amplitude value of the trough of the carbonate reservoir development section, the reservoir development degree of the remaining carbonate reservoir development sections in the preset area is determined.
本发明碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的确定方法及装置,通过获取预设区域的地震资料;根据所述预设区域的已测井资料以及所述地震资料,标定出所述预设区域的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置;其中,所述已测井资料为所述预设区域内已钻到碳酸盐岩目的层段的测井资料;对所述地震资料中包含至少一个完整波形的碳酸盐岩储层发育段进行均方根振幅属性提取,得到提取结果;所述提取结果包括:所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的振幅值;根据所述提取结果中的振幅值计算碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育指数;根据所述储层发育指数以及所述提取结果中的振幅值确定所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的发育程度,通过利用地震波形、振幅值等地球物理参数计算的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育指数,可以定量的评价碳酸盐岩储层发育段的发育程度,评价结果较为准确。The method and device for determining the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs in the present invention obtain the seismic data of the preset area; according to the logged data of the preset area and the seismic data, the area of the preset area is calibrated The position of the carbonate rock reservoir development section; wherein, the logged data is the logging data of the carbonate rock target section that has been drilled in the preset area; the seismic data includes at least one The root mean square amplitude attribute extraction is performed on the carbonate reservoir development section of the complete waveform, and the extraction result is obtained; the extraction result includes: the amplitude value of the carbonate reservoir development section; according to the The amplitude value calculates the reservoir development index of the carbonate rock reservoir development section; determines the development degree of the carbonate rock reservoir development section according to the reservoir development index and the amplitude value in the extraction result, by using The reservoir development index of the carbonate rock reservoir development interval calculated by geophysical parameters such as seismic waveform and amplitude value can quantitatively evaluate the development degree of the carbonate rock reservoir development interval, and the evaluation result is relatively accurate.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本发明碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的确定方法一实施例的流程示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic flow sheet of an embodiment of a method for determining the degree of development of carbonate rock reservoirs of the present invention;
图2为本发明方法一实施例的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息示意图一;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram 1 of the location information of the carbonate reservoir development section in an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
图3为本发明方法一实施例的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息示意图二;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram 2 of position information of a carbonate reservoir development section in an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
图4为本发明方法一实施例的碳酸盐岩储层平面预测图;Fig. 4 is the planar prediction diagram of the carbonate rock reservoir of one embodiment of the method of the present invention;
图5为本发明方法一实施例的碳酸盐岩储层发育程度评价图;Fig. 5 is the evaluation diagram of the degree of development of carbonate rock reservoirs in an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
图6为本发明碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的确定装置一实施例的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the device for determining the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs according to the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
图1为本发明碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的确定方法一实施例的流程示意图。如图1所示,本实施例的方法,包括:Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for determining the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs in the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the method of this embodiment includes:
步骤101、获取预设区域的地震资料;Step 101, acquiring seismic data in a preset area;
具体的,根据预设区域(即研究区域)的地震资料情况选择保幅性较好的纯波时间域或者深度域的地震资料。Specifically, the pure wave time domain or depth domain seismic data with better amplitude preservation is selected according to the seismic data of the preset area (ie, the research area).
保幅性较好的纯波时间域或者深度域的地震资料是指地震资料处理时以振幅保持为目的处理得到的纯波资料。The pure wave time domain or depth domain seismic data with better amplitude preservation refers to the pure wave data processed for the purpose of amplitude preservation during seismic data processing.
步骤102、根据所述预设区域的已测井资料以及所述地震资料,获取所述预设区域的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息;其中,所述已测井资料为所述预设区域内已钻到碳酸盐岩目的层段的测井资料;Step 102, according to the well-logged data and the seismic data in the preset area, obtain the location information of the carbonate reservoir development section in the preset area; wherein, the logged data is the Logging data of the carbonate rock target interval drilled in the preset area;
具体的,本发明实施例中已测井资料是指预设区域内已钻到碳酸盐岩目的层段的测井资料。Specifically, the well-logged data in the embodiment of the present invention refer to the well-logged data that have drilled into the target section of carbonate rock in the preset area.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,步骤102具体可以通过以下方式实现:Optionally, as an implementable manner, step 102 may specifically be implemented in the following manner:
根据所述已测井资料获取已钻井的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息,并利用所述地震资料在时间域地震剖面上或者在深度域地震剖面上获取所述预设区域内的其余碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息。Obtain the location information of the carbonate reservoir development section that has been drilled according to the logged well data, and use the seismic data to obtain the location information in the preset area on the time-domain seismic section or on the depth-domain seismic section. The location information of the remaining carbonate reservoir development intervals.
其余碳酸盐岩储层发育段是指除了上述已钻井的碳酸盐岩储层发育段外的碳酸盐岩储层发育段。The remaining carbonate reservoir development intervals refer to the carbonate reservoir development intervals except the above-mentioned carbonate reservoir development intervals that have been drilled.
图2为本发明方法一实施例的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息示意图一。本步骤中,如图2所示,所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息的获取是指应用已测井资料在单井综合柱状图上获取已钻井的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息,如图2中示出的储层段,图2中标出的Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类指的是碳酸盐岩储层发育段的发育类别,Ⅰ类是发育较好的碳酸盐岩储层发育段,Ⅱ类次之,Ⅲ类再次之;其中,6150、6175、6200、6225、6250、6275表示碳酸盐岩储层发育段的深度,单位是米;在6170.44m处溢流0.7方,说明此处有碳酸盐岩储层段;在6173.55m处放空0.18m,说明此处有碳酸盐岩储层段;在6170.44-6199.7m漏失钻井液530.47,说明此处有碳酸盐岩储层段;在6260-6321.15m漏失钻井液3184.53方,说明此处有碳酸盐岩储层段。Fig. 2 is a first schematic diagram of position information of a carbonate reservoir development section according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention. In this step, as shown in Figure 2, the acquisition of the location information of the carbonate reservoir development section refers to obtaining the well-drilled carbonate reservoir development section on the comprehensive histogram of a single well using the logged data. The location information of the section, as shown in Fig. 2, the reservoir section shown in Fig. 2. The types I, II, and III marked in Fig. 2 refer to the development category of the carbonate reservoir development section, and the type I is the well-developed The developed section of carbonate reservoir, followed by category II, followed by category III; among them, 6150, 6175, 6200, 6225, 6250, and 6275 represent the depth of carbonate reservoir development section, in meters; The overflow of 0.7 cubic meters at 6170.44m indicates that there is a carbonate reservoir section here; the 0.18m vent at 6173.55m indicates that there is a carbonate reservoir section here; the drilling fluid leakage at 6170.44-6199.7m is 530.47, It shows that there is a carbonate reservoir section here; 3184.53 cubic meters of drilling fluid was lost at 6260-6321.15m, which shows that there is a carbonate reservoir section here.
图3为本发明方法一实施例的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息示意图二。然后利用地震资料在时间域地震剖面上或者直接在深度域地震剖面上获取预设区域内的其余的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息。图3中示出的是在深度域地震剖面上的碳酸盐岩储层的储层段,包括波峰和波谷的一个碳酸盐岩储层发育段。Fig. 3 is a second schematic diagram of position information of a carbonate reservoir development section in an embodiment of the method of the present invention. Then, the position information of the rest of the carbonate reservoir development section in the preset area is acquired on the time-domain seismic section or directly on the depth-domain seismic section by using the seismic data. Shown in FIG. 3 is a reservoir section of a carbonate reservoir on a depth-domain seismic profile, including a developed section of a carbonate reservoir including peaks and troughs.
本步骤中的位置信息包括碳酸盐岩储层发育段所处的地理位置以及处于的深度信息(如6150-6300m)。The location information in this step includes the geographic location and depth information (such as 6150-6300m) of the carbonate reservoir development section.
步骤103、对所述地震资料中包含至少一个完整波形的碳酸盐岩储层发育段进行均方根振幅属性提取,得到提取结果;所述提取结果包括:所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的振幅值;Step 103, extract the root mean square amplitude attribute of the carbonate reservoir development segment containing at least one complete waveform in the seismic data, and obtain the extraction result; the extraction result includes: the carbonate reservoir development the amplitude value of the segment;
具体的,本步骤中,对包含至少一个完整波形的碳酸盐岩储层发育段进行均方根振幅属性提取,完整波形是指包含一个地震波谷和波峰在内的完整波形。Specifically, in this step, the root-mean-square amplitude attribute extraction is performed on the carbonate reservoir development segment containing at least one complete waveform, and the complete waveform refers to a complete waveform including a seismic trough and a peak.
地震均方根振幅属性例如可以通过地震资料解释系统中地震属性提取模块提取(地震资料解释系统如LandMark解释系统)。The seismic RMS amplitude attribute can be extracted, for example, by a seismic attribute extraction module in a seismic data interpretation system (seismic data interpretation system such as LandMark interpretation system).
其中,在实际应用中,所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的振幅值包括:所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的均方根振幅值以及所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的波峰的振幅值和波谷的振幅值。Wherein, in practical application, the amplitude value of the carbonate reservoir development period includes: the root mean square amplitude value of the carbonate reservoir development period and the The amplitude value of the peak and the amplitude value of the trough.
如图3所示,包含一个完整波形的碳酸盐岩储层发育段可以称作一个地震“串珠”。As shown in Fig. 3, a carbonate reservoir development interval comprising a complete waveform can be called a seismic "beads".
图4为本发明方法一实施例的碳酸盐岩储层平面预测图。所述地震串珠是指碳酸盐岩储层发育段在地震剖面上表现为包含波谷和波峰的完整波形的异常强振幅的“串珠状”地震反射特征,如图4所示在平面预测图上表现为“斑点状”或“斑块状”的强振幅特征。Fig. 4 is a plane prediction diagram of a carbonate reservoir according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention. The seismic beading refers to the "beaded" seismic reflection feature of abnormally strong amplitude of a complete waveform including troughs and crests on the seismic section of the carbonate reservoir development section, as shown in Figure 4 on the plane prediction map Appears as "spotted" or "plaque-like" strong amplitude features.
本发明实施例中得到提取结果后,可以根据已测井资料以及所述提取结果,进行储层平面预测,如图5所示,根据已测井资料的不同井的均方根振幅属性值,以及地震“串珠”的均方根振幅属性值,进行平面展示,即从图中可以看出哪些地震“串珠”的均方根振幅属性值与哪些井的均方根振幅属性值比较接近,则根据均方根振幅属性值可以判断出哪些地震“串珠”的储层发育较好。After obtaining the extraction results in the embodiment of the present invention, the reservoir plane prediction can be performed according to the logged data and the extraction results, as shown in Figure 5, according to the root mean square amplitude attribute values of different wells of the logged data, As well as the RMS amplitude attribute value of the seismic "beads", it is displayed in a plane, that is, it can be seen from the figure which seismic "beads" have RMS amplitude attribute values that are relatively close to the RMS amplitude attribute values of which wells, then According to the root mean square amplitude attribute value, it can be judged which seismic "beads" have well-developed reservoirs.
在本发明实施例中,还可以进行振幅值统计,振幅值统计是指首先根据储层平面预测结果对研究区已钻“串珠”井点所在地震剖面上“串珠”波谷、波峰振幅值进行统计,然后再对研究区内的其余未钻探“串珠”波谷、波峰振幅值进行统计,可以生成统计表格,如下表1所示。In the embodiment of the present invention, the amplitude value statistics can also be carried out. The amplitude value statistics refers to firstly counting the "beaded" trough and peak amplitude values on the seismic section where the "beaded" wells drilled in the research area are located according to the reservoir plane prediction results. , and then make statistics on the trough and peak amplitude values of the remaining undrilled "beads" in the study area, and a statistical table can be generated, as shown in Table 1 below.
步骤104、根据所述提取结果中的振幅值计算碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育指数;Step 104, calculating the reservoir development index of the carbonate reservoir development section according to the amplitude value in the extraction result;
其中,在实际应用中,计算碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育指数具体可以通过如下公式(1)实现:Among them, in practical application, the calculation of the reservoir development index of the carbonate reservoir development section can be realized by the following formula (1):
R=P/T×(P+T);(1)R=P/T×(P+T); (1)
其中,R表示所述储层发育指数,P表示波峰的振幅值,T表示波谷的振幅值。Wherein, R represents the reservoir development index, P represents the amplitude value of the peak, and T represents the amplitude value of the trough.
具体的,步骤104中所述储层发育指数是反映碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的,根据步骤103中得到的振幅值,对研究区地震“串珠”按如下公式计算出每个地震“串珠”的储层发育指数:R=P/T×(P+T),其中R:储层发育指数;P:波峰的振幅值;T:波谷的振幅值。Specifically, the reservoir development index described in step 104 reflects the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs. According to the amplitude value obtained in step 103, the earthquake "beads" in the study area are calculated according to the following formula: "Reservoir development index: R=P/T×(P+T), where R: reservoir development index; P: amplitude value of the peak; T: amplitude value of the trough.
表1Table 1
图5为本发明方法一实施例的碳酸盐岩储层发育程度评价图。Fig. 5 is an evaluation diagram of the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
步骤105、根据所述储层发育指数以及所述提取结果中的振幅值确定所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的发育程度。Step 105. Determine the development degree of the carbonate reservoir development section according to the reservoir development index and the amplitude value in the extraction result.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,步骤105具体可以通过如下方式实现:Optionally, as an implementable manner, step 105 may specifically be implemented in the following manner:
根据所述储层发育指数以及所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的波谷的振幅值确定所述预设区域内的其余碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育程度。According to the reservoir development index and the amplitude value of the trough of the carbonate reservoir development section, the reservoir development degree of the remaining carbonate reservoir development sections in the preset area is determined.
具体的,在实际应用中,储层发育程度是可以先根据预设区域内已钻地震串珠井的测井资料或者实际试油试采的情况确定出高效井、有效井、低效井等井类别,并根据上述步骤104确定与之对应的储层发育指数,然后以储层发育指数为纵坐标,波谷的振幅值为横坐标做出交会图,划分出与井类别相对应的区域,最后将其余未钻探的地震“串珠”按上述方法标注至交会图中,从而评价出各个地震“串珠”的储层发育程度和可钻探性,如图5所示。图5中根据实际已测井资料情况确定出预设区域内储层发育指数大于17500,波谷的振幅值大于9000区域为高效区,落在该区内的地震“串珠”井钻探储层发育,试采情况好,均为高效井;储层发育指数大于17500,波谷的振幅值小于9000区域和储层发育指数小于17500,波谷的振幅值大于9000区域为有效区,落在该区内的井钻探“串珠”储层较发育,试采情况良好,为有效井;储层发育指数小于17500,波谷的振幅值小于9000区域为低效区,落在该区内的“串珠”井钻探储层欠发育,试采情况较差,为低效井。Specifically, in practical applications, the degree of reservoir development can be determined based on the logging data of seismic bead wells drilled in the preset area or the actual oil test and production conditions to determine the high-efficiency wells, effective wells, low-efficiency wells, etc. category, and determine the corresponding reservoir development index according to the above step 104, then take the reservoir development index as the ordinate, and the amplitude value of the trough as the abscissa to make a crossplot, and divide the area corresponding to the well category, and finally The rest of the undrilled seismic “beads” are marked on the intersection map according to the above method, so as to evaluate the reservoir development degree and drillability of each seismic “beads”, as shown in Fig. 5. In Fig. 5, according to the actual well-logged data, it is determined that the reservoir development index in the preset area is greater than 17500, and the area where the amplitude of the trough is greater than 9000 is the high-efficiency area. The test production conditions are good, and they are all high-efficiency wells; the area where the reservoir development index is greater than 17,500 and the amplitude of the trough is less than 9,000 and the area where the reservoir development index is less than 17,500 and the amplitude of the trough is greater than 9,000 is the effective area. Drilling the "string of beads" reservoir is relatively developed, and the test production is good, which is an effective well; the reservoir development index is less than 17,500, and the area where the amplitude of the trough is less than 9,000 is an inefficient area, and the "string of beads" wells falling in this area are drilled in the reservoir Underdeveloped, the production test situation is poor, and it is a low-efficiency well.
综上,储层发育指数和波谷的振幅值越大,则发育程度越好,例如可以设定如储层发育指数大于第一预设指数值,且波谷的振幅值大于第一预设振幅值,则发育程度为第一等级;储层发育指数小于或等于第一预设指数值,且大于第二预设指数值,波谷的振幅值大于第一预设振幅值,则发育程度为第二等级;或储层发育指数大于第一预设指数值,且波谷的振幅值小于第一预设振幅值,大于或等于第二预设振幅值,则发育程度为第二等级;储层发育指数小于或等于第二预设指数值,且波谷的振幅值小于或等于第二预设振幅值,则发育程度为第三等级。In summary, the greater the reservoir development index and the amplitude of the trough, the better the development degree. For example, it can be set that if the reservoir development index is greater than the first preset index value, and the amplitude of the trough is greater than the first preset amplitude value , then the development degree is the first level; the reservoir development index is less than or equal to the first preset index value and greater than the second preset index value, and the amplitude of the trough is greater than the first preset amplitude value, then the development degree is the second grade; or the reservoir development index is greater than the first preset index value, and the amplitude of the trough is less than the first preset amplitude value and greater than or equal to the second preset amplitude value, then the development degree is the second grade; the reservoir development index If it is less than or equal to the second preset index value, and the amplitude of the trough is less than or equal to the second preset amplitude value, then the degree of development is the third grade.
本发明实施例的方法,通过计算碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育指数,定量的评价了碳酸盐岩储层发育段的发育程度,对指导碳酸盐岩井位部署,提高碳酸盐岩钻井成功率及储层钻遇率有重要意义。本发明实施例的方法应用于塔里木盆地塔中二区油气勘探开发中,钻井成功率由2013年以前低于80%提高到近两年来超过85%。The method of the embodiment of the present invention, by calculating the reservoir development index of the carbonate rock reservoir development section, quantitatively evaluates the development degree of the carbonate rock reservoir development section, which is helpful for guiding the deployment of carbonate rock wells and improving the carbon The success rate of salt rock drilling and the drilling rate of reservoirs are of great significance. The method of the embodiment of the present invention is applied to the exploration and development of oil and gas in the Tazhong 2 area of the Tarim Basin, and the drilling success rate has increased from less than 80% before 2013 to more than 85% in the past two years.
本实施例提供的碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的确定方法,通过获取预设区域的地震资料;根据所述预设区域的已测井资料以及所述地震资料,标定出所述预设区域的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置;其中,所述已测井资料为所述预设区域内已钻到碳酸盐岩目的层段的测井资料;对所述地震资料中包含至少一个完整波形的碳酸盐岩储层发育段进行均方根振幅属性提取,得到提取结果;所述提取结果包括:所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的振幅值;根据所述提取结果中的振幅值计算碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育指数;根据所述储层发育指数以及所述提取结果中的振幅值确定所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的发育程度,通过利用地震波形、振幅值等地球物理参数计算的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育指数,可以定量的评价碳酸盐岩储层发育段的发育程度,评价结果较为准确。The method for determining the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs provided in this embodiment is to obtain the seismic data of the preset area; and to demarcate the preset area according to the logged data of the preset area and the seismic data. The position of the carbonate rock reservoir development section; wherein, the logged data is the logging data of the carbonate rock target section that has been drilled in the preset area; the seismic data includes at least Extract the root mean square amplitude attribute of a carbonate reservoir development segment with a complete waveform to obtain an extraction result; the extraction result includes: the amplitude value of the carbonate reservoir development segment; according to the extraction result Calculate the reservoir development index of the carbonate rock reservoir development section according to the amplitude value; determine the development degree of the carbonate rock reservoir development section according to the reservoir development index and the amplitude value in the extraction result, by The reservoir development index of carbonate rock reservoir development interval calculated by using seismic waveform, amplitude value and other geophysical parameters can quantitatively evaluate the development degree of carbonate rock reservoir development interval, and the evaluation result is more accurate.
图6为本发明碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的确定装置一实施例的结构示意图。如图6所示,本实施例的碳酸盐岩储层发育程度的确定装置,包括:Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the device for determining the development degree of carbonate rock reservoirs according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 6, the device for determining the degree of development of carbonate rock reservoirs in this embodiment includes:
获取模块601,用于获取预设区域的地震资料;An acquisition module 601, configured to acquire seismic data in a preset area;
所述获取模块601,还用于根据所述预设区域的已测井资料以及所述地震资料,获取所述预设区域的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息;其中,所述已测井资料为所述预设区域内已钻到碳酸盐岩目的层段的测井资料;The acquiring module 601 is also used to acquire the location information of the carbonate reservoir development section in the preset area according to the logged well data and the seismic data in the preset area; wherein, the The well logging data is the well logging data of the carbonate rock target section that has been drilled in the preset area;
提取模块602,用于对所述地震资料中包含至少一个完整波形的碳酸盐岩储层发育段进行均方根振幅属性提取,得到提取结果;所述提取结果包括:所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的振幅值;The extraction module 602 is used to extract the root mean square amplitude attribute of the carbonate rock reservoir development section containing at least one complete waveform in the seismic data, and obtain the extraction result; the extraction result includes: the carbonate rock Amplitude value of reservoir development section;
计算模块603,用于根据所述提取结果中的振幅值计算碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育指数;Calculation module 603, for calculating the reservoir development index of the carbonate rock reservoir development section according to the amplitude value in the extraction result;
确定模块604,用于根据所述储层发育指数以及所述提取结果中的振幅值确定所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的发育程度。A determining module 604, configured to determine the development degree of the carbonate reservoir development section according to the reservoir development index and the amplitude value in the extraction result.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,所述获取模块601,具体用于:Optionally, as an implementable manner, the obtaining module 601 is specifically configured to:
根据所述已测井资料获取已钻井的碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息,并利用所述地震资料在时间域地震剖面上或者在深度域地震剖面上获取所述预设区域内的其余碳酸盐岩储层发育段的位置信息。Obtain the location information of the carbonate reservoir development section that has been drilled according to the logged well data, and use the seismic data to obtain the location information in the preset area on the time-domain seismic section or the depth-domain seismic section. The location information of the remaining carbonate reservoir development intervals.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的振幅值包括:所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的均方根振幅值以及所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的波峰的振幅值和波谷的振幅值。Optionally, as an implementable manner, the amplitude value of the carbonate reservoir development period includes: the root mean square amplitude value of the carbonate reservoir development period and the The amplitude value of the peak and the amplitude value of the trough of the reservoir development section.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,所述计算模块603,具体用于:Optionally, as an implementable manner, the computing module 603 is specifically configured to:
通过公式(1)计算所述储层发育指数;Calculate the reservoir development index by formula (1);
R=P/T×(P+T);(1)R=P/T×(P+T); (1)
其中,R表示所述储层发育指数,P表示波峰的振幅值,T表示波谷的振幅值。Wherein, R represents the reservoir development index, P represents the amplitude value of the peak, and T represents the amplitude value of the trough.
可选地,作为一种可实施的方式,所述确定模块604,具体用于:Optionally, as an implementable manner, the determining module 604 is specifically configured to:
根据所述储层发育指数以及所述碳酸盐岩储层发育段的波谷的振幅值确定所述预设区域内其余碳酸盐岩储层发育段的储层发育程度。According to the reservoir development index and the amplitude value of the trough of the carbonate reservoir development section, the reservoir development degree of the remaining carbonate reservoir development sections in the preset area is determined.
本实施例的装置,可以用于执行如图1所示方法实施例的技术方案,其实现原理和技术效果类似,此处不再赘述。The device of this embodiment can be used to execute the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.
本领域普通技术人员可以理解:实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成,前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中,该程序在执行时,执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤;而前述的存储介质包括:ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps for realizing the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, and the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the It includes the steps of the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other various media that can store program codes.
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.
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